2023年大学英语四级全真试题

12月20日大学英语新四级(CET-4)全真试题PartI Writing (30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。Directions Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofcreateagreencampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow1. 建设绿色校园十分重要2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色环境3. 为了建设绿色校园我们应当……PartII ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning) (15minutes)Directions Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.Collegestakinganotherlookatvalueofmerit-basedaidGoodgradesandhightestscoresstillmatter—alot—tomanycollegesastheyawardfinancialaid.Butwithlow-incomestudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulationincomingyears,someschoolsarere-examingwhetherthataid,typicallyknownas“meritaid”,isthemosteffectiveuseofpreciousinstitutionaldollars.GeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashington,D.C.,forexample,saidlastweekthatitwouldcutthevalueofitsaveragemeritscholarshipsbyaboutone-thirdandreducethenumberofrecipients(接受者),pouringthesavings,about$2.5million,intoneed-basedaid.AlleghenyCollegeinMeadville,Pa.,madeasimilardecisionthreeyearsago.Now,HamiltonCollegeinClinton,N.Y.,saysitwillphaseoutmeritscholarshipsaltogether.Nocurrentmerit-aidrecipientswilllosetheirscholarships,butneed-basedaidalonewillbeawardedbeginningwithstudentsenteringinfall.Notallcollegesoffermeritaid;generally,themoreselectiveaschool,thelesslikelyitistodoso.HarvardandPrinceton,forexample,offergenerousneed-basedpackages,butmanyfamilieswhodon’tmeetneedeligibility(资格)havebeenwillingtopaywhatevertheymustforabig-nameschool.Forsmallregionalcollegesthatstrugglejusttofillseats,meritaidcanbeanimportantrevenue-builderbecausemanyrecipientsstillpayenoughtuitiondollarsoverandabovescholarshipamounttokeeptheinstitutionrunning.Butforrankings-consciousschoolsinbetween,meritaidhasservedprimarilyasatooltorecruittopstudentsandtoimprovetheiracademicprofiles.“They’retryingtobuystudents,”saysSkidmoreColllegeeconomistSandyBaum.Studiesshowmeritaidalsotendstobenefitdisproportionatelystudentswhocouldaffordtoenrollwithoutit.“Aswelooktothefuture,weseeamorepressingneedtoinvestinneed-basedaid,”saysMonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,whichhasofferedmeritscholarshipsfor10years.Duringthattime,itroseinUSNews&WorldReport’srankingofthebestliberalartscolleges,from25to17.Meritaid,whichbenefitedabout75studentsayear,orabout4%ofitsstudentbody,atacostofabout$1milionayear,“serveduswell,”Inzersays,but“tobediscountingthepriceforfamiliesthatdon’tneedfinancialaiddoesn’tfeelrightanymore.”Need-basedaidremainsbyfarthelargestshareofallstudentaid,whichincludesstate,federalandinstitutionalgrants.Butmeritaid,offeredprimarilybyschoolsandstates,isgrowingfaster,bothoverallandattheinstitutionallevel.Between1995-96and-04,institutionalmeritaidaloneincreased212%,comparedwith47%forneed-basedgrants.Atleast15statesalsooffermeritaid,typicallyinabidtoenrolltopstudentsinthestate’spublicinstitutions.Butinrecentyears,agrowingchorus(异口同声)ofcriticshasbegunpressuringschoolstodropthepractice.RecentdecisionsbyHamiltonandothersmaybe“asignthatpeoplearestartingtorealizethatthere’sthisdestructivecompetitiongoingon.”saysBaum,co-authorofarecentCollegeReportthatraisesconcernsabouttheroleofinstitutionalaidnotbasedonneed.DavidLaird,presidentoftheMinnesotaPrivateCollegeCouncil,saysmanyofhisschoolswouldliketoreducetheirmeritaidbutfearthatindoingso,theywouldlosetopstudentstotheircompetitors.“Noonecantakeone-sidedaction,”saysLaird,whoisexploringwhethertoseekanexemption(豁免)fromfederalanti-trustlawssomembercollegescandiscusshowtheycouldjointlyreducemeritaid.“Thisisamerry-go-roundthat’sgoingveryfast,andnoneoftheinstitutionsbelievetheycansustaintherisksoftryingtobreakawaybythemselves.”Acomplicatingfactoristhatmeritaidhasbecomesopopularwithmiddle-incomefamilies,whodon’tqualifyforneed-basedaid,thatmanyhavecometodependonit.And,astuitionscontinuetoincrease,thelinebetweenmeritandneedblurs.ThatisonereasonAlleghenyCollegedoesn’tplantodropmeritaidentirely.“Westillbelieveinrewardingsuperiorachievementsandknowthatthesetopstudentstrulyvaluethescholarship,”saysScottFriedhoff,Allegheny’svicepresidentforenrollment.EmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whichboastsa$4.7billionendowment(捐赠),meanwhile,istakinganotherapproach.Thisyear,itannounceditwouldeliminateloansforneedystudentsandcapthemformiddle-incomefamilies.Atthesametime,itwouldexpandits28-year-oldmeritprogram.“Yeah,we’replayingthemeritgame,”acknowledgesTomLancaster,associatedeanforundergraduateeducation.Butithasitsstrongpoints,too,hesays,“Thefactofthematteris,it’snotjustaboutthelowest-incomepeople.It’stheaverageAmericanmiddle-classfamilywho’sbeingpricedoutofthemarket.”Afewwordsaboutmerit-basedaidMerit-basedaidisaidofferedtostudentswhoachieveexcellenceinagivenarea,andisgenerallyknownasacademic,athleticandartisticmeritscholarships.Academicmeritscholarshipsarebasedonstudents’grades,GPAandoverallacademicperformanceduringhighschool.Theyaretypicallymeantforstudentsgoingstraighttocollegerightafterhighschool.However,therearescholarshipsforcurrentcollegestudentswithexceptionalgradesaswell.Thesemeritscholarshipsusuallyhelpstudentspaytuitionbills,andtheycanberenewedeachyearaslongastherecipientscontinuetoqualify.Insomecases,studentsmayneedtoberecommendedbytheirschooloratearcheraspartofthequalificationprocess.Athleticmeritscholarshipsaremeantforstudentthatexcel(突出)insportsofanykind,fromfootballtotrackandfieldevents.Recommendationforthesescholarshipsisrequired,sinceexceptionalathleticperformancehastoberecognizedbyacoachorareferee(裁判).Applicantsneedtosendinatapecontainingtheirbestperformance.Artisticmeritscholarshipsrequirethatapplicantsexcelinagivenartisticarea.Thisgenerallyincludesanycreativefieldsuchasart,design,fashion,music,danceorwriting.Applyingforartisticmeritscholarshipsusuallyrequiresthatstudentssubmitaportfolio（选辑）ofsomesort,whetherthatincludesacollectionofartwork,arecordingofamusicalperformanceoravideoofthemdancing.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. Withmoreandmorelow-incomestudentspursuinghighereducation,anumberofcollegesare________.A)offeringstudentsmoremerit-basedaidB)revisingtheirfinancialaidpoliciesC)increasingtheamountoffinancialaidD)changingtheiradmissionprocesses2. WhatdidAlleghenyCollegeinMeadvilledothreeyearsagoA)Ittriedtoimplementanovelfinancialaidprogram.B)Itadded$2.5milliontoitsneed-basedaidprogram.C)Itphasedoutitsmerit-basedscholarshipsaltogether.D)Itcutsitsmerit-basedaidtohelptheneedystudents.3. Thechiefpurposeofrankings-consciouscollegesinofferingmeritaidisto________.A)improveteachingqualityB)boosttheirenrollmentsC)attractgoodstudentsD)increasetheirrevenues4. MonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,believed________.A)itdoesn’tpaytospend$1millionayeartoraiseitsrankingB)itgivesstudentsmotivationtoawardacademicachievementsC)it’sillogicaltousesomuchmoneyononly4%ofitsstudentsD)it’snotrighttogiveaidtothosewhocanaffordthetuition5. Inrecentyears,merit-basedaidhasincreasedmuchfasterthanneed-basedaiddueto________.A)moregovernmentfundingtocollegesB)fiercecompetitionamonginstitutionsC)theincreasingnumberoftopstudentsD)schools’improvedfinancialsituations6. Whatistheattitudeofmanyprivatecollegestowardmeritaid,accordingtoDavidLairdA)Theywouldliketoseeitreduced.B)Theyregarditasanecessaryevil.C)Theythinkitdoesmoreharmthangood.D)Theyconsideritunfairtomiddle-classfamilies.7. Whydoesn’tAlleghenyCollegeplantodropmeritentirelyA)Risingtuitionshavemadecollegeunaffordableformiddle-classfamilies.B)Withrisingincomes,fewerstudentsareapplyingforneed-basedaid.C)Manystudentsfrommiddle-incomefamilieshavecometorelyonit.D)Risingincomeshavedisqualifiedmanystudentsforneed-basedaid.8. Annualrenewalofacademicmeritscholarshipsdependsonwhethertherecipientsremain________.9. Applicantsforathleticmeritscholarshipsneedarecommendationfromacoachorarefereewho________theirexceptionalathleticperformance.10. Applicantsforartisticmeritscholarshipsmustproduceevidencetoshowtheir________inaparticularartisticfield.PartIII ListeningComprehension (35minutes)SectionADirections Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11. A)Getsomesmallchange.B)Findashoppingcenter.C)Cashacheckatabank.D)Findaparkingmeter.12. A)Shoppingwithhisson.B)Buyingagiftforachild.C)Promotinganewproduct.D)Bargainingwithasalesgirl.13. A)Takingphotographs.B)Enhancingimages.C)Mendingcameras.D)Paintingpictures.14. A)HemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasyoung.B)Hecanprovidelittleusefulinformation.C)HewillshowthewomanaroundBaltimore.D)Hewillasksomeoneelsetohelpthewoman.15. A)Heisratherdisappointed.B)Heishighlyambitious.C)Hecan’tfaceuptothesituation.D)Heknowshisownlimitations.16. A)Shemusthavepaidalotforthegym.B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.17. A)Femalestudentsareunfitforstudyingphysics.B)Hecanserveasthewoman’stutor.C)Physicsisanimportantcourseatschool.D)Theprofessor’ssuggestionisconstructive.18. A)Indifferent.B)Doubtful.C)Pleased.D)Surprised.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19. A)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.B)Hehassignedupforadaycourse.C)Hehastoworkduringtheday.D)Hefindstheeveningcoursecheaper.20. A)Learnacomputerlanguage.B)Learndataprocessing.C)Buysomecomputersoftware.D)Buyafewcoursebooks.21. A)Thursdayevening,from700to945.B)FromSeptember1toNewYear’seve.C)EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.D)Threehoursaweek,45hoursintotal.22. A)Whattobringforregistration.B)Wheretoattendtheclass.C)HowhecangettoFrostHall.D)Whetherhecanuseacheck.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23. A)Atrainingcoach.B)Atradingadviser.C)Aprofessionalmanager.D)Afinancialtrader.24. A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)Heconsiderscookingcreative.C)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.25. A)Itissomethinginevitable.B)Itisfrustratingsometimes.C)Ittakespatiencetomanage.D)Itcanbeagoodthing.SectionBDirections Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.26. A)Therewerenoplanetswithoutmoons.B)TherewasnoairorwateronJupiter.C)Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.D)Themysteryoflifecouldnotberesolved.27. A)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.B)Ithasanatmosphereliketheearth’s.C)Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface.D)Ithasdeepcavesseveralmileslong.28. A)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.B)Lifecanforminveryhottemperatures.C)Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.D)Oxygenisnotneededforsomelifeforms.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29. A)Whethertheyshouldtakethechildhome.B)WhatDr.Meyer’sinstructionsexactlywere.C)Whoshouldtakecareofthechildathome.D)Whenthechildwouldcompletelyrecover.30. A)Sheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswhenindoubt.B)Shemakesthemwritedownallherinstructions.C)Shehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoathome.D)Sheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtodo.31. A)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.B)Itcontainsmanygrammaticalerrors.C)Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.D)Itfacilitatesinterpersonalcommunication.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32. A)Jobsecurity.B)Goodlabourrelations.C)Challengingwork.D)Attractivewagesandbenefits.33. A)Manytediousjobscontinuetobedonemanually.B)Moreandmoreunskilledworkerswilllosejobs.C)Computerswillchangetonatureofmanyjobs.D)Boringjobswillgraduallybemadeenjoyable.34. A)Offerthemchancesofpromotion.B)Improvetheirworkingconditions.C)Encouragethemtocompetewitheachother.D)Givethemresponsibilitiesaspartofateam.35. A)Theywillnotbringrealbenefitstothestaff.B)Theyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleonly.C)Theyarearbitrarilysetbytheadministrators.D)Theyarebeyondthecontrolofordinaryworkers.SectionCDirections Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Inthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbe(36)大?家?网intothreetypesofinformationalwritingfactual,descriptive,andprocess.Factualwritingprovides(37)大?家?网informationonanauthor,composer,orartistoronatypeofmusic,literature,orart.Exampleoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacketor(38)大?家?网coverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastleofmusicwhichyoumightreadinamusic(39)大?家?网courses.Thiskindofwritingprovidesa(40)大?家?网foryourstudyofthehumanities.Asitsname(41)大?家?网,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesan(42)大?家?网of,apieceofmusic,art,orliterature.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanartistusedinapaintingorthe(43)大?家?网acomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundsinthereader’smindbycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.(44)__________________________________________________________.Processwritingexplainsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutaresult.(45)__________________________________________________________.Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanartistcreatedacertaineffectisimportant.(46)__________________________________________________________.PartIV ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth) (25minutes)SectionADirections Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Infamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild’slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.Researchers92familiesfrom11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablishincome,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-educatedmiddle-classfamilieswithmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome.Whenthechildrenwere2,researchersvideotapedthemathomeinfree-playsessionswithbothparent,alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentalPsychology.Thescientistsmeasuredthenumberofutterances(话语)oftheparents,thenumberofdifferentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandotheroftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutterancesorproportionofquestionsasked.Finally,theresearchersthechildren’sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother’slevelofeducation,theofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused.Theresearchersarewhythefather’sspeech,andnotthemother’s,hadaneffect.“It’swellthatthemother’slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,”saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhadhadastronginfluenceontheirchildren’sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,“oritmaybethatmothersareinawaywedidn’tmeasureinthestudy.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) already I) quoted B) analyzed J) recording C) aspects K) recruited D) characters L) total E) contributing M) unconscious F) describing N) unsure G) established O) yet H) quality SectionBDirections Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Throughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedonthepresidentialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso.Butselfishly.I’mmorefascinatedbyMichelleObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfircan-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandpersonalwiththetypeofAfrican-Americanwomantheysorarelysee.Usually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepaman.Evenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-roling,oversexedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic（酗酒旳）mothers.Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallblackwomenareviewed,includingMichelleObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimplytobeherself.Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesonregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Michellewillrepresentusall.Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Ameircanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMichellebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamily.Michellewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise(沉着),confidenceandintelligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57. WhydoesMichelleObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheauthorA)SheservesasarolemodelforAfrican-Americanwomen.B)ShepossessesmanyadmirablequalitiesbecomingaFirstLady.C)ShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-Americanwomen.D)ShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-Americanwomen.58. WhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-AmericanwomenaccordingtotheauthorA)Theyarevictimsoffamilyviolence.B)Theyareofaninferiorsocialgroup.C)Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.D)Theyliveoncharityandsocialwelfare.59. WhatdomanyAfrican-Americanswriteaboutintheirblogs.A)WhetherMichellecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherfans.B)HowMichelleshouldbehaveasapublicfigure.C)HowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteHouse.D)WhatMichelleshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteHouse.60. WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutMichelleObamaasaFirstLadyA)Howevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainmodest.B)Sheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfircan-Americancommunity.C)Howeverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseeverybody.D)ShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sconcerns.61. WhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMichelleObamawilldoA)Helpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackwomen.B)HelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingAmerica.C)OutshinepreviousFirstLadies.D)Fullydisplayherfinequalities.PassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof,they’llbejoinedbyanewfaceAndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversitypresidentinAmerica.Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirectionoutwardfromAmerica.ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHays,theboard’schair.TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidentfund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators,andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.Inthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen(监督)“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。62. WhatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassageA)InstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheU.S.B)Alotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasadministrators.C)Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.D)Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofund-raising.63. WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministratorsA)Theirpoliticalcorrectness.B)Theirabilitytoraisefunds.C)Theirfameinacademiccircles.D)Theiradministrativeexperience.64. WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassageA)Thetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.B)Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentsupervision.C)Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.D)Mostoftheirrevenuescomefromthegovernment.65. CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.A)shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoneyB)shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYaleC)sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseasD)shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus66. Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopmentA)Theycanenchancetheuniversity’simage.B)Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.C)Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.D)Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.PartV Cloze (15minutes)Directions Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Olderpeoplemustbegivenmo