中考语法复习01 谓语动词的时态

初中语法复习01-时态【知识结构图】知识点1一般现在时Ioftendrinkcoffee.Iamfifteen.Heusuallytakesawalkinthepark.Itisabook.Shegoestoschoolbybus.Youarebeautiful.Timstudieshardeveryday.(一)定义：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。（二）结构：amisare/dodoes（三）动词变化规则例词（1）+sworkworks;cookcooks,runruns,drinkdrinks（2）+es(s,sh,ch,x,o)gogoes;watchwatches;guessguesses,passpasses;push--pushes;fixfixes（3）辅+yiestrytries;flyflies;studystudies（4）havehavehas知识点2一般过去时Yesterdaymorning,Igotuplate.Ilookedoutofthewindow.Itwassunny.MYfriendTimwholivednearmyhouselastmonthcalledmetoplaybasketball.Afterexercise,wewereveryhungry,sowehadlunchtogether.Intheafternoon,westoppedplayingandstudiedhard.（一）定义：表示过去的动作或状态（二）结构：1：be动词的形式：was/were（am,is都是was）2:动词的形式：动词的过去式 （三）动词变化1：规则变化规则例子直+edwantwantedplayplayed去e，+ed(或直接加d)Hopehopedlivelived双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed(辅音辅)Stopstoppedbegbegged辅音+y:改y为_i__再加__ed_Studystudiedworryworried(注意：重读闭音节：一是重读，二是闭音节：辅元辅；不重读单词例如：borrowed，visited)元音+y:直接加ed,playplayed知识点3一般将来时（一）定义一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示将来经常或反复发生的动作（二）结构1.willdo（注：will为助动词）2.begoingtodo（注：goingto永不变）（三）时间状语（标志词）tomorrow(明天)，thedayaftertomorrow(后天)，nextyear(明年)，nextmonth(下一个月)，nextweek(下一个星期)，inthefuture（将来），later（...之后），soon（不久），in+一段时间（在之后），nexttime（下一次），thisafternoon/evening/weekend（今天下午）知识点4现在进行时（一）定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。（二）结构：Be动词＋动词ing（am/is/are+doing）（三）动词变化规则例词（1）一般情况+inggo-goingwork-workingsing-singing以不发音的e结去e+ingdance-dancingmake-makingtake-taking注：see-seeing倒着数辅元辅双写末尾辅音+ingrun-runningswim-swimminghit-hitting以ie结尾改ie为y+inglie-lyingtie-tyingdie-dying以y结尾的直接加ingPlay-playingfly-flying知识点5过去进行时（一）定义表示过去某一时刻或者过去某一时间内正在进行的动作.（二）现在分词变化规则动词的现在分词形式的变换work-workinglisten-listeningwrite-writing,make-making常见双写最后一个字母加ing的现在分词put、stop、shop、forget、get、begin、jog、run、swim特殊变化：lie→lyingdie→dying（三）过去进行时结构①肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其他。如：Iwasreadingnewspaper.②否定句：主语+wasn't/weren't+doing+其他。如：Iwasn'treadingnewspaper.③一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+其他？如：Wereyoureadingnewspaper?④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing？如：Whatwereyoudoing?知识点6现在完成时定义过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语for+一段时间，since+时间点,recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.基本结构肯定句形式：have/has+done否定句形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done（四）瞬间动词与延续性动词之间的使用以及转换如果和时间状语搭配，那么动词就需要有延续性。diebedeadbegin/startbeonleavebeawayjoinbeinbuyhaveborrowkeependbeovermakefriendsbefriendsEg，Thefilmbegantenminutesago.=Thefilmhasbeenonsincetenminutesago例题讲解：I________onthecomputerwhenJimcametoseemelastnight.A.draw B.drew C.wasdrawing D.amdrawing2.Myfather________onbusinessfortwoweeks.A.left B.hasleft C.hasgone D.hasbeenaway3.CouldyoupleasetellPeterthatIwanttotalktohim?Sure,Iwilllethimknowassoonashe________back.A.comes B.came C.hascome D.willcome4.He’sflowntoQingdaoforsummerholidays,________he?A.isn’t B.wasn’t C.hasn’t D.doesn’t5.I’lldoitbetteriftheteacher________meanotherchance.A.give B.gives C.gave D.willgive课堂练习：（一）单项选择1.There________atalkshowonCCTV-4atninethisevening.A.willhave B.isgoingtobe C.isgoingtohave D.isstaying2.Thechildren________aP.E.classontheplaygroundwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.A.have B.arehaving C.had D.werehaving3.Nick________anewcamera.Hehastakenlotsofpictureswithit.A.buys B.isbuying C.bought D.willbuy4..How’sAnnie?I________herforalongtime.A.don’tsee B.won’tsee C.didn’tsee D.haven’tseen5.Myfriend________me.Ihavetoleavenow.A.waitsfor B.waitedfor C.iswaitingfor D.waswaitingfor6.Theastronautistiredthathe_______forelevenhours.A.hasbeenasleep B.hasfallenasleep C.hasgonetobed D.hasgonetosleep7.He_______Luzhouforthreemonths.A.hasleft B.hascometo C.hasgoneto D.hasbeenawayfrom8.Theboyissosadbecausehislovelypet________forfourdays.A.hasdied B.hasbeendead C.isdying D.hasdead（二）完成句子1.千里之行始于足下。（完成译句）Ajourneyofathousandmiles________________asinglestep.2.哥哥刚刚带着他的湿毛衣悄无声息地回来了。（完成译句）Brother______withhiswetsweater_______amomentago.3.常常彼此坦诚相待使我们的友谊更加坚固。（完成译句）Beinghonestwitheachotheroften________ourfriendshipeven_________.4.相对于在家上网课，Polly更喜欢待在学校。（完成译句）Polly_______stayingatschool_______havingonlineclassesathome.5.Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscan__81___youabetterandhappierperson.6.Ifitdoesn'tworkafteryou'vetriedeverything,thattherearealwaysthingsyoucan'tchange.7.Here__75__somesignsofsmartpeople.8.Sowheneveryouthinkofthisgame,askyourselfthisquestion,"Whatarethebigstonesinmylife?"________todothesethingsfirstofall.课后练习：用动词的适当形式填空1.Students______(walk)outoftheclassroomnoisilywhentheclasswasover.2.Jack’sdadsaidhe_______(mop)thewaterupatthattime.3.Theheavyrain__________(prevent)himgoingoutlastweekend.4.Everyyear,drivingafterdrinkingwine______(cause)alotoftrafficaccidents.5.I__________(think)therewouldbemanystudentsintheschoolhall,buttomysurprise,whenIarrivedIfoundnone6.Mr.Green_________(wait)fortheshopkeeperbecausehewantstoknowtheprice.7.Iputmy