祈使句的直接引语和间接引语

CommandAndRequestGrammar祈使句的直接引语和间接引语丹寨民族高级中学Whatisthedifferenceamongthesentencesbelow:Openthewindow.Pleaseopenthewindow.Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?Commands(命令):

Do/Don’t…….Requests(请求):

Do……,pleaseCanyou……?Couldyou…..?Willyou…….?Wouldyou……?Decidewhetherthesesentencesarecommand(命令)orrequest(请求).Closethedoorplease.Getmesomethingtodrink.Takethedogforawalk.Canyouspeaklouder?Wouldyoucleanyourroom.Watchout!Keepsilent!Pleasedon’tleaveme.(command)(command)(command)(command)(request)(request)(request)(request)“Openthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacher

told

thestudents

to

openthe

window.

2.“Don’topenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacher

told

thestudents

notto

openthe

window.Command表示命令的祈使句直接引语变间接引语

句型：tell/ordersb(not)todosth1)“Openthedoor.”hesaid.2)“Putupyourhand,Lily,”hesaid.3)“Bequiet.”Theteachersaidtothestudents.Hetold/orderedmetoopenthedoor.Heordered/toldLilytoputupherhand.Theteachertold/orderedthestudentstobequite.Exercises4)“Don’tsleepinclass.”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottosleepinclass.5)“Don’tlaughatothers.”hisparentssaid.Hisparentstoldhimnottolaughatothers.6)“Don’ttouchanything.”shesaidtohim.Shetoldhimnottotouchanything.“Openthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoopenthewindow.2.“Don’topenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.Request表示请求的祈使句的变成间接引语句型：

ask/begsb(not)todosth1)“Pleaseopenyourbook.”theteachersaid.Theteacheraskedmetoopenmybook.2)“Pleasedon’tleaveme.”shesaidtohim.Shebeggedhimnottoleaveher.Exercises4)“Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?”hesaid.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.5)“Tom,mayIborrowyourpen?”shesaid.SheaskedTomtolendherhispen.3)“Pleaseturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.”theteachersaidtohim.Theteacheraskedhimtoturnoffthelightswhenhelefttheclassroom.注意：

●表示建议、劝告的祈使句，变为间接引语时还可以用：

advisesb(not)todosth

suggestdoingsth1.Shesaidtous,“Pleasehavearest.”Sheadvisedustohavearest.2.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothefilm.”

Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.

●表示警告、提醒的祈使句，变为间接引语时还可以用：

remindsb(not)todosth

warnsb(not)todosth

1.“Keepoutthegrass,”shesaidtothechildren.

Sheremindedthechildrentokeepoutthegrass.2.Theoldmansaid,“Don’tsmokeinthehall.”Theoldmanwarnedmenottosmokeinthehall.

祈使句变为间接引语的规律(没有时态的变化)一改（主句谓语动词）二变（呼语变宾语）三加（动词前加to）四去（去掉委婉语气的标志please等）SummarySummarytellsb(not)todosth让某人（不）做某事ordersb(not)todosth命令某人（不）做某事commandsb(not)todosth命令某人（不）做某事warnsb(not)todosth警告某人（不）做某事remindsb(not)todosth提醒某人（不）做某事asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不）做某事begsb(not)todosth乞求某人（不）做某事requestsb(not)todosth请求某人（不）做某事advicesb(not)todosth建议某人（不）做某事祈使句变为间接引语的句型总结1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.

→He______me_____thewindow.

A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closing

C.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleasecloseExercises2.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;don’tdoC.told;don’tdoD.told;nottodo3.“Don’tputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim___putiton___hat.A.don’t,hisB.don’t,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her感叹句的直接引语变间接引语Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”Shesaidwhatalovelydayit

was.Shesaidthat

it

wasalovelyday.Hesaid,“HowhappyIam!”Hesaidhowhappyhe

was.Hesaidthat

he

washappy.既可以what或how引导，也可以用that引导。总结：直接引语变间接引语1.陈述句：连接词用that,且在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。2.一般疑问句：连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动asked。用陈述语序。3.特殊疑问句：用原句中的疑问词作连接词，用陈述语序。4.祈使句：ask/tell/order/…sbtodosth5.感叹句：连接词既可以用what/how,也可以用that总结：直接引语变间接引语1.人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。2.时态的变化：往前推一个时态，变成与过去相关的某种时态。（祈使句不变时态）3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化。1.Thepolicemanwarnedthedrive________socarelessly.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.tonotdriveD.doesn’tdrive2.Theofficeorderedhissoldiers________.A.tostandstillB.tonotstandstillC.notstandstillD.standstillExercises

3.----HeaskedTom,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework？”----HeaskedTom

.A.ifhadhefinishedhishomework.B.whetherhehadfinishedhishomework.C.ifheh