山东省潍坊市振华中学2022-2023学年高二英语期末试题含解析

山东省潍坊市振华中学2022-2023学年高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Youcannotacceptanopinionofferedtoyouunlessitisbased_______factsandfigures.

A.against

B.on

C.through

D.for参考答案：B略2.Unwillingtogiveupslavery,theSouth_______fromtheUnionandsetupastateoftheirown,resultingintheAmericanCivilWar.

A.brokeaway

B.ranaway

C.escapedaway

D.cutaway参考答案：A3.We

only

foraboutfifteenminuteswhenJillaskedmetostopthecar.A.were;driving

B.had;driven

C.have;driven

D.had;beendriving参考答案：D4.Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t_____asyouexpect.A.runout B.breakout C.putout D.workout参考答案：D5.----IwonderwhySusanlooksworriedtoday.----I’mnotsure,butshe_____asmallaccidentdrivinghere.A.couldhaveB.mighthaveC.mighthavehadD.musthavehad参考答案：C6.–Whendidthemanagerdecidetoconstructthetheoryofmanagement?--Itwaslastmonth___________themanagementsystemsufferedfromadrawback.A.when

? B.that

C.which

? D.where参考答案：A试题分析：考查定语从句和强调句型。本句中when引导的定语从句修饰lastmonth，在第二句中后面省略了强调句型的后半句thathedecidedtoconstructthetheoryofmanagement。句意：—经理什么时候决定修订管理理论的？—是在上个月管理系统出现问题的时候，他才决定重新修订管理理论的。故A正确。【名师点睛】强调就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：1、去掉强调结构Itis(was)…that(who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较：1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.显然，句1去掉Itis…that…后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉Itis…that…后，句子变为youandTomdidn’tcomeyesterday.仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：1.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay____matters.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.this答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是Whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.表意完整。2.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。2、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when,where,why或how，而仍用that。试比较：Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentwhyhewaslate.(误),Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentthathewaslate.(正)。又如：1.Itwasnotuntilmidnight_____theyreachedthecampsite.A.that

B.when

C.while

D.as答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语untilmidnight而误选。2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.that

B.when

C.since

D.as答案A。该句强调时间状语从句afterhegotwhathehaddesired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。3、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:1.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoes

B.whathedoes

C.howitis

D.whatitis答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：itiswhatthatmakeshimsoexcited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome____Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.when

B.that

C.where

D.before答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not…until”句型：Jenniferdidn’trealizeshehadlostherkeysuntilshegothome.要强调时间状语untilshegothome，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。4、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用Itis…,表达过去时的各种形式时，用Itwas….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：1.ItisIwho/thatamanEnglishteacher.2.Itistheboywho/thatspeaksEnglishbestintheclass.3.ItwasonSundaythathegaveGeorgethisticket.4.Itisthelittlegirlwho/thathasbrokentheglass.5、强调句中的时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用Itisthat。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用Itwasthat。6、在复习中有可能把Itis/was…that句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况：1）、把具有实际意义的指示代词it后面接is/was…that误认为是强调句式。---Wheredidyougettoknowher?

---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where答案D。该句易误作强调句型，所以A是强干扰项。这里whereweworked是定语从句，修饰thefarm。It指“与她相识”这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D，因为平日教学老师一再强调，用强调句型时即使强调地点状语，也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用itwas…that强调句型的话，可改写为“ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.”2）、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。Itwastwentymilesfromourcitytothevillage____theaccidenthappened.A.that

B.when

C.then

D.where答案D。本题貌似Itwas…that强调句型，其实不然。句中It表示距离，where引导地点状语从句。3）、把Itis/was…that结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。1.TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis答案D。如果选A和C，指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容，选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选Itis后题干中出现了Itis…that结构，但这不是强调句型。很明显，题干中的that从句应是主语从句，所缺的是形式主语。7、强调句型Itis/was…that/who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词,应该用代动词do及其变形does或did，这三种形式常用在谓语动词之前，以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如：IdowishIcould.我真希望我能。Hedoeslookwell.他的确看起来气色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我给吓了一跳。考点：考查定语从句和强调句型7.____________jumpedintothefreezingrivertorescuethedrowninggirldeservedtobepraised.A.Anyone

B.Who

C.Whoever

D.

Nomatterwho参考答案：C8.Johnwasmade______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towash

B.washing

C.wash

D.tobewashing参考答案：A9.IamtryingtoworkouttheproblemandIwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldturnthemusicdown.A.that

B.this

C.it

D.you参考答案：C10.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirages,___theireducationthatcausemisunderstanding.A.nor

B.as

C.or

D.but参考答案：D11.Thescientistsarebeatingtheirbrainstryingto_______asolutiontotheproblem.A.comeabout

B.comeacross

C.comeout

D.comeupwith参考答案：D12.Progresssofarhasbeenverygood._____,wearesurethattheprojectwillbecompletedontime.

A.Therefore

B.However

C.Otherwise

D.Besides参考答案：A13.Marrygot

surprisewhensheturnedover

bookonherdesk..A.a;a

B.the;a

C.the;the

D.a;the参考答案：D略14.Whenhewasachild,he______watchTVwheneverhewantedto.

A.should

B.could

C.must

D.need参考答案：B15.BeinginvitedtotheHolyLandtotakepartintheChristmasDaycelebrationswasagreat______.

A.privilege

B.day

C.service

D.invitation参考答案：A16.Mybrotherwantstoleavethecompanyasitis

Iwouldliketoexpandit. A.unless B.since

C.before

D.while参考答案：D试题分析：考查连词词义辨析。A.unless除非；B.since自从---以来；C.before在---以前；D.while虽然，然而，当…时候，句意：我的同伴想想让公司很小，而我想扩大它。选D。17.Everystudentaswellasteacherswho______tovisitthemuseum______askedtobeattheschoolgateontime.A.is;is

B.are;are

C.is;are

D.are;is参考答案：D18.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson________shecouldturnforhelp.A.that

B.who

C.fromwhom D.towhom参考答案：D二、短文改错19.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）CoffeehousescanbeseenanywhereinAmerica.PeoplefromEuropeanbroughttheideawiththem.Sooncoffeebecametheleadingdrink.TodaypeopleinUnitedStatesdrinkmorecoffeethanpeopleinanyothercountries.Peoplewhodrinkcoffeeatbreakfast,atlunch,andbetweenmeals.Theydrinkthematworkandathome.Coffeeisdrankbypeoplearoundtheworld.Somepeoplelikecoffeewhatisveryblackandverystrong.Anotherpeoplelikecoffeewithcreamorsugar,orcreamandsugarwithit.Nowcoffeehasbecomeaworld-widedrink.参考答案：51.anywhere→everywhere

52.European→Europe53.in后加the54.countries--country55.去掉who

56.them→it

57.drank—drunk58.what→that/which

59.Another→Other60.with→in三、阅读理解20.Angerisgoodforyou,aslongasyoucontrolit,accordingtonewpsychologyresearch.AnewstudyfromCarnegieMellonUniversityshowsangermayhelppeoplereducethenegativeimpactsofstressandhelpyoubecomehealthier.

“Heregettingemotionalisnotbadforyouifyoulookatthecaseofanger,”saidJenniferLernerofCarnegieMellon.“Themorepeopledisplayanger,thelowertheirstressresponses.”Lernerstudied92UCLAstudentsbyaskingthemtocountbackfrom6,200.Theymustsayoutloudeverythirteenthnumber.Researchersdisturbedthembyaskingthemtocountfasteroraskthemotherquestions.Iftheymadeanymistakes,theyhadtorestartfromtheverybeginning.Manystudentsfeltdepressedaboutmakingsomanymistakesorgotangry.

Lernerusedahiddenvideocameraandrecordedalltheirfacialexpressionsduringthetest.Theresearchersdescribetheirreactionsasfear,angeranddisgust.

Otherresearchersrecordedthestudents’bloodpressure,pulseandproductionofahigh-stresshormone(荷尔蒙)calledcortisol.Peoplewhosefacesshowedmorefearduringtheexperimenthadhigherbloodpressureandhigherlevelsofthehormone.Bothcanhavelastingeffectssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病),heartdisease,depressionandextraweightgain.

Whenpeoplefeelfear,negativeimpactsincrease,butwhentheygetangry,thosenegativesgodown,accordingtothestudy.

“Havingthatsenseofangerleadspeopletoactuallyfeelsomepowerinwhatotherwiseismaddening(令人发狂的)situation,”Lernersaid.

LernerpreviouslystudiedAmericans’emotionalresponsetothe9?11terroristattackstwomonthsaftertheincident.Shefoundpeoplewhoreactedwithangerweremoreoptimistic.Thesepeoplearehealthiercomparedwiththosewhowerefrightenedduringtheevent.Soinmaddeningsituations,angerisnotabadthingtohave.It’sahealthierresponsethanfear.

71.Whatisthestorymainlyabout?

A.Thefindingsofnewpsychologyresearch.

B.Whatyoucandowithangerincertaincases.

C.Differenteffectsproducedbyangerandfear.D.Healthierresponsesinmaddeningsituations.

72.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“both”refertoaccordingtothepassage?

A.Fearandanger.

B.Bloodpressureandpulse.

C.Bloodpressureandcortisol.

D.Higherbloodpressureandhigherlevelsofthehormone.

73.Inwhatwaycanangerbebeneficialtopeople?

A.Byshowingtheiroptimisticside.

B.Byreducingtheirstress.

C.Byreducinghighbloodpressure.

D.Bytakingtheplaceoffear.

74.Theresearchersirritated(激怒)thestudentsby

_________.

A.recordingtheirperformancesecretly

B.askingthemtocountto6,200againandagain

C.disturbingthemandmakingthemstartalloveragain

D.criticizingthemwhentheymademistakes

参考答案：71---74ADBC略21.

●asheadofthestate，theQueenrepresentstheUKonvisitsabroadandinvitesotherworldleaderstovisittheUK.

●asheadofthearmedforce，onlytheQueencandeclarewhentheUKisatwarorwhenthewarisover.●asheadoftheChurchofEngland.●theQueenhastoreadandsignthegovernmentdocuments(文件)everyday.NotjusttheQueen，theroyalfamilyspendag