水环境对人类健康的影响

TheEffectsofWaterPollution

onHumanHealth

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Waterpollutionisamajorglobalproblemwhichrequiresongoingevaluationandrevisionofwaterresourcepolicyatalllevels(internationaldowntoindividualaquifersandwells).Ithasbeensuggestedthatwaterpollutionistheleadingworldwidecauseofdeathsanddiseases，andthatitaccountsforthedeathsofmorethan14,000peopledaily.[1]Pink,DanielH.(April19,2006)."InvestinginTomorrow'sLiquidGold".Yahoo.[2]West,Larry(March26,2006)."WorldWaterDay:ABillionPeopleWorldwideLackSafeDrinkingWater".About.IntroductionThedefinitionofwaterpollutionItisanychemical,biological,orphysicalchangeinwaterqualitythathasaharmfuleffectonlivingorganismsorthatmakeswaterunsuitablefordesireduse.TheclassificationofwaterpollutionKindsofharmfulsubstancesbiologicalchemicalphysicalplantsanimalsmicroorganismThefeaturesofpathogenicmicroorganismindrinkingwater1.Eveninverysmallamounts,aslongasthereisasinglepathogenentersthebody,itwillharmtheprevalence.2.Characteristicsofthepathogens:small,large,resistance.Conventionaldrinkingwatertreatmenttechnologycannoteffectivelyremovethem，Becausetheyareveryresistanttodisinfectionanddifficulttoberemoved,therefore,focusonthepurificationtechnologyofdrinkingwateristoremoveorganicpollutantsandpathogenicmicroorganisms(especiallytheCryptosporidium)Biologicalpollutionismainlyduetotheparasites,bacteriaandviruses.F1.schistosomeParasites:schistosomiasis(血吸虫病)Schistomosomiasislesionsaremainlycausedbytheireggs.Theyare（eggs)livinginthehostoftheliverandcolontissues,andcausegranulomaandfibrosis(肉芽肿瘤和纤维化)F2.vibriocholeraeF3.MechanismofactionofcholeratoxinF4.PoliovirusAvarietyofpathogenicfactorintothewaterenvironment,cancauseacuteorchronicpoisoning.Whatmeasureshavewetaken?"Drinkingwaterhygienestandards"(GB5750-2006),totalcoliform,thermotolerantcoliformbacteriaandEscherichiacoli,thetotalnumberofcolonies,JiaDiGiardiaandCryptosporidiumas6indicators