2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题17-强调句

专题十七强调句重难点分析高考命题导向：“Itis/was...who/that...”强调句型是高考考查的重点内容之一。此句型可强调主语、宾语、状语。如果要强调谓语，用do/does/did+动词原形。高考通常考查强调句与几个易混句型连词的使用和强调句的问句。一、相关句型构成的强调句陈述句的强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其他部分。如：ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.他是昨天遇见李平的。一般疑问句的强调句型同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。如：WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?他是昨天遇见李平的吗？特殊疑问句的强调句型被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分？Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?你是何时何地出生的？not.until.句型的强调句A.句型为：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhiswifecameback.强调句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till,until可通用。谓语动词的强调A.Itis/was...that...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did。如：Dositdown.务必请坐。Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。二、强调句型注意事项一览表

1强调主语时，其后的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致Itishewho/thatoftendoesgooddeeds.是他经常做好事。ItisIwho/thatamlookingforyou.是我找你。2被强调部分除了指人时连词可用who/whom之外，其他情况下只能用thatItisthebookthatIwant.这是我要的书。3not...until...句型的强调句ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIrealizedmymistake.=NotuntilyoutoldmedidIrealizemymistake.=Ididn'trealizemymistakeuntilyoutoldme.直到你告诉我，我才意识到自己的错误。4与主语从句（Itis/was...that-clause）的区别Itistrue/afactthattheywonthegame.（it是形式主语）他们赢得了比赛是事实。（去掉Itwas.that后句子已不完整）ItwasinXiamenthatIfirstmethim.是在厦门我第一次遇到他。（强调句特点：去掉Itwas.that后句子仍完整）5与"Itbe...before（时间过多久才......）/since（自......以来多长时间了）句型”的区别Itwastwohoursbeforeheworkedouttheproblem.两个小时后他才算出这道题。Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军已两年了。6与"Itbe.when/where定语从句”的区别Itwasin1919thathewasborn.（强调句）他于1919年出生。Itwas1919whentheMay4thMovementtookplace.（定语从句）五四运动发生于1919年。ItwasinBeijingthatImethim.（强调句）我在北京遇到他的。ItwasBeijingwhereImethim.（定语从句）我在北京遇到了他。注意：在美国英语中，强调句强调事物时常用which来代替that。考点练透一、单句填空根据句意用适当的关联词填空。ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.Itistheabilitytodothejobmatters,notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.ItisyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.ItwasOctobertheyfinallycamebacktotheirhometown.ItwasinthelabthatwastakenchargeofbyProfessorLitheydidtheexperiment.Itwillbemorethan100yearsthecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbefore.isitthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday?Ihavealreadyforgottenitwasthatyouputthedictionary.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn'tmatteritisthatIamtalkingto.Itwashedidfrightenedme.二、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Animalsmayalsobecomeextinctthroughdirectdestruction.Thisincludesthehuntingandcapturingofanimals.Humanshavealwayshuntedandkilledwildlife1earlyhumanslivedmoreinharmonywithnature,2_killedanimalsforessentialslikefoodandclothing.Whenguns3(invent),massdestructionofspecieswaspossible.Animalshavebeen,andstillare,killed4meat,clothing,medicines,feathers,eggs,trophies(战利品),touristsouvenirs—andsometimesjustforamusement.Somespeciesarestillcapturedinthewildforthelivepettrade,eventhough5numbersaredecreasing.The6(extinct)ofatleast500speciesofanimalshasbeencausedbyman,mostoftheminthiscentury.Todaythereareabout5,000endangeredanimalsandatleastonespeciesdiesouteveryyear.Thereareprobablymanymorewhichbecomeextinct7anyoneknowing.8mainthreatstospeciesthencanbecitedaspoaching(非法狩猎)，habitatlossandclimatechange.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturehasitsown"redlist”ofendangeredspecies9(range)from"leastconcern”throughto"criticallyendangered”.Itistheirassessment10wewillrefertohere.助读词汇extinctadj.extinctadj.灭绝的essentialsn.生活必需品assessmentn.评估massdestruction大规模杀伤referto涉及capturevt.捕获souvenirn.纪念品inharmonywith与和谐becitedas被称为criticallyendangered极度濒危三、佳作欣赏下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有强调结构，用心体会其用法。Anoldmanfishedbytheriverandhewassoskillfulthatsoonhisbasketwasfulloffish.Alovelychildcamebyandtheoldmanwouldliketogiveallhisfishtohim,butthechildrejected.Surprised,themanaskedforthereasonandthechildsaid,"Iwouldliketotakeyourfishpole,becausethisbasketoffishwouldsoonbeeatenup,butwiththefishpole,IcancatchfishmyselfwheneverIwanttoeatfishallmylife.”Thelittlechildthoughtthathecouldgetfishjustwiththefishingtool,butactuallyitistheskilltofishthatisthekeytocountlessfish.Soratherthansimplytakethetools,weshouldalwayslearnthewayto“fish”inourlife.参考答案考点练透一、单句填空1.that2.that3.since4.when5.that6.before7.What8.where9.who10.what;that二、语法填空本文作者向我们介绍物种灭绝的原因以及濒危动物面临的状况。but空的前后是两个分句，故填连接词。根据两句间的关系可知，此处存在一个转折关系，故填but。they缺少主语填代词。they在此指代前面的earlyhumans。wereinvented分析句子成分可知，动词invent作谓语，故只需要考虑时态和语态。根据上下语境可知时态是一般过去式‘invent与主语guns存在被动关系。故填一般过去式被动语态wereinvented正确。for表目的用介词for。或者根据下文andsometimesjustforamusement.Somespeciesarestillcapturedinthewildforthelivepettrade也可知。their分析句子成分可知numbers在此作主语，但这到底是"谁的数量”？不清楚。所以需要填一个形容词性物主代词。此处their指前面的Somesp