2023年大学英语四级模拟试题

大学英语四级模拟试题(6)PartIIReadingComprehension（35minutes）

Directions：Thereare4passagesinthispart．Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）．Youshoulddecidedonthechoicethatbestanswersthequestionorcompletesthestatement．ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre．

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

TheordinaryfamilyincolonialNorthAmericawasprimarilyconcernedwithsheerphysicalsurvivalandbeyondthat，itsowneconomicprosperity．Thus，childrenwerevaluedintermsoftheirproductivityandtheyassumedtheroleofproducerquiteearly．Untiltheyfulfilledthisrole，theirposition，inthestructureofthefamilywasoneofsubordination，andtheirpsychologicalneedandcapacitiesreceivedlittleconsideration．

Asthesocietybecamemorecomplex，thestatus（地位）ofchildreninthefamilyandinthesocietybecamemoreimportant．InthecomplextechnologicalsocietythattheUnitedStateshasbecome，eachmembermustfulfillanumberofpersonalandoccupationalrolesandbeinconstantcontactwithagreatmanyothermembers．Consequently，viewingchildrenaspotentiallyacceptableandnecessarilymultifaceted（多方面旳）memberofsocietymeansthattheyareregardedmoreaspeopleintheirownrightthanasutilitarian（功利旳）organisms．Thisacceptanceofchildrenas

equalparticipantsinthecontemporaryfamilyisreflectedinthevarietyofstatutesprotectingtherightsofchildrenandinthesocialandpublicwelfareprogramsdevotedexclusivelytotheirwell-being．

Thisnewviewofchildrenandtheincreasingcontactbetweenthemembersofsocietyhasalsoresultedinasurgeofinterestinchild-rearingtechniques．Peopletodayspendaconsiderableportionoftheirtimeconferringontheproperwaytobringupchildren．Itisnowpossibletoinfluencethedetailsofthesocializationofanotherperson'schildbyspreadingthegospel（原则、信条）ofcurrentandfashionabletheoriesandmethodsofchildrearing．

ThesocializationofthecontemporarychildintheUnitedStatesisatwo-waytransactionbetweenparentandchildratherthanaone-wayparent-to-childtrainingprogram．Asaconsequence，socializingchildrenandlivingwiththemoveralongperiodoftimeisforparentsamixtureofpleasure，satisfaction，andproblem．

21．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？

A）ThePlaceofChildreninUnitedStatesSociety

B）TheChildrenofColonialNorthAmerica

C）TheDevelopmentofCulturalValues

D）TheChildasaUtilitarianOrganism

22．Accordingtotheauthor，childrenincolonialNorthAmericaweremainlyvaluedfortheir．

A）academicachievements

B）survivalinstincts

C）physicalcharacteristics

D）productiveroles

23．WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutformalschoolingincolonialNorthAmerica？

A）Childrenweretaughttolearnfromotherchildren'ssuccess．

B）Childrenweretaughttobemoreproductive．

C）Schoolingatthattimewasveryundeveloped．

D）Teachersandparentswouldpaymuchattentiontothechildren'spsychologicalneeds．

24．WhichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionasacauseofchangesintheroleofthechildintheUnitedStates？

A）Anincreaseintechnology．

B）Thegrowingcomplexityofthechild'spsychologicalneeds．

C）Adecreaseinthechild'sintellectualcapacities．

D）Thegrowingnumberofsingleparentfamilies．

25．Accordingtothepassageparentshavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin____．

A）theirchildren'sfutureoccupations

B）havingsmallerfamilies

C）adoptionsprogramsforchildlesscouples

D）child-rearingtechniques

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

OnJune17，1744，theofficialsfromMarylandandVirginiaheldatalkwiththeIndiansoftheSixNations．TheIndianswereinvitedtosendboystoWilliamandMaryCollege．Inaletterthenextdaytheyrefusedtheofferasfollows：

Weknowthatyouhaveahighopinionofthekindoflearningtaughtinyourcolleges，andthatthecostsoflivingofouryoungmen，whilewithyou，wouldbeveryexpensivetoyou．Weareconvincedthatyoumeantodousgoodbyyourproposalandwethankyouheartily．Butyoumustknowthatdifferentnationshavedifferentwaysoflookingatthings，andyouwillthereforenotbeoffendedifourideasofthiskindofeducationhappennottobethesameasyours．Wehavehadsomeexperienceofit．Severalofouryoungpeoplewereformerlybroughtupatthecollegesofthenorthernprovinces；theyweretaughtallyoursciences；butwhentheycamebacktoustheywerebadrunners，ignorantofeverymeansoflivinginthewoods，theyweretotallygoodfornothing．

Weare，however，notthelessobligedbyyourkindoffer，thoughwerefusetoacceptit，andtoshowourgratefulsenseofit，ifthegentlemenofVirginiawillsendusadozenoftheirsons，wewi1ltakecareoftheireducation，teachtheminal1weknowandmakemenofthem．

26．Thispassageisabout____．

A）thecollegesofthenorthernprovince

B）theproblemsoftheAmericansinthemid18thcentury

C）theeducationalvaluesoftheIndians

D）thetalkbetweentheIndiansandtheofficials

27．Accordingtotheletter，theIndiansbelievedthat____．

A）theywerebeinginsultedbytheoffer

B）theyknewmoreaboutsciencethantheofficials

C）itwouldbebetterfortheirboystoreceivesomeschooling

D）theyhadabetterwayofeducatingyoungmen

28．TheIndian'schiefpurposeinwritingtheletterseemsto____．

A）politelyrefuseafriendlyoffer

B）describeIndiancustoms

C）expresstheiropinionsonequaltreatment

D）showtheirpride

29．Differentfromtheofficials'viewofeducation，theIndiansthought____．

A）theytaughtdifferentbranchesofscience

B）theyshouldteachthesonsoftheofficialsfirst

C）theyhaddifferentgoalsofeducation

D）youngwomenshouldalsobeeducated

30．Thetoneoftheletterasawholeisbestdescribedas____．

A）pleasantB）politeC）inquiringD）angry

Questions31to36arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Thefocusingorsharpeningoftheimageisperformedbyaspecialapparatus．Ineverycamera，thefarthertheobjectisfromtheeye，thefartherforward—andthenearertheobjectistotheeye，thefartherbackward—isitsimagethrown．Inphotographers'cameras，thebackismadetoslide，andcanbedrawnawayfromthelenswhentheobjectthatcaststhepicturenear，andpushedforwardwhenitisfar．Thepictureisthuskeptalwayssharp．Butnosuchchangeoflengthispossibleintheeyeball，andthesameresultisreachedinanotherway．Thelens，namely，growsmoreconvex（凸面旳）whenanearobjectislookedat，andflatterwhentheobjectrecedes．Thischangeisduetotheantagonismofthe“ciliarymuscle（睫状肌）．Theligament（韧带），whentheciliarymuscleisatrest，assumessuchaspreadoutshapeastokeepthelensratherflat．Butthelensishighlyelastic；anditspringsintothemoreconvexformwhichisnaturaltoitwhenevertheciliarymuscle，bycontracting，makestheligamentrelaxitspressure．Thecontractionofthemuscle，bythustenderingthelensmorerefractive，adaptstheeyefornearobjects（“accommodatesitforthem，aswesay）：anditsrelaxation，byrenderingthelenslessrefractive，adaptstheeyefordistantvision．Accommodationforthenearisthusthemoreactivechange，sinceitinvolvescontractionoftheciliarymuscle．Whenwelookfaroff，wesimplyletoureyesgopassive．Wefeelthedifferenceintheeffortwhenwecomparethetwosensationofchange．

31．Inordertofocusondistantobjects，thelensoftheeye____．

A）becomesmoreconvexB）becomesmoreactive

C）becomesmorerefractiveD）flattens

32．Theligament，whennotactedonbythecontractionoftheciliarymuscle，____．

A）maintainsitspressureonthelenssothatthelensremainsflat

B）relaxesitspressureonthelenssothatitremainsconvex

C）maintainsitspressureonthelenssothatthelensremainsconvex

D）relaxesitspressureonthelenssothatitremainsflat

33．Functionally，wemaycompare____．

A）thelensofthecamerawiththelensoftheeye

B）thelensofthecamerawiththeciliarymuscle

C）thelensoftheeyewiththeslidingofthebackofthecamera

D）theslidingofthebackofthecamerawiththeadaptabilityoftheeyeball

34．Whichofthefollowingactivitiesismosttiringforthelensoftheeye？

A）Lookingatadistantmountain．

B）Beinga“sidewalksuperintendent．

C）Watchingsquirrelsbeingfed．

D）Readingabook．

35．Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas____．

A）professionallyscientificB）argumentative

C）matteroffactandformalD）informalandmatteroffact

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Areyouawarethatyouactuallypossesssixsenses？Thesixthisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligentlytotheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform．Forexample，whenyoureachforanobject，thesensorynerveslinkingthemusclestothebrainstopyourhandatthecorrectspot．Thisautomaticperceptionofthepositionofyourmusclesinrelationtotheobjectisyourmuscularsenseinaction．

Musclesarestringybundlesoffibersvaryingfromonefivethousandthofaninchtoaboutthreeinches．Theyhavethreeuniquecharacteristics：theycanbecomeshorterandthicker；theycanstretch；andtheycanretracttotheiroriginalpo-sition．Underahigh-poweredmicroscope，muscletissueisseenaslong，slendercellswithagrainytexturelikewood．

Morethanhalfofaperson'sbodyiscomposedofmusclefibers，mostofwhichareinvoluntary，inotherwords，workwithoutconsciousdirection．Thevoluntarymuscles，thosethatwemoveconsciouslytoperformparticularactions，numbermorethanfivehundred．Womenhaveonly60to70percentasmuchmuscleasmenfortheirbodymass．Thatiswhyanaveragewomancan'tliftasmuch，throwasfar，orhitashardasanaverageman．

36．Accordingtotheselection，morethanhalfofaperson'sbodyiscomposedof____．

A）involuntarymusclesB）musclefibers

C）sensorynervesD）voluntarymuscles

37．Intelligentuseofthemusclesmeansthat____．

A）oneimprovesmuscularactionconsciously

B）onealwaysknowswhathismusclesaredoing

C）one'smusclesareusedonlytotheextentnecessaryforeachactiontheyperform

D）oneperformsimpleactionswithoutworking

38．Anaveragewomanisweakerthananaveragemanbecauseshehas____．

A）60to70percentlessmuscleforherbodymass

B）only60to70percentasmuchmusc1eforherbodymassasanaverageman

C）lessmusclefiberforherbodyweight

D）morevoluntarymusclesthananaverageman

39．Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated？

A）Muscularsenseinvolvesautomaticperception．

B）Therearemorethan500involuntarymusclesinthebody．

C）Muscletissueisinflexible．

D）Themuscularsenseismoreimportantthananyothersense．

40．Accordingtothepassage，themuscularsenseisresponsiblefor____．

A）thenormalbreathingfunction

B）theworkofonlyourvoluntarymuscles

C）directingourmusclesintelligently

D）theefficiencyofourmuscles

PartIIIVocabularyandStructure（20minutes）

Directions：Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart．ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）．ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence．ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre．

4l．Bythetimejetaircraftcouldflyataspeedfasterthansound，traintransportationintheUnitedStates____overseveraldecades．

A）wasdecliningB）hadbeendeclining

C）hasdeclinedD）declined

42．HadAustralianotbeencolonizedbytheBritish，English____therenow．

A）willnotbespokenB）isnotspoken

C）wouldnothavebeenspokenD）wouldnotbespoken

43．Ishouldliketorentahouse，modern，comfortableand____inaquietenvironment．

A）beforeallB）firstofall

C）afterallD）aboveall

44．This____wasconductedtofindouthowmanypeoplepreferbutter．

A）examinationB）inspectC）surveyD）analysis

45．Therearesomehobbiesthatcanonlybebypeoplewithplentyoftimeandmoney．

A）takenonB）takenoverC）takenupD）takenin

46．Hegavemuchattentionandthoughttohischildren．

A）lookingoutB）keepingupC）bringingupD）makingout

47．Itisestimatedthattheengineofthismodelisastwicepowerfulasthe____one．

A）priorB）earlyC）formerD）previous

48．Hisparents____ofmewhetherweadaptedtothenewcollegelife．

A）investigatedB）knewC）heardD）inquired

49．Beforeleavinghisoffice，themanagershowednosignof____ourproposals．

A）bringingaboutB）showingoff

C）respondingD）pointingout

50．Pleasekeep____aboutwhatyouhavejustheard．

A）quietB）stillC）silentD）voiceless

51．Weshallnotsucceedincontrollingworldpopulation____weimprovelivingconditions．

A）asB）unlessC）whileD）if

52．Candidateswhowishto____fromtheexaminationmustnotifythesecretaryimmediately．

A）resignB）removeC）suspendD）withdraw

53．Ineverexpectyouto____atthemeeting．Ithoughtyouwereabroad．

A）turnonB）turnoutC）turnupD）turnoff

54．Thecostoftheoperationwillneedtobe____veryprecisely．

A）carriedoutB）cutoutC）filledoutD）figuredout

55．Itwasnotuntilhehadarrivedhomethatherememberednottobe____thatthesafewaslocked．

A）confirmedB）believedC）toldD）assured

56．Thiscompanyhasdecidedto____itsmainofficefromHongKongtoPudongDevelopmentZoneinShanghai．

A）transferB）transformC）transplantD）transport

57．Hewillfirstexplaintheitemsofthecontracttoyouandthenyoucandiscussit____．

A）inparticularB）fordetailC）inadditionD）atlength

58．AccordingtoNobel'sfamouswill，theinterestonhisfundwillbe____tothosewhohavemadethegreatestcontributionstomankindduringthepreviousyear．

A）devotedB）distributedC）reservedD）assisted

59．TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalso____alargenumberofsocialcustoms．

A）shareB）joinC）takeD）make

60．Everyoneelsewaskilledintheaccident．Iwastheonlyoneto____．

A）relieveB）aliveC）releaseD）survive

61．Susanneverlaughedloudly，____losehertemper．

A）orsheeverdidB）ordidsheeverC）nordidsheeverD）norsheeverdid

62．Itisdecidedthatnosmoking____inthecinema．

A）isallowedB）beallowed

C）willbeallowedD）shouldhavebeenallowed

63．Thesizeoftheaudience，Ihadexpected，waswelloverthreethousand．

A）whoB）whomC）asD）that

64．Wegottothestation____onlythatthetrainwehadplannedtotakehadjustleft，sowehadtotakethecoach．

A）exhausted；learnedB）exhausted；tolearn

C）exhausting；tolearnD）toexhaust；learning

65．ItoldthestrangerhowtogettherebutperhapsI____himamap．

A）shouldhavegivenB）hadtogiveC）oughttogiveD）musthavegiven

66．____，allofthesoldierslaiddownonthegroundimmediatelyandcouldnotmovetheirbodies，verytied．

A）Thetaskhavingbeenfinished；felt

B）Thetaskhavingbeenfinished；feeling

C）Finishedthetask；felt

D）Thetaskhavingbeenfinished；havingfelt

67．Ineedabookdealing____anti-pollutionproblems．

A）aboutB）onC）withD）to

68．IfBettysetshermindonsomethingthereisnothingtoholdher____．

A）upB）onC）backD）out

69．Thoughhisappearancehaschangedsomuch，Irecognizedhimthe____Isawhim．

A）instantlyB）momentC）occasionD）time

70．Colour-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto____betweenblueandgreen．

A）distinctB）distinguishC）separateD）divide

PartIVShortAnswerQuestions（15minutes）

Directions：Inthispartthereisashortpassagewithfivequestionsorincompletestatements．Readthepassagecarefully．Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords（notexceeding10words）．

Inthedarknessofearlymorningmanypeoplewaited．Abouttenmilesawaywasanatombombthatwassettogooff．Onaloudspeakeravoicewascounting“．．．four，three，two，one，zero．

Zero—andnothinghappened！Whydidn'tthebombgooff？Somethinghadgonewrong．Butnooneknewwhatwasthematter．

Nowtherewasonlyonethinglefttodo．Somemenmustgoandtake