新教材高中英语UNITHEALTHYLIFESTYLESectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage基础训练含解析新人教版选择性必修第三册

PAGEPAGE9LearningAboutLanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1.WefirmlysupporttheAsian,AfricanandLatinAmericanpeopleintheirstruggleforliberation(liberate).2.Adisturbing(disturb)thoughtcrossedmymind.3.Ifyouhaveaspecificproblemthatrequiresspecialskills,youneedtohireaspecialist(special)whohasthoseskills.4.IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandnaturallyIwouldn’twanttotakeuptoomuchofyourtime.5.Forthesakeofyourhealth,youshouldkeeptakingexerciseandcutoutallfattyfoodsandsugarydrinks.6.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,pleasegetintouchwithanexperiencedconsultant(consult).7.Itissaidthatmorethantensurgeons(surgeon)areneededinthenewhospital.8.Lookingaround,theysawamanwithalittlegirlskipping(skip)alongbehindhim.9.Reportersshouldsticktoinvestigating(investigate)thefacts.10.Simply(simple)speaking,ablackholeiswhat’sleftafteralargestardies.11.Itmightbeagoodideatoshave(shave)offyourbeardbeforegoingtothecompanyfortheinterview.12.Hewentouttobuyapacketofcigarettes(cigarette).13.Acarwascomingtowardsthegirlquicklyandshewastoofrightenedbythesighttomove(move).14.Insuchanurgentsituation,Tomhadnochoicebuttoturntothestrangerforhelp.15.Beethovenisthemostfamousclassicalcomposer(compose)oftheWesternworld.Ⅱ.句型转换1.Todriveacarwithoutadriver’slicenseisillegalforyou.（it作形式主语）Itisillegalforyoutodriveacarwithoutadriver’slicense.2.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces.（不定式作主语）Tousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesisnotreallyagoodidea.3.Withoutmotivation,youcan’tsetagoalorreachit.(neither…nor…)Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.4.Ifyoucanlearntousetimewisely,youcanmakethemostofeachday.（祈使句+and+陈述句）Learntousetimewisely,andyoucanmakethemostofeachday.5.IknowwhereIcanfindthatyoungman.（疑问词+不定式）Iknowwheretofindthatyoungman.6.Johnisstilltooyoungandhasn’trealizedthatthereisaconnectionbetweeneducationandhisfuture.(too…to…)Johnisstilltooyoungtorealizethatthereisaconnectionbetweeneducationandhisfuture.7.Onebittermorning,thelittleboycameaboutanhourlateandscreamedwithpain.（非谓语动词作状语）Onebittermorning,thelittleboycameaboutanhourlate,screamingwithpain.8.Withsuchabusylife,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.（不定式作主语）Withsuchabusylife,totryandfindthetimetoworkoutcanbehard.Ⅲ.完成句子1.只要有目标，任何时候开始学习都不会太迟。(too…to…)It’snevertoolatetolearnaslongasthegoalissetup.2.房间里放了一张新桌子，但它有点大，占了太多的地方。(takeup)Anewtablewasplacedintheroombutitwasalittlebigandtookuptoomuchroom.3.很明显删去这部分不会损害故事的连续性。(cutout)Itisobviousthatthispartcanbecutoutwithoutharmingthecontinuityofthestory.4.下定决心要赢的人永远不会说“不可能”。(makeupone’smind)Themanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversay“impossible”.5.昨天，他查阅了字典中有关表达的解释。(consultadictionary)Heconsultedadictionaryabouttheexplanationoftheexpressionyesterday.素养综合练Ⅰ.阅读理解（2020江西临川一中检测）PangHuiplacedafewmorepairsofchopsticksonthetableforafamilydinner,thoughshedidnotexpectherbigfamilyofsevenwouldusethemasservingchopsticks.Surprisingly,her75-year-oldfather,whousedtoshrugofftheideaofservingchopsticks,becameafirmsupporterthistime,saidPang,40,fromBeihai,acoastalcityofSouthChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.Chinesepeopleoftensharedishes,anddinersusetheirownchopstickstoservethemselvesfoodfromtheshareddishes,atraditionnowbeingchallengedbytheoutbreakofCOVID-19.“Wefeelasenseofcrisisaswellastheurgetodesertouroldhabitswhenweseereportsoffamilyclusterinfection,”Pangsaid,pointingtothereportsofthevirusspreadingviaclosecontact.Localgovernmentsarehelpingtoencourageashift,too.OnFeb.13，2020，localauthoritiesofBeihaistartedacampaignpromotingservingchopsticksandspoons,whichwouldavoidcross-infectioncausedbytheuseofpersonalchopsticks.SimilarmeasureswerealsoadoptedinothercitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandHangzhou.TaizhouinEastChina’sJiangsuProvinceevenstandardizedthedesignsofservingchopsticksandspoonstohelpdinersdifferentiate（区分）themfrompersonalones.Thepracticeofeatingwildanimalshasbeentargetedbythegovernment,whichremainspresentincertainareas.Chinastoppedtheillegaltradingandtransportationofwildanimalsshortlyaftertheoutbreak.ThemovebecameapermanentbanonFeb.24,2020,whenthecountrymadeacountrymadeadecisiononthoroughlyprohibitingtheillegaltradingofwildlifeandtheconsumptionofwildanimals.LiBo,withtheHainanInternationalCenterforWildlifeProtection,saidthatwildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies,damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople’shealth.“Theepidemic（流行病）couldbecomeaturningpointintheefforttoeliminatethebadhabit,”Lisaid.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutPangHui’sfamilyfromthetext?A.Thereareusuallymorethansevenpeoplediningtogether.B.Theyhavestartedtouseservingchopsticksattable.C.PangHui’sfatheropposesusingservingchopsticks.D.Theydon’tknowhowtoavoidbeinginfectedwiththevirus.2.Accordingtothetext,whathasbeendonebythegovernment?A.Thetraditionofsharingdisheshasbeenabandoned.B.Cross-infectionhasbeenprevented.C.Eatingwildanimalshasbeenforbidden.D.Standardpersonalchopstickshavebeenadopted.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Explain.B.Discover.C.Form.D.Remove.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ServingChopsticksPromotedB.WaystoHelpPeopleStayHealthyC.TheOutbreakofCOVID-19LeadstoChangesD.ChinaBansTradinginWildlife答案：1.B解析：1.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情让大家意识到传统的家庭用餐方式可导致病毒传播。另外，各地政府主张使用公筷，并且禁止食用、买卖或运输野生动物。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据文章第一段的内容以及第二段中的“Surprisingly,her…becameafirmsupporterthistime”可知，他们一家已经开始使用公筷，故选B。答案：2.C解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知，政府已禁止食用野生动物，故选C。答案：3.D解析：3.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“LiBo…saidthatwildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies,damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople’shealth.”可知，LiBo认为食用野生动物会加速某些物种的灭绝，破坏生态平衡以及损害人们的健康，希望通过这次疫情能禁止人们食用野生动物。由此可以推断出画线词所在句表示“这次流行病可能成为消除这个坏习惯的转折点”，故选D。答案：4.C解析：4.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】本文主要讲述新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情让大家意识到传统的家庭用餐方式可导致病毒传播。另外，各地政府主张使用公筷，并且禁止食用野生动物。由此可知文章的主题就是新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情暴发带来的变化，故选C。深度解析词汇积累1.shrugoff对……不予理睬2.crisisn.危机3.desertvt.抛弃；舍弃4.targetvt.把……作为攻击目标；把……作为批评的对象5.prohibitvt.禁止6.extinctionn.灭绝；消亡Ⅱ.语法填空A（2020安徽界首高二期末）Foodwasteisoneofthegreatest1(challenge)ofourtime,andfruitandvegetablesare2(especial)problematic,asabout52%ofthemgobadbeforereachingconsumers.ButoneMalaysiancompanyhascomeup3asimplesolutiontothisproblem-atinystickerthatkeepsfruitfromgoingbadforuptoweeks.You’veprobablyseenstickersonfruitbefore,butnotliketheones4(create)bytheMalaysiancompany.Thosecommonstickersareusedonlytoprovideconsumerswithinformationaboutthegrowersandhowthefruitwasgrown,butStixfreshhas5completelydifferentpurpose.It6(contain)somethingspecialandall-naturalthatslowsdowntheripening（成熟）process,keepingthefruitfreshandjuicyformuch7(long).TheStixfreshfounderZhafriZainudinsaidthathethoughtoftheideaforthestickersaftervisitingafriend8ranafruitstore.Themanwasworriedaboutlosingmoneyeverydaybecauseofbadfruit,butheknewthattherewasnowaytostopnaturefromtaking9(it)course.TheMalaysianbusinessmanworkedwithmanyuniversities10(develop)andtesthissticker.Atfirst,Stixfreshstickerswereonlyusedtolengthentheshelflifeofmangoes,butthecompanylaterworkedonotherfruits,likethedragonfruit,thestarfruit,applesandpears...9.10.答案：1.challenges解析：1.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家马来西亚公司用一个小贴纸让水果在几周内不变质。考查名词复数。oneof后面用可数名词复数形式。答案：2.especially解析：2.考查副词。修饰形容词problematic需要用副词形式。答案：3.with解析：3.考查介词。comeupwith提出，为固定短语。答案：4.created解析：4.考查非谓语动词。根据by可知表被动，这里用过去分词短语作定语，修饰代词ones。答案：5.a解析：5.考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表泛指，意为“一，一个”。答案：6.contains解析：6.考查动词时态及主谓一致。根据上下文可知，此处是一般现在时，且主语It是单数，所以填contains。答案：7.longer解析：7.考查形容词比较级。根据空前的much可知，此处用比较级。答案：8.who/that解析：8.考查定语从句关系词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词afriend，指代人，在从句中作主语。答案：9.its解析：9.考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词course。答案：10.todevelop解析：10.考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。B（2020山西运城高二期末调研测试）Organicfoodisverypopularthesedays,butcanalsobeveryexpensive.Parentsofyoungchildren,andevensomepetowners,willpayhighprices1organicfood.Butmanyothersthinkorganicfoodisjust2wasteofmoney.Thereisonemain3(differ)betweenorganicandnon-organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicalssuchaspesticidesthatstopinsectsfromdamagingcrops.Inmany4(country),foodsthatareclaimedtobeorganicmusthavespeciallabelsthatguaranteethey5(grow)organically.Somepeoplethinkorganicfoodalsomeans“locallygrown”,and6(original)thiswastrue.Atfirst,onlysmallcompaniesproducedtheseproducts.Butlater,bigfoodcompaniesalsobegansellingorganicproducts.Smallorganicfoodcompaniesfounditdifficult7(compete)withthesebigcompan