2023年大学英语四级考试卷

1月8日大学英语四级考试A卷来源：21CET.COM–四六级考试第一站PartISectionAListeningComprehension(20minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconvers-ation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread."A)Attheoffice.B)Inthewaitingroom.C)Attheairport.D)Inarestaurant.FromtheconversationweknOwthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.ThisconversationiSmostlikelytohavetakenplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A)"Attheoffice"isthebestanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]1.A)Themanenjoystravelingbycar.B)Themanlivesfarfromthesubway.C)Themanisgoodatdriving.D)Themanusedtoownacar.2.A)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.B)SheapprovesofTony'sdecision.C)Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.D)Shecan'tmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning.3.A)Shehastostudyfortheexam.B)Sheisparticularlyinterestedinplays.C)She'seagertowatchthenewplay.D)Shecanlendhernotestotheman.4.A)Theywillbereplacedbyon-lineeducationsoonerorlater.B)Theywillattractfewerkidsason-lineeducationexpands.C)Theywillcontinuetoexistalongwithon-lineeducation.D)Theywilllimittheirteachingtocertainsubjectsonly.5.A)Moststudentswouldliketoworkforanewspaper.B)Moststudentsfindajobbyreadingadvertisements.C)Moststudentsfindithardtogetajobaftertheygraduate.D)Moststudentsdon'twantjobsadvertisedinthenewspapers.6.A)Movethewashingmachinetothebasement.B)Turnthebasementintoaworkshop.C)Repairthewashingmachine.D)Finishhisassignment.7.A)Somestudentsatthebackcannotheartheprofessor.B)Theprofessorhaschangedhisreadingassignment.C)Someofthestudentsarenotontheprofessor'slist.D)Theprofessorhasbroughtextracopiesofhisassignment.8.A)Shedoesn'twanttotalkaboutthecontest.B)She'smodestabouthersuccessinthecontest.C)She'sspenttwoyearsstudyingEnglishinCanada.D)She'sveryproudofhersuccessinthespeechcontest.9.A)Talkingaboutsports.B)Writinguplocalnews.C)Readingnewspapers.D)Puttingupadvertisements10.A)Theyshouldn'tchangetheirplan.B)They'dbetterchangetheirmind.C)Thetennisgamewon'tlastlong.D)Weatherforecastsarenotreliable.PartISectionBCompoundDictationDirections:inthissection,y'ouwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toSIOyouarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally;whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Therearealotofgoodcamerasavailableatthemoment-mostofthesearemadeinJapanbuttherearealsogood(S1)modelsfromGermanyandtheUSA.Wehave(S2)rangeofdifferentmodelstoseewhichisthebest(S3)money.Afteranumberofdifferenttestsandinterviewswithpeoplewhoare(S4)assessed,ourresearchers(S5)withthedifferentcamerasbeingtheOlympicBYmodelasthebestauto-focuscameraavailableatthemoment.Itcosts$200althoughyoumaywellwanttospendmore-(S6)muchasanother$200-onbuying(S7)lensesandotherequipment.ItisagoodJapanesecamera,easytouse.(S8)whereastheAmericanversionsareconsiderablymoreexpensiveTheOlympicBYmodelweighsonly320gramswhichisquiteabitlessthanothercamerasofasimilartype.Indeedoneoftheothermod-elswelookedatweighedalmosttwiceasmuch.(S9)ALLthepeopleweinterviewedexpressedalmosttotalsatisfactionwithit(Sl0)PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflu(~,~)maymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.TheAmericanLungAssociation(ALA)hasissuednewguidelinesoncombatingcoldsandtheflu(流感),andoneofthekeysisbeingabletoquicklytellthetwoapart.That'sbecausetheprescriptiondrugsavailableforthefluneedtobetakensoonaftertheillnesssetsin.Asforcolds,thesoonerapersonstartstakingover-the-counterremedy,thesoonerreliefwillcome.Thecommoncoldandthefluarebothcausedbyviruses.Morethan200virusescancausecoldsymptoms,whilethefluiscausedbythreeviruses-fluA,BandC.Thereisnocureforeitherillness,buttheflucanbepreventedbythefluvaccine(~-~),whichis,formostpeople,thebestwaytofighttheflu,accordingtotheALA.Butifthefludoesstrike,quickactioncanhelp.Althoughthefluandcommoncoldhavemanysimilarities,therearesomeobvioussignstolookfor.Coldsymptomssuchasstuffynose,runnynoseandscratchythroattypicallydevelopgradu-ally,andadultsandteensoftendonotgetafever.Ontheotherhand,feverisoneofthecharacter-isticfeaturesofthefluforallages.Andingeneral,flusymptomsincludingfeverandchills,sorethroatandbodyachescomeonsuddenlyandaremoreseverethancoldsymptoms.TheALAnotesthatitmaybeparticularlydifficulttotellwheninfantsandpreschoolagechildrenhavetheflu.Itadvisesparentstocallthedoctoriftheirsmallchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms.Bothcoldandflusymptomscanbeeasedwithover-the-countermedicationsaswell.However,childrenandteenswithacoldorflushouldnottakeaspirinforpainreliefbecauseoftheriskofReyesyndrome(综合症)，ararebutseriousconditionoftheliverandcentralnervoussystem.Reyesyndrome.Thereis,ofcourse,novaccineforthecommoncold.ButfrequenthandwashingandavoidingclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavecoldscanreducethelikelihoodofCatchingone.11.Accordingtotheauthor,knowingthecauseofthemiserywillhelpA)shortenthedurationoftheillnessB)thepatientbuymedicineoverthecounterC)thepatientobtaincheaperprescriptiondrugsD)preventpeoplefromcatchingcoldsandtheflu12.WelearnfromthepassagethatA)onedoesn'tneedtotakeanymedicineifhehasacoldorthefluB)aspirinshouldnotbeincludedinover-the-countermedicinesforthefluC)delayedtreatmentofthefluwillharmtheliverandcentralnervoussystemD)over-the-counterdrugscanbetakentoeasethemiserycausedbyacoldortheflu13.Accordingtothepassage,tocombattheflueffectively,A)oneshouldidentifytheviruswhichcausesitB)oneshouldconsultadoctorassoonaspossibleC)oneshouldtakemedicineuponcatchingthediseaseD)oneshouldremainalertwhenthediseaseisspreading14.Whichofthefollowingsymptomswilldistinguishtheflufromacold?A)Astuffynose.B)Ahightemperature.CiAsorethroat.D)Adrycough.15.Ifchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms,theirparentsA)areadvisednottogivethemaspirinB)shouldwatchoutforsignsofReyesyndromeC)areencouragedtotakethemtohospitalforvaccinationD)shouldpreventthemfrommixingwithpeoplerunningafeverPassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansex-pectedtofind.In'mostJapanesepreschools,surprisinglylittleemphasisisputonacademicinstruction.Inoneinvestigation,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,childdevelopmentspecialists,andparentswereaskedaboutvariousaspectsofearlychildhoodeducation.Only2percentoftheJapaneserespondents(答问卷者)listed"togivechildrenagoodstart'academically"asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Incontrast,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschosethisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.Topreparechildrenforsuccessfulcareersinfirstgradeandbeyond,Japaneseschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,andmathematics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup.ThevastmajorityofyoungJapanesechildrenaretaughttoreadathomebytheirparents.IntherecentcomparisonofJapaneseandAmericanpreschooleducation,91percentofJapa-neserespondentschoseprovidingchildrenwithagroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreerea-sonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Sixty-twopercentofthemoreindividuallyoriented(强调个性发展旳)Americanslistedgroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.AnemphasisontheimportanceofthegroupseeninJapaneseearlychildhoodeducationcontinuesintoelementaryschooleducation.LikeinAmerica,thereisdiversityinJapaneseearlychildhoodeducation.SomeJapanesekindergartenshavespecificaims,suchasearlymusicaltrainingorpotentialdevelopment.Inlargecities,somekindergartensareattachedtouniversitiesthathaveelementaryandsecondaryschools.SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildrenattendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildren'schancesofeventuallybeingadmittedtotop-ratedschoolsanduniversi-ties.SeveralmoreprogressiveprogramshaveintroducedfreeplayasawayoutfortheheavyintellectualizinginsomeJapanesekindergartens.16.WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatmanyAmericansbelieveA)JapaneseparentsaremoreinvolvedinpreschooleducationthanAmericanparentsB)Japan'seconomicsuccessisaresultofitsscientificachievementsC)JapanesepreschooleducationemphasizesacademicinstructionD)Japan'shighereducationissuperiortotheirs17.MostAmericanssurveyedbelievethatpreschoolsshouldalsoattachimportancetoA)problemsolvingB)groupexperiencebelievethatpreschoolsshouldalsoattachimportancetoC)parentalguidanceD)individually-orienteddevelopment18.InJapan'spreschooleducation,thefocusisonA)preparingchildrenacademicallyB)developingchildren'sartisticinterestsC)tappingchildren'spotentialD)shapingchildren'scharacter19.FreeplayhasbeenintroducedinsomeJapanesekindergartensinordertoA)broadenchildren'shorizonB)cultivatechildren'screativityC)lightenchildren'sstudyloadD)enrichchildren'sknowledge20.WhydosomeJapaneseparentssendtheirchildrentouniversity:basedkindergartens?A)Theycandobetterintheirfuturestudies.B)Theycanaccumulatemoregroupexperiencethere.C)Theycanbeindividuallyorientedwhentheygrowup.D)Theycanhavebetterchancesofgettingafirst-rateeducation.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960'sand70's,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemissionsoriginatingintheUnitedStates.InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunleadedgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland.ThenewstudyisaresultofthecontinuedresearchledbyDr.CharlesBoutron,anexpertontheimpactofheavymetalsontheenvironmentattheNationalCenterforScientificResearchinFrance.AstudybyDr.Boutronpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarctic(北极旳)snowweredeclining.Inhisnewstudy,Dr.BoutronfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadintheleadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolinesandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiate(分区)theleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.InastudypublishedinthejournalAmbio,scientistsfoundthatleadlevelsinsoilintheNorth-easternUnitedStateshaddecreasedmarkedlysincetheintroductionofunleadedgasoline.Manyscientistshadbelievedthattheleadwouldstayinsoilandsnowforalongerperiod.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyexaminedsamplesoftheupperlayersofsoiltakenfromthesamesitesof30forestfloorsinNewEngland,NewYorkandPennsylvaniain1980andin1990.Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystem(生态系统)re-spondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthesefindingsshouldnotbeusedasalicensetopollute.21.ThestudypublishedinthejournalNatureindicatesthatA)theCleanAirActhasnotproducedthedesiredresultsB)leaddepositsinarcticsnowareontheincreaseC)leadwillstayinsoilandsnowlongerthanexpectedD)theUSisthemajorsourceofleadpollutioninarcticsnow22.LeadaccumulationworldwidedecreasedsignificantlyaftertheuseofunleadedgasintheUSA)wasdiscouragedB)wasenforcedbylawC)wasprohibitedbylawD)wasintroduced23.HowdidscientistsdiscoverthesourceofleadpollutioninGreenland?A)ByanalyzingthedatapublishedinjournalslikeNatureandAmbio.B)Byobservingtheleadaccumulationsindifferentpartsofthearcticarea.C)BystudyingthechemicalelementsofsoilandsnowinNortheasternAmerica.D)Bycomparingthechemicalcompositionsofleadedgasolineusedinvariouscountries.24.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyhavefoundthatA)forestsgetridofleadpollutionfasterthanexpectedB)leadaccumulationsinforestsaremoredifficulttodealwithC)leaddepositsarewidelydistributedintheforestsoftheUSD)theupperlayersofsoilinforestsareeasilypollutedbyleademissions25.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatscientistsA)arepuzzledbythemysteryofforestpollutionB)feelrelievedbytheuseofunleadedgasolineC)stillconsiderleadpollutionaproblemD)lacksufficientmeanstocombatleadpollutionPassageFourQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Exerciseisoneofthefewfactorswithapositiveroleinlong-termmaintenanceofbodyweight.Unfortunately,thatmessagehasnotgottenthroughtotheaverageAmerican,whowouldrathertryswitchingto"light"beerandlow-caloriebreadthanincreasephysicalexertion.TheCentersforDiseaseControl,forexample,foundthatfewerthanone-fourthofoverweightadultswhoweretryingtoshedpoundssaidtheywerecombiningexercisewiththeirdiet.Inrejectingexercise,somepeoplemaybediscouragedtoomuchbycaloric-expenditurecharts;forexample,onewouldhavetobrisklywalkthreemilesjusttoworkoffthe275caloriesinonedeliciousDanishpastry(小甜饼).Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere."Exercisebyitselfisaverytoughwaytoloseweight,"saysYorkOnnen,programdirectorofthePresident'sCouncilonPhysicalFitnessandSports.Still,exercise'ssupportingroleinweightreductionisvital.AstudyattheBostonUniversityMedicalCenterofoverweightpoliceofficersandotherpublicemployeesconfirmedthatthosewhodietedwithoutexerciseregainedalmostalltheiroldweight,whilethosewhoworkedexerciseintotheirdailyroutinemaintainedtheirnewweight.Ifyouhavebeensedentary(很少活动旳)anddecidetostartwalkingonemileaday,theaddedexercisecouldburnanextra100caloriesdaily.Inayear'stime,assumingnoincreaseinfoodintake,youcouldlosetenpounds.Byincreasingthedistanceofyourwalksgraduallyandmakingotherdietaryadjustments,youmayloseevenmoreweight.26.WhatissaidabouttheaverageAmericaninthepassage?A)Theytendtoexaggeratethehealthfuleffectof"light"beer.B)Theyusuallyignoretheeffectofexerciseonlosingweight.C)Theyprefer"light"beerandlow-caloriebreadtootherdrinksandfood.D)Theyknowthefactorsthatplayapositiveroleinkeepingdownbodyweight.27.SomepeopledislikeexercisebecauseA)theythinkitisphysicallyexhaustingB)theyfindithardtoexercisewhileonadietC)theydon'tthinkitpossibletowalk3mileseverydayD)theyfindconsultingcaloric-expenditurechartstroublesome28."Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere"(Line3,Para.2)means"TheyA)agreethatthecaloriesinasmallpieceofpastrycanbedifficulttoworkoffbyexerciseB)partiallybelievedietplaysasupportingroleinweightreductionC)arenotfullyconvincedthatdietingcanhelpmaintainone'snewweightD)arenotsufficientlyinformedofthepositiveroleofexerciseinlosingweight29.WhatwasconfirmedbytheBostonUniversityMedicalCenter'sstudy?A)Controllingone'scalorieintakeismoreimportantthandoingexercise.B)Evenoccasionalexercisecanhelpreduceweight.C)Weightreductionisimpossiblewithoutexercise.D)Onecouldlosetenpoundsinayear'stimeifthere'snoincreaseinfoodintake.30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A)TojustifythestudyoftheBostonUniversityMedicalCenter.B)Tostresstheimportanceofmaintainingproperweight.C)TosupportthestatementmadebyYorkOnnen.D)Toshowthemosteffectivewaytoloseweight.PartHIVocabulary(20minutes)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.31.Themachinelookedlikealarge,，old-fashionedtypewriter.A)forcefulB)clumsyC)intenseD)tricky32.Thoughshebeganherbysinginginalocalpopgroup,sheisnowafamousHollywoodmoviestar.A)employmentB)careerC)occupationD)profession33.Withintwoweeksofarrival,allforeignershadtowiththelocalpoliceA)inquireB)consultC)registerD)profession34.Consideringyoursalary,youshouldbeabletoatleasttwentydollarsaweek.A)putforwardB)putupC)putoutD)putaside35.Ashehasourpratience,we’llnotwaitforhimanylonger.A)tornB)wasted

C)exhaustedD)consumed.j36.TheseteacherstrytobeobjectivewhentheytheintegratedabilityoftheirstudentsA)justifyB)evaluateC)indicateD)reckon37.Mrs.Morris'sdaughterisprettyand,andmanygirlsenvyher.A)slenderB)lightC)faintD)minor38.TomorrowthemayoristoagroupofCanadianbusinessmenonatourofthecity.A)coordinateB)cooperateC)accompanyD)associate39.I'menoughtoknowitisgoingtobeaverydifficultsituationtocompeteagainstthreestrongteams.A)realisticB)consciousC)registerD)resolve40.Canyougivemeeventheclueastowherehersonmightbe?A)simplestB)slightestC)leastD)utmost41.NormanDaviswillberememberedbymanywithnotonlyasagreatscholarbutalsoasamostdelightfulandfaithfulfriend.A)kindnessB)friendlinessC)warmthD)affection42.Salariesforpositionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.A)legalB)optionalC)voluntaryD)temporary43.MostpeopleagreethatthepresentroleofwomenhasalreadyaffectedU.S.society.ithasaffectedthetraditionalroleofmen.A)AboveallB)InallC)AtmostD)Atlast44.Scienceandtechnologyhaveinimportantwaystotheimprovementofagriculturalproduction.A)attachedB)assistedC)contributedD)witnessed45.Asanactorhecouldcommunicateawholeofemotions.A)frameB)rangeC)numberD)scale46.Thisiswhatyoushouldbearinmind:Don'tasalaryincreasebeforeyouactuallygetit.A)hangonB)drawonC)waitonD)counton47.Theship'sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperatedinsteadofmechanically.A)artificiallyB)automaticallyC)manuallyD)synthetically48.Thelittlegirlwassofrightenedthatshejustwouldn'thergriponmyarm.A)loosenB)removeC)relieveD)dismiss49.Heneverarrivesontimeandmyisthathefeelsthemeetingsareuseless.A)preferenceB)conferenceC)inferenceD)reference50.Mrs.gmithwassoabouteverythingthatnoservantscouldpleaseher.A)speeificB)speeialC)preciseD)particular51.Lastnighthesawtwodarkenterthebuilding,andthentherewastheexplosion.A)featuresB)figuresC)sketchesD)images52.ItisobviousthatthisnewruleisapplicabletoeveryonewithoutA)exceptionB)exclusionC)modificationD)substitution53.HistemperandpersonalkyshowthathecanbecomeasoldierofthetopA)circleB)rankC)categoryD)grade54.Duringthelecture,thespeakeroccasionallyhispointbyrelatinghisownexperiences.A)illustratedB)hintedC)citedD)displayed55.Onlythosewhocantolosetheirmoneyshouldmakehigh-riskinvestments.A)maintainB)sustairtC)endureD)afford56,Hefoundthemediaattentionintolerableanddecidedtogoabroad.A)sufficientB)constantC)steadyD)plenty57.Therehasbeenacollisionanumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.A)composingB)consistingC)involvingD)engaging58.elephantsaredifthrentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtem-pers.A)CultivatedB)RegulatedC)CivilD)Tame59.Tendaysagotheyoungmaninfo~edhisbossofhisintentiontoA)resignB)rejectC)retreatD)replace60.Asoneoftheworld'shighestpaidmodels,shehadherface.forfivemilliondollarsA)deposiledB)assuredC)measuredD)insuredPartIVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaperYoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsinto