Unit3-单元语法课件

语法点击实战演练Unit3单元语法课件语法点击在初中阶段，宾语从句是重要的语法点，与宾语从句有关的考点有很多，常见的有，考点1：宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三类，分别是that表陈述语气，通常可以省略。if/whether表疑问语气，意为“是否”。特殊疑问词常见的特殊疑问词有when,where,how,what,why等。宾语从句考点2：宾语从句必须用陈述句语序不论从句由什么引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句一律用陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”结构。如：Wedon'tknowwhenwilltheyarrive.(×)Wedon'tknowwhentheywillarrive.(√)Couldyoutellmewhoishewaitingfor?(×)Couldyoutellmewhoheiswaitingfor?(√)注意：特殊疑问词作主语时，如果语序本来就是“主语＋谓语”结构，则语序不再变化。如：Pleasetellme.Whowillgiveusatalkthisafternoon？(合并为一句)→Pleasetellme________________usatalkthisafternoon.

who

will

give

考点3：宾语从句在时态上应遵循时态呼应原则在宾语从句中，谓语动词时态要受到主句谓语动词时态的制约，一般要遵循以下三条原则：1．如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，则宾语从句可根据实际需要选用时态。如：Marysaysshewillcomebacksoon.Willyoutelluswhichplacesyouvisitedduringthevacation?2．如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句需要使用表示过去的某种时态。如：Hesaidthatheplayedcomputergameslastnight.Iknewshehadcleanedtheclassroomalready.3．如果宾语从句所表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等，多用一般现在时。如：Hesaidtimeismoney.Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.考点4：宾语从句的“否定转移”当主句的谓语动词为think,believe等词，且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词。如：Ithink.Shecan'tcome.(合并为一句)→Idon'tthinkshecancome.

考点5：宾语从句的简化结构由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句通常可以简化成“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，此时主从复合句也就变成了简单句，但简化必须符合以下两种条件：1．简单句的疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词；2．原从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语一致。Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.(改为简单句)→Idon'tknow____________________.what

to

do

next

考点6：含有宾语从句的复合句的反意疑问句1．陈述部分是“I/Wethink(know,believe,suppose,consider)＋that从句”或者是“I'm/We'resurethat;I'm/We'reafraidthat;I/Wehopethat;Itseemsthat”时，附加疑问部分的主语应和从句一致，但需注意否定前移的情况。如：Idon'tthinkheisright,____________？I'msurethatyouknowhimwell,______________？is

he

don't

you

2．如果主语是其他人称，附加疑问部分的主语和主句一致。如：Yourfatherbelievedyoucouldsucceed,______________？Katedoesn'tknowifJimisagoodsinger,______________？didn't

he

does

she

考点7：宾语从句中人称的变化注意宾语从句中人称代词的正确使用。一般遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。实战演练Ⅰ.单项选择(

)1.[2013·泸州]

Couldyoutellme________thecoolT­shirt?

A．whereyoubuyB．wheredoyoubuyC．wheredidyoubuyD．whereyouboughtD(

)2.[2013·济宁]—Doyouknow________？—Yes,Ido.Hewentbyskateboarding!A．whetherPaulwillgoornotB．whenwillPaulgotothepartyC．howPaulwenttothepartyD．howdidPaulgototheparty

C(

)3.[2013·潍坊]Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere________．A．thepostofficeisB．wasthepostofficeC．isthepostofficeD．thepostofficewasD(

)4.—Doyouknow________themanwithglassesis?—Areporter,Ithink.A．whatB．thatC．whoD．whereA[解析]根据答语可知问的是职业，故选A。(

)5.Couldyoutellme________？A．whattodoitB．whattodoC．howtodoD．whentodoB[解析]特殊疑问代词what作do的宾语，故A项不正确；疑问副词how，when不能作宾语，C、D两项错误，故选B。(

)6.—Couldyoupleasetellme________？—Yes.ThereisoneonCenterStreet.A．wherecanIbuysomestampsB．whenyouwilltakeyourvacationC．whenwasthetelephoneinventedD．ifthereareanygoodrestaurantsaroundhereDⅡ.将下列简单句合并为复合句1．WhereismyChinesebook?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______myChinesebook____．2．ShestudiesinLantianMiddleSchool.Janesays.Janesays______________inLantianMiddleSchool.3．DoyoustudyFrench?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme__________________French?where

is

she

studies

if

you

study

4．Washethefirsttocomehere?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme_______