精读 第四单元

LessonFourTheBoyandthebankOfficer9.happentodo

v.tooccurbychanceExample:1.Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalledyesterday.2.Ihappentoknowsomethingaboutmedicine,sohecouldnotfoolme.3.Whenthefirebrokeout,Ihappenedtobepassingby.PhrasesandEhefirstplace

1.usedattheendofasentencetotalkaboutwhysth.wasdoneorwhetheritshouldhavebeendoneornot（用于句尾，谈论某事为何或是否应该做）究竟，到底，当初，起初

2.usedatthebeginningofasentencetointroducethedifferentpointsyouaremakinginanargument(用于句首)第一，第二等等PhrasesandExpressionsExamples:Istilldon’tunderstandwhyyouchosethatnameinthefirstplace.Ishouldneverhavetakenthatjobinthefirstplace.Inthefirstplace,Idon'twanttogo,andinthesecondplaceIcan’taffordto.WordStudy1.

account

n.anarrangementthatyouhavewithabanktopayinortakeoutmoneyExample:Mysalaryispaiddirectlyintomybankaccount.①takeaccountofsth./oaccount:toconsiderorincludeparticularfactsordetailswhenmakingadecisionorjudgmentaboutsth.Example:Thesefiguresdonottakeaccountofchangesintherateofinflation.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy1.

account②onaccountof:becauseofsth.else,especiallybecauseofaproblemordifficultiesExamples:1.Hecan’trunveryfastonaccountofhisinjuredleg.

2.ThePresidentdeclinedtodeliverthespeechhimself.Onaccountofasorethroat.WordStudy2.authorityn.1.thepoweryouhavebecauseofyourofficialpositionorbecausepeoplerespectyourknowledgeandexperience2.(theauthorities)organizationsthatareinchargeofaparticularcountryorareaExamples:1.Noneofusquestionedmyfather’sauthority.2.BritishpoliceareincooperationwiththeMalaysianauthorities.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudythevoiceofauthority:awayofspeakingthatmakespeoplerespectyouExample:Williamspokeinthevoiceofauthority.WordStudy

n.

Example:

Youmustpayattentiontotheteacher.Don’tletyourattentionwander.Shewavedherhandtoattract/catchmyattention.Ifyoudistracthisattention,I’llslipoutoftheroomwhenheisn’tlooking.Smallchildrenhaveaveryshortattentionspan.Helikestobethecenterofattention.May/CanIhaveyourattention,please?

2.attention1.wearanexpressionof

v.

withExample:Petralookedatherplatewearinganexpressionofdisgust.2.

PhrasesandExpressions1.dismayn.

astrongfeelingoffear,worryorsadnessthatiscausedbysth.unpleasantandunexpected

Example:Helookedatherindismay.Toherdismay,hernamewasnotonthelist.Thenewshasbeengreetedwithdismaybylocalbusinessleaders.Theywerefilledwithdismaybytheoutcomeofthetrial.

v.tomakesb.feelshockedanddisappointedExample:Hewasdismayedatthechangeinhisoldfriend.

PhrasesandExpressions1.

2.turnto

v.tomove(partof)one’sbodyorheadsoastoface(sb.orsth.)

Example:1.Sheturnedtolookbackathimasshegotontheplane.2.Sheturnedtolookatme.PhrasesandExpressions1.

2.turntosb./sth.v.togotosb./sth.forhelp,advice,comfort,etc.Examples:1.Onecanalwaysturntomusicforcomfort.2.Heturnedtohisnotesfortheexactfigures.3.Inhisdesperation,heturnedtodrink.Ifyouturntoaparticularpageinabookormagazine,youopenitatthatpage.PhrasesandExpressions3.thinktwice

v.

tothinkverycarefullybeforedecidingtodosth.,becauseyouknowaboutthedangersorproblems

Example:

1.Youshouldthinktwiceaboutemployingsomeoneyou’venevermet.2.Ishouldthinktwicebeforeacceptingthatoffer;itsoundsrathersuspicious4.

PhrasesandExpressions4.asto

prep.

1.accordingtoaparticularstandardorprinciple依照2.concerning至于，关于

Examples:

1.Thefabricswerearrangedastosizeandcolor.2.Hewasveryuncertainastowhetheritwastherightjobforhim.PhrasesandExpressionsWordStudy1.

opening

n.1.agoodopportunitytodosth.2.ajobthatisavailableExamples:1.Hercapabilitieswerealwaysthere;allsheneededwasanopeningtoshowthem.2.TheschoolhasanopeningforanEnglishteacher.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.moveinforsth.

v.

to

becomeactiveindoingsth.Example:Imovedinforthekill.PhrasesandExpressionsTobecontinuedonthenextpage.5.

moveinonsb./sth.

v.to

approachsb./sth.esp.inathreateningwayExample:

Thepolicemovedinontheterrorists.PhrasesandExpressions6.zeroinonsb./sth.

v.

a.

toaimguns,etc.atorfindtherangeof(aparticulartarget)Example:Artilleryandmortarswerezeroedinonallavenuesofapproach.

b.

tofixattentiononsb./sth.;focusonsb./sth.Example:Weshouldzeroinonthekeyissuesfordiscussion.PhrasesandExpressions

You’rereallygettingcheated.(para.22) “Togetcheated”isanotherwayofsaying“tobecheated”withemphasisontheactionratherthanthestate.ItiscommonininformalEnglish.Noticethatthesentenceisinthepresentcontinuouspassive.

Example:JoegotarrestedfordrunkendrivinglastSaturday evening. Thepoorboysnevergotinvitedanywhere. Pleasegivemefiveminutes:Imustgetchanged.

SentenceParaphrase11goto12WordStudy1.

protestabout/against/atsth.

Examples:1.Studentstooktothestreetstoprotestagainstthedecision.2.Theyprotestedaboutthebadfoodatthehotel.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordSerfere

v.

todeliberatelygetinvolvedinasituationthatdoesnotconcernyouandinawaythatannoyspeopleExample:Iwishyoustopinterfering—you’vecausedenoughproblemsalready.theinterferingoldbusybody爱管闲事的老家伙Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy3.damn

adj.(onlybeforenoun)spokenusedtoshowthatyouareangryorannoyedwithsb.orsth.Example:

Ican’tgetthisdamnbuttonundone.

adv.

usedtoemphasizehowgoodsth.is,howbadsth.is,etc.Example:We’vebeensodamnbusyallday;I’mshattered.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy3.damn

damnwell:usedtoemphasizehowdeterminedorsureyouareaboutsth.Example:Idamnwellwillgo,andI’dliketoseeanyonetryandstopme!Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudyn.

(spoken)①notgiveadamn:usedtoshowthatyoudonotcareaboutsth.Example:

Idon’tgiveadamnabouther.②notworthadamn:usedtosaythatsth.hasnovalueatallExample:

Herpromiseisn’tworthadamn.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudyv.①damnyou/them/it,etc.:usedtoshowhowyouareextremelyangrywithsth.orsb.Example:Damnyou!Ifyouthinkyoucandothistome,youarewrong!②tostatethatsth.isverybadExample:Thecriticsdamnedtheplayonthefirstnight.

WordStudy1.

inform

rmab.of/aboutsth.:totellsb.aboutsth.especiallyinanofficialwayExample:1.Iwasn’tinformedofthedecisionuntiltoolate.2.Heaskedallhismentokeephiminformedoftheprogram'sprogress.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy7.neighborhood

n.allthevarioushomesandbusinessesinasmallareawithinalargertownorcity-hood(innoun)thestateort