2023学年完整版Unit1Period3教案

Period3DiscoveringUsefulStructuresRestrictiverelativeclausesStepI探究归纳感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题1．ThisisthebestTVsetthatismadeinChina.2．Pleasejusttellmeanythingthatyouknowabouttheauthorofthebook.3．Theboyandhisdogthatwerebelievedtobelostinthewoodwererescuedthismorning.4．Johnistheboywhoselegswerebadlyinjuredintheaccident.5．Thisisaplacewherechildrencanplaywithoutdanger.6．Wealllookforwardtothedaywhenasimplemedicaltestcanfindcancerwhileitisstillsmall.7．Thereasonwhyshewaslatefortheexamwasthatshegotstuckinatrafficjam.1．句1－3中的定语从句由that引导，这是因为先行词被最高级、序数词及only，any修饰时，或者先行词是不定代词、先行词包括人和物时，关系代词常用that。2.第4句用whose引导定语从句，是因为定语从句中缺少定语，whose在从句中充当此成分。3．根据第5－7句可知，当从句中缺少状语时，由关系副词引导定语从句，缺地点状语由where引导，缺少时间状语用when引导，缺少原因状语用why引导。StepII.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句用来限制先行词的意义，在讲话时不需停顿，书写时不用逗号，通常由关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose，as和关系副词when，where，why引导。一、基本概念1．先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词(有时是短语或句子)叫作先行词。如下列句中加黑部分就是先行词。Shehasfoundthenecklacethatshelosttwoweeksago.她找到了她那条丢失两周的项链。Asageneralrule，themostsuccessfulmaninlifeisthemanwhohasthebestinformation.一般说来，生活中最成功的人是获得最佳信息的人。Doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere?你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天？2．关系词：用来引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词。它包括关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as)和关系副词(when，where，why)。关系词在从句中一定要担任成分。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语；关系副词在从句中作状语。We’regoingtodosomethingthathasneverbeendonebefore.(作主语)Heisamanwhomweshouldalllearnfrom.(作宾语)Helivesinahousewhosewindowfacessouth.(作定语)Heisnolongerthepersonthatheusedtobe.(作表语)AtthetimewhenIsawhim，hewaswell.(作时间状语)Theystillliveinthesamehousewheretheylivedtenyearsago.(作地点状语)ThatisthereasonwhyIamnotinfavorofrevisingtheplan.(作原因状语)[温馨提示](1)作宾语的关系代词常可省去。如：Therearesomefilms(that)I’dliketosee.(2)因为关系词在从句中已经担任了某一成分，所以关系词所代指的先行词在从句中不要再出现。下面的句子都有错误：MrsSmithwhomyoumetheryesterdayisafriendofmine.(去掉her)Guilinisacitywhichithasahistoryof2,000years.(去掉it)Thisistheplacewheremymotherwasbornthere.(去掉there)TherearemomentswhenIforgotallaboutitthen.(去掉then)二、关系词的种类和功能种类功能(在从句中所担任的成分)关系代词that主语、宾语、表语(代替人或物)which主语、宾语(代替物)who主语、宾语(代替人)whom宾语(代替人)whose定语(代替人或物)as主语、宾语、表语(代替人或物)关系副词when时间状语(代替表时间的先行词)where地点状语(代替表地点的先行词)why原因状语(先行词是reason)用作关系代词，既可指人也可指物，可作主语、宾语或表语。Ishethemanthatsellseggs？他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗？(作主语，指人)Waterthatisimpureoftencausesseriousillness.水不清洁常会引起重病。(作主语，指物)2．which用作关系代词时一般指物，可作主语、宾语。Shewasnotonthetrainwhicharrivedjustnow.她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。(作主语)Thisisthebookwhichyouwanted.这就是你想要的那本书。(作宾语)3．who只指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语。Adoctorisapersonwholooksafterpeople’shealth.医生是关照人们健康的人。(作主语)ThemanwhoIsawiscalledSmith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。(作宾语)4．whom用作关系词，只指人，在从句中一般作宾语。Thegentlemanwhomsheencounteredaddressedherwithcourtesy.她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地和她讲话。(作宾语)5．whose在从句中作定语，既可指人也可指物。You’retheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.只有你的话他可能会听。(指人)I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一个窗户面临大海的房间。(指物)6．when的先行词须是表时间的词，在从句中作时间状语。JulyandAugustarethemonthswhentheweatherishot.七八月是天气很热的月份。7．where的先行词须是表地点的名词，在从句中作地点状语。She’sgoinghomewhereshecanrest.她要回家休息了。[温馨提示]关系副词where的先行词也可是有地点含义的抽象名词(如point，case，situation，condition等)。Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.他已到了需要改弦易辙的地步。(point在此是抽象名词)8．why的先行词只有reason，在从句中作原因状语。DoyouknowthereasonwhyIleftearly?你知道我为什么早走吗？三、that和which引导定语从句的区别1．which可引导非限制性定语从句，that不可以。Hehadfailedinthemathsexam，whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试不及格，这让他父亲很生气。2．which之前可有介词，that之前不能有介词。ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunusedtolive.这是鲁迅过去住过的房子。3．当先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时，常用that。ThatisallthatIwanttosay.那就是我想说的一切。Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他这样做。4．先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，多用that。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。5．先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时，多用that。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。6．先行词被thevery，theonly，thejust等修饰时，多用that。ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我想买的字典。MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。7．先行词既包括人又包括物时，用that。Thepassengersandthesuitcasesthatwerestillwaitinghadtobetransferredtoanotherplane.仍在等待的乘客和行李只得改乘另一架飞机。[温馨提示]1．way作先行词，若从句中缺少状语，则用that或inwhich引导定语从句，也可省略关系词。Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hespeakstohisparents.我不喜欢他跟他父母讲话的方式。2．关系副词可由“介词＋关系代词”代替。Iwillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichIworkedthere.我将永远记住我在那儿工作的那一天。MyfavoritecityisBeijingwhere/inwhichIcanvisittheGreatWall.我最喜欢的城市是北京，在那里我可以参观长城。StepIIIPracticeⅠ.用适当的关系词填空1．Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswho/thathadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)2．Inthecafe，customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthat/whichiscreatedforthem.(2019·全国Ⅲ)3．Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife，takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources(资源)．(2019·北京)4．Theirchildisatthestagewhereshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.(2019·天津)5．Ontheedgeofthejacket，thereisapieceofcloththat/whichgivesofflightinthedark.(2019·浙江)6．(1)Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.(2)ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedlastyear.7．(1)Thereasonthat/whichhegaveisunbelievable.(2)ThereasonwhyIwentwasthatIwantedtomeetyourfriends.8．(1)Idon’tlikethewaythat/in

whichshedealswiththeproposal.(2)Idon’tlikethewaythat/whichyoutaughtme.9．(1)Iwon’tforgetthedaywhen/on

whichItookpartinthesportsmeeting.(2)Iwon’tforgetthedaythat/whichIspentwithyouonthefarm.10．(1)Therewasonepointthat/whichwemustinsiston.(2)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareerwheresheneededtodecidewhattodo.Ⅱ.用定语从句把下面的句子合并起来11．Thisisthegoestotheuniversity.This

is

the

bus

that/which

goes

to

the

university.12．Doyouremembertheplace?Weallusedtomeetthere.Do

you

remember

the

place

where

we

all

used

to

meet?13．Thereareanumberofareconsideringthem.There

are

a

number

of

protests

that/which

we

are

considering.14．Wetookinahadbeenabandonedbyitsformerowner.We

took

in

a

dog

that/which

had

been

abandoned

by

its

former

owner.15．Inthecorridortherewasanoticestudentswerelookingatit.In

the