周二新机放送近期考试考生千万不要错过哦

2019820

新增 新增 新增 新增 第第2页共16PTE（2019820日更新发布 Describe IdentityTheory/同一论哲 DeclineofBees/蜜蜂的FishingIndustryinAfrica/非洲渔 CityofLondon/伦敦 第第8页共16DescribeThefollowinggraphisabouttemperatureandcarbondioxideforlastfourhundredthousandyears.Itisshowntheitemsincludetemperaturerelativetotoday,yearsbeforepresentandcarbondioxidelevel.Accordingtothisgraph,itcanbeseenthatthehighestvalueiscarbondioxidelevelnow,whichisaroundthreehundredandeightylppm.Onthecontrary,thelowestvalueistemperaturerelativetotodayfromnotfarawayfromnow,whichisaroundsixteenminusFahrenheit.Itisclearthatthenumberoffourhundredthousandyearsbeforepresentismuchhigherthanthatofthreehundredthousandyears,twohundredthousandyearsandonehundredthousandyearsbeforepresent.Inconclusion,thistrendwillcontinueintheMajorTransportationModesinthePast过去主要的交通Thisgraphshowsinformationofmajortransportationmodesinthepastwhichhad3majormodesintotal.Thefirstmodeishorsecarriageandbicyclewithanaveragespeed15mph(perhour)whichisfrom1500to1850.From1850to2000,we otivewithanaveragespeedof75mphandautomobileasmajortransportationmodes.Moreover,automobile's ethemajortransportationinmodernsociety.Inconclusion,it'sanelegantsummaryoftransportationmodes. Thegraphshowsinformationaboutthetrendoflifeexpectancyfromyear1888to2013.Tobeginwith,therearetwogendergroupstocompare:malesandfemales.Accordingtothegraph,forfemales,thelowestfigureisin1888whichisabout48years.Thehighestfigureisin2013ataround80years.Furthermore,formales,thelowestfigureis46yearsandthehighestfigureisataround75years.Incomparison,itiscleartoseethatlifeexpectancyforfemalesisalittlebithigherthanthatofmales.Toconclude,thistrendisgoingtocontinueinthefuture. Population/利 人Thelinegraphgivesinformationaboutpopulationgrowthfrom1901to2011.Accordingtothegraph,thenumberofpopulationisshownbytheyellow-shadedarea.In1901,thenumberofpopulationincreasedslowlyfromaround8,000in1901toabout10,000in1951.Afterthat,thepopulationincreasedmorerapidlyandreachedpeakpointaround32,000in2011.Inconclusion,thelinegraphgivesimportantinformationaboutpopulationgrowth.HeightinCentimeters/高度（厘米Thefollowinggraphisaboutadults’healthyBMIchart.Itisshownthattheitemsincludeheightinmetersandweightinkilos.Accordingtothisgraph,itcanbeseenthattheseisaredcolorarea,includingthetopleftpart,whichmeansextremeobese.Thereisalsoagreencolorarea,includingbottomrightpart,whichmeansunderweight.Itisclearthatthenumberofpinkcolorareaismuchhigherthanthatofbluecolorarea.Inconclusion,thetrendwillcontinueinthefuture.RepeatYoumustensureyoudonotincludetoomuchirrelevantWhatisthemosteffectivewayofinteractionbetweenteachersandstudents第第19页共16Wedidn'tmeantoaskhimtodoitbecausehecannotmanageToday,wewillbediscussingtheroleof PleasemakesureyoucorrectlyciteallthenecessaryResidenceHallisclosedpriortotheacademicbuildingclosingtimeintheMakesuretheFinancialDirectorknowsthefulldetailsofthePayAllprintersinthecomputerlabareoutofYoucanonlychooseonesubjectfromhistoryandI'dlikecheeseandtomatosandwichesonwhitebreadwithorangeThestudentservicecenterislocatedonthemaincampusbehindtheYourwatchisfast,youneedtoresetHistoryisnotasimplecollectionofdatesandPleaseexplainwhattheauthormeansbyWearerequiredtosubmittheassignmentbefore Curriculum/公民课LastmonthIpublishedalongsidemyannualreportasubjectreportonthedevelopmentofcitizenshipinschools.Thereportcelebratesthesuccessofsomeschoolsinimplementingthecitizenshipcurriculum.Itpraisesthoseschoolswheretherehavebeensubstantialdevelopmentsinthesubject,andwhichnowgoalongwaytowardsfulfillingnationalcurriculumrequirements.Inthereportwearecriticalofschoolswhichhavenottakencitizenshipseriously,eitherthroughreluctanceorlackofcapacitytomakeappropriateprovisioninthecurriculum.Citizenshipismarginalizedinthecurriculuminonefifthofschools.Itislesswellestablishedinthecurriculumthanothersubjects,andlesswelltaughtandsomecriticshaveseizedonthisasareasonforwantingtostepbackfromsupportingit.Yet,theprogressmadetodatebythemorecommittedschoolssuggeststhatthereasonsforintroducingcitizenshiparebothworthwhileandcanbefulfilled,giventhetimeandresources.Indeed,thosereasonsaregivenaddedweightbynationalandglobaleventsofthepastfewmonths.Whilenotclaimingtoomuch,citizenshipcanaddresscoreskills,attitudesandvaluesthatyoungpeopleneedtoconsiderastheycometotermswithachangingworld.Thereportcelebratessomeschoolimplementingcitizenshipinthecurriculum,criticizesotherschoolswhichhavenottakencitizenshipseriously.Citizenshipislessgood-establishedandlesswell-taughtthanothersubjects.Thereasonsforintroducingcitizenshiparebothworthwhileandcanbefulfilled.Citizenshipcanaddresscoresskills,attitudesandvaluesthatyoungpeopleneedtoconsider.TalentWarV22Ithinkthereisanintensecompetitionatthemomenttohirethemosttalentedandmostinlectuallyablepeople.ThereisatimewhenIthinkcompanieshavemanyoftheadventuresintheworld.Thatinvolvesthecompanies’world.Itwasthebosses’world.NowIthinkitreversesthecase.Wehaveashortageintalentbasewithincountriesandbetweencountries,haveanintensebattlebetweencompaniestohirethemosttalentedworkersandalsobetweencountries,whicharelookingtorecruittalentedyoungpeople,talentedyoungimmigrants.Wehavethissenseofimmigrantsbeingthingsthatcountriesarebattledtokeepout,andimmigrantswanttogetin,climbofthewalls.Ithinktheoppositeisn’tthatthecase.Andthetopicisthatcountriesaretryingtolurebrightyoungpeopletogetthemtogotouniversitiesandgetthemto eimmigrants.So,onmanylevels,talentisapremium.Thereisashortageoftalent,andsocountries,companies,allsortsoforganizations,ofcourse,volunteerorganizationsaswellas,arecompetingtohirethebestandthebrightest.Youknowwehaveababy-boompopulationwhichisaging.Wehaveaneconomywhichis ingmoresophisticated.Andso,forallthosesortsofreasons,talentisapremium.Asthereisanintensecompetitioninthemarketplacewheremostcountriesaretryingtolurebrightyoung,talentedandinlectuallyablepeople,thereisashortageoftalentandallsortsoforganizationsarecompetingtohirethebestandthebrightestpeople.Furthermore,agingproblemcausedbybaby-boompopulationandsophisticatedeconomyarethereasonswhytalentisapremium.IdentityTheory同一论哲学Andtheninthe1950s,philosophershadthisnovelideathatperhapsthemindisjustidenticalwiththebrain.OK?Andthishadoccurredtophilosophersbefore,andsohappen,ithappenedaroundthesametimethefirstdepartmentofneurosciencestartedforminglikeMITinSandfordsofor.Butbasically,thereisacoupleofphilosophersbotheducatedhereatOxfordPlace(1956)andSmart(1959),andtheymadetheclaimthatthemindjustisthebrain.Sothatistheidentitytheoryandwithidentity,identityinlogicisthestrongestrelation.WhenyouhaveidentitybetweenAandB,youdon'thavetwothings,youhaveonething.Alright?Sonowwheneveryoutalkaboutmentalevents,youaretalkingaboutbrainevents.Maybewhenyoutalkaboutbrainevents,youaretalkingaboutmentalevents.Sothat'stheidentitytheory.Andit’sverypopularandit’sbasicallytheideathatpropertiesarejustpropertiesofthePhilosophershadanovelideathatthemindisidenticalwiththebrain.PhilosophersthateducatedinOxfordPlace(1956)andSmart(1959)madetheclaimthatthemindisjustthebrain.Theidentitytheoryinlogicisthestrongestrelation.Whentalkaboutmentalevents,youaretalkingaboutbrainevents.Theideaofmentalpropertiesbeingjustpropertiesofthebrainispopular.DeclineofBees/So,variousconclusions.Yes,beesareindecline.Thesedeclinesarewelled,theyarereal,andreportedbygood,strongscientificevidence.Ittheonlyevidencethatcounts.Thedrivestodeclinearemany.Theyarevarieddependingonspecies.Thefactofpollinatorlosscouldbeabsoluyhuge.Soisitacatastrophe?Notyet,butitcouldbe.Onthepositiveside,we'reawareoftheproblem,awarethisisbeingraisedwithtime,andpeoplearetakingactionsfast.We'verecognizedtheproblem.Andthat,atleast,isbeingdone.Thewell- edandrealscientificevidenceshowthesignofadecreaseinthenumberofbees.Thedriversofthesedeclinesvary,dependingondifferentspecies.Thelossofpollinatorcouldbehugeandcatastrophic,whichwasnotyetbeenproved.Butthepositivesideisthatpeopleareawareofthisandaretakingactionstofixit.FishingIndustryinAfricaInmyview,it'simpossibletotalkaboutwildlife,andnotthinkaboutitsroleinlivelihood.AndIguesspartofthatismyownview,partoftheresearchthatIdoinAfrica.Inmosteastern-westAfrica.Ilookarole,allthehumansrelyonwildlifeasthesourceoffood,andalsothesourceof e.Andwetalkaboutourwildlife,itseemswetalkaboutfish,wearetalkingaboutwhatprobablythesinglemostimportantsourceofproteinforhumanthatacrosstheglobe.And,so,billionsof,ormorethanabillionofpeoplerelyonfishastheirprimarysourceofanimalprotein,andmostofthesepeoplelivinginpoverty.Sothemanagementoffishresourceofwildlifeinthatsensecausingincrediblyimportanttolivelihoodsandhealth.Andalso,wildlifetourismisthemultiplebilliondollarindustry,andinmanyplaces,suchasAfrica,SouthAmerica,itcanbetheNo.1sourceof e,itcanbetheNo.1sourceofforeign eforeconomies.WildlifehasanimportantroleinthelivelihoodinEast-WestAfrica,wherepeoplerelyonwildlifeasthesourceoffoodand e.Fishisthemostimportantsourceofproteinforhumanacrosstheglobe.Sincebillionsofpeoplerelyonfishastheirprimarysourceofanimalprotein,themanagementoffishisimportanttolivelihoodsandhealth,andwildlifetourismisalsoamultiplebilliondollarindustry.Diasporas/侨Diasporas–communitieswhichliveoutside,butmaintainlinkswith,theirhomelands–aregettinglarger,thickerandstronger.Theyarethehumanfaceofglobalization.Diasporaconsciousnessisontherise;diasporasare ingmoreinterestedintheirorigins,andorganizingthemselvesmoreeffectively;homelandsarerevisingtheiropinionsoftheirdiasporasarethestigmaattachedtoemigrationdecline,andstepuptheirengagementefforts;meanwhile,hostcountriesarewitnessingmoreassertivediasporicgroupswithintheirownnationalcommunities,worryingaboutfifthcolumnsandforeignlobbies,andsufferingoutbreaksof‘diasporaphobia’.Thistrendistheresultoffivefactors,allofthemconnectedwithglobalization:thegrowthininternationalmigration;therevolutionintransportandcommunicationstechnology,whichisquickeningthepaceof‘diasporas’interactionswiththeirhomelands;areactionagainstglobalhomogenizedculture,whichisleadingpeopletorethinktheiridentities;theendoftheColdWar,whichincreasedthesalienceofethnicityandnationalismandcreatednewspaceinwhichdiasporascanoperate;andpolicychangesbynationalernmentsonissuessuchasdualcitizenshipandmulticulturalism,whichareenablingpeopletoleadtransnationallives.Diasporassuchasthoseattachingto ,RussiaandMexicoarealreadybig,buttheywillcontinuetogrow;migrationflowswhichfeedthemarelikelytowidenandquickenintheDiasporas,wholiveoverseasbuthavestrongconnectionwiththeirhomelands,areinglargerandtheyaretheconsequenceofglobalization,andthistrendiscausedbyfivefactors,includingthegrowthininternationalmigration,therevolutioninreactionagainstglobalhomogenizedculture,theendoftheColdandthepolicychangesby Whowouldhavethoughtbackin1698,astheydownedtheirespressosthatthelittlebandofstockbrokersfromJonathan’sCoffeeHouseinChangeAlleyEC3wouldbethefounder–membersofwhatwould etheworld’smightymoneycapital?Progresswasnotentirelysmooth.TheSouthSeaBubbleburstin1720andthecoffeehouseexchangesburneddownin1748.AslateasBigBangin1986,whenbowlerhatswerefinallyhungup,youwouldn’thavebetthefarmonLondonsurpassingNewYork,FrankfurtandTokyoasMammon’sinternationalnexus.Yetthe325,000soulswhooperateintheUKcapital’sfinancialhubhavenowovertakentheirNewYorkrivalsinsizeofthefundsmanaged(includingoffshorebusiness);theyhold70%oftheglobalsecondarybondmarketandtheCitydominatesforeignexchangetrading.Anditsinstitutionspaidout£9billioninbonusesinDecember.TheSquarehasnowspreadbotheastwardsfromEC3toCanaryWharfandwestwardsintoMayfair,wheremanyoftheprivate-equity‘locusts’andtheirhedge-fundpalsnowhangout.Forforeignersinfinance,Londonistheplacetobe.IthasnoSarbanes-Oxleyandnoeurotoholditback,yetthefactthatitstillfliessohighisagainsttheodds.Londonisoneofthemostexpensivecitiesintheworldtolivein,transportsystemsgroanandthere’sanever-presentthreatofterroristattack.But,forthetimebeing,thedealsjustkeepongettingbigger.London,theworld’smightymoneycapital,hasnowovertakenitsrivalsinthesizeofthefundsmanagedand etheglobalsecondarybondmarket,surpassingNewYork,FrankfurtandTokyo,anditisagreatplacetobeforforeignersworkinginfinance,butitisoneofthemostexpensivecitiesintheworldtolivein,especiallytransportcosts. Prohibition/红酒In1920,theEighteenthAmendmenttotheUnit