计算机英语课本Lesson3

计算机专业英语

ComputerEnglish

引言

introductionHello,everyone.IamyournewEnglishteacher.youcancallMrsGao.Wellcometothisschool.Fromnowon,wecanstudytogether.Ihopeandprogresstogether.Thislessonyouwillintroduceyouselves.SelfintroductionMynameis-------，Iamsixteen,someonelikesreading,someonelikesswimmingandsomeonelikescollectingandsoon.Travelingismyfavoritehobbynow.BytravelingIcanvisitmanydifferentplacesofinterestandlearnalotaboutpeople,placesandhistory.It'sveryinteresting.Ilovetraveling.Ihavegreatfunintraveling.Iwillstudyhard.Thankyou.Lesson2DevelopmentofComputersTeachingimportantanddifficultpointsHowtomakeuseofthenewwordsandexpressions.Howtoexpresstheinformationthey’vegot.DifficultpointsEnglishbriefintroductionofjobinterviewpreparation.ThefirstconsiderationMakealistofhonorsLearnthefirstparagraphNowadays,computershavebecomeoneofournecessitiesinourdailylife.如今，电脑已经成为我们日常生活的必需品。necessity/ni’sesiti/必要性Have/has+动词的过去分词现在完成时LearnthefirstparagraphHowever,theywerecompletelyunknowntousseveraldecadesago.然而，几十年前我们对它还一无所知。decade/’dekeid/十年LearnthefirstparagraphThedevelopmentofcomputershasgonethrougharapidevolution.电脑的发展经历了一个快速的演变。gothrough经历，经受

evolution/

iːvə'luːʃ(ə)n

/进展，发展LearnthefirstparagraphWiththeconstructionofthefirstcomputerENIAC,themoderncomputereracameintobeingsince1950s.随着第一台电脑ENIAC的形成，50年代起就进入了现代电脑时代。construction/kən'strʌkʃ(ə)n/

建筑era/’iərə/时代时期comeinto进入LearnthefirstparagraphThehistoryofcomputerscanbedividedintofivegenerations.电脑的历史可以被分为五个时代。

divided/dɪ‘vaɪdɪd/分开分离

generations/dʒenə‘reɪʃ(ə)n

/一代Eachgenerationismarkedbyasignificantprogress.每个时代都标志着一个巨大的进步Learnthefirstparagraph

significant/sɪg‘nɪfɪk(ə)nt

/重大的重要的LearnthesecondparagraphItisreallyhardtomakeanexactdistinctionofthesefiveperiods.很难对五个时期有一个清晰的界定distinction/dɪ‘stɪŋkʃən

/区别

period/‘pɪərɪəd/时期LearnthesecondparagraphGenerallyspeaking,thefirstgenerationismarkedfrom1951to1958.通常而言，第一代是从1951-1958年Generally/‘dʒen(ə)rəlɪ

/通常

marke

标记LearnthesecondparagraphAtthattimecomputerswerelargeinsize,expensiveandoftenunreliable.这一时期电脑体积大，价格昂贵而且很不稳定。unreliable/ʌnrɪ‘laɪəbl

/不可靠的LearnthesecondparagraphThefirstgenerationofcomputerswerebuiltwithvacuumtubes.第一代电脑由真空管组成vacuum/‘vækjʊəm

/真空的vacuumtubes真空管ThethirdparagraphThesecondgenerationlastedfrom1959to1964.第二代从1959—1964年。ThethirdparagraphThemaincharacteristicofthisperiodisthattransistorsreplacedvacuumtubes.这时期的特点是晶体管代替了真空管。Characteristic特征特有的Transistor晶体管ThethirdparagraphDatawasstoredoutsidecomputeroneithermagnetictapeordisk.数据被磁带或磁盘在电脑外部存储起来。Either……or….不是…而是…..谓语动词用单数。ThethirdparagraphAsaresult,computersbecamemuchsmaller,faster,andmorereliable.因此，电脑变得更小，更快和更可靠。ThefourthparagraphThethirdgenerationofcomputersrangedfrom1965to1970.第三代计算机从1965年到1970年。Rangefrom从….到……范围ThefourthparagraphItissymbolizedbythereplacementoftransistorandtheinvolvementofIC(IntegratedCircuit).它的标志是集成电路取代了晶体管。Integrated综合的，完整的IntegratedCircuit集成电路Involvement连累，包含ThefourthparagraphOwingtoIC,computersinthisperiodbecameevensmallerandfasterandtheirmemorycapacitiesgrewstrongerthaneversince.有了集成电路，这一代的电脑更小更快，它的记忆功能比以往电脑更强。eversince从那时到现在ThefifthparagraphMuchsignificantadvancementwasmadeduringthefourthgenerationwhichlastedfrom1971to1990.第四代是从1971年到1990年，这一时期有许多重大进步。Which引导定于从句，修饰前面的限定词thefourthgenerationadvancement前进，进步ThefifthparagraphThemosthistoricchangeinthisperiodistheapplicationofthemicroprocessor.这个时期具有历史性的变化是微处理器的应用。Historic历史上著名的，有历史性的WWisahistoricevent.二战是最具有历史性意义的事件。Thefifthparagraph

Computersofthisgenerationhadmorepowerthanthoseofearliergeneration.这一代电脑比以往几代都更具威力。those做代词，代替computers.ThesixthparagraphThefifthgenerationofcomputersisvirtuallydifficulttodefinesinceweareundergoingthisperiodandwehavenoideaaboutwhatistheexacttimetogetintothenextgeneration.第五代电脑实际上很难界定，因为我们正处于这个时期而且也不知道进入下一代的具体时间。ThesixthparagraphUndergo经历，忍受Thistownhasundergomanychanges.这个城镇已经经历了许多变迁。Virtually事实上实质上Undergo经历，忍受ThesixthparagraphThefifthgenerationseemstobeginfrom1991topresent.大概从1991年起至今是第五代。ThesixthparagraphOurcurrentgenerationisreferredtoasa“globalvillage”sincetherapidexpandingofnetwork.由于网络的迅速扩张，我们当前这一代被称为“地球村”。ThesixthparagraphReferto有以下几种用法：1.谈及，涉及Shedoesnotlikeanyonereferringtohermistakes.她不喜欢任何人谈到她的错误。2.关系到Doesthisrefertomybrother?这牵涉到我的兄弟吗？3.查询，查阅ThesixthparagraphInternetconnectsourcomputerscloselyandwecanstayathomechattingwithfriendsdistancefarawayfromus.互联网将我们的电脑连在一起，我们可以在家与遥远的朋友聊天。ThesixthparagraphTherapidlydevelopingnewtechnologyenablespeoplearoundtheglobetocommunicatewitheachotherwithouteffort.迅速发展的新科技使全球的人能轻松地与他交流。Enablesbtodosth使人能够……Lightenablesyoutosee.光能使你看见东西。ThefirstparagraphHardwareisawordtodescribecomputerdevices.硬件这个词是形容计算机装置。Hardware硬件ThefirstparagraphItreferstotheactualmachinerythatmakesupcomputersystem---theCPU,inputdevices,outputdevicesandstoragedevices.它指的是构成计算机系统的真实的机器----中央处理器，输入系统，输出系统和存储系统。Machinery机器机械Input输入Device装置设备Storage存储储藏ThefirstparagraphThat引导主语从句，修饰theactualmachineryItisthesunthatmakesthemoonbright.是太阳的光使月亮变得明亮。ThefirstparagraphSomepartscanbeseen,andsomepartscannotbeseenfromtheoutside.有的部分可以从外部看见，有的则不能。ThefirstparagraphWithacomputer,hardwareisthephysicalpart—thestuffyoucantouch,feelinyouhand.对于计算机来说，硬件是切实可见的，你能触摸它，手能感觉它的存在。Stuff原料材料Expectedteachingeffect

Studentscanreadandwirtethenewwords.Andbeabletoexpresstheinformationbasedontheusefulexpressionsthey’velearned,andtheycanreadthefirstparagraph.ThesecondparagraphHardwareperformsfourmajorfunctionswhichareinput,processing,outputandstorage.硬件执行输入，处理，输出和存储四大功能。Which引导定语从句，修饰前面的“fourmajorfunctions”ThesecondparagraphInputdevicesofacomputerusuallyincludekeyboard,mouse,modemandscannerwhichprovideawayofcommunicatingwithacomputer.计算机输入系统通常包括键盘，鼠标，调制解调器和扫描仪。人们通过这些设备与电脑交流。Thesecondparagraph

keyboard键盘Modem调制解调器Scanner扫描仪Include包含包括Becomposedof用于被动语态compriseconsistof用于主动语态ThesecondparagraphTheytranslatedatathatwecanunderstandintoaformthatacomputercanprocess.它们把我们能理解的数据转换成电脑能处理的数据。ThethirdparagraphTheprocessorwhichisoftencalledCPU(CentralProcessingUnit,中央处理器）isthemainchipinacomputerandisalsothemostimportantpartofacomputer.处理器也叫中央处理器是计算机的主要芯片，也是计算机最主要的部分。ThethirdparagraphItcanbedescribedasthe“brain”ofacomputer.可以把它比喻为计算机的“大脑”ThethirdparagraphItprocessesinstructionsandmanagestheflowofinformationthroughacomputersystem.它通过计算机系统处理指令和管理信息流。flow流程流动Instruction指令Processor处理器ThethirdparagraphActually,itisquitesmallinsize.Thispartisputinsidethemainframe.事实上，它很小，这部分在主机里。Mainframe主机ThefourthparagraphNomatterhowpowerfulCPUis,peoplecannevergettheinformationtheywantwithoutanoutputdevicebecausethedataacomputerprocessescannotbeunderstoodbyhumanbeings.不管CPU有多大威力，没有输出系统人们不可能得到想要的信息。因为计算机处理的数据我们看不懂。ThefourthparagraphNomatterhow无论怎样可以换成“however”Nomatterwhat=whateverNomatterwho=whoeverNomatterwhoyouare,youshouldnotjumpthequeue.无论你是谁，你都不能插队。ThefourthparagraphOutputdevicescantranlatethedataintotheinformationwecanunderstand.输出系统可将数据转化为我们能看懂的形式。ThefourthparagraphTheyenableacomputertocommunicatewithme.它们能让计算机与我们交流。Enable是able的动词形式，“使能够”Rich—enrichlarge---enlargeThefourthparagraphTheoutstandingoutputdeviceisamonitorwhichcanbefoundineverycomputer.Anotherordinaryoutputdeviceisaprinter.最突出的输出装置是显示器，几乎每台电脑都有一个显示器。另一个普通的输出装置是打印机。ThefourthparagraphOutstanding突出的显著的Moni