【课件】高一英语衔接教育：时态语态

恩施市一中高一英语衔接教学之时态语态Readandtranslatethesentences我一般早上7点钟起床。我昨天早上7点起的床。明天我要7点起床。昨天我决定了我要7点就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7点我正在起床。我已经起床了昨天7点我已经起床了。thinkHowmanytypesofverbformswillbeusedifyoutranslatethesesentences?Whatarethey?1.Iusuallygetupat7:00inthemorning.2.Igotupat7:00amyesterday.3.Iwillgetupat7:00amtomorrow.4.Yesterday

IdecidedthatIwouldgetupat7:00am.5.Iamgettingup.6.Iwasgettingupat7:00amyesterday.7.Ihavegotup.8.Ihadgotupby7:00amyesterday.我一般早上7点钟起床。我昨天早上7点起的床。明天我要7点起床。昨天我决定了我要7点就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7点我正在起床。我已经起床了昨天7点我已经起床了。Translatethesentences我一般晚上八点钟看电视。他们每周回家一次。我们通常在家里做作业。

IalwayswatchTVat8:00intheevening.Theygohomeonceaweek.

Weusuallydoourhomeworkathome.1.一般现在时simplepresenttense4.他住在贫困的发展中国家。5.我的工作是教学生英语。

Helivesinapoordevelopingcountry.MyjobistoteachthestudentsEnglish.1.一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态,时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。6.太阳总是从东边升起。7.光比声音快。

Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.2.表客观现实或普遍真理。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.CorrectthemistakesIamliveinasmallvillageinthewestofChina.Heislikefootballverymuch.sgrow,rice,thesouthofChina,inRicegrowsinthesouthofChina.Let’spractisegotoschool,LiPing,often,afterbreakfast.Lipingoftengoestoschoolafterbreakfast.gotowork,car,by,she,often,onfoot,insteadof.

Sheoftengoestoworkbycarinsteadofonfoot.2.一般过去时simplepasttense1）一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays，theotherday.等连用。2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.过去时＋宾语＋…Iwasastudent16yearsago.IwenttoBeijinglastyear.Theysawafilmlastnight.Themayorinspectedourschoolyesterday.连词成句Anoldfriendofmine,theotherday,meet,I

Imetanoldfriendofminetheotherday.They,attheparty,time,have,good,a,yesterday.Theyhadagoodtimeatthepartyyesterday.He,enjoy,did,hewasyoung,when,playingchess?Didheenjoyplayingchesswhenhewasyoung?Makeasmanysentencesaspossibleinpasttense.SuchsentencesareOKWeinvitedMr.Dutogiveusalecture.ProfessorDugaveusawonderfulspeechyesterday.Allofusweregreatlyimpressedbyhisspeech.ProfessorDuwasinbusinesssuitandlookedfriendly.3.一般将来时futuretenseHewillbebackintwoweeks.Iamgoingtoshowyouamovienextweek.Istheregoingtobeameetingtomorrow?表示将要发生的动作或状态begoingto+v表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。IamflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.

Thebusiscoming.

I’mleaving.表示在最近按计划或安排要发生的动作。用现在进行时表示将来。常用的动词有：go,come,start,leave,arrive,fly.beaboutto＋V.原形也表示即将Iamabouttoleaveschool.Notallofthefollowingsentencesareright.Why?Theyareabouttosetout.()Theyareabouttosetoutsoon.()Theywereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorainheavily.()√x√Taskworkingroupsanddiscuss:

Sinceyouhavebecomeaseniormiddleschoolstudent,howwillyouspendtheschooldays?Samplesentences:Asaseniormiddleschoolstudent,Iwillgetalongwellwithmyclassmatesandmyteachers.Iwilltrymybesttomakemyschoollifemeaningfulbytakingpartinvariousactivities.What’smoreimportant,Iwillspendmostofthetimestudyinganddevotemyselftoachievingmygoal.4.过去将来时pastfuturetenseHesaidtheywouldgoforadrivetomorrow.Hesaidhewasgoingtomendhiscartomorrow.JimsaidhewouldvisithisunclenextSaturday.

nowfuturepastHesaidthat…Hetoldmethat…5.现在进行时(presentcontinuoustense)Youarelisteningtomecarefullynow.Sheiswritingaletterthisyear.Look!Theyaredancing.WearestudyingEnglishatpresent.It’sraininghardnow.Whatconclusionscanwedraw?1)现在进行时表示现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。通常与now,atpresent等时间状语连用。2)基本结构：主语+be(am,is,are)+v-ing+…和come,goleave,start,arrive…等词连用,表示即将发生的动作.I’mseeinghimtomorrow.我准备明天看他Whatareyoudoingnextweek?你下周打算干什么?练习1(用括号内词组回答问题)Whatareyoudoingnow?(readabook)(walkthroughthepark)(openabottle)(drinktea)(havelunch)(lookatsomepictures)练习2(将every改为now/today,改写下列句子并翻译)即:一般现在时转换为现在进行时示例:Igotomyofficeeveryday.Iamgoingtomyofficenow.Heeatsriceeveryday.Hewearsabluedresseveryday.Theworkerscomeherebybuseveryday.Idosomeexerciseseveryday.Mybrotherdoesnotlistentotheradioeveryday.6.过去进行时(pastcontinuoustense)Readandfindrulesfromthefollowingsentences1.Itwasrainingat7:00thedaybeforeyesterday.2.Theywerebuildingapowerstationatthistimelastwinter.3.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.rules表示过去某一时刻或某阶段时间正在进行的动作，通常与at6:00yesterday,atthis/thattimeyesterday,when引导的时间状语等连用。基本结构主语+be(was/were)+v-ing+…Exercisechangethefollowingsentencesintoquestions1.Theywerebuildingareservoiratthistimelastwinter.2.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.7.现在完成时presentperfecttenseI’vefinishedthiswork.HehaseverbeentoAustralia.Ihavenotheardfromherrecently.Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.我已经完成了这工作。2.

他曾经去过澳大利亚。3.最近我没有收到他的来信。4.我已经看过这本书。构成形式（theform）主语+have/has+P.P(动词过去分词)Practisemakingsentencesinthepresentperfecttense.Givenwords:stop,cryThebabyhasstoppedcryingandbeguntosmile.连词成句：live,for3years,I,inthiscity,theway,know,have,IIhavelivedinthiscityfor3years,soIknowtheway.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Ihavehadabigbreakfast.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thesmallhousehasbeencoveredbyheavysnow.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thevillagehasbeenflooded.Arethesesentencesright?Ihaveboughtthebookfor3days.Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years.Hehasdiedfor2years.注：含有终止意义或短暂意义的动词不能与for,since引导的时间状语连用。×××CorrectsentencesIboughtthebookthreedaysago.Ihavehadthebookforthreedays.Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.Hedied2yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor2years.ReadthesentencesandunderlinetheverbformsWhenIgottothecinemayesterdaythefilmhadalreadybegun.HehadlearnedEnglishbeforehecamehere.Hehadtaughtthisclassfor3yearsbythetimeIlefttheschool.BytheendoflasttermIhadlearned2000Englishwords.8.过去完成时（thepastperfecttense）表示过去的过去CompletethefollowingsentencesShe__________theworldchampionshipfordozensoftimesbythetimesheretired.(win)hadwonCompletethefollowingsentencesHe______________beforethespringfestivalcame.(useup)hadusedupallhismoneyCompletethefollowingsentencesShe______________beforeshewas12.(read)hadreadmanybooks8种基本时态一般现在时

simplepresenttense一般过去时

simplepasttense一般将来时

futuretense过去将来时

pastfuturetense现在进行时

presentcontinuoustense过去进行时

pastcontinuoustense现在完成时

presentperfecttense过去完成时

pastperfecttenseTimelineFuturepresentpastPastperfectPresentContinuousPastContinuousPresentPerfect语态（voice）语态主动语态(activevoice)被动语态(passivevoice)I

teach

English.He

speaks

English.Our

English

is

taught

by

MissWan.English

is

spoken

in

many

countries

all

over

the

world.主语是谓语动词的执行者主语是谓语动词的承受者观察主语与谓语动词之间的关系Whenshouldweusepassivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。如：Theglassisbroken.Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.3.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：Ihaveanewmotorbike.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyfather.4.在新闻报道中，为了表明报道的客观性而避免主观性的透露时。如：Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Threemenwerekilled,thewoundedweretakenawaytohospitalatonceandpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.被动语态的各种形式一般现在时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Peopleallovertheworldplayfootball.2.Myparentsaskmetotakecareofmyself.3.Allthepeoplethinkhighlyofyou.Footballisplayedbypeopleallovertheworld.Iamaskedtotakecareofmyself.Youarehighlythoughtofbyallthepeople.自己总结它的构成形式吧一般过去时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thekingbuiltthetemplein1958.Thefiredestroyedallthehouses.Thetemplewasbuilt(bytheking)in1958.Allthehousesweredestroyed(bythefire).自己总结它的构成形式吧一般将来时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wewillbuildmorefactoriesinourcity.Hermotherwilltakehertohospitaltomorrow.ProfessorLiisgoingtosettlethisproblem.Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.Shewillbetakentohospital(byhermother)tomorrow.ThisproblemisgoingtobesettledbyProfessorLi.Nowdoyouknowthestructure?现在进行时Thevillagersarebuildingaroadaroundthemountain.Astrangerisfollowinghim.Theteacherisshowingafilmtothestudents.Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.Heisbeingfollowedbyastranger.Afilmisbeingshowntothestudents.Whatconclusioncanyoudraw?过去进行时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thesoldiersweretrainingthestudentsthistimelastweek.ThetypistwastypingmyreportwhenIsawhim.Thestudentswerebeingtrainedthistimelastweek.MyreportwasbeingtypedwhenIsawhim.What’sthestructure?过去将来时CompletethesentencesTompromisedthathewouldmakenewprogress.Tompromisedthatnewprogress______________.Themanagertoldmethattheywouldinformmeassoonastheresultcameout.ThemanagertoldmethatI_______________.wouldbemadewouldbeinformed.Nowpleasewritedownthestructure.现在完成时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wehavemadetoomanymistakes.Thechildhaseatenupthenoodles.Ihavereadthenovelfor3times.Toomanymistakeshavebeenmade.Thenoodleshavebeeneatenup.Thenovelhasbeenreadfor3times.Haveyoufoundthestructure?过去完成时Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.BythetimeIarrivedtheyhadtakenawaythetiger.Whenpeoplerealizedtheimportance,theyhadalreadypollutedtherivertoomuch.Theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforetheywenthome.BythetimeIarrivedthetigerhadalreadybeentakenaway.Whentheyrealizedtheimportance,theriverhadalreadybeenpollutedtoomuch.Theirhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbeforetheywenthome.Pleasetellusthestructure.ActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseSimplepasttenseSimplefuturetensePastfuturetensePresentcontinuoustensePastcontinuoustensePresentperfecttensePastperfecttenseActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseshow/showsam/is/areshownSimplepasttenseshowedwas/wereshownSimplefuturetensewillshowwillbeshownPastfuturetensewouldshowwouldbeshownPresentcontinuoustenseam/is/areshowingam/is/arebeingshownPastcontinuoustensewas/wereshowingwas/werebeingshownPresentperfecttensehave/hasshownhave/hasbeenshownPastperfecttensehadshownhadbeenshown较特殊的被动语态1.含有情态动词的被动语态Thebaby-sittershouldtakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.Inthissense,wecanturnbadthingsintogoodthings.Inthissense,badthingscanbeturnedintogoodthings2.复合宾语的被动语态Wefoundthespeechboring.PeoplecallhimMr.Tiger.Theboymadetheteacherangry.Thespeechwasfoundboring.HeiscalledMr.Tiger.Theteacherwasmadeangry.3.使役动词和感官动词的被动语态Nobodymadehimstandthere.Isawhimenterthebuilding.Fewpeoplenoticedhimpassby.Hewasmadetostandthere

bynobody.Hewasseentoenterthebuilding.Hewasnoticedtopassby(byfewpeople).在使役动词have,make以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。4.主动形式表示被动含义1.feel.look.smell,taste,sound等系动词后面接形容词时Thedishtastesdelicious.Theapplesmellssweet.Thesurfaceofthetablefeels