Grammar and usageII 【基础梳理+随堂演练】 高一英语精讲课件（译林版2020必修第二册）

Unit2GrammarandusagePassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuousandpresentperfecttensesHowever,Bean

isalwaysbeaten

bysomestrangers.Beanisacureplant.PoorlittleBean

hasbeenbeatenformanyyears.PoorDoudoumaybebeaten

anytime.Tomorrow,Bean

willbebeaten

severaltimes.Beanwasbeaten

yesterdayagain.Bean

isbeing

beatennow.DoyouknowwhobeatlittleBean?Thepassivevoice⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Thebook__________(write)forchildren.⑵谈话的中心是动作的承受者。Mybike__________(steal)lastnight.⑶没有必要说出动作的执行者是谁。It___well_______(know)thattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

iswrittenwasstolenisknownThepassivevoiceBasicformofpassivevoice:be+donedifferenttensesunchangedbe+doneam/is/are

am/is/are+beinghave/has+been一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时shall/will+be一般将来时was/were

was/were+beingwould+behad+been情态动词+bewillhavebeen一般过去时

过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时将来完成时情态动词be+doneam/is/are

am/is/are+beinghave/has+been一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时shall/will+be一般将来时was/were

was/were+beingwould+behad+been情态动词+bewillhavebeen一般过去时

过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时将来完成时情态动词各种时态的基本形式(以肯定式动词do为例):基本时态被动语态一般现在时

一般过去时

一般将来时

过去将来时

现在进行时

过去进行时

现在完成时

过去完成时

情态动词

各种时态的基本形式(以肯定式动词do为例):基本时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时

一般将来时will/shallbedone过去将来时

现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时

现在完成时hasbeendone过去完成时

情态动词

各种时态的基本形式(以肯定式动词do为例):基本时态被动语态一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时was/weredone一般将来时will/shallbedone过去将来时wouldbedone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone现在完成时hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone情态动词情态动词bedone1.I__________(give)alaptopbymyfatheronmybirthdayyesterday.2.English__________(speak)allovertheworld.3.Thework______________(finish)tomorrow.4.Thenewbuilding_______________(build)now.5.Thenewroad____already_________(build).6.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting_____________(hold)thenextmonth.wasgivenisspokenwillbefinishedisbeingbuilthasbeenbuiltwouldbeheld—Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?—It______wellexceptforsomespellingmistakes.A.readB.isreadingC.isreadD.readsD。当动词read,cut,sell,wear,write,wash,lock等表示主语的某种性质且有状语修饰时,往往用主动形式表示被动意义。故答案为D。句意:—

你认为我的作文怎么样?—

除了一些拼写错误,文章读起来还不错。1、某些感官动词或系动词等后跟形容词、名词等可以表示被动意义,如:feel,look,smell,taste,sound等。主语通常是事物,且表示该事物本身具有某一固定特征。Thedishtastesdelicious.这菜味道好极了。Thelakesmellsterrible.这个湖散发出难闻的气味。2、“want,need,require,deserve+doing”表示被动意义。在这种情况下,句子的主语在逻辑上是doing的宾语。Yourhairneedscutting.你的头发需要剪了。Hisshoeswantmending.他的鞋子需要修补。当动词cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash,cook,lock,shut,draw等表示主语的某种性质且带状语修饰语时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。Thispenwriteswell.Thekindofclothwasheseasily.不及物动词或动词短语,如takeplace,occur,happen,breakout,giveout,runout,belongto,last等不用于被动语态。Necessitycreatespressureandforcesyouinventsomethingortomakeithappenortouseyourpotentiality.表示状态或特征的及物动词,如contain,hold,cost,fit,have,lack,resemble,suit等不用于被动语态。Mybraincan’tholdsomuchinformationatonetime.我的大脑一下子不能容纳这么多信息。当谓语动词的宾语是反身代词、相互代词、动名词（短语）、不定式（短语）时无被动语态形式。Thisgirlcan’tdressherselfyet.这个女孩还不能自己穿衣服。Tomenjoyslisteningtorockmusic.汤姆喜欢听摇滚乐。当及物动词leave,enter,reach等的宾语是表示地点和处所的名词时，不可变为被动语态。Robertenteredacollegethatautumn.Robert那年秋天进了大学。beworthdoing中用主动形式表达被动含义。Thebookisworthreadingagain.这本书值得再次阅读。Wecan’tlaughathim.→Hecan’tbelaughedatbyus.Timemustbemadefulluseof.一定要充分利用时间。由“动词+介词/副词”构成的动词短语,这类动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时不可去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。被动语态中的过去分词是谓语动词，表示动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，表示状态。Ifoundthewholeyardwascoveredwithsnow.(系表结构)Thehighwaywascoveredbythesnowandhadtobeclosed.(被动语态)由“get+及物动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态，叫get型被动语态。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一周治疗一次。Pleasehurryupandgetdressed.请赶快穿好衣服。1、Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone’sideasdeserve____.considerB.toconsiderC.consideringD.beingconsidered2、Whateveryouhavefoundthere,youshouldgiveitbacktowhomeverit______.isbelongedtoB.isbelongingtoC.belongedtoD.belongsto3、Thiskindoficecream_____likeacombinationofbananaandstrawberry.tastedB.istastedC.beingtastedD.tastesC。考查主动形式表示被动意义。deserve之后接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。句意:首先要保持开放的思想,因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。D。belongto没有被动形式,也不用于进行时态。根据句意可知此处应用一般现在时。故答案为D。D。系动词sound,smell,feel,taste,look等后跟名词、形容词等时,往往用主动形式表被动意义。故答案为D。句意:这种冰淇淋有种香蕉和草莓的混合味道。Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit________(come)onthemarketin1973.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit___________________(publish)in1973.

Tomydelight,I_______________________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.Shesaidthatthisskirt___________(feel)soft.

camewaspublishedhavebeenchosenfeltTask2：Fillintheblanks(tellactivefrompassive)5.DouKou,aChineseboywhohaswrittenthreebookstillnow,_____________(call)“theyoungestwriterintheworld”.It____________(say)thatthereareseveralthingsthatmustn’t_____________(do)whenyouvisitthetemple.AChineseboy_________DouKouhaswrittenthreebookstillnow.iscalledbedonecalledissaidTask3：Practice(tellpredicatefromNon-predicate)Thebuilding_____________(build)inthelastcentury.Thebuilding_____________(build)inthelastcenturyhasalonghistory.Doyouknowthechildwho___________(dress)inablueT-shirt?Doyouknowthechild__________(dress)inablueT-shirt?wasbuilt

built

is

dresseddressedTask3：Practice(tellpredicatefromNon-predicate)1.Theprofessorcameintothelecturehall,_________byagroupofstudents.2.Theprofessorwho_________byagroupofstudentscameintothelecturehall.3.Theprofessor_________agroupofstudentscameintothelecturehall.4.Theprofessor_________agroupofstudentsandcameintothelecturehall.A.followedB.followingC.wasfollowedD.isfollowed

ACBA1.—Theceremonyhasalreadystarted.—Look!Theflagis______now.A.beingraised

B.risenC.beingrose

D.raising2.Thethingstalkedaboutinthisreport______overa

yearago.

A.hadtakenplace

B.tookplaceC.havetakenplace

D.weretakenplace3.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____.A.isbeingrebuiltB.hasbeenrebuiltC.isrebuiltD.hasrebuilt4.Comeandsitdownbythefire.Yourhand______.A.feelssocold

B.isfeltsocoldly