老师每日笔记-第六天

51页allowance:英语释义：anallowanceismoneythatisgiventosomeone,usuallyonaregularbasis,inordertohelpthempayforthethingthattheyneed.这个释义中onaregularbasis,payforthethingthattheyneed对关的英文搭配是什么呢？搭配用法有很多：如childallowance儿童补贴；disabilityallowance伤残补贴；housingallowance住房补贴；livingallowance生活；travelallowance:旅行补贴,holidayallowance假。1）例句为：Helivesonasingleparent’sallowanceofHelivesonasingleparent'sallowanceof70poundsaweek.(pound在字典中用符号表示)2）配还有beentitled,grant,receive，将其与allowanceOneisentitledtoahousingallowanceifheisinalow-paid52页ally:Acountry’sallyisanothercountrythathasanagreementtosupportit,especiallyin高阶的解释为：Acountrythathasagreedofficiallytogivehelpandsupporttoanotheroneespeciallyduringawar.牛津词典的解释为：acountrythathasagreedtohelpandsupportanothercountryespeciallyincaseofawar.不同的词典都强调ally是形成的，释义中“的”这个限定值得格外注意。由“”的联想，导致大量和ally的搭配都和“”有着或多或少的联系，如wartimeally,NATOally,westernally.alliancealliance:一起看英文释义：anallianceisagroupofcountriesorpoliticalpartiesthatareformallyunitedandworkingtogether,becausetheyhavesimilaraims.在这个解释里面，有哪些英文单词没有在中文释义中涵盖呢？“为了共同的目标”在中文释义中看不到，再看后面的例句，多为政党做主语，如FreeDemocrats自由党，GreenParty绿党等，可见alliance这个词汇有多大，这些释义都会让阅读者想当然的认为，alliance一定是政党的才行，但是alliance的搭配远不止这些，经常用的有：buildupaglobalalliance建立全球的；strikeupamilitaryalliance打造军事；forgeapoliticalalliance建立政治，53aloofSomeonewhoisaloofisnotveryfriendlyanddoesnotliketospendtimewithotherpeople.由此暗英文搭配用法讲得比较少例句Sheseemedaloofanddetached.表明可以和系表动词形成搭配，如look,remain,也可以和stand或者keep组合，写起和“爱心、养老”等话题来就不费劲：Thereweremanythingsthathadkeptusaloofandapartfromthecrowd.然后和我们学过的组合串接，Butwestillgivetheworldalongandaffectionatehug.就能写出不错的句子或者干脆就用字典上的例句，换个主语：Sometimeswemightfeelthattheworldisaloofanddetached,butwestillgiveitalongandaffectionatehug.54alter:很纠结的一个词，很早就背过，写作时用得很少，释义很平淡，：Ifsomethingaltersorifsomething,usuallyslightly《牛津高级辞典》的解释是：toedifferent…，看来alter基本是和edifferent那么怎么将alter用到写作中呢？可以说Notingcanalterourwill.或者…hasdramaticallyalteredourlifestyle.alter还有一个习语使用中阶没有收，但是在写作中可以选择，notalterthefactthat….例如：或者将这个词插入第四天的agony做复习：Inajourneyfullofhazards,weenduretheagony,lonelinessandmiserySometimes,wearereluctantadventurerswishingourselvesbackinaquietandcarefreelife.Howeverthisdoesn’talterthefactthatwestillcherishadreamintheirhearts,andbravelystrivefortheirgoals.但是总体而言，alter还是比较正式，写作的时候用得少，不如换成change如：Weneedachangeforthebetter.Noonecanholdbackthetideofchange.也能起到不错的写作效果。第55页写作词:altitude本页的altitude（海拔高度）和其他A字母词汇容易产生，attitude（态度）,aptitude（能力穿成句子Attituderatherthanaptitudedecidesaltitude.态度而非能力56页写作词amazementandamazement:Amazementisthefeelingyouhavewhensomethingsurprisesyouverymuch.amazing:Yousaythatsomethingisamazingwhenitisverysurprisingandmakesyoufeel,例句：Istaredatherin例句：It'samazingwhatwecanrememberwithalittle例句：Toheramazementshegotthe搭配用法还有一个inmockamazement,查查，猜猜什么意思57页写作词英文释义：Ifyouhaveanambitiontodoorachievesomething,youwantverymuchtodoitorachieveit.而第二释义为：Ambitionisthedesiretobesuccessful,rich,orpowerful.看来一旦可以将ambition和aspiration连在一起看，形成a-a字母联想，Ambitionandaspirationburnedwithinher.或者写成：Atlastherealizedhislife’sambition.如果记不住这么多，就复习aim，在aim,ambition,aspiration,dream这样的词汇之间建立联想，写起人生观念的体裁就不发愁：Wearesupposedtoaimhigh,butstartfromsmalldetails.Inthisway,successisneverfaraway.Holdinggreatambitionandaspiration,wecherishdreamintheheartandstrifeforagoal.ambition是来自于我们本性的词汇，不要背它，它58页：amiableandamiable：Someonewhoisamiableisfriendlyandpleasanttobewith.(WRITTEN)，突出性amicable:Whenpeoplehaveanamicablerelationship,theyarepleasanttoeachotherandsolvetheirproblemswithoutquarrelling突出关系友好，不争吵：友善的，温和的，平心静气中文意思看比较相似，英文的内涵不同。例句：Hehopedthedisputecouldbesettledamicably.withoutquarreling构成内涵匹配。59amounttoifsomethingamountstoaparticulartotalallthepartsofitadduptothattotal.Consumerspendingonsports-relateditemsamountedtos9.75billion.…共计…frombeingentertainedorfromngsomethinginteresting.做有趣的事