初中英语阅读理解之猜词技巧

阅读技能训练——猜测词义Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?

AFrenchstudentgoestoLondonforhisholiday.HeknowsalittleEnglish,buthecan’tspeakitverywell.Onedayhegoestoarestaurant.Hewantstohavesomeeggs,buthecan’tremembertheEnglishwordfor“egg”.

Helooksaroundandseesapictureof

ahen.Heshowsthepicturetothewaiter.“Whatdoyoucall

herchildren?”heasks.“Chicks,sir.”“Andwhatdoyoucall

chicksbeforethey’reborn?”“

Eggs,sir.”“Verywell,”saystheFrenchstudent.“Giveme

twoeggs

andacupoftea,please”.Ifyoumeetthenewwordswhenreading,whatwillyoudo?Paynoattentionandcontinuereading.Lookthemupinthedictionary.

Guessthemeaning.

How?阅读理解题目的设置方式理解词句含义型

考查内容多为名词、动词、词组甚至句子。英语中很多单词和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵，掌握大量单词和习语是重要的，但语言是活的东西，做这类题时，考生应尽可能通过上下文猜测词义，即利用所熟悉的词或短语和上下文已知的部分来进行合理推理，有时还需要依据常识和经验。（1）Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans___.（2）Theunderlinedword“…”inthepassagerefersto__.（3）Inthestorytheunderlinedword“…”means____.（4）Here“…”means____.（5）Theexpression/phrase“…”means____.（6）Theword“…”iscloseinmeaningto____.1.Iwillnotmakefriendswithadishonest

person.2.Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwas

speechless.3.Ifsomeathletesusedrugs,itisunfairtotheothers.一根据构词法猜词

首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等。小结dis+honestspeech+less说不出话的un+fair利用构词法进行猜测根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心)→careful(小心的)→carefully(小心地);write(写)→rewrite(改写)。un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;re-:-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;2.根据“合成词”猜测。如school+bag→schoolbagdown+stairs→downstairs不无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人Thewaysofguessingthenewwordsincontext:1.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle——thatis,itwillbreakeasily.2.Thepurposeofthecampaignwastocatch“ringers”,studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents.3.Acalendar

isalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.二根据释义猜词

释义常由定语从句或由…is,or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,becalled，beknownas等词汇或破折号来表示。小结脆的冒名替考者日历三根据同义词关系猜词

Herepliedquickly,butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahasty

decision.2.Yourideasareso

nebulousthattheyarenotcleartome.小结

and,or,suchas,like,forexample,forinstance常连接同义词组。匆忙的不清楚的四根据对比和转折关系1.Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool,thenoondaysunwastropical.

2.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.表转折关系的词常有but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,though等。小结热的恶化1.Theclockissoaccuratethatitwillneverloseasecondinmorethan200millionyears.

2.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.徒劳的，无效的五根据因果关系猜词精确的小结常用关联词如:because，as，since，for，so，asaresult,so,so…that,such…that等表示前因后果。六根据生活常识或经验

1.Intheolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyofdowry.2.Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thentherewillbeadrought.3.Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.嫁妆旱灾爬行,滑行生活常识对比转折因果关系同义词构词法定义上下文Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?Let’stry!1.…Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeaway