国家节能减排政策全收录及点评Title25课件

IPv6@CiscoSystemsPatrickGrosseteteCiscoIOSIPv6ProductManagerpgrosset@Agenda

IPv6RationalesIPngProtocols&StandardsIPv6Integration&Co-ExistenceCiscoIOSIPv6roadmapIPv6DeploymentAneedforIPv6?IETFIPv6WGbeganinearly90s,tosolveaddressinggrowthissues,butCIDR,NAT,…weredevelopedIPv432bitsaddress=4billionhosts~40%oftheIPv4addressspaceisstillunallocatedBUTIPiseverywhereData,Voice,AudioandVideointegrationisaRealityRegionalRegistriesapplyastrictallocationcontrolAddressingschemeisnotoptimumasforanySo,let’splaywithNumbersandfocusonApplicationsExplosionofNewInternetAppliancesComingBacktoan

End-to-EndArchitectureGlobalAddressingRealmNewTechnologies/ApplicationsforHomeUsers‘Always-on’—Cable,DSL,Ethernet@home,Wireless,…

InternetstartedwithEndtoEndconnectivityforanyapplicationsToday,NATandApplication-LayerGatewaysconnectingdisparatenetworksAlways-onDevicesNeedanAddressWhenYouCallThem,eg.-MobilePhones-Gaming-ResidentialVoiceoverIPgatewayIPv6MarketsAcademicNRN:nowInternet-II(Abilene,vBNS+),Canarie*3,Renater-II,Surfnet,DFN,CERNET,…6REN/6TAPGeographies&Politics:NowPrimeMinisterofJapancalledforIPv6(taxesreduction)EECsummitPRadvertisedIPv6asthewaytogoforEuropePresidentClintonsignedanExecutiveMemorandumon3GWireless(PDA,Mobile,Car,...):now-to-2004MultiplephasesbeforedeploymentRFP->Integration->trial->commercialRequires‘clientdevices’,eg.IPv6handset?IntegrationofIPv6ServicesTheUbiquitousInternetLargeAddressSpaceAuto-ConfigurationEnhancedMobilityIPv6Addresses

BootstrapphaseWheretogetaddressspace?RealIPv6addressspacenowallocatedbyAPNIC,ARINandRIPENCC

APNIC 2001:0200::/23 ARIN 2001:0400::/23 RIPENCC 2001:0600::/23 6Bone 3FFE::/16HavealookatformoreinformationIPv6AddressSpace

CurrentAllocationsAPNIC()CONNECT-AU-199909162001:210::/35WIDE-JP-199908132001:200::/35NUS-SG-199908272001:208::/35KIX-KR-199910062001:220::/35ETRI-KRNIC-KR-199911242001:230::/35NTT-JP-199909222001:218::/35HINET-TW-200002082001:238::/35IIJ-JPNIC-JP-200003082001:240::/35CERNET-CN-200004262001:250::/35INFOWEB-JPNIC-JP-20005022001:258::/35JENS-JP-199910272001:228::/35BIGLOBE-JPNIC-JP-200007192001:260::/356DION-JPNIC-JP-200008292001:268::/35DACOM-BORANET-200009082001:270::/35ODN-JPNIC-JP-200009152001:278::/35KOLNET-KRNIC-KR-200009272001:280::/35HANANET-KRNIC-KR-200010302001:290::/35TANET-TWNIC-TW-200010062001:288::/35January5th,2001SONYTELECOM-JPNIC-JP-200012072001:298::/35TTNET-JPNIC-JP-200012082001:2A0::/35CCCN-JPNIC-JP-200012282001:02A8::/35IMNET-JPNIC-JP-200003142001:0248::/35KORNET-KRNIC-KR-200101022001:02B0::/35

ARIN()ESNET-V62001:0400::/35ARIN-0012001:0400::/23VBNS-IPV62001:0408::/35CANET3-IPV62001:0410::/35VRIO-IPV6-02001:0418::/35CISCO-IPV6-12001:0420::/35QWEST-IPV6-12001:0428::/35DEFENSENET2001:0430::/35ABOVENET-IPV62001:0438::/35SPRINT-V62001:0440::/35UNAM-IPV62001:0448::/35GBLX-V62001:0450::/35AgendaIPv6RationalesIPv6Protocols&StandardsIPv6Integration&Co-ExistenceCiscoIOSIPv6roadmapIPv6DeploymentIPv6-Sowhat’sreallychanged?!DefinedbyRFC2460Addresslengthquadrupledto16bytesFixedlength(Optionalheaders

daisy-chained)Nochecksumming(DonebyLinkLayer)Nohop-by-hopsegmentation(PathMTUdiscovery)Flowlabel/class(IntegratedQoSsupport)Concatenatedextensionheaders…IPv4HeaderIPv6HeaderIHLTypeofServiceOptionsTotalLengthIdentificationFlagsFragmentOffsetProtocolHeaderChecksumSourceAddressDestinationAddressPaddingTrafficClassFlowLabelPayloadLengthNextHeaderHopLimitSourceAddressDestinationAddressVersionTimetoLiveVersionIPv6MainFeatures/FunctionalityExpandedAddressSpaceHeaderFormatSimplificationAuto-configurationandMulti-HomingMobileIPwithouttriangularroutingClassofService/MultimediasupportAuthenticationandPrivacyCapabilitiesNomorebroadcast MulticastIPv4IPv6TransitionStrategyIPv6AddressingPrefixFormat(PF)AllocationPF=00000000:ReservedPF=0000001:ReservedforOSINSAPAllocation(seeRFC1888)PF=0000010:WasreservedforIPXAllocation(nouse)PF=001:AggregatableGlobalUnicastAddressPF=1111111010:LinkLocalUseAddressesPF=1111111011:SiteLocalUseAddressesPF=11111111:MulticastAddressesOthervaluesarecurrentlyUnassigned(approx.7/8thoftotal)AllPrefixFormatshavetohaveEUI-64bitsInterfaceIDButMulticastTextRepresentationofIPv6Addresses“preferred”form: 1080:0:FF:0:8:800:200C:417Acompressedform: FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:43 becomesFF01::43IPv4-compatible: 0:0:0:0:0:0: or::RFC2732:PreferredformatforliteralIPv6addressinURLGlobalUnicastAddresses(RFC2374)AggregatableGlobalUnicastFormat-RFC2374AddresshierarchymatchesInternetServiceProviderhierarchyTerminology:FP-FormatPrefix:Unicast(001),Multicast,AnycastTLA-TopLevelAggregatorGlobalISPNLA-NextLevelAggregatorISPSLA-SiteLevelAggregator“Customer”InterfaceID-HostFPTLAIDReservedNLAIDSLAIDInterfaceID3bits64bits13bits8bits24bits16bitsMulticastAddresses(RFC2375)low-orderflagindicatespermanent/transientgroup;threeotherflagsreservedscopefield: 1-nodelocal2-link-local5-site-local8-organization-localB-community-localE-global(allothervaluesreserved)4112bits8groupIDscopeflags4IPv6AddressingExamplesGlobalunicastaddress(es)is:2001:420:101:1::E0:F726:4E58,subnetis2001:420:101:1::0/64link-localaddressisFE80::E0:F726:4E58UnspecifiedAddressis0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0or::LoopbackAddressis0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1or::1GroupAddresses(Multicast),ie:FF02::9forRIPv6Joinedgroupaddress(es):FF02:0:0:0:0:1:FF:xxxx(solicitedNodeMulticast)Unicast:4037::01:800:200E:8C6CisFF02::1:FF0E:8C6CmoreonIPv6Addressing80bits32bits16bitsIPv4Address00000000……………0000IPv6AddresseswithEmbeddedIPv4Addresses80bits32bits16bitsIPv4AddressFFFF0000……………0000IPv4mappedIPv6addressIPv6Addresses

BootstrapphaseMinimumassignmenttoISPisa/35ISPcreatesownNLAboundary-or-ISPassigns/48SLAstoeachcustomer16bitsforsubnetworks 65536subnetworkspersite64bitsforhosts 18446744073710millionhostspersubnetwork!!IPv6Addresses

BootstrapphasesubTLAholderISPallocatesSLAstoend-customerssubTLAholderISPcreatesitsownNLAboundaryforcustomerISPsNLAIDSLAIDInterfaceID64bits35bits16bitsISPallocatedsubTLA13bitssiteaddressesISPaddressesNLA1SLAIDInterfaceID64bits35bits16bitsISPallocatedsubTLA6bitssiteaddresses7bitsNLA2ISPaddrISP2addrMTUIssuesminimumlinkMTUforIPv6is1280octets

(versus68octetsforIPv4)=> onlinkswithMTU<1280,link-specific

fragmentationandreassemblymustbeusedimplementationsareexpectedtoperformpathMTUdiscoverytosendpacketsbiggerthan1280minimalimplementationcanomitPMTUdiscoveryaslongasallpacketskept≤1280octetsaHop-by-HopOptionsupportstransmissionof“jumbograms”withupto232octetsofpayloadFragmentHeaderThoughdiscouraged,canuseIPv6Fragmentheadertosupportupperlayersthatdonot(yet)dopathMTUdiscoveryIPv6frag.&reas.isanend-to-endfunction;routersdonotfragmentpacketsen-routeiftoobig—theysendICMP“packettoobig”insteadNextHeaderOriginalPacketIdentifierNextHeaderFragmentOffset00MNeighbourDiscovery(RFC2461)ProtocolbuiltontopofICMPv6(RFC2463)combinationofIPv4protocols(ARP,ICMP,…)Fullydynamic,interactivebetweenHosts&Routersdefines5ICMPv6packettypesRouterSolicitation/RouterAdvertisementsNeighborSolicitation/NeighborAdvertisementsRedirect NeighbourDiscovery(RFC2461)definedmechanismsbetweennodesattachedonthesamelinkRouterdiscoveryPrefixdiscoveryParametersdiscovery,ie:linkMTU,hoplimit,…AddressautoconfigurationAddressResolution(samefunctionasARP)Next-hopdeterminationNeighborUnreachabilityDetection(usefulfordefaultrouters)DuplicateAddressDetectionRedirect(SingleSubnet

Scope,FormedfromReservedPrefixand

LinkLayerAddress)SUBNETPREFIXIPv6Auto-ConfigurationStateless(RFC2462)HostautonomouslyconfiguresitsownaddressLinklocaladdressingi.e.:FE80::E0:F726:4E58StatefulDHCPv6AddressinglifetimeFacilitatesgracefulrenumberingAddressesdefinedasvalid,deprecatedorinvalidSUBNETPREFIX+MACADDRESSSUBNETPREFIX+MACADDRESSSUBNETPREFIX+MACADDRESSSUBNETPREFIX+MACADDRESSServerlessAutoconfiguration

(“Plug-n-Play”)IPv6Hostscanconstructtheirownaddresses:subnetprefix(es)learnedfromperiodicmulticastadvertisementsfromneighboringrouter(s)interfaceIDsgeneratedlocally,e.g.,usingMACaddressesotherIP-layerparametersalsolearnedfromrouteradverts

(e.g.,routeraddresses,recommendedhoplimit,etc.)higher-layerinfo(e.g.,DNSserverandNTPserveraddresses)discoveredbymulticast/anycast-basedservice-locationprotocol

[detailsstilltobedecided]Auto-Reconfiguration

(“Renumbering”)Newaddressprefixescanbeintroduced,

andoldoneswithdrawnweassumesomeoverlapperiodbetweenoldandnew,

i.e.,no“flashcut-over”hostslearnprefixlifetimesandpreferabilityfromrouteradvertisementsoldTCPconnectionscansurviveuntilendofoverlap;

newTCPconnectionscansurvivebeyondoverlapRouterrenumberingprotocol,toallowdomain-interiorrouterstolearnofprefixintroduction/withdrawalNewDNSstructuretofacilitateprefixchangesUsessame“longest-prefixmatch”routingasIPv4CIDRKeytoscalablerouting—hierarchicaladdressingAssignmentofproductionIPv6Sub-TLAaddressprefixesobtainablefromRegistries(RIPE-NCC,APNIC,ARIN)since1999ExistingroutingprotocolsrequireextensionsforIPv6Neighbordiscovery—dynamichost<—>routerCanuseRoutingheaderwithanycastaddressestoroutepacketsthroughparticularregionse.g.,forproviderselection,policy,performance,etc.IPv6RoutingIPv6RoutingProtocolsUpdatetoexistingIPv4routingprotocolstohandlebiggeraddressesRIPv6(RFC2080)-SimilartoRIPv2BGP4+-Multi-ProtocolsExtensionsdefinedinRFC2283,2545IntegratedIS-IS-LargeAddresssupportfacilitatesIPv6addressfamily.Draft-ietf-isis-ipv6-01.OSPFforIPv6(RFC2740)NewprotocolimplementationIPv6MulticastRoutingPIM,MOSPF,MBGPhaveIPv6extensionsIPv6MulticasthaslargeraddressspaceremovingpotentialIPaddressescollisionMobile

IPv6TerminologyInternetMNHAAccessRouterHomeAgent(HA)MobileNode(MN)CareofAddress(COA)CorrespondentNode(CN)OverviewofMobile

IPv6Functionality1.MNobtainsIPaddressusingstatelessorstatefulautoconfiguration2.MNregisterswithHA3.HAtunnelspacketsfromCNtoMN4.MNsendspacketsfromCNdirectlyorviatunneltoHAHA1.2.MNCN4.3.MobileIPv6Plentyofaddresses2forMobileHosts>>2forMobileNetworksNodependencyonspecializedaccessnetworkfunctionality(ForeignAgent,DHCP)NAT/PT/ALGsneededduringmigrationfromIPv4toIPv6butdecreasewithtimeWhatdoesitdofor:SecurityNothingIP4doesn’tdo-IPSecrunsinbothbutIPv6mandatesIPSecQoSNothingIP4doesn’tdo-DifferentiatedandIntegratedServicesruninbothSofar,FlowlabelhasnorealuseIPServiceIPv4SolutionIPv6SolutionMobileIPwithDirectRoutingDHCP,ZeroConfMobileIPPIM/MulticastBGPIPMulticastPIM/MulticastBGP,ScopeIdentifierMobilityAutoconfigurationServerless,ZeroConf,Renumbering,DHCPIPv6TechnologyScope32-bit,Network

AddressTranslation128-bit,NAT-PTAddressingRangeQuality-of-ServiceDifferentiatedService,IntegratedServiceDifferentiatedService,IntegratedServiceSecurityIPSecMandatedIPSecIPv6StandardsStatusIPv6documentsareatvariouspointsinthestandardsprocess,coredocumentsaredoneDocumentreviewforcompleteness,followedbyissuesoradditionalwork.ToknowmoreaboutIPv6specificationsMaincoveredareasare:Architecture,Addressing,Routing,Security,Transition,DNS,Management,Discovery&Auto-Configuration,Mobility,Multicast,ApplicationsAPI,...IPv6CurrentStatus-StandardisationSeveralkeycomponentsnowonStandardsTrack: Specification(RFC2460) NeighbourDiscovery(RFC2461) ICMPv6(RFC2463) IPv6Addresses(RFC2373/4/5) RIP(RFC2080) BGP(RFC2545) IGMPv6(RFC2710) OSPF(RFC2740) RouterAlert(RFC2711) Jumbograms(RFC2675) Autoconfiguration(RFC2462)IPv6over: PPP(RFC2023) Ethernet(RFC2464) FDDI(RFC2467) TokenRing(RFC2470) NBMA(RFC2491) ATM(RFC2492) FrameRelay(RFC2590) ARCnet(RFC2549)AgendaIPv6RationalesIPngProtocols&Standards

IPv6Integration&Co-ExistenceCiscoIOSIPv6roadmapIPv6DeploymentIPv4-IPv6Co-Existence/TransitionAwiderangeoftechniqueshavebeenidentifiedandimplemented,basicallyfallingintothreecategories:(1) dual-stacktechniques,toallowIPv4andIPv6toco-existinthesamedevicesandnetworks(2) tunnelingtechniques,toavoidorderdependencieswhenupgradinghosts,routers,orregions(3) translationtechniques,toallowIPv6-onlydevicestocommunicatewithIPv4-onlydevicesExpectallofthesetobeused,incombinationDual-StackApproachWhenaddingIPv6toasystem,donotdeleteIPv4thismulti-protocolapproachisfamiliarandwell-understood(e.g.,forAppleTalk,IPX,etc.)note:inmostcases,IPv6willbebundledwithnewOSreleases,notanextra-costadd-onApplications(orlibraries)chooseIPversiontousewheninitiating,basedonDNSresponse:

if(desthasAAAAorA6record)useIPv6,elseuseIPv4whenresponding,basedonversionofinitiatingpacketThisallowsindefiniteco-existenceofIPv4andIPv6,andgradual,app-by-appupgradestoIPv6usageDRIVERIPv4IPv6APPLICATIONTCP/UDPTunnelstoGetThrough

IPv6-IgnorantRouters/SwitchesEncapsulateIPv6packetsinsideIPv4packets

(orMPLSframes)anymethodsexistforestablishingtunnels:manualconfiguration“tunnelbrokers”(usingweb-basedservicetocreateatunnel)“6-over-4”(intra-domain,usingIPv4multicastasvirtualLAN)“6-to-4”(inter-domain,usingIPv4addrasIPv6siteprefix)Canviewthisas:IPv6usingIPv4asavirtuallink-layer,oranIPv6VPN(virtualpublicnetwork),overtheIPv4Internet

(becoming“lessvirtual”overtime,wehope)IPv6TunnellingConfiguredtunnels—manualpoint-2-pointlinksAutomatictunnels—via6to4mechanism

2002::/16prefixCiscoinstrumentalinbuildingexisting

tunneledIPv6networksMobileDataNetworkServiceProviderIPv4BackboneIPv6TunnelIPv6TunnelIPv6TunnelIPv6NetworkIPv6NetworkIPv6HeaderTransportLayerHeaderIPv4HeaderIPv6HeaderTransportLayerHeaderDataDataTranslationMayprefertouseIPv6-IPv4protocoltranslationfor:newkindsofInternetdevices(e.g.,cellphones,cars,appliances)benefitsofsheddingIPv4stack(e.g.,serverlessautoconfig)ThisisasimpleextensiontoNATtechniques,totranslateheaderformataswellasaddressesIPv6nodesbehindatranslatorgetfullIPv6functionalitywhentalkingtootherIPv6nodeslocatedanywheretheygetthenormal(i.e.,degraded)NATfunctionalitywhentalkingtoIPv4devicesmethodsusedtoimproveNATfunctionality(e.g,ALGs,RSIP)canbeusedequallytoimproveIPv6-IPv4functionalityIPv4-IPv6Translation:NAT-PTIPv4/v6NetworkIPv4NetworkNAT-PTNGTransWorkingGroupDefinetheprocessesbywhichnetworkscanbetransitionedfromIPv4toIPv6Define&specifythemandatoryandoptionalmechanismthatvendorsaretoimplementinHosts,RoutersandothercomponentsoftheInternetinorderfortheTransition.AgendaIPv6RationalesIPngProtocols&StandardsIPv6Integration&Co-Existence

CiscoIOSIPv6roadmapIPv6DeploymentDeploymentofIPv6Services:WhatourCustomersaresaying!SatisfyBusinessDrivers,aka.Applicationsrequiringend-to-endIPv6trafficforwarding,geographieswithregistryallocationsissuesNoFlagDayNoPerformancePenalty,implementationmustbescalableandreliableMinimizeoperationalupgradecostsandtrainingexpenses

InvestmentProtection&LowstartupcostIncrementalUpgrade/Deployment PreserveIPv6-IPv4connectivity/transparencyStrategythatreflectsthis…StartingwithEdgeupgradesenableIPv6serviceofferingsnowIPv6@CiscoSystemsCo-chairofIETFIPv6WGandNGtransWGWellKnownCisco6Bonerouter~50tunnelswithothercompaniesactsas6to4RelayOfficialCiscoIPv6prefixregisteredtoARIN(2001:0420::/35)‘FoundingMember’oftheIPv6ForumOfficialCCOIPv6pageisCiscoIPv6StatementofDirectionpublishedlastJuneCiscoIOSIPv6EFTavailableforfreesince3years~around500sitesrunningWorldwideReadytodeliveracommercialreleaseofCiscoIOSIPv6includingCiscoIOSIPv6training&TACsupportPhaseIIIBeyondMid-2001PhaseIIMid-2001PhaseIIOS12.2(1)TQ1CY2001EarlyAdopterDeploymentProductionBackboneDeploymentEnhancedIPv6ServicesMarketTargetIOSReleaseCiscoIOSRoadmap:

TheConfluenceofIPv4/IPv6IOSupgrade=FreeIPv6supportPhaseIEarlyAdoptersIOS12.2(1)TQ1CY2001AnyrouterabletorunthisreleaseCisco800toCisco7500IPv6Basicspecification(RFC2460)ICMPv6,NeighborDiscoveryStatelessauto-configurationRIPv6(RFC2080)Multi-ProtocolextensionsforBGP4(RFC2545&2858)ConfiguredandAutomaticTunnels6to4TunnelStandardAccessListIPv6overEthernet(10/100/1000Mb/s),FDDI,CiscoHDLC,ATMandFRPVC,PPP(Serial,POS,ISDN)Ping,Traceroute,Telnet,TFTP,IPv6FeaturesSupportedIOSReleaseCiscoIOSIPv6PhaseIIOSupgrade=FreeIPv6supportPhaseIIBackboneDeploymentCiscoIOS12.2(3)Tor(4)TEstimatedEFTdatesin()SpecificCisco12000releaseon12.0STi/IS-ISv6(Q1CY01)CEFv6/dCEFv6(Q3CY01)Dial(Q2CY01)ExtendedAccessList(Q3CY01)NAT-PT(Q2CY01)IPv6Edgerouter(6PE)overMPLS(Q3CY01)DNSAAAAclient(Q1CY01)IPv6MIB(Q3CY01)PhaseISustainingIPv6FeaturesunderdevelopmentIOSReleaseCiscoIOSIPv6PhaseIIPhaseIIIBeyondMid-2001PhaseIIMid-2001PhaseIIOS12.2(1)TQ1CY2001MultiprotocolBGP,RIPv6,ICMPv6,ND,TunnelSupport,6to4,Ping,Traceroute,Telnet,FTP,StandardAccessLists,Etc.NB.ExcludesC12000andC10000CEFv6,IPv6overMPLS,ProtocolTranslationIPv6IPv4,AdditionalRoutingProtocols(e.g.IntegratedIS-IS),Dial,IPv6MIB,Etc.HardwareAcceleration,OSPFv6,Mobility,Multicast,Voice-over-IPv6,Security,QoS…IPv6FeaturesSupportedIOSReleaseCiscoIOSRoadmap:

TheConfluenceofIPv4/IPv6IOSupgrade=FreeIPv6supportOpenChallengesDeterminingfutureIPv6routingtablesizeIPv6performancelevelneeded,basedonREALIPv6trafficexpectationsNext12months?,24months?MobileIPv6Clients,ApplicationandNetworkdesignIPsecversusFirewallonIPv6networksIPv6QoSfeaturessetneededfor3GnetworksNetworkManagementtoolsTransitionTools,whichones?NAT-PTALGsupport?FieldTrainingInteroperabilityOthers?AgendaIPv6RationalesIPngProtocols&StandardsIPv6Integration&Co-ExistenceCiscoIOSIPv6roadmap

IPv6DeploymentDeploymentscenarioManywaystodeliverIPv6servicestoEndUsersMostimportantisEndtoEndIPv6trafficforwardingServiceProvidersandEnterprisesmayhavedifferentdeploymentneedsIPv6overIPv4tunnelsSeparatenativeIPv6

noimpactonIPv4traffic&revenuesvariousdatalinklayersATM,FR,Serial,Sonet/SDH,WDMDualstackNetworksIPv6overMPLSorIPv4-IPv6DualStackRoutersIPv6TunnelsoverIPv4orMPLSInfrastructureIPv4EnterpriseIPv6overIPv4Internetala6BoneAnyCiscoIOS12.2(1)TrouterscanbeusedasIPv6router6to4TunnelManualTunnelAutomaticTunnel IPv4compatibleIPv6LeveragingdefinedTunnelingTechnologyNoimpactonexistingIPv4orMPLSinfrastructureusinghigh-speedPOSinterfacesEdgeIPv6Infrastructure:IPv6EnterpriseIPv6EnterpriseIPv6overIPv4Internet:MobileDataMobileDataServiceProvider

IPv4orMPLSBackboneTranslatingGatewayTranslatingGatewayNativeIPv6overDedicatedLinksIPv6EnterpriseIPv6EnterpriseIPv6EnterpriseTranslatingGatewayNativeIPv6linksoverdedicatedinfrastructuresNoimpactonIPv4trafficandrevenuesAnyCiscoIOS12.2(1)TrouterscanbeconfiguredATM&FrameRelayPVC’sSerialLines,Sonet/SDH,FE/GE

Cisco12000withSonet/SDHinterfacescangetIPv6supportToday,EFTonprivate12.0STbranch

IPv6overFE/GE,ATMorSonet/SDHcanrunoveranopticalinfrastructure(dedicatedlamda)ServiceProviderATM/FR/WDMBackboneIPv6EdgeRouter(6PE)overMPLS2001:0421::2001:0420::PPPP6PE6PEIPv4IPv6IPv62001:0621::IPv46PE6PEIPv4IPv62001:0620::IPv6MP-iBGPsessionsv6v6v6v6v4v4v4

ManyCarriers,largeISPandMobileSPhaveinvestedonMPLSinfrastructure

CoredevicesmaybeATMswitches,GSRorothervendor’srouters

LeveragesofMPLSfeatures,eg.MPLS/VPN,TE,CoS,...

UMTSRelease5requiresIPv6

GSM,GPRSandUMTSRelease99needscircuitswitchingaswellasIP

Multipleimplementation’soptionstointegrateIPv6IPv6onCE,IPv6overAToM,IPv6Edgerouter(6PE),nativeIPv6MPLS

6PEallowstheSPtoofferIPv6atlowercostandriskOC48/192DualStackIPv4-IPv6backboneCanbeachievedbeginningwithCiscoIOS12.2(1)Tbuthavetoconsiderthefollowing:IPv4HardwareForwardingversusIPv6SoftwareForwardingMemorysizeforIPv4andIPv6routingtablesShouldIPv4andIPv6routetoasingledual-stackedgerouterthesame?Dualstackmanagement?IPv4andIPv6trafficshouldnotimpacteachother.Requiremorefeedback&experimentsIPv4/v6EnterpriseIPv4/v6EnterpriseIPv6EnterpriseServiceProviderIPv4/IPv6BackboneTranslatingGatewayIPv6RouterIPv4EnterpriseIPv4EnterpriseNativeIPv6-OnlyBackbone?Requires:IPv4overIPv6Tunnelsfor

IPv4trafficHardwareforwarding

forIPv6NAT-PTfor

IPv4-IPv6communicationsNetworkManagement

overIPv6NotrecommendedtodayIPv6IntranetIPv4TunnelIPv4/v6IntranetMobileIPv6IPv4IntranetIPv6IntranetIPv6BackboneTranslatingGatewayTranslatingGatewayOtherIPv6ImplementationsMostofOperatingSystemscandeliveranIPv6stackInternetworkingvendorsarecommittedonIPv6supportForanupdatestatus,pleasecheckonimplementations.2.htmlApplicationsIPv6awarenessNetUtilities(ping,finger,ifconfigetc),NFS,RoutingDaemonsFTP,TELNET,&Browser,Sendmail,SMTPInteroperabilityhastobeconsideredIPv6Forum~98vendorsCiscoisfoundingmemberMissionistopromoteIPv6nottospecifyit(IETF)6BONEThe6boneisanIPv6testbedsetuptoassistintheevolutionanddeploymentofIPv6intheInternet.The6boneisavirtualnetworklayeredontopofportionsofthephysicalIPv4-basedInternettosupportroutingofIPv6packets,asthatfunctionhasnotyetbeenintegratedintomanyproductionrouters.ThenetworkiscomposedofislandsthatcandirectlysupportIPv6packets,linkedbyvirtualpoint-to-pointlinkscalled"tunnels".Thetunnelendpointsaretypicallyworkstation-classmachineshavingoperatingsystemsupportforIpv6.46countriesarecurrentlyinvolvedRegistry,mapsandotherinformationmaybefoundonTestaddressspacedefinedinRFC2471-3FFE::/16Definitions:FP-FormatPrefix001TLA-specialTLA0x1FFEpTLA-pseudoTopLevelAggregatorTransitISP -expandedfrom8to12bitsGuidelinesforroutingon6bone-RFC2772IPv6Addresses-6boneFPpTLAIDNLAIDSLAIDInterfaceID3bits64bits13bits24bits16bits8bitsTLAIDFurtherInformationIETFIPv6specificationsIETFNGTransWGIPv6WorldWideTestbed:IPv6specificationsandimplementationsimplementations.2.htmlIPv6Promotion:IPv6ResearchandEducationNetworks:IPv6-ConclusionMonitorCommercialproductsavailabilitySUNSolaris8,FreeBSD,MicrosoftWindows,HP-Unix,IBMAIX,Compaq,…NewMobilespecifications(3GPPR00,MWIF)callforIPv6IPv6ServicesDeploymentfromProviders

IntegrationandCo-existencemechanismsdeployedNAT-PT,6to4,IPv6overMPLS,nativeIPv6,…TryCiscoIOS:theConfluenceofIPv4/v6

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