新编实用英语综合教程1(第四版)Unit1Hello,Hi教(学)案

Unit1Hello,HiUnitGoals1.Greetpeopleandgiveresponses:firstmeetingandmeetingagain2.Exchangepersonalinformation:name/address/telephonenumber/job/study3.Introducepeopletoeachother4.Meetpeopleattheairport5.Saygoodbyetoothers6.Sayhelloindifferentlanguages7.WriteabusinesscardWhatshouldyouknowabout1.Etiquetteofmeetingandintroducingpeople2.Etiquetteofexchangingbusinesscards3.BasicsentencestructuresSectionITalkingFacetoFace1.ImitatingMini-Talks2.ActingouttheTasks3.StudyingEmailInformationontheInternet4.FollowingSampleDialogues5.PuttingLanguagetoUseSectionIIBeingAllEars1.LearningSentencesforWorkplaceCommunication2.HandlingaDialogue3.UnderstandingaShortSpeech/TalkSectionIIITryingyourHand1.PracticingAppliedWriting2.WritingSentencesandReviewingGrammarSectionIVMaintainingaSharpEyePassage1:InformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageEnglishExpressionsBorrowedfromFrenchOverthelongyears,theEnglishlanguagehasborrowedagreatnumberofFrenchwordsorexpressions.SomeofthemhavebeensoabsorbedinEnglishthatspeakersmightnotrealizetheirorigin.Otherexpressionslike“fauxpas”haveretainedtheir“Frenchness”,withwhichspeakerstendtosoundmodern.Theseexpressionsareoftenwritteninitalics.ThefollowingareafewFrenchexpressionswhicharecommonlyusedinEnglish.1.FauxPas:Itreferstoasociallyawkwardortactlessact,afoolishmistake,somethingthatshouldnotbedone.失礼2.aupair:Aforeignfemalestudentwhoworksforafamily(cleaningand/orteachingthechildren)inexchangeforroomandboard.帮助料理家务换取住宿的外国女学生3.Bonappétit:TheclosestEnglishequivalentis“Enjoyyourmeal”.用餐愉快4.espritdecorps:Itissimilarto“groupspirit”or“morale”.团队精神5.rendez-vous:InEnglishitmeans“goto”.Itcanbeusedasanounoraverb.约会6.RSVP:ThisabbreviationstandsforRépondez,s'ilvousplaît,whichmeans“Respond,please”.敬请回复7.bonvoyage:awayofsayinggoodbyeandwishinggoodluck一路平安TheBusinessCard:aSocialFauxPasYou,likemostpeople,probablyhavebeeninsuchasituationwhereyouarebeingaskedforabusinesscard,andwhilereachingforit...and...oops...“I'msorry,Imustbeoutatthemoment”or“theymustbeinmyotherbag”or“Ileftthemattheoffice,I'msorry,”andtheconversationcontinuesonwithsomesortofstoryabouthowthis“neverhappenstome”or“IknewIwasforgettingsomethingthismorning...”Missedconnectionsaremissedopportunitiesforbusiness.Businesscardsareausefulmarketingtool,andaneasyonetohavewithyouatalltimes.Nothavingyourcardscanbeseenasbeingunpreparedtomarketyourselfandyourbusiness.Don'tstartthatnewcontactleavingthemthinking“thatpersonisalreadyunprepared”.“Neverleavehomewithoutit...”Therearesomanythingsweoftenhavetorememberinthisgo-goworldwearelivingin…butyourbusinesscardsshouldALWAYSbewithyou.Hereareafewtipsforyoutogotakecareofthisrightnow,soyoudon'tgetcaughtinthissituation:✧Ifyoudon'thaveajob,getNetworkingCards.✧Ifyouareemployed,andhaven'thadnewcardsin2ormoreyears,itcouldbetimeforanupdate:infoupdateandphotoupdate...✧Perhapssetagoalofhandingout5cardsaday.✧Practicewhatyouwillsaywhenhandingthemout.Onadailybasis,therearesomanyopportunitiestodoso.Grocerystorelines,coffeeshops,waitingonyourcarwash,meetings,andeventhedogpark!✧Askyournetworktonetworkwithandforyoualsobyhandingoutafew!Worksmarter,notnecessarilyharder!LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Para.2)Missedconnectionsaremissedopportunitiesforbusiness.Analysis:Missedisaverb'spastparticipleusedhereasanadjective.Therepeateduseofthesamewordcouldbringoutastrongereffect.Translation:错失了联系就错失了商机。Example:Canabrokenheartbebrokentwice?2.(Para.2)Nothavingyourcardscanbeseenasbeingunpreparedtomarketyourselfandyourbusiness.Analysis:Nothavingyourcardsisagerundphraseusedasthesubjectofthesentence.Notisputinfrontofthegerundtomakeitsnegativeform.Beingunpreparedisalsoagerundusedasthesubjectcomplement.Translation:不带名片可被视为没有做好推介自己和推销业务的准备。Example:Nottryingatallismuchworsethantryingwithoutsuccess.3.(Para.2)Don'tstartthatnewcontactleavingthemthinking“thatpersonisalreadyunprepared”.Analysis:Leavingthemthinkingisaparticipialphrase,indicatingaconcomitant(伴随的)adverbialofresult.Translation:千万别在开始新的交往时就让人觉得“这家伙就没打算同我交往”。Example:Let'ssteerourshipwithhope,leavingfearbehind.4.(Para.2frombottom)Askyournetworktonetworkwithandforyoualsobyhandingoutafew!Analysis:Thewordnetworkisrepeatedtomakeanemphasis.Noticethatthefirstnetworkisanounwhilethesecondaverb.Thesentencecanbere-writtenas“Askyournetworktonetworkwithyouandnetworkforyoualsobyhandingoutafewofyournamecards.”Translation:请求你所结交的人同你一起联络并为你发出几张名片！Example:Tosawasawwithanothersaw.Tocanacanintoanothercan.2ImportantWords1.marketv.engageinthecommercialpromotion,sale,ordistributionof(在市场上)推销e.g.Thecompanyismarketingitsnewlineofbeautyproducts.Thefirmmarketsvariouskindsofhouseholdappliances.2.unprepareda.lackingintellectualequipment无准备的;不愿意的e.g.Heisstillunpreparedtostandonhisownfeet.Studentsfromthesouthareoftenunpreparedforthecoldclimate.3.go-goa.energeticandactive精力充沛的;活跃的e.g.Heattractedagroupofgo-goyoungtorunhiselection.Youcanneverstoponceyoustepintothisgo-gosociety4.tipn.ausefulpieceofadvice提示,小贴士e.g.ThebookshowshowtoprepareaCVandgivestipsonapplyingforjobs.Herearesomeusefultipsforcentralheating.5.employv.engageorhireforwork雇用，聘用e.g.Thejointventure(合资企业)employsnearlyathousandworkers.Iprefertogetemployedinastate-ownedcompany.6.updatev.bringuptodate;supplywithrecentinformation更新,获取最新信息e.g.Ournewneighborisupdatedthekitchenintheoldhouse.Thein-servicetrainingcenterisforpeopletoupdatetheirspecialknowledge.InformationRelatedtotheReadingPassageMajorLanguageFamiliesHerearetwolistsofthetoptenlanguagefamilieswithwiderecognitionintermsofnumbersofnativespeakers(withtheircoregeographicareas)andintermsofnumbersoflanguages.InTermsofNumbersofNativeSpeakers1.Indo-Europeanlanguages(Europe,SouthwesttoSouthAsia,America,Oceania)2.Sino-Tibetanlanguages(EastAsia)3.Niger-Congolanguages(Sub-SaharanAfrica)4.Afro-Asiaticlanguages(NorthAfricatoHornofAfrica,SouthwestAsia)5.Austronesianlanguages(Oceania,Madagascar,SoutheastAsia)6.Dravidianlanguages(SouthAsia)7.Altaiclanguages(CentralAsia)8.Austro-Asiaticlanguages(SoutheastAsia)9.Tai-Kadailanguages(SoutheastAsia)10.Japoniclanguages(Japan)InTermsofNumbersofLanguages:1.Niger-Congo(1514languages)2.Austronesian(1268languages)3.Trans-NewGuinea(564languages)4.Indo-European(449languages)5.Sino-Tibetan(403languages)6.Afro-Asiatic(375languages)7.Nilo-Saharan(204languages)8.Pama-Nyungan(178languages)9.Oto-Manguean(174languages)10.Austro-Asiatic(169languages)HowtoGreetPeopleinDifferentLanguagesHaveyoueverstoppedtothinkabouthowmanypeoplearesaying“Hello”toeachothertoday,andinhowmanydifferentlanguages?Ifyouwanttosay“Hello”toeveryoneontheplanet,youwouldhavetolearnatleast2796languagesandgreetatleast6500000000people.Herearesomeofthewaysofsaying“Hello”aroundtheworld.HolainSpanish,CiaoinItalian,NihaoinChineseorBonjour/SalutinFrench,andmanymore!Soundshardtolearntosaysomany“Hellos”?Don’tworry!ItseemsthatnowadaystheEnglishword“Hello”isgettingacceptedinmoreandmorecultures.Besides,youcanfindsomeotherwaystogreetpeople,too.Hereisasimple,andamusing,waytogreetforeignerswhereveryoumighttravelaroundtheworld.Afriendofminewhotravelswidelydoesnotsay“Hello”,butshetriestolearntosay“Beautiful”inthelocallanguage.Shecanuseitto“greet”amotherholdingababy,orto“greet”anoldladywateringherflowers,orto“greet”alonelysalesmanshowingaphotoofhisfamily.Theabilityhasearnedherfriendshipallovertheworld.Sowhynot—whenevenonewordcanbringaboutsuchpleasure?Fun,isn’tit?Andwedon’tneedtopronouncethosedifferentlocalgreetingwordsaccurately.Withaheartysmile,itcanbewellunderstoodandappreciated.The“Beautiful”greetingislikesunlightthatmeltsthecoldnessbetweenpeople.Soinsteadofcomplainingaboutaforeigner’smisunderstandingandunfriendliness,let’slearntosay“Beautiful”inthelocallanguagewheneverandwhereveryoutravelaroundtheglobe!LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Para.1)Haveyoueverstoppedtothinkabouthowmanypeoplearesaying“Hello”toeachothertoday…Analysis:Stoptothinkmeanstostopwhateverisbeingdoneinordertothinksomethingover.Theinfnitivephrasetothinkindicatesthepurposeofstopping.Itisdifferentfrom“stopthinking”,whichmeansstoptheactionofthinking.Andthinkingistheobjectoftheverbstop.Translation:你是否曾留心考虑过，今天一天大约有多少人说“Hello”来互相问候？Example:Idon'tthinkthisisasmartway.Haveyoueverstoppedtothinkoutabetteridea?2.(Para.1)Ifyouwanttosay“Hello”toeveryoneontheplanet,youwouldhavetolearnatleast2796languages…Analysis:Theif-clauseseemsarealconditionalone,forwantisusedinsteadoftheunrealconditionalwanted.Butsubjunctivemoodisalsoimpliedbecausewouldisusedinsteadofwill,indicatinganalmostimpossibleactiontobecarriedout.Translation:如果你想对这个星球上每个人都道一声“Hello”，你就至少得学2796种语言。Example:Ifyouwanttomakeafriendeachday,youwouldhavetomakesome20thousandsoffriendsinyourlifetime!3.(Para.2)ItseemsthatnowadaystheEnglishword“Hello”isgettingacceptedinmoreandmorecultures.Analysis:Inthesentence,itseemsthatintroducesasubjectclauseandisgettingacceptedisinpresentcontinuoustenseandpassivevoice.Translation:似乎现在英语的“Hello”正在被越来越多的文化接受。Example:Itseemsthatinsteadof“beancurd”,theChinesetranslation“tofu”isgettingacceptedbymoreandmoreEnglish-speakingpeople.4.(Para.2)Hereisasimple,andamusing,waytogreetforeignerswhereveryoumighttravelaroundtheworld.Analysis:Theadjectivessimpleandamusingbothmodifythenounway.Thepurposeofputting“andamusing”betweentwocommasistohighlighttheadjective.Whereverintroducesanadverbialclausetomakeconcession,meaning“nomatterwhere”.Translation:这里介绍的是一种简单但很有趣的说法，能让你在旅行到世界各地时可以跟外国人打招呼。Example:Hereisanothersimple,andeffective,waytodealwithasuddenheadachewhereveryoumightbeandwheneveritcomesup.5.(Para.3)Sowhynot—whenevenonewordcanbringsuchpleasure?Analysis:Herewhynotisasimplifiedsentencetoemphasizethepositiveattitudetowardssomethingmentionedabove.Thedash—isusedtointroduceanexplanationorreason.Thewordsevenandsuchintheadverbialclauseareusedforemphasis.Translation:所以，既然用一个词就能带来这样的乐趣，为什么不这么做呢?Example:Bothsidesagreetohaveatalk.Sowhynot—whenpeacecanbeachievedinalessbloodyway?6.(Para.4)Soinsteadofcomplainingaboutaforeigner’smisunderstandingandunfriendliness,let’slearntosay“beautiful”inthelocallanguagewheneverandwhereveryoutravelaroundtheglobe!Analysis:Hereinsteadof(doingsomething)isatypicalEnglishwaytomeanthatsomeotherchoicethanthisoneispreferred.Inthissentence,thewritermeansthattolearntosay“beautiful”isbetterthanmerelycomplainingabout…Thisisaveryusefulpatterntoindicateone’spreferencewhentherearetwodifferentchoicestomake.Translation:因此，与其抱怨外国人的误解和不友善，不如在旅游世界各地时让我们去学会用当地语言说“真漂亮”这句话吧！Example:Soinsteadofcomplaining