项目经理职责02

欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!感谢阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!感谢阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!感谢阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!塞拉尼斯ChinaLite项目LubrizolAdditive(Zhuhai)Co.,LtdPhaseI&IIProject管桩试桩工程施工方案TubularPileEngineeringConstructionMethodStatement项目编号：CC1117F1209-CON-004No.：CC1117F1209-CON-004（版次：0版）(Revision:0)湖南省建筑工程集团总公司CNCEC14thZhuhaiLZAProjectManagement201Feb20,2012目录TableofContent目录TableofContent 11． 编制说明CompilationSpecification 31.1编制依据BasisofCompilation 31.2采用规范、标准Regulation&StandardApplied 32． 工程概况EngineeringProfile 42.1项目概况ProjectProfile 42.2工程量一览表BillofQuantities 43． 施工组织部署ConstructionOrganizationAllocation 63.1施工技术准备ConstructionTechnicalPreparation 63.2施工现场准备ProjectSitePreparation 93.3施工物资准备Constructionmaterialpreparation 103.4资源配备计划ResourceAllocationPlan 113.5工程进度计划ProjectProgressPlan 134． 施工顺序Constructionsequence 145． 施工测量ConstructionMeasurement 155.1测量一般要求GeneralRequirementforMeasurement 155.2测量控制原则MeasurementControlPrinciple 155.3测量方法MeasurementMethod 155.4测量质量标准MeasurementQualityStandard 166． 主要施工方法MainConstructionMethod 176.1工艺流程ProcessFlow 176.2施工方法ConstructionMethod 206.2.1桩位放样PileLocationSetUp 206.2.2桩机就位PilingMachineInPosition 206.2.3管桩堆放TubularPileStacking 206.2.4吊桩插桩Pileliftingandplanting 206.2.5垂直度调整VerticalityAdjustment 226.2.6静压沉桩StaticSinkingPile 226.2.7沉桩过程中遇块石的应急处理措施Emergencycountermeasuresagainstheavystonesduringpilesinking 236.2.8接桩连接PileSplicing 246.2.9沉桩控制DoubleControlonSinkingPile 267． 质量保证措施QualityAssuranceMeasure 277.1质量岗位责任制度QualityOccupationalResponsibilitySystem 277.2质量专项检查制度QualitySpecificInspectionSystem 277.3施工过程控制措施ControlMeasureDuringContractionProcess 298． HSE管理措施HSEManagementMeasure 338.1主要危险源及环境因素识别MajorHazard&EnvironmentFactorIdentification 338.2HSE管理措施ManagementMeasure 338.3HSE技术措施HSE(Health&SafetyEducation)TechnicalMeasure 358.4桩机管理措施PilingMachineManagementMeasure 378.4.1桩机管理台帐PilingMachineManagementList 378.4.2桩机使用和维护PilingMachineOperationandMaintenance 388.4.3桩机安装与启用PilingMachineInstallationandLaunch 388.4.4操作人员要求Operator 398.5文明施工管理CivilizedConstructionManagement 398.6环境保护措施EnvironmentalProtectionMeasures 40

编制说明CompilationSpecification1.1编制依据BasisofCompilation（1）连云港美盛沃利工程有限公司设计的塞拉尼斯ChinaLite项目桩基工程图纸。LubrizolAdditive(Zhuhai)Co.,LtdfirstphaseandsecondphaseprojectpilefoundationengineeringconstructiondrawingweredesignedbyHualuEngineering&TechnologyCo.,Ltd.（2）我公司现行的质量、环境、职业健康安全“三合一”管理手册和程序文件。ThecurrentQuality/Environment/OccupationalHealthSafety(“ThreeinOne”)managementmanualandproceduredocument.1.2采用规范、标准Regulation&StandardApplied《工程测量规范》GB50026-2007CodeforEngineeringSurveyingGB50026-2007《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》GB50202-2002CodeforBuildingFoundationEngineeringConstructionQualityAcceptanceGB50202-2002《建筑桩基技术规范》JGJ94-2008CodeforBuildingPilefoundationTechnologyJGJ94-2008《预应力砼管桩》10G409Pre-stressedConcreteTubularpile10G409《建筑桩基检测技术规范》JGJ106-2003CodeforBuildingPileFoundationInspectionTechnologyJGJ106-2003《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》JGJ46-2005CodeforConstructionSiteTemporaryElectricitySafetyTechnologyJGJ46-2005《建筑施工现场环境与卫生标准》JGJ146-2004EnvironmentalandhealthstandardsonBuildingConstructionSiteJGJ146-2004工程概况EngineeringProfile2.1项目概况ProjectProfile建设单位：塞拉尼斯（南京）化工有限公司ProjectOwner：LubrizolAdditive(Zhuhai)Co.,Ltd业主代表：北京美盛沃利工程技术有限公司施工单位：湖南建筑工程集团总公司Constructionunit:ChinaIndustryGeotechnicalEngineeringCo.,Ltd.HunanCSAEngineeringGroupCorporation项目地址：广东省珠海市高栏港经济区Projectaddress:ZhuhaiGaoLanPortEco2.2工程量一览表BillofQuantities根据招标文件，桩型分别为6根PHC700AB（130）和6根PHC600AB（130）两种桩型，共12根预应力高强管桩。Accordingtodesignclarification,threeworkingplacesarereadyforpilefoundationconstructionatpresent,theyare:01194Phenoxideproducttankfiled,o2194Sulfonateproducttankfiledand06191PolyisobutyleneSuccinicAnhydrideproductfiled.Totallythereare262piecesoftubularpileswhichareallpreloadinghigh-strengthconcretetubularpilesandareuniformlyPHC500AB(100)type.管桩工程量一览表如下。Billofquantitiesfortubularpileisasfollows.序号桩编号管桩型号桩长(m)数量(根)总长度(m)1TP1aC80PHC700AB13061161TP1bC80PHC700AB13061161TP1cC80PHC700AB130611612TP2aC80PHC700AB13059159TP2bC80PHC700AB13059159TP2cC80PHC700AB130591593TP3aC80PHC600AB13054154TP3bC80PHC600AB13054154TP3cC80PHC600AB130541544TP4aC80PHC600AB13054154TP4bC80PHC600AB13054154TP4cC80PHC600AB13054154合计12684No.LocationNo.TubularpiletypePiletiptypeLength(m)Bearingcapacity(KN)Qty(piece)Totallength(m)1PhenoxideproducttankfiledPile-1PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed451650934185Pile-2PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed451650290Pile-3PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed451650290Pile-4PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed4216502842SulfonateproducttankfiledPile-1PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed451650632835Pile-2PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed451650290Pile-3PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed4216502843PolyisobutyleneSuccinicAnhydrideproductfiledPile-1PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed471650853995Pile-2PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed47165010470Pile-3PHC500AB125CrossshapeClosed441650288Total26312011NoteType,lengthandquantityofthetubularpilesarecalculatedbasedoncurrentdrawings.Thefinaldatawillbebasedonformaldesignconstructionblueprint.(2)EachpilepositionshouldbenumberedlikeZ1、Z2、Z3onebyonebasedonunitworks.Thepilepositionnumberingillustrationisshownintheconstructionrecordsandkeptinthehandoverdocuments.施工组织部署ConstructionOrganizationAllocation3.1施工技术准备ConstructionTechnicalPreparation资料收集DataCollection自然条件：地质条件；施工图及有关文件；国家、地方、行业相关法规。施工条件：场地概况；施工道路；地上、地下各种管线位置。Environmentalcondition:geologicalcondition;constructiondrawingsandrelevantdocument;relevantnational,localandindustriallawsandregulation。Constructioncondition:siteprofile,allkindsofabove-groundandundergroundpipeslocations.制定技术方案。正确掌握设计意图，统一技术人员的一致认识，分析施工特点，考虑场地施工条件，制定出合理、可行且符合技术要求的技术方案。Compiletechnicalplan.Workoutreasonable,feasibleandtechnically-consistenttechnicalplanthroughcorrectlymasterdesignintention,unifytechnicians’understanding,analyzeconstructioncharacteristics,andconsidersiteconstructioncondition.控制点、水准点的设置。复核测量基线、水准基点。应设置稳固的场内控制点。在施工区域附近位置设置控制点、水准点，对控制点进行加固，设立可靠标志，以防破坏。Setupofcontrolpointandbenchmark.Doublecheckmeasuringbaselineandbenchmark.Stablecontrolpointsshouldbeestablishedwithinthefield.Setupcontrolpointandbenchmarknearconstructionarea.Reinforcethecontrolpointandsetupreliablesignstoavoiddamage.技术交底。对凡与本工程质量有关的施工人员在施工前进行技术交底，明确工程质量目标，吃透技术方案，掌握质量控制标准和保证质量的控制点。Technicalclarification.Technicalclarificationtoallthequality-relatedconstructionpersonnelinthisprojectpriortotheirworktoclarifyprojectqualityobjectives,makingthemfullyunderstandofthetechnicalplan,graspqualitycontrolstandardandassurecontrolpointtoguaranteequality测量器具标定。开工前标定量测器具，包括水准仪、经纬仪的精度，钢尺器具的精度，误差必须在允许范围内。Measuringinstrumentcalibration.Calibratemeasurementinstrumentpriortowork,includingaccuracyofspiritlevel,theodoliteandsteeltape.Theerrormustbewithintheallowedrange.人员培训。对所有参与本工程的施工人员进行培训，并核发本项目上岗证，坚决杜绝无证上岗。本项目培训按公司程序文件执行，培训的重点有三方面，即：技术培训、施工作业培训、安全培训。Personneltraining.Trainingforalltheconstructionpersonnelinvolvedinthisprojectandawardthemwithcertificateofthisproject.Completelyeradicateworkingwithoutcertificate.Projecttrainingisimplementedaccordingtocompanyprocedurewhichhasthreemainaspectsthatare:technicaltraining,constructionoperationtrainingandsafetytraining.1）技术培训TechnicalTraining培训对象：技术人员、施工作业人员、后勤保障材料供应人员。Targetparticipants:technicians,constructionpersonnel,logisticguaranteematerialsupplypersonnel.培训内容：技术要求、施工技术方案、质量目标、预防性技术措施、质量控制标准、常见问题处理措施、各类事件处理程序与记录、质量管理奖惩规定。TrainingContent:technicalrequirement,constructiontechnicalplan,qualityobjectives,preventativetechnicalmeasure,qualitycontrolstandard,FrequentlyAskedQuestionstreatment,measures,treatmentprocedureandrecordforvariousofincidents,qualitymanagementrewardandpenaltyprevisions.培训方法：由项目技术负责人负责，采用集中学习的方式。Trainingmethod:chargedbyprojecttechnicalleaderandapplyclassroomstudy.2）施工作业培训Constructionoperationtraining培训对象：施工作业人员、参与项目人员、技术人员。Targetparticipants:constructionpersonnel,projectpersonnelandtechnicians.培训内容：施工组织、施工作业指导书、施工管理规定。Trainingcontent:constructionorganization,constructionoperationinstruction,constructionmanagementprevisions.培训方法：由施工经理负责，采用集中学习的方式。Trainingmethod:chargedbyprojecttechnicalleaderandapplyclassroomstudy.3）安全培训Safetytraining培训对象：本项目所有参与人员。Targetparticipants:allthepersonnelinthisproject培训内容：安全目标、安全技术措施、安全细则、安全管理及奖惩规定。Trainingcontent:safetyobjective,safetytechnicalmeasure,safetydetailedrulesandregulations,safetymanagementandreward&penaltyprevisions.培训方法：由安全工程师负责，采用集中学习的方式。Trainingmethod:chargedbyprojecttechnicalleaderandapplyclassroomstudy.以上三部分培训，由项目技术总工主持，项目部成员需参加，培训后，由项目经理核发培训上岗证。Projecttechnicalchiefengineerisinchargetohostthethreetrainingsmentionedabove,projectdepartmentmemberattendthetrainings.Afterthetraining,projectmanagershouldcheckandawardthemwithcertificates.（7）桩机在使用前，必须将桩机的产品合格证，参与桩机施工人员的资格证，测量仪器（全站仪，经纬仪，水准仪），仪表（压桩压力表，夹桩压力表）等材料报送。审核合格后方可进行施工。Beforethepiledrivingmachineisputintouse,theconformancecertificateofmachine,qualificationcertificateofoperators,thecertificatesofmeasurementdevicessuchastotalstation,transitinstrumentandlevelinginstrumentandapparatuslikepilepressingpressuremeterandpileclampmetershouldbesubmitted.Aftertheirapproval,theconstructioncanbeallowed.3.2施工现场准备ProjectSitePreparation现场设立水、电接口，场内设置分水管和分电缆，保证供水、供电量满足施工要求。Setupwater,electricalportsonsite.Setupbranchwaterpipeandelectriccabletoguaranteewaterandelectricsupplymeetconstructionrequirement.规划施工通道（见总平面图），确保机具设备、材料顺利进场。Planconstructionaccessway(seemasterplan)toguaranteethedeliveryoftools,equipmentsandmaterial.对施工现场进行整平、压实处理，确保施工顺序进行。Levelandcompactconstructionsitetoguaranteethesmoothimplementationofconstruction.施工现场实行封闭管理、非施工人员不得擅自进入。Implementclosedmanagementonconstructionsitetopreventanynon-constructionpersonnelfromentering.设立临时材料堆放场地，临时材料应选择在桩基施工区域周围，以不影响正常桩基施工的就近原则进行材料的堆放。管桩材料应堆放平稳。Setuptemporarymaterialstackingarea.Thetemporarymaterialsshouldbeputaroundthepilingareaandstackedforconvenienceofmaterialshandling.Tubularpilesshouldbeplacedsmoothandsteady.现场人员应挂牌上岗，必须戴安全帽，穿工作鞋，文明施工。Sitepersonnelshouldworkwithcertificateandwearsafetyhelmetandworkingshoestocreateacivilizedworkingenvironment.3.3施工物资准备Constructionmaterialpreparation本工程所用管桩，由项目部选择几家管桩生产厂家，并将厂家资料报验至WPC处，经项目部、WPC对厂家进行考察后，根据考察情况确定合格供方，并报WPC确认后，方可实施采购。TubularpilesmanufacturersshouldbeselectedbyPM.AndthePMwillsubmittheinformationaboutmanufacturerstoWPC.ThevendorsaretobedeterminedafteranexaminationjointlybyPMandWPC.Furthermore,afterthelistofvendorsmustbesubmittedtotheWPCforapproval,theprocurementcanbeallowed.先落实货源，再按计划采购供应，陆续进场。必须注意PHC管桩的采购周期，应提前预订制作，以保证工程进度不受影响。Implementproductsourcebeforetakingpurchaseproceduresanddelivery.BearinmindpurchaseperiodofPHCtubularpilesandplaceorderformanufacturingbeforehandtoguaranteeprojectprogress.采购产品的验证。对采购产品的验证有多种方式，如在供方现场检验、进货检验试验，查验供方提供的合格证据等。项目部将保证所有采购的物资符合设计文件、标准、规范、相关法规及合同要求。管桩材料进场后，及时进行报验，并按规定抽样检验试验，作好检验状态标识，只有检验合格的材料才能使用。管桩材料堆放区域要用警示带加以警示。ProductVerification.Therearemanywaystoverifythepurchasedproduct,suchassuppliersitetesting,productdeliverytesting,certificatesfromsuppliercheckingandsoon.Projectdepartmentshouldguaranteeallthepurchasedmaterialcomplywithdesigndocument,standard,regulation,relevantlawsandregulationsaswellascontractrequirement.TimelyreportforacceptanceafterTubularPilematerialdeliveredandtakesamplesfortestingaccordingregulation.Properlyidentifythematerialfortestandonlyusethematerialwhenithasbeenapprovedfromtest.Storageareafortubularpilesshallbefencedwithcautionline.3.4资源配备计划ResourceAllocationPlan机械器具配备计划MechanicalEquipment&ToolsAllocationPlan序号设备名称型号精度数量备注1静压桩机1台2送丝焊机2台CO2气体保护焊3全站仪1台20mm1台控制点测放4经纬仪T62″级2台桩位测放、垂直度观测5水准仪DSZ3精密水准仪1台标高测量6挖掘机PC2001台吊运管桩No.EquipmentNo.TypeAccuracyQtyRemarks1Static-pressurepilingmachine5-set2Wirefeedingwelder10-setCO2gasprotectionwelding3OnesetofTotalstation20mm3-setMeasurecontrolpoint4TheodoliteT62″-Class10-setPilelocationmeasureandsetup,verticalityobservation5Spirit-levelDSZ3Preciselevel5-setElevationmeasure6Electricpilesawmachineφ1504-setPilecutting7Motorcrane16t1-setPilelifting&conveying劳动力配备计划Man-powerallocationplan序号岗位人数职称备注1施工队长1工程师2技术员1助理工程师3质检人员2助理工程师4专职安全员1助理工程师5桩机操作工4技师持证上岗6起重工2技工持证上岗7电工2技工持证上岗8焊工2技工持证上岗9测量工2技工持证上岗10普工4合计21No.OccupationNumberTitleRemarks1Constructionheadman1engineer2Technician1Assistantengineer3Qualityinspector2Assistantengineer4Fulltimesafetyofficer1Assistantengineer5Pilingmachineoperator4TechnicianWorkingwithcertificate6Liftingworker2ArtisanWorkingwithcertificate7Electrician2ArtisanWorkingwithcertificate8Weldingworker2ArtisanWorkingwithcertificate9MeasureMan2ArtisanWorkingwithcertificate10Ordinaryworker4Total213.5工程进度计划ProjectProgressPlan根据目前图纸到位情况，安排一台静压桩机进行本工程管桩施工，随着工程的进展，项目部会根据实际情况对桩机的数量和人员进行相应的增加，以确保桩基工程按照计划工期要求完成。施工进度会根据现场进度偏差会作相应的调整。初步进度计划如下：Accordingtothedrawingsinhand,wewilltemporarilydispatchfivenos.ofstaticpressurepilepressingmachine.Withprogressingofworks,thePMwilladdthemachinesandstaffcorrespondinglyinordertoensuretheplannedschedule.Theconstructionscheduleswillbeadjustedaccordingtotheactualscheduledeviation.Theinitialscheduleplanisasfollows.序号日历天工作内容工期（天）1施工准备32试桩施工73试桩检测204完工清理2No.CalendardayWorkingItemDaysofconstruction（Day）1Constructionpreparation32Testpileconstruction73Testpileinspection204Clean-upuponcompletion2施工顺序Constructionsequence4区（TP4a~TP4c3根/1天）1区（TP1a~TP1c3根/2天，含移机1天）2区（TP2a~TP2c3根/2天，含移机1天）3区（TP3a~TP3c3根/2天，含移机1天）。具体见下页施工顺序图。Firstly,Phenatesfinishedproducttankfarm(93nos.ofpiles/9days)Secondly,Sulfonatesfinishedproducttankfarm(78nos.ofpiles/7days)Thirdly,DaPIBSAfinishedproducttankfarm(91nos.ofpiles/9days)每一片区的打桩顺序：从一端向另一端施打，尽量减少挤土效应对管桩的影响。打桩前，应在图上标出每根桩的编号，施打顺序和行走路线。Thesequenceofdrivingthetubularpilesundereverytankfoundation:Thetankfoundationisdividedintotwoparts.Wearefirstlytodrivethehalfandsecondlytodrivetheadjacenthalf.Besides,wearetodrivethepilesfromthemiddletothesurroundingsymmetricallyinordertoreducetheeffectonpilescausedbyearthsqueezingeffect.Beforethepilesaredriven,wewillmarkthenumberofeachpile,drivingsequenceandroutesonthedrawings.施工测量ConstructionMeasurement5.1测量一般要求GeneralRequirementforMeasurement施工测量贯穿于整个施工过程中，且与工程质量及施工进度有着密切的联系。测量人员必须了解设计的内容、性质及其对测量工作的精度要求，熟悉图纸上的尺寸和高程数据，了解施工的全过程，并掌握施工现场的变动情况。各测量控制点的标志必须埋设得特别稳固，并做到妥善保护，经常检查和复测，如有损坏或移动，应及时处理。Constructionmeasurementgoesthroughouttheentireconstructionprocessandtightlyrelatedwithprojectqualityandconstructionprogress.Measurementcrewshavetounderstanddesigncontent,characterandtheaccuracyrequirementinmeasurement,theyhavetobefamiliarwithdimensionandelevationdataonthedrawing,mastertheentireconstructionprocessandmasterconstructionsitechanges.Signsofallmeasuringcontrolpointsmustbeburiedandsetupstablyandwellprotected.Frequentlycheckandre-measurethesignstotaketimelymeasurementincaseofdamageormovement.5.2测量控制原则MeasurementControlPrinciple为了保证各桩在平面位置和高程上都符合设计要求，应遵循“从整体到局部，先控制后细部”的原则。经常进行外业和内业的校核工作。Havetofollowtheprincipleof“fromgeneraltolocal,controlfirstandthendetail”,conductcheckingbetweenexternalandinternalworkfrequently.5.3测量方法MeasurementMethod采用极坐标法逐个测放各点，测放后进行自检，自检合格后报验。Applypolarcoordinatemethodtomeasureandsetupeachpointandthenconductself-checkingbeforereportforacceptanceinspection.施测前的准备工作。施测前应熟悉总平面图、桩位布置图及与定位测量有关的技术资料。了解桩位的平面布置情况和高程要求，根据施工区域在总平面布置图上的位置和采用的坐标、高程系统，确定各桩位具体坐标并进行复核。深入现场了解场地内控制点布置情况，根据场地条件，确定施测方法，确定测站点，并进行必要的内业计算。Preparationworkpriortoconstructionmeasurement.Getfamiliarwithgeneralplandrawing,pilelayoutdrawingandrelevanttechnicaldocumentsrelatedtopositioningmeasurement.Comprehendpileslocationplanlayoutandelevationrequirement.Determinecoordinatesofeachpileanddoublecheckthemaccordingtoconstructionarea’slocationonthegeneralplandrawingandapplycoordinates&elevationsystem.Comprehendsiteinternalcontrolpointslayoutanddetermineconstructionmeasurementmethodandmeasurementpointaccordingtositeconditionandconductnecessaryinternalworkcalculation.5.4测量质量标准MeasurementQualityStandard轴线应从基准点引出，控制点的位置应不受打桩影响，数量不少于2个。Axisshouldbedirectedfrombenchmark.Controlpointsarefreefrompilinginfluenceandthequantityshouldbenolessthantwo.控制桩应作系统检查，每根桩施工前应检查桩号是否正确，桩位与桩位之间相对尺寸是否正确。Checkcontrolpilesystematicallyandshouldbenolessthanonceeverytendays.Checkthepilenumberandspacebetweenpilesbeforeconstruction.桩位测放时允许偏差20mm，对位允许偏差50mm，预制桩桩顶标高允许偏差-50~+100mm。Allowableerrorforpilemeasurement&setupis20mm,allowableerrorforcounterpositionofpilesis50mm.Topelevationofpre-loadingpileallowableerroris-50~+100mm.主要施工方法MainConstructionMethod6.1工艺流程ProcessFlow打桩工艺流程图如下：Pilingprocessflowdiagramisasfollows,

两节桩以上两节桩以上桩位测量验收合格桩位复验调整桩机水平度、桅杆垂直度桩机就位调整垂直度下节桩就位下节桩打桩观测垂直度焊接质量检查端板焊接接桩水准仪观测上节桩打桩送桩至桩顶标高管桩检查、验收管桩起吊上节桩就位桩端面清理桩机移位合格桩机组装桩尖焊接桩尖焊接桩机移位

桩机移位Tubularpilecheck&inspectTubularpilecheck&inspectPilepositioningInspectionpassedInspectionpassedPPilepositionre-checkPilingmachinePilingmachineassemblyPassPilemachinepositioningPilemachinepositioningAdjustpilemachinelevelnessandmastverticalityTubularpileliftingTubularpileliftingBBottompileinpositionAdjustverticalityAdjustverticalityPiletoeweldingPiletoeweldingBottompilepilingCheckverticalityToppilepilingOBottompilepilingCheckverticalityToppilepilingOvertwopilesCleanpileendfaceToppileinpositionCleanpileendfaceToppileinpositionEEndweld-pileextensionWWeldingcheckObservebyspiritlevelPObservebyspiritlevelPiletotopelevationPPilemachineelocate6.2施工方法ConstructionMethod6.2.1桩位放样PileLocationSetUp利用全站仪或经纬仪配合钢卷尺将每个桩位坐标放到实际地面，用竹签或30cm钢筋定位、撒上白灰作为醒目标记，精度±2cm。考虑到施工机械或运输车辆会破坏已放桩位点，故准备采取放一部分桩位，打一部分桩的方法，以保证桩位点的可靠性。桩位点测放后应经监理人员确认，方可施工。Usetotalstationortheodoliteincombinationwithsteeltapetosetupcoordinateofeachpileontheground,positionwithbamboostickor30cmrebarandmarkwithlime.Theaccuracyshouldbe±2cm.Consideringthatconstructionmachineryortransportationvehicleswilldamagethepilesetup,itisplannedtoconductpilesetupandpilingpartbyparttoguaranteethereliabilityofpileposition.Pilingpositionhavetobeconfirmedbysupervisorbeforeconstruction.6.2.2桩机就位PilingMachineInPosition平整场地后，移动桩机到达桩位，对桩位必须进行复测，保证准确无误，保证桩机平稳、牢固。Afterthesiteisleveled,mobilizethepilingmachinetothepileposition.Doublecheckthepositionandmakesurethemachineisstableandfirm.6.2.3管桩堆放TubularPileStacking空心管桩进场堆放场地应坚实、平整，以防不均匀沉降造成桩损坏，同时采取可靠的防滚、防滑措施，空心管桩堆放不应超过三层。Siteforhollowtubularpilestackingshouldbesolidandleveltopreventdamagetothepileduetounevensettlement.Atthemeantime,applyreliableanti-rollingandanti-slippingmeasures.Donnotstackhollowtubularpilesformorethanthreelayers.6.2.4吊桩插桩Pileliftingandplanting

预制桩的起吊采用桩机自带吊钩一点法起吊，吊点位置为距桩顶2～3m处，保证起吊平稳，防止撞击和受震动。Lifttheprefabricatedpileatonepointwiththehookonthepilingmachine.Theliftingpointis2to3metersfromtopofthepiletoassurethestableliftingandpreventfromcollisionandvibration.如果距离超过2～3m，将安排一台挖掘机配合送桩。Ifthedistanceexceedsthescoperangingfrom2to3m,oneexcavatorisusedtoassistingtheliftingofthepilefollower.吊车吊桩时的钢丝绳和索具的计算和校核：Calculationandcheckingforthesteelwireropesandriggingintheprocessofliftingpile:以管桩最长16m(管桩重量：8.85t)来计算：Calculatedinmaximumlengthoftubularpile(16m,weight:8.钢丝绳选用φ18.56×37+1，一弯两股计两根，按下式校核(其中б=170kgf/mm2)Steelwirerope:φ18.56×37+1,afoldedropeshallbeconsideredastwoones,calculatedinthefollowedformula(herein,б=170kgf/mm2)Safetyfactor安全系数k=φSp/k1k2式中钢丝绳破断拉力Sp查表为：Sp=18.95tBreakingforceofropeintheformula(Sp)is:Sp=18.95tφ为钢丝绳换算系数：φ=0.82φisscalefactorofrope:φ=0.82k1为动载系数：取k1=1.1k1isdynamicloadfactor:k1=1.1k2为载荷不平衡系数：取k2=1.25k2isloadunbalancefactor:k2=1.25单根钢丝绳受力：

forceofsinglesteelwirerope:F=8.85/4=2.21tφSp/k1k2F=0.8218.95/1=5.11>4(安全Safe）第一节管桩起吊前，应先将十字型闭口桩尖满焊，保证不脱落；桩尖应位于管桩中心，避免沉桩过程中出现偏心受力现象。Beforeliftingthefirstsegmentoftubularpile,thefullweldingforcross-shapeclosedpiletoewillbefirstlyexecutedinordertoavoiddropping.Piletoeshouldbelocatedatthecenterofthepiletoavoideccentricstressduringpilesinkingprocess.压桩过程中，上节桩、送桩器的吊装不得同时进行。Atthecourseofpilepressing,thepilefollowingcannotbedonesimultaneouslywiththelifting.在吊装管桩的过程中。桩的尾端需要栓遛绳，便于控制在吊装过程时桩的移动。Intheprocessofliftingpile,endofpileshallbetiedwithrigginginordertocontrolswingofpile.6.2.5垂直度调整VerticalityAdjustment将桩尖对准预先埋设在桩位上竹签或钢筋。距桩机10m左右，成90°方向设置经纬仪各一台，从桩机就位时，压第一节桩的垂直度偏差不得超过0.3%，至接桩第三节止测量导杆和桩的垂直度，桩身应垂直，底桩垂直度须保证，桩帽及送桩杆应和桩身在同一直线上，桩入土垂直度偏差不得超过0.5%，作好质量记录，当垂直度超标，马上采取纠偏措施。Aimthepiletoeatthebamboostickorrebarandsetuponetheodolitetenmetersfromthepilingmachineandateachsideof90degreeanglefromthemachine.Whenthepilingmachinesarepositioned,theverticalitydeviationofpressingthefirstsegmentofpilecannotexceed0.3%.Checkguidingrodandpileverticality,pilebodyverticalityfromthefirstsegmentofpiletothethirdsegmentofpileextension.Thepilebodymustbevertical.Assurebottompileverticality,pilecapandpilefeedingpoleshouldbeatthesamelinewithpilebody.Verticalityoftheembeddedpileshouldnotbeexceed0.5%.Properlytakequalityrecordandapplyimmediatemodificationmeasuresincaseofverticalityerrorexceedstandard.6.2.6静压沉桩StaticSinkingPile桩位置及垂直度经校正后开始沉桩，使用桩箍将桩嵌固在桩架卡具中，保持压桩机垂直压桩。沉桩施工过程中，应随时注意保持桩处于轴心受压状态，如有偏移应及时调整，以免发生断桩质量事故。每根桩应连续施工，间歇时间不宜太长，一根桩不宜分两天施工，沉桩过程中遇到较难穿透的地层时，接桩宜在桩头穿过该层后进行。Verifypilelocationandverticalityandthenstartpilesinking.Usepileringtofixpileinthepileframeclamptomakesurepiledrivingmachinedrivesthepilevertically.Duringpilesinkingconstruction,makesurethepileispressedattheaxisallthetime.Timelymodifytheoffsetproblemtopreventqualityaccidentsuchaspilebreaking.Constructionofpileshouldbecontinuousandavoidlongtimeinterval,itissuggestednottoconstructiononepileintwodays.Whenitcomestolayerthatishardtopenetrateduringpilesinking,pileextensionshouldbemadeafterthepenetration.6.2.7沉桩过程中遇块石的应急处理措施Emergencycountermeasuresagainstheavystonesduringpilesinking沉桩工艺选择了静压法施工，利用静压桩机的特点控制沉桩时的下沉速度,如果沉桩无法下沉时，则等设计确认是否需在其它地方进行补桩。Themethodofstaticpressureisadoptedforpilesinking.Bythefeaturesofstaticpressurepilingmachine,wecancontrolthesinkingspeed.Ifthepilecannotbesank,remedialpilesatotherlocationshallbeadoptedwiththeconfirmationofDesignCompanyobtained.当沉桩过程中遇块石（通过观察桩机配备的压力表，压力值出现突然升高），此时需纪录压力表的最大读数，将按如下步骤处理：Duringthesinking,thepilesrunintotheheavystones(Byobservingthepressuremeter,wecanwatchthesuddenrisingofpress