法律英语词汇

法律专业词汇内容：律师、诉讼、民事、商事、刑法、行政、劳动与社会保障一、律师部分案件受理费courtacceptancefee案情重大、复杂importantandcomplicatedcase案由causeofaction案子case包揽诉讼monopolizelawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件);theaccused(用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent;defendant本地律师localcounsel毕业证diploma;graduationcertificate辩护词defense;pleadings辩护律师defenselawyer辩护要点pointofdefense辩护意见submission财产租赁propertytenancy裁定书order;ruling;determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admittedevidence;establishedevidence草拟股权转让协议draftingagreementofassignmentofequityinterests查阅法条sourcelegalprovisions出差goonerrand;goonabusinesstrip出国深造furtherstudyabroad出具律师意见书providinglegalopinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appearincourt传票summons;subpoena答辩状answer;reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agencyforsaleandtransferofrealestate代理仲裁agencyforarbitration代写文书draftingoflegalinstruments待决案件pendingcase当事人陈述statementoftheparties第三人thirdparty吊销执业证revocationoflawyerlicense调查笔录investigativerecord调查取证investigationandgatheringforevidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance法律专业词汇发送电子邮件sende-mail法律顾问legalconsultants法律意见书legalopinions法律援助legalaid法律咨询legalcounseling法庭division;tribunal法学博士学位LL.D(DoctorofLaws)法学会lawsociety法学课程legalcourses法学硕士学位LL.M(MasterofLaws)法学系facultyoflaw;departmentoflaw法学院lawschool法院公告courtannouncement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师realestatelawyer;realpropertylawyer非合伙律师associatelawyer非诉讼业务non-litigationpractice高级合伙人seniorpartner高级律师seniorlawyer各类协议和合同agreementsandcontracts公安局PublicSecurityBureau公司上市companylisting公诉案件public-prosecutingcase公证书notarycertificate国办律师事务所state-runlawoffice国际贸易internationaltrade国际诉讼internationallitigation国内诉讼domesticlitigation合伙律师partnerlawyer合伙制律师事务所lawofficeinpartner-ship;cooperatinglawoffice合同审查、草拟、修改contractreview,draftingandrevision会见当事人interviewaclient会见犯罪嫌疑人interviewacriminalsuspect兼职律师part-timelawyer监狱prison;jail鉴定结论expertconclusion缴纳会费membershipdues举证责任burdenofproof决定书decision勘验笔录recordofrequest看守所detentionhouse抗诉书protest控告人accuser;complainant跨国诉讼transnationallitigation劳动争议labordisputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitrationcommitteeforlabordisputes法律专业词汇劳改场reform-through-laborfarm;prisonfarm利害关系人interestedparty;partyininterest律管处处长directoroflawyercontroldepartment律师lawyerattorney;attorneyatlaw律师惩戒lawyerdiscipline律师法LawyerLaw律师费lawyerfee律师函lawyer’sletter律师见证lawyerattestation/authentication律师见证书lawyercertification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’sdocile;file律师刊物lawyer’sjournal律师联系电话contactphonenumberofalawyer律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm律师收费billingbylawyer律师网站lawyerwebsite律师协会NationalBar(Lawyer)Association律师协会会员memberofLawyerAssociation律师协会秘书长secretarygeneralofBar(Lawyer)Association律师协会章程ArticlesofLawyerAssociation律师业务室lawyer’soffice律师执业证lawyerlicense律师助理assistantlawyer律师资格考试barexam;lawyerqualificationexam律师资格证lawyerqualificationcertificate民事案件civilcase民事调解civilmediation民事诉讼civillitigation派出所localpolicestation;policesubstation判决judgment(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantialevidence企业章程articlesofassociation;articlesofincorporation;bylaw企业重组corporaterestructure起诉状information;indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会NationalLawyerCongress缺席宣判pronouncejudgmentordeterminationbydefault人民法院People’sCourt人民检察院People’sProcuratorate认定事实determinefacts上诉案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance;appellatecase上诉人appellant上诉状petitionforappeal涉外律师lawyersspeciallyhandlingforeign-relatedmatters申请复议administrativereconsiderationpetition法律专业词汇申请加入律师协会applicationforadmissiontoLawAssociation申请人petitioner;claimant申诉案件appealcase申诉人（仲裁）claimant;plaintiff申诉书appealforrevision,petitionforrevision实习律师apprenticelawyer;lawyerinprobationperiod实习律师证certificateofapprenticelawyer视听证据audio-visualreferencematerial适用法律applylawtofacts受害人victim书证documentaryevidence司法部MinistryofJustice司法建议书judicialadvise司法局JudicialBureau司法局副局长deputydirectorofJudicialBureau司法局局长directorofJudicialBureau司法统一考试uniformjudicialexam送达serviceofprocess诉讼litigation;action;lawsuit诉讼当事人litigationparty;litigiousparty诉讼业务litigationpractice诉状complaint;billofcomplaint;statementofclaim推销法律服务promote/marketlegalservice外国律师事务所foreignlawoffice委托代理合同authorizedrepresentationcontract委托代理人agent委托授权书powerofattorney物证materialevidence嫌疑人criminalsuspect项目融资projectfinancing项目谈判projectnegotiating刑事案件criminalcase刑事诉讼criminallitigation行政诉讼administrativelitigation休庭adjournthecourt;recess宣判pronouncejudgment;determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendanceinadvancedstudies一审案件caseoftrialoffirstinstance与国外律师事务所交流communicatewithforeignlawfirms原告plaintiff证券律师securitieslawyer证人证言testimonyofwitness;affidavit执行笔录executionrecord执业登记registrationforpractice执业范围scopeofpractice;sphereofpractice;practicearea法律专业词汇执业申请practiceapplication执业证年检annualinspectionoflawyerlicense仲裁arbitration仲裁案件arbitrationcase仲裁机构arbitrationagency专门律师specializedlawyer专职律师professionallawyer;full-timelawyer撰写法律文章writelegalthesis资信调查creditstandinginvestigation自诉案件privateprosecutingcase资信调查creditstandinginvestigation自诉案件privateprosecutingcase二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remandacase(toalowcourt)案件名称titleofacase案卷材料materialsinthecase案情陈述书statementofcase案外人personotherthaninvolvedinthecase案值totalvalueinvolvedinthecase败诉方losingparty办案人员personnelhandlingacase保全措施申请书applicationforprotectivemeasures报案reportacase(tosecurityauthorities)被告defendant;theaccused被告人最后陈述finalstatementoftheaccused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被上诉人respondent;theappellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人partyagainstwhomexecutionisfiled被执行人personsubjecttoenforcement本诉principalaction必要共同诉讼人partyinnecessaryco-litigation变通管辖jurisdictionbyaccord辩护defense辩护律师defenseattorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatoryevidence;defenseevidence辩论阶段stageofcourtdebate驳回反诉dismissacounterclaim;rejectacounterclaim驳回请求deny/dismissamotion法律专业词汇驳回诉讼dismissanaction/suit驳回通知书noticeofdismissal驳回自诉dismiss/rejectaprivateprosecution驳回自诉裁定书rulingofdismissingprivate-prosecutingcase补充答辩supplementaryanswer补充判决supplementaryjudgment补充侦查supplementaryinvestigation不公开审理trialincamera不立案决定书writtendecisionofnocase-filing不批准逮捕决定书writtendecisionofdisapprovinganarrest不予受理起诉通知书noticeofdismissalofaccusationbythecourt财产保全申请书applicationforattachment;applicationforpropertypreservation裁定order;determination(指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdictionbyorder裁定书order;ruling裁决书award采信的证据admittedevidence查封sealup撤回上诉withdrawappeal撤诉withdrawalawsuit撤销立案revokeacaseplacedonfile出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidatingjudgment(fornegotiableinstruments)传唤summon;call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer;reply答辩陈述书statementofdefence答辩状answer;reply大法官associatejustices;justice大检察官deputychiefprocurator代理控告agencyforaccusation代理申诉agencyforappeal代理审判员actingjudge弹劾式诉讼accusatoryprocedure当事人陈述statementoftheparties当庭宣判pronouncementofjudgmentorsentenceincourt地区管辖territorialjurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediatePeople’sProcuratorate第三人thirdparty调查笔录recordofinvestigation定期宣判pronouncementofjudgementorsentencelateronafixeddate定罪证据incriminatingevidence;inculpatoryevidence冻结freeze督促程序procedureofsupervisionandurge独任庭sole-judgebench独任仲裁员solearbitrator法律专业词汇对席判决judgementinterparties二审trialofsecondinstance二审案件caseoftrialofsecondinsurance罚款imposeafine法定证据statutorylegalevidence法定证据制度systemoflegalevidence法官judges法警bailiff;courtpolice法律文书legalinstruments/papers法律援助legalaid法律咨询legalconsulting法庭辩论courtdebate法庭调查courtinvestigation法庭审理笔录courtrecord法庭审理方式modeofcourttrial法庭庭长chiefjudgeofatribunal法院court法院公告courtannouncement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answerwithcounterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminalsuspect附带民事诉讼案件acollateralcivilaction附带民事诉讼被告defendantofcollateralcivilaction复查reexamination;recheck复验reinspect高级法官seniorjudge高级检察官seniorprocurator高级人民法院HigherPeople’sCourt告诉案件caseofcomplaint告诉才处理的案件caseacceptedatcomplaint告诉申诉庭complaintandpetitiondivision工读学校work-studyschoolfordelinquentchildren公安部MinistryofPublicSecurity公安分局publicsecuritysub-bureau公安厅publicsecuritybureauatthelevelsofprovinces公开审理trialinpublic公开审判制度opentrialsystem公示催告程序procedureofpublicsummonsforexhortation公诉案件public-prosecutingcase公诉词statementofpublicprosecution公证机关publicnotaryoffice共同管辖concurrentjurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助internationaljudicialassistance海事法院maritimecourt法律专业词汇合议庭collegialpanel合议庭评议笔录recordofdeliberatingbythecollegiatebench和解composition;compromise核对诉讼当事人身份checkidentityoflitigiousparties恢复执行resumptionofexecution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixedaction基层人民法院basicPeople’sCourt羁押期限termincustody级别管辖subjectmatterjurisdictionofcourtsatdifferentlevels监视居住livingathomeundersurveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorialpower检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorialcommittee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outposttribunalofprocuratorate简易程序summaryprocedure鉴定结论expertconclusion经济审判庭economictribunal径行判决directadjudicationwithoutsessions;judgementwithoutnotice纠问式诉讼inquisitionalproceedings拘传summonbyforce;summonbywarrant拘留所detentionhouse举报information/reportofanoffence举证责任burdenofproof决定书decision开庭审理openacourtsession开庭通知noticeofcourtsession勘验笔录recordofinquest看守所detentionhouse可执行财产executableproperty控告式诉讼accusatoryproceedings控诉证据incriminatingevidence控诉职能accusationfunction扣押attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期periodofgrace劳动争议仲裁申请书petitionforlabordisputearbitration劳改场reform-through-laborfarm劳教所reeducation-through-laboroffice类推判决的核准程序procedureforexaminationandapprovalofanalogicalsentence累积证据cumulativeevidence立案报告placeacaseonfile立案管辖functionaljurisdiction立案决定书writtendecisionofcase-filing法律专业词汇立案侦查reportofplacingacaseonfile利害关系人interestedparty临时裁决书interimaward律师见证书lawyer’swrittenattestation;lawyer’swrittenauthentication律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm律师提前介入priorinterventionbylawyer免于刑事处分exemptionfromcriminalpenalty民事案件civilcase民事审判庭civiltribunal民事诉讼civilaction民事诉讼法CivilProceduralLaw扭送seizeanddeliverasuspecttothepolice派出法庭detachedtribunal派出所policestation判决judgement;determination判决书judgement;determination;verdict(指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantialevidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approvalofarrest破案clearupacriminalcase;solveacriminalcase破产bankruptcy;insolvency普通程序general/ordinaryprocedure普通管辖generaljurisdiction起诉filingofalawsuit起诉sue;litigate;prosecute;institutionofproceedings起诉状indictment;information区县检察院grassrootsPeople’sProcuratorate取保候审thebailpendingtrialwithrestrictedlibertyofmoving缺席判决defaultjudgement人民调解委员会People’sMediationCommittee认定财产无主案件casesconcerningdeterminationofpropertyasqwnerless上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petitionforappeal少管所juvenileprison社会治安综合治理comprehensivetreatmentofsocialsecurity涉外案件casesinvolvingforeigninterests涉外民事诉讼foreigncivilproceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreigncriminalproceedings申请人applicant;petitioner申请书petition;applicationforarbitration申请执行人executionapplicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’saffidavitofauthenticity申诉书appealforrevision;petitionforrevision神示证据制度systemofdivinityevidence神示制度ordealsystem法律专业词汇审查案件casereview审查并决定逮捕examineanddecidearrest审查起诉阶段stageofreviewandprosecution审理通知书noticeofhearing审判长presidingjudge审判长宣布开庭presidingjudgeannouncecourtinsession审判管辖adjudgement/trialjurisdiction审判监督程序procedurefortrialsupervision审判委员会judicialcommittee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitionalproceedings生效判决裁定legallyeffectivejudgement/order胜诉方winningparty省市自治区检察院higherPeople’sProcuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declarationofdisappearanceanddeath实（质）体证据substantialevidence实物证据tangibleevidence实在证据realevidence示意证据demonstrativeevidence视听证据audio-visualevidence收容所collectingpost;saferetreat首席大法官chiefjustice首席检察官chiefprocurator受害人的近亲属victim’simmediatefamily受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registrationformofacceptanceofcriminalcase受送达人theaddressee书记员courtclerk书记员宣读法庭纪律courtclerkreadscourtrules书证documentaryevidence司法部MinistryofJustice司法警察judicialpolice司法局judicialbureau司法协助judicialassistance死缓的复核judicialreviewofdeathsentencewitharetrieve死刑复核程序procedureforjudicialreviewofdeathsentence死刑复核权competenceforjudicialreviewofdeathsentence送达serviceofprocess送达传票serviceofsummons/subpoena送达诉状serviceofbillofcomplaint搜查search诉sue;suit;action;lawsuit诉前财产保全propertyattachmentpriortolawsuit诉讼litigation;lawsuit;sue;action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigiousparticipants法律专业词汇诉讼代理人agentadlitem诉状complaint;billofcomplaint;stateofclaim特别程序specialprocedures提起公诉instituteapublicprosecution铁路法院railwaycourt铁路检察院railroadtransportprocuratorate庭审程序procedureofcourttrial通缉wantedforarrest投案appearance退回补充侦查returnofacaseforsupplementaryinvestigation委托辩护entrusteddefense未成年人法庭juvenilecourt无行政职务的法官associatejudge无正当理由拒不到庭refusetoappearincourtwithoutduecause无罪判决acquittal,findingof“notguilty”物证materialevidence先予执行申请书applicationforadvancedexecution先予执行advancedexecution刑事案件criminalcase刑事拘留criminaldetention刑事强制拘留criminalcoercive/compulsorymeasures刑事审判庭criminaltribunal刑事诉讼criminalproceedings刑事诉讼法CriminalProceduralLaw刑事自诉状self-incriminatingcriminalcomplaint行政案件administrativecase行政审判庭administrativetribunal行政诉讼administrativeproceedings行政诉讼法AdministrativeProceduralLaw宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件casesconcerningthedeclarationofdisappearanceanddeath宣判笔录recordofrenditionofjudgement选民资格案件casesconcerningqualificationsofvoters询问证人inquire/questionawitness训诫reprimand讯问笔录recordofinterrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogatecriminalsuspect言词证据verbalevidence要求传唤证人申请书applicationforsubpoena一裁终局arbitrationawardshallbefinalandbinding一审trialoffirstinstance一审案件caseoftrialoffirstinstance应诉通知书noticeofrespondencetoaction有罪判决sentence;findingof“guilty”予审pretrial原告plaintiff院长courtpresident法律专业词汇阅卷笔录recordoffilereview(bylawyers)再审案件caseofretrial再审申请书petitionforretrial责令具结悔过ordertosignastatementofrepentance债权人会议creditors’meeting侦查阶段investigationstage侦查终结conclusionofinvestigation征询原、被告最后意见consultingfinalopinionoftheplaintiffanddefendant证据evidence证据保全preserveevidence证据保全申请书applicationforevidencepreservation证人证言testimonyofwitness;affidavit支付令paymentorder/warrant知识产权庭intellectualpropertytribunal执行程序procedureexecution执行逮捕executionofarrest执行和解conciliationofexecution执行回转recoveryofexecution执行庭executivetribunal执行异议objectiontoexecution执行员executor执行中止discontinuanceofexecution执行终结conclusionofexecution指定辩护appointeddefense指定仲裁员声明statementofappointingarbitrator中级人民法院intermediatePeople’sCourt中途退庭retreatduringcourtsessionwithoutpermission仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent;defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant;plaintiff仲裁庭arbitrationtribunal仲裁委员会arbitrationcommittee仲裁协议arbitrationagreement;clausesofarbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principalprocurator助理检察官assistantprocurator助理审判员assistantjudge专门法院specialcourt专门管辖specificjurisdiction专属管辖exclusivejurisdiction追究刑事责任investigateforcriminalresponsibility自首confessiontojustice自诉案件private-prosecutingcase自行辩护self-defense法律专业词汇自由心证制度doctrineofdiscretionalevaluationofevidence自侦案件self-investigatingcase最高人民法院theSupremePeople’sCourt最高人民检察院theSupremePeople’sProcuratorate最后裁决书finalaward三、民事法律法律渊源sourceoflaw制定法statute判例法caselaw;precedent普通法commonlaw特别法speciallaw固有法nativelaw;indigenouslaw继受法adoptedlaw实体法substantiallaw程序法procedurallaw原则法fundamentallaw例外法exceptionlaw司法解释judicialinterpretation习惯法customarylaw公序良俗publicorderandmoral自然法naturallaw罗马法RomanLaw私法privatelaw公法publiclaw市民法juscivil民法法系civillawsystem英美法系systemofAnglo-Americanlaw大陆法系civillawsystem普通法commonlaw大陆法continentallaw罗马法系Romanlawsystem英吉利法Englishlaw衡平法equity;lawofequity教会法ecclesiasticallaw寺院法canonlaw民法法律规范normofcivillaw授权规范authorizationnorm禁止规范forbiddingnorm义务性规范obligatorynorm命令性规范commandingnorm民法基本原则fundamentalprinciplesofcivillaw平等原则principleofequality法律专业词汇自愿原则principleoffreewill公平原则principleofjustice等价有偿原则principleofequalvalueexchange诚实信用原则principleofgoodfaith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawfulact违法行为unlawfulact民事权利权利能力civilright绝对权absoluteright相对权relativeright优先权rightofpriority先买权preemption原权antecedentright救济权rightofrelief支配权rightofdominion请求权rightofclaim物上请求权rightofclaimforrealthing形成权rightofformation撤销权rightofclaimingcancellation否认权rightofclaimingcancellation解除权rightofrenouncement代位权subrogatedright选择权rightofchoice承认权rightofadmission终止权rightoftermination抗辩权rightofdefense一时性抗辩权momentaryrightofdefense永久性抗辩权permanentcounter-argumentright不安抗辩权unstablecounter-argumentright同时履行抗辩权defenserightofsimultaneousperformance既得权testedright期待权expectantright专属权exclusiveright非专属权non-exclusiveright人身权利personalright人权humanright人格权rightofpersonality生命健康权rightoflifeandhealth姓名权rightofname名称权rightofname肖像权rightofportraiture自由权rightoffreedom名誉权rightreputation隐私权rightofprivacy法律专业词汇私生活秘密权rightofprivacy贞操权virginityright身份权rightofstatus亲权parentalpower;parentalright亲属权rightofrelative探视权visitationright配偶权rightofspouse荣誉权rightofhonor权利的保护protectionofright公力救济publicprotection私力救济self-protection权利本位standardofright社会本位standardofsociety无责任行为irresponsibleright正当防卫justifiableright防卫行为actofdefence自为行为self-conductingact紧急避险actofrescue;necessity自助行为actofself-help不可抗力forcemajeure意外事件accident行为能力capacityforact意思能力capacityofwill民事行为civilact意思表示declarationofintention意思表示一致meetingofminds;consensus完全行为能力perfectcapacityforact限制行为能力restrictivecapacityforact准禁治产人quasi-interdictedperson保佐protection自治产人minorwhoiscapableofadministeringhisowncapacity无行为能力incapacityforact禁治产人interdictedperson自然人naturalperson公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequentlydwellingplace户籍censusregister监护guardianship个体工商户individualbusiness合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnershipagreement合伙财产propertyofpartnership合伙债务debtofpartnership法律专业词汇入伙joinpartnership退伙withdrawalfrompartnership合伙企业partnershipbusinessestablishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnershipoflegalperson特别合伙specialpartnership普通合伙generalpartnership有限合伙limitedpartnership民事合伙civilpartnership隐名合伙sleepingpartnership;dormantpartnership私营企业privateenterprise;proprietorship法人legalperson企业法人legalbodyofenterprise企业集团groupofenterprise关联企业affiliateenterprise个人独资企业individualbusinessestablishment国有独资企业solelystate-ownedenterprise中外合资企业Sino-foreignjointventureenterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreigncontractualenterprise社团法人legalbodyofmassorganization财团法人legalbodyoffinancialgroup联营jointventure法人型联营associationoflegalpersons合伙型联营coordinatedmanagementinpartnership协作型联营cooperation-typecoordinatedmanagement合作社cooperative民事法律行为civillegalact单方民事法律行为unilateralcivillegalact双方民事法律行为bilateralcivillegalact多方民事法律行为jointactcivillegalact有偿民事法律行为civillegalactwithconsideration实践性民事法律行为practicalcivillegalact要式民事法律行为formalcivillegalact要式民事法律行为informalcivillegalact要因民事法律行为causativecivillegalact主民事法律行为principalcivillegalact从民事法律行为accessorycivillegalact附条件民事法律行为conditionalcivillegalact附期限民事法律行为civillegalactwithterm生前民事法律行为civillegalactbeforedeath死后民事法律行为civillegalactafterdeath准民事法律行为quasi-civillegalact无效行为ineffectiveact可撤销民事行为revocablecivilact违法行为illegalact;unlawfulact侵权行为tort胁迫duress乘人之危takingadvantageofothers’precariousposition以合法形式掩盖非法目的legalformconcealingillegalintention恶意串通maliciouscollaboration重大误解grossmisunderstanding显失公平obviousunjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人originalagent法定代理人statutoryagent;legalagent委托代理人agentbymandate指定代理人designatedagent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权rightofagency授权行为actofauthorization授权委托书powerofattorney代理行为actofagency委托代理agencybymandate本代理originalagency有权代理authorizedagency表见代理apparentagency律师代理agencybylawyer普通代理generalagency全权代理generalagency全权代理委托书generalpowerofattorney共同代理jointagency独家代理soleagency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission;brokerhouse信托trust时效timelimit;prescription;limitation时效中止suspensionofprescription/limitation时效中断interruptionoflimitation/prescription时效延长extensionoflimitation取得时效acquisitiveprescription时效终止lapseoftime;terminationofprescription期日date涉外民事关系civilrelationswithforeignelements冲突规范ruleofconflict准据法applicablelaw;governinglaw转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserveofpublicorder法律规避evasionoflaw国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legalliability民事责任civilliability/responsibility行政责任administrativeliability/responsibility刑事责任criminalliability/responsibility违约责任liabilityofbreachofcontract;responsibilityofdefault有限责任limitedliability无限责任unlimitedliability按份责任shared/severalliability连带责任jointandseveralliability过失责任liabilityfornegligence;negligentliability过错责任faultliability;liabilityforfault单独过错solefault共同过错jointfault混合过错mixedfault被害人过错victim’sfault第三人过错thirdparty’sfault推定过错presumptivefault恶意badfaith;malice故意deliberateintention;intention;willfulness过失negligence重大过失grossnegligence疏忽大意的过失carelessandinadvertentnegligence过于自信的过失negligencewithundueassumption损害事实factsofdamage有形损失tangibledamage/loss无形损失intangibledamage/loss财产损失propertydamage/loss人身损失personaldamage/loss精神损失spiritualdamage/loss民事责任承担方式methodsofbearingcivilliability停止侵害ceasetheinfringingact排除妨碍exclusionofhindrance;removalofobstacle消除危险eliminationofdanger返还财产restitutionofproperty恢复原状restitution;restitutionoforiginalstate赔偿损失compensateforaloss;indemnifyforaloss法律专业词汇支付违约金paymentofliquidateddamage消除影响eliminateilleffects恢复名誉rehabilitateone’sreputation赔礼道歉extendaformalapology物权realright物权制度realrightsystem一物一权原则theprincipalofOnething,OneRight物property生产资料rawmaterialforproduction生活资料meansoflivelihood;meansofsubsistence流通物athingincommerce限制流通物limitedmerchantablething禁止流通物athingoutofcommerce资产asset固定资产fixedasset流动资产currentasset;floatingasset动产movables;chattel不动产immovable;realestate特定物acertainthing种类物genus;indefinitething可分物divisiblethings不可分物indivisiblethings主物aprincipalthing从物anaccessorything原物originalthing孳息fruits天然孳息naturalfruits法定孳息legalfruits无主物vacantgoods;ownerlessgoods遗失物lostproperty漂流物driftingobject埋藏物hiddenproperty货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类realright自物权rightoffullownership所有权dominium;ownership;title所有权凭证documentoftitle;titleofownership占有权dominiumutile;equitableownership使用权rightofuse;righttouseof收益权righttoearnings;righttoyields处分权rightofdisposing善意占有possessioningoodfaith恶意占有maliciouspossession按份共有severalpossession法律专业词汇共同共有jointpossession用益物权realrightforusufruct使用权righttouse;rightofuse土地使用权righttotheuseofland林权forestownership采矿权miningownership经营权managerialauthority;powerofmanagement承包经营权righttocontractedmanagement相邻权neighboringright地上权superficies永佃权righttolandedestategrantedinperpetuitythroughacontract地役权servitude;easement人役权personalservitude担保物权realrightforsecurity物的担保securityforthing物的瑕疵担保warrantyagainstdefectofathing抵押权hypothecation;righttomortgage抵押权的设定creationofrighttomortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral;estateundermortgage抵押权的效力defectofrighttomortgage抵押权的次序sequenceofrighttomortgage抵押权的抛弃abandonmentofrighttomortgage抵押权的让与alienationofrighttomortgage抵押权的实现materializationofrighttomortgage抵押物登记registrationofestateundermortgage抵押优先权priorityofmortgage留置权lien一般留置权generallien特别留置权speciallien质权pledge;rightofpledge佃权tenantright债权righttogiveorprocure;claim;creditor’sright债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart给付give;pay债务debt;liability;obligation债务的偿还paymentofdebt债务的偿清dischargeofdebt债务的担保guaranteeofdebt债务的合并consolidationofdebt债务的给付日期debtmaturity债务的免除exemptionofdebt债的分类obligation法律专业词汇法定之债legalobligation任意之债voluntaryobligation简单之债simpleobligation选择之债alternativeobligation主债prime/principalobligation从债accessoryobligation单一之债singleobligation按份之债severalobligation连带之债jointobligation特定之债certainobligation种类之债indefiniteobligation合同之债contractualobligation侵权行为之债tortobligation损害赔偿之债obligationofcompensationforinjury人身损害damagetoperson精神损害moral/mental/spiritualdamage医药费hospitaltreatmentexpense医疗费medicalcharge抚恤金pension慰问金consolationmoney产品瑕疵defectofproduct不当得利unjustenrichment无因管理voluntaryservice债的担保guaranteeofobligation财产担保propertyguarantee信用担保creditguarantee让与担保alienationguarantee保证guaranty明示保证expressguaranty默示保证impliedguaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contractofguaranty保证金guarantybond;securitydeposit押金deposit预付款advancedpayment定金earnestmoney;deposit违约金liquidateddamages法定违约金liquidateddamagesbylaw约定违约金liquidateddamagesbyagreement债的履行performanceofobligation实际履行原则doctrineofspecificperformance情事变更原则doctrineofchangeofcircumstances不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge;satisfaction提存debtor’ssubmissionofthesubjectmatterofobligationtocompetentauthority抵销setoff法律专业词汇知识产权intellectualproperty知识产权国际保护internationalprotectionofintellectualproperty国民待遇原则doctrineofnationaltreatment优先权原则arightofprioritydoctrine自动保护原则doctrineofautomaticprotection特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectualproperty著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyrightowner创作creation作品opus;product;work著作人格权rightofpersonalityofcopyright发表权rightofpublication署名权rightofauthorship;rightofpaternity修改权rightofmodification;rightofrevision完整性保持权righttomaintainintegrity不可侵犯权inviolability收回权rightofrecall;rightofretrieval自费出版publishabookattheauthor’sownexpense著作财产权propertyrightinwork使用收益分享权righttoshareusufruct利用权righttomakeuseof获得报酬权righttogetpayment重播权rightofrebroadcasting录制权rightoffixation机械复制权rightofmechanicalreproduction著作邻接权neighboringrightofcopyright剽窃plagiary;plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCDpiratedVCD伪造forge工业产权industrialproperty专利权patentright优先权日prioritydate申请在先原则priorapplicationrule使用在先priorityofuse新颖性novelty创造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造inventionandcreation实用新型utilitymodel外观设计design;industrialdesign发明权rightofinvention发现权rightofdiscovery专利申请patentapplication法律专业词汇专利异议objectiontoapatent专利公告patentgazette专利续展费renewalfeeofpatent专利许可协议patentlicensingagreement技术诀窍know-how专有技术know-how专利证书certificateofpatent专利事务所patentoffice专利代理patentagency中华人民共和国专利局PatentOfficeofthePeople’sRepublicofChina商标权trademarkright商标国际注册internationalregistrationoftrademark商品商标commoditytrademark服务商标servicetrademark驰名商标reputedtrademark广告商标advertisementtrademark近似商标similartrademark商标评审委员会tradereviewandappraisalboard商标审查trademarkexamination商标侵权trademarkinfringement商标注册registeredtrademark商标公告trademarkgazette注册商标使用许可licensingofregisteredtrademark注册商标转让assignmentofregisteredtrademark商标使用许可协议trademarklicensingagreement商标事务所trademarkoffice商标代理trademarkagency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage,family,inheritance,adoption婚姻法maritallaw;marriagelaw包办婚姻arrangedmarriage财产分割partition;dismembermentofproperty重婚bigam