月英语六级新题型考试冲刺试卷

PartIDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheCivilServantTestCraze.Youressayshouldstartwithabriefdescriptionofthepicture.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.有人认为应该像那样做好事不图回报ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenngaGood1SurfingtheWatchingatalkPackingabirthdayShopatajewelrystore.HeenjoysfindingfaultwithHeissureofhissuccessintheHedoesn'tknowifhecandowellintheHeusedtogetstraightA'sintheexamshetook.ThemanisgenerouswithhisgoodcommentsonThewomanisunsureiftherewillbepeaceintheThewomanisdoubtfulaboutnewspaperThemanisquiteoptimisticabouthumannature.StudyforsomeAttendamedicalStayinSellhis5MoreFairAcollegeeducation.D.Shorterworkhours.ShewasexhaustedfromherShemissedthecomfortsofShewasimpressedbyMexicanShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.CheerherselfupaFindamoresuitableSeekprofessionalTakeapsychologycourse.HedressesmoreformallyWhathewearsdoesnotmatchhisHehasignoredhisfriendssinceHefailedtodowellat9、ConversationTogoTohaveTopromoteanewTojoininatrainingprogram,ItcanreducethenumberofpassengerItcanmakeairtravelmoreItcancutdowntheexpensesforairItcanlessenthe fortcausedbyairtravel.TookbalancedmealswithAtevegetablesandfruitonly.C.Refrainedfromfishormeat.D.Avoidedeatingrichfood,12ManyofthemfounditdifficulttoexerciseonaManyofthemwereconcernedwiththeirwell-NotmanyofthemchosetodowhatsheNotmanyofthemunderstoodthe13、ConversationAtaAtaInacomputerInashopmall.ThelatestcomputerTheorganizingofanThepurchasingofsomeThedramaticchangesinthejob15DataTrainingeonsultancy.C.Corporatemanagement.D.Informationprocessing.16、PassageImproveGetridofemptyFollowtheculturalAttemptsomethingimpossible.ByfindingsufficientsupportforBytakingintoaccounttheirownabilitytoByconstantlykeeinmindtheirultimateBymakingdetailedplansandcarryingthemout.ToshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktoToshowhowdifficultitisforpeopletoloseToremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodToillustratehoweasilypeopleabandontheir19、PassageMichael'sparentsgotKarenwasadoptedbyRayKaren'smotherdiedinacarAtruckdriverlosthislifeinacollision.HeranaredlightandcollidedwithaHesacrificedhislifetosaveababyHewaskilledinstantlyinaburningHegotmarriedtoKaren'smother.ThereportedheroturnedouttobehisHedidnotunderstandhisfathertilltooSuchmisfortuneshouldhavefallenonItremindedhimofhismiserablechildhood,Passage22、PassageTheThe23ByngoddjobsatByworkinglonghourseveryByputtinginmorehourseachBytakingshortervacationseachyear,TocombatcompetitionandraiseToprovidethemwithmorejobTohelpthemmaintaintheirlivingTopreventthemfromholdingasecondjob.ChangetheirEarnmoreReducetheirworkinghours.D.Strengthentheernment's26Growingnumbersofbrightstudentsfacemissingoutontheirfirstchoiceuniversity,academicswarnedtoday,asfiguresshowedthree-quartersofinstitutionsarebeingforcedtoreduceplaces.Almost100outof130universitiesinEnglandcouldbeforcedtotakefewer26thisyear,followingtheintroductionofCoalitionreformsdesignedtodrivedown27ManymembersoftheeliteRussellGroupareamongthosefacing28,withLiverpool,Leeds,Manchester,NewcastleandSouthamptonbeingparticularly29.Datafromtheernment'sHigherEducationFundingCouncilforEnglandsuggestssomeneweruniversitiessuchasBedfordshireandEastLondonareexpectingtolosearoundone-in-eightplaces.Thecutsarebeing30followingtheintroductionofnewrulesthateffectively31universitieschargingmorethan7,500instudentfeesfromthisautumn.Itmeanslargenumbersofplacesarebeing32towardscheapfurthereducationMinistersarealsoliftingcontrolsonthenumberofbrightstudentsgainingatleasttwoAgradesandaBatAlevelthatuniversitiescanrecruit33aninevitablescrambletowardsasmallnumberoftopinstitutions.Thefundingcouncil'schiefexecutivedeniedthelossofstudentplaceswouldtipanyinstitutionintosignificantfinancialtrouble.ButProfMichaelFarthing,vice-chancellorofSussexUniversityandchairmanofthe1994Group,whichrepresentsmanysmallresearchinstitutions,saidthefiguresshowthatmanyexcellentstudentswillbedeniedplacesattheirfirstchoice"Thenumberofstudentsuniversitiesareallowedtorecruithasbeencutacrossthesector,with20,000places34oinstitutionswithlowerthanaveragefees,"hesaid."Farfromgivingthebestuniversitiesfreedomto35morestudents,thisrepresentsapushtoacut-priceeducation."2626空答案为)2727空答案为)2828空答案为)2929空答案为)3030空答案为)3131空答案为)3232空答案为)3333空答案为)3434空答案为)3535空答案为)3636-46NearlyathirdofwomenarethemainbreadwinnersintheirhouseholdinBritain,accordingtoamajorsurvey.Researcherssaidthatinmanyrelationshipsitwasnolongerassumedthatthemanwouldbringinthebigger e,36inatimeofwidespreadredundancies裁Ina37shiftinattitudes,fouroutoftenwomensaidthatthecareerofwhicheverpartnerhadthehighest ewouldtake38intherelationship.Inoneintenfamilies,ahousehusbandlooksafterthechildrenanddoesthe39whiletheirfemalepartnerworksfulltime.Tenpercentofwomenadmittedthisrole40hadputstrainsontheirrelationshipandsomesaidithadevenledtothem41company.TheWomenandWorkSurvey2010,commissioned( 委托)bymagazine,foundthatalmosthalfoffull-timemothers42notearningtheirownAndtwothirdsofthemothersamongthe2,000womeninthesurveysaidtheywantedtokeepworkinginsomewayafterhavingchildren.A43highernumberofthosewithchildrenunderthreesaidtheywouldprefertowork--preferablypart-time--ratherthanstayathome.VictoriaHarperofGraziasaid,"Womenaregettinggoodjobswhentheygraduate,andworkingupthecareer44fasterthantheyhaveeverdone."Thismeansthattherehastobemore45betweentherolesofmenandwomeninarelationshipandwhentheyhavechildren.O.3636空答案为)3737空答案为)3838空答案为)3939空答案为)4040空答案为)4141空答案为)4242空答案为)4343空答案为)4444空答案为)4545空答案为)SectionDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet4646-56WhyAreAirlinesWithholdingA.AfewmonthsagoIbookedaflightfortwoandthenwenttoselectseatsontheairline'ssite.Basedonthedestinationandtimeofyear,Iwassurprisedtofindonlytwoadjacentseatswereavailablewithoutpayingapremium(额外费用).ButIwasevenmoresurprisedafewweekslater,whenweboardedtheaircraftandaflightattendantannouncedthatonly30%ofscatswereoccupied,soweshouldallfeelfreetostretchout.Sohowcouldaflightthatlookednearlyfullamonthearlierwindupwithsevenoutoftenseatsempty?That'saquestiononlytheairlinescananswer,andthey'renoteagertoprovidemanydetails.Aresomecarriersintentionallyholdingbackseatassignments,inthehopewe'llallpayfor"premium"seats?It'safairquestion,andtheevidenceisintriguing.BehindthescreenindeedAnawfulplotgoesonbehindairlineandtravelbookingscreens,andmuchofitisstrictlyoff-limitstoconsumers.Whatwedoknowisthatfordecadesnowairlines emastersofwhattheindusttrycallsyieldmanagement,offeringmillionsofcombinationsoffaresbasedonadvancepurchasepatternsandotherbookingtrends,sonearlyeveryonepaysadifferentpricebasedonwhentheybuy.Butnowthatpayingextraforyourseatselectionhas ecommonpractice,securingyourreservationisjusthalfthebattle.Someindustryexpertshaveconnectedthedots."They'retryingtogetpeopletobuypremiumseats,"saysGeorgeHobica, 'sFlyGuycolumnistandthefounderofA ."Theywanttoincreaserevenue.Andwe'regettingmorecomplaintsaboutit."Henotesthatit"reallyannoys"passengerswhowanttosittogether,particularlywhentravelingwithsmallchildren.He'sechoedbyKevinMitc,chairmanoftheBusinessTravelCoalition(联盟):"Withyieldmanagement,consumersareawareandtheyknowthatairlinesareconstantlychangingpricesonseats.Butifthisistrue,itisunethical--they'regrosslymisleadingus.ThethingthatIfindsooffensiveisconveyingtomethatIhavenooptions,butifIwaitaweekortwothenIdohaveoptions."Accordingtotheairlines,thereasonforancillary(附加的)revenueisunbundling分类计价ticketprices,sopassengerswhodesireagivenservice---saycheckingabagororderingasoftdrink--payforit,whilethosewhodon'taresparedthecost.ButasMitcnotes,"There'sanothertwisttothis.Theairlinesaresayingfeesarefor'optionalservices.'Well,seatsaren'toptional!"Ofcourse,securingagoodseatisn'tanissueifyou'reinfirstclassoryou'reanelitememberofafrequentflyerprogram.Butwhatabouttherestofus?AsFvepointedoutrepeatedlyinrecentcolumns,we'refacedwithrecord-highloadfactors,thehighestfortheU.S.airlineindustrysinceWorldWarII.Butevenwiththeaveragepercentageofoccupiedseatsfordomesticflightsat82.7%,it'sstillanaverage--someflightswillbefullerbutotherswillnot,particularlyweeksinadvance.Yetsearchingforseatskeepsgettingharderandharder.SeatsforsaleHobicacitesthemajorairlinesastheprimeculprits(起因),buthealsonotesevenlow-costcarrierscanmakesecuringseatsdifficult.Ontheflipside,hecreditsJetBlueandVirginAmericaforprovidingcustomerswithclearpolicies.AndthenthereisBritishAirways,whichallowspassengersineconomyandbusinessclassestoselectseatsonly24hoursinadvanceIaskedanairlinerepresentativeifseeingfewerfreeseatsisatrend,andtheresponsewas:"That'sgoingtovarybecausetherearesomanyvariables."Idecidedtocheckonseatavailabilityat .Iinquiredabouteconomy-classavailabilityfortwoseatsonabusyroute---AtlantatoChicago---andconductedanapples-to-applessearchforthesamemorningdeparturesevendaysinadvance,andagain14daysinadvance.Fortheflightoneweekout,atotalofonlyeightseatswereavailable,onepreferredandsevenstandard,butonlyonesetoftwoseatstogether.Fortheflighttwoweeksout,atotalof29seatswereavailable,consistingof20preferredandonlyninestandard,andstillwithonlyonesettogether.Remarkablehoweventwicethebookingtimestillproducedsofew"free"seats,separayortogether,yettherewereplentyofseatsthatcouldbeboughtfortherightprice.IcontactedDeltaandaspokesmansaidthepriceforpreferredeconomyvaries"dependingonanumberofdifferentfactors,"socustomersneedtocomparethecostsonaflight-by-flightbasis.ThepreferredseatsareprimarilyforMedallion(大勋章)members,and eavailablewithoutadditionalcharge24hourspriortodeparture.WhenaskedifDeltahasreceivedcomplaintsaboutadearthoffreeseats~hestated,"Overall,ourseatprogramhasbeenreceivedverywell."Butmyfindingsdovetailed(吻合)withrecentcomplaintsfiledwithAirfarewatchdog:(1)When(myhusband)triedtogetaseatassignmentonthefirstflighttherewasjustone"complimentary(免费的)seat"(nearthebackinthemiddle)available..,theotheravailableseatshadtobepurchasedfor$69.Ontheconnectingflighttherewereno"complimentaryseatsatall!Isthislegal?Heboughtandpaidforaticketontheseflightsandnowheissupposedto"buy"aseat!(2)(After)payingfortheflight,amessagepoppedupandsaidthatIcouldonlygetaseatassignmentwhenIcheckedin.Inordertogetaconfirmedseat,Ihadtopay$129extra!UnlessIpay,withoutaconfirmedseat,Iamthefirstonetobebumpedfromtheflightiftheyareoverbooked.Howdotheygetawaywiththis?(3)Doescheckinginonlineatthe24-hourmarkbeforetheflightgivemeanumberinlineorletmeselectseatsthen?Ordoweallrushthegatewithourboardingpasses(andnoseatassignment)inordertogettheseatassignment?Howtorespond?Sowhatcanyoudo?It'satoughproposition.UsuallyIwouldofferforcounteringsuchairlineinitiatives,butinthiscasetheoptionsarelimited.That'swhysomebelievetheU.S.DepartmentofTransportationshouldinvestigatethesepractices.AsMitcsays,"Theairlinesareholdingallthecardswiththisone.Thereisasoreneedfortransparencyonthis.Whenpeopleareconfused,theymakebaddecisions."Thatsaid,considerthefollowing:(1)Whenbudgetingyourairfares,makesureyouconsidernotjustbaggagefeesbuttheaddedcostofseatselection--foralltravelersandinbothdirections.(2)Ifpossible,bookearly,whenthereshouldbemoreseatsavailable,andcheckinearlytoo.Whythequalifier"should"?Becauseifavailabilityisartificiallymanipulated,it'shardtobecertain.(3)Bookairlinesthatoffermoretransparentseat-selectionpolicies.Ofcourse,thisisnotanissuewithSouthwestandothercarriersthatoffer"openseating"policies.(4)Finally,thelastresortiswhatHobicacalls"horsetrading":negotiatingseatswapswithotherpassengers.Butthishas eariskyandundesirableoptionwithflightssofull,overheadbins(行李仓)socrammedandfellowpassengerswhomayhavepaidforpremiumseatsinadvance.46、Behindtheairlineandtravelbookingscreens,aterribleplotisbeingcarriedout,muchofwhichisrigorouslykeptfrompassengers.47、Theairlines'excuseforadditionalfeesisunbundlingticketprices,sothosewhowantthegivenservicelikebaggagecheekandsoftdrinkorderingwillhaveto48、Whethersomecarrierswithholdseatsonpurposeforearningconsumers'premiumisaquestiondeservingtobeclearedup.49、Mitcholdsthatthereisanurgentneedfortransparencyoncarriers'seat50、WhileHobicaascribesthemainresponsibilitiestothemajorairlines,alsomentionsthatthelow-costcarriersaremakingsecuringseats51、Somebelievethat,inordertosolvetheproblemofairlines'withholdingseats,someactionsshouldbetakenbytheU.S.DepartmentofTransportation.52、Whenpeoplebudgettheirairfares,theyshouldconsiderboththebaggagefeesandtheaddedcostofseatselection.53、KevinMitcconsiderstheso-calledyieldmanagementoftheindustryunethicalandmisleading.54、WhatthespokesmanofDeltasayssuggeststhatthepreferredeconomy-classticketsareavailable24hoursinadvanceoftheplane'sdeparture.55、Thelaststrategytocountertheairline'sinitiativesistoexchangeseatswithotherpassengersbynegotiatingwiththem.SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.5656-61Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn'tfeelgood.Whydoesn'tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesbackatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent(富裕的)SocietybyJohnKennethGalbmith,whodiedrecentlyat97.TheAffluentSocietyisamodemclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,"hunger,sickness,andcold"threatenednearlyeveryone.Galbmithwrote"Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours."AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.ToGalbralth,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertisingcompaniesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn'treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,ernmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively--andwrongly--labeledernmentonlyas"anecessaryIt'softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelsestandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich--overpaidchiefexecutive,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople's esareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamily erose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel"squeezed"becausetheirrising esoftendon'tsatisfy,theirrisingwants--forbiggethomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInteractTheothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey're ing"thedisposableAmerican,"asLouisUchileputsitinhisbookbythesameBecausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocial stemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedutopian( 式的)possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunay,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandAdvancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity(肥胖症).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwith Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We'vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.56、WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentWhystatisticsdon'tlthetruthabouttheWhyaffluencedoesn'tguaranteeHowhappinesscanbepromotedWhatliesbehindaneconomic57、AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause publicspendinghasn'tbeencutdownasB.theernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryC.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionD.materialismhasrunwildinmodemsociety58、Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheir eA.TheirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirB.TheirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithC.ThedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandtheD.Healthcareandeducationalcostshavesomehowgoneoutof59、WhatdoesLouisUehilemeanby"thedisposableAmerican"(Lines2-3,Para,5)?A.ThosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingB.PeoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromC.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanD.Workerswhonolongerhavesecure60、WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.Asenseofself-fulfillment.C.Newsandcomplaints.D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.Theuseofdeferential(敬重的)languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,whichdominatesconservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwhowithdrawsquietlytothebackground,subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyanditsmalehead.Sheisadutifuldaughter,wife,andmother,masterofthedomesticarts.ThetypicalrefinedJapanesewomanexcelsinmodestyanddelicacy;she"treadssoftly(谨言慎行)intheworld,"elevatingfemininebeautyandgracetoanartform.Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefemininelinguistic(语言的)ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential"women's"forms,andevenusingthefewstrongformsthatareknownas"men's."This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderableattentionandhasledtoanoutcryintheJapanesemediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen'slanguage.Indeed,wedidn'thearabout"men'slanguage"untilpeoplebegantorespondtogirls'appropriationofformsnormallyforboysandmen.Thereisconsiderablesentimentaboutthe"corruption"ofwomen'slanguage--whichofcourseisviewedaspartofthelossoffeminineidealsanmorality--andthissentimentiscrystallizedbynationwideopinionpollsthatareregularlycarriedoutbythemedia.YoshikoMatsumotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthehighlydeferentialformsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyleisnodoubtsomethingthatyoungwomenhavebeenexpectedto"growinto"-afterall,itisasignnotsimplyoffemininity,butofmaturityandrefinement,anditsusecouldbetakentoindicateachangeinthenatureofone'ssocialrelationsaswell.Onemightwellimaginelittlegirlsusingexceedinglypoliteformswhenplayinghouseorimitatingolderwomen-inafashionogoustolittlegirls'us,erahigh-pitchedvoicetodo"teachertalk"or"mothertalk"inroleplay.ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresigno