2021年广东省高考英语综合测试（二）（附答案详解）

2021年广东省华南师大附中高考英语综合测试（二）

A

iPhone12Outlook

Featuringthesame6.1-inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12is

makingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED.Withflataluminum（铝）sidesfbran

overalllook,itmorecloselymatchestheiPadProandiPad

Air.Asidefromtheflatsides,iPhone12stilllargelyresemblestheiPhone11.Aroundback,it

hastwocamerashousedinaglasscircle,whichmakesforanicecontrastwiththerestofthe

smoothbackpanel.Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12iscoveredwith

whatAppledescribesasa"ceramic（陶瓷）shield'1.

Camera

TheiPhone12hasa12-megapixel171.6maincamera-thefastestaperture（7tBl）inanyiPhone

yet.Thelow-lightperformancehasimproved,anditsadvancementsincomputational

photographytomaximizedetailanddynamicrangehasalsobeenachieved.Thefrontcamera

ontheiPhone12isgainingNightMode,aswell.

Processor

iPhone12ispoweredbythecompany'snewA14Bionicprocessor,whichisthefirst

smartphonechipbuiltona5nmprocess,leadingtoimprovedperformanceandefficiency.Ifs

claimedthattheprocessorisupto50percentfasterthantheleadingchipsinAndroid

smartphones.

Wirelesscharging

ToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsanMagSafensystemwithbuilt-in

magnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththe

MagSafeaccessories（酉己件）.

1.WhatisthesizeofiPhone12?

A.About6.1-inchasthatofiPhoneMax.

B.ThesamesizeasiPadPro.

C.BiggerthanthatofiPhone11.

D.AsbigasiPhoneXR.

2.What'sthefunctionofthe"MagSafe"system?

A.TocarryoutthewiredchargingofiPhone12.

B.ToperfectlymatchtheiPadProandiPadAir.

C.TomakesuretheiPhone12isrightfbrtheMagSafeaccessories.

D.Toprocesstheinformationinamorerapidway.

3.WhichofthefollowingsisTRUEaboutiPhone12?

A.Thereareonlytwocamerasplacedseparatelyinfrontandback.

B.ItispoweredbyA14BionicprocessorusedinAndroidsmartphones.

C.AllcamerasofiPhone12havetheNightMode.

D.Aceramicshieldhelpsprotectagainstbreakingandcracking.

B

Mostofushavespentmoretimeathomerecentlythanweeverimaginedpossible.Maybeyou

tooktheopportunitytoclean,ormaybeyouplantodoittomorrow.Thesetipscanhelpmake

yourhousebetterforyourbodyandyourmind.

Thinkaboutkeepingyourhomecleantheminuteyouwalkin.Takeoffyourshoesatyourdoor.

AUniversityofArizonastudyfoundthattheaverageshoeharborsnearly421,000different

bacteria,includingEscherichiacoliandstrep.Pesticides,tar,lead,mold,andcleaning

chemicalscanalsogettrackedintoyourhomeviayourshoes.Leaveapairofslippersbythe

frontdoor.

Evenifyouthinkyou'vedisinfectedeverything,youmighthaveoverlookedsomegerm

magnets（磁铁）.Onenotoriousoffender：thetoothbrushholder.Rinseitdailyandrunit

throughthedishwasherregularly.Anothergermmagnet：kitchensponges.They'reso

unhealthfulthey'vebeenbannedfromrestaurantkitchens.

Portableultraviolet（紫夕卜线）lightsareahighlyboastedgermkiller.Hospitalsusepowerful

UVClighttodisinfectrooms,asitcankillviruses（possiblyeventhenewcoronavirus）.But

beware：notallhomedisinfectingsystemsuseUVC,andsomeUVlightscanquicklyburn

yourskin.

Don*tforgettocleantheairinyourhometoo.Thegoldstandardisahigh-efficiencyparticulate

air（HEPA）filter（过滤器）.TheDepartmentofEnergyrequiresthattheyremove99.97

percentofpollutantsandparticles（颗粒）intheair.PortableHEPAfilterscancleanasingle

roomortheentirehouse.Therearecheaperwaystocleantheair-startbycrackingawindow.

Indooraircanhavetwotofivetimesmorepollutantsthanoutdoorair.

Manyvirusesdon'tspreadaswellinmoistairastheydointhecold,drymonths.Oneeasy

solutionforthewinter：usingahumidifier.TheCDCadvisesagainstcool-misthumidifiers,

whichcancontainbacteriaiftheyaren'tcleanedregularly.Old-fashionedsteamhumidifiersare

best.Buttoomuchhumiditycanworsenrespiratory（呼吸的）problemsandencouragethe

growthofdustmites.

4.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyouwalkintoyourhouse?

A.Takeoffyourcoat.B.Changeyourshoes.

C.Cleanupthebacteria.D.Dustofftheshoes.

5.WhatdoestheCDCthinkofthecool-misthumidifiers?

A.Itisamustinwinter.

B.Itcanworsenrespiratoryproblems.

C.Itisnotasgoodastheold-fashionedsteamhumidifiers.

D.Itisaneasysolutionfordryseasons.

6.WhichisNOTthewayintroducedinthepassagetomakethehousecleaner?

第2页，共19页

A.Freshenyoursheets.

B.Washtoothbrushholders.

C.DisinfectroomsbyUVClight.

D.CleantheairwithHEPAfilters.

7.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoDoCleaning.B.KeepYourselfHealthy.

C.MakeYourMindBooster.D.GetaHealthyHome.

c

CurtisWhitsonknewthewaterfallwascoming.He'drafteddowntheArroyoSeco,ariverin

centralCalifornia,before.Butthisyearwasdifferent.Heavysnowandspringrainshadturned

theusuallymanageablefallsintosomethingfierce.Andthisyear,insteadofhisfriends,

Whitson'scompanionswerehiswife,KrystalRamirez,andhis13-year-oldson,Hunter.Asthe

threeofthemapproachedthefallslateintheafternoonofthethirddayoftheircampingtrip,

WhitsoncouldtellfromtheincreasingroarofwaterinthenaiTowcanyonthattheywerein

serioustrouble.Therewasnowaythey1dbeabletorappeldown（绕绳下降）therocksas

planned.

"Thewaterwasjustgushingthroughtherewithtremendousforce,"recallsWhitson.

Theycouldwadetotheshore,butwouldanyonefindthemthere?Theyhadnomobilephone

service,andtheyhadn*tseenasinglepersoninthepastthreedays.

Asheconsideredwhattodo,Whitsonhitonabitofluck—heheardvoicescorningfromthe

othersideofthefalls.Heyelled,butthesoundoftherushingwaterdrownedhimout.

Wehavetogetthesepeopleamessage,Whitsonthought.

ThenhespottedhisgreenNalgenewaterbottle.Whitsongrabbeditandcarved"Help!"onit.

Ramirezalsoremindedhimthathehadapenandpaper,whichshe'dbroughttoplaygames

with,inhisbackpack.Whitsonknewitwasalongshot.Buthescrawled"Wearestuckhereat

thewaterfall.Gethelpplease!"andpushedthenoteintothebottle,throwingitoverthe

waterfallperfectly.

"Allright,that'sallwecando,uWhitsontoldHunter.

Ittook30minutestonavigatebackupstreamtothebeachwheretheymadeafire.Withno

reasonableexpectationthattheirmessageinabottlewouldfinditswaytoanyone,theyspelled

outSOSinwhiterocks.Astheeveningworeon,theyplacedaheadlampwithaflashinglight

onaledge（岩石突出部）.Then,justaftermidnight,theyheardahelicopterhoveringabove

them.Whitsonranovertotheheadlampandstartedflashingitatthehelicopter.He,Ramirez,

andHunterwerewavingandholleringwhentheyheardthemagicwords："ThisisSearchand

Rescue.Youhavebeenfound.'*

Itwasamomentofpurehappinessasthethreechattedwiththeofficerswhohadrescuedthem.

Together,theymarveledattheunlikelihoodofitall.Twomenhadseenthewaterbottleinthe

water.Whentheypickeditup,theynoticedthewritingonit--"Help!".

Afewdaysafternewsoftherescuebroke,oneofthehikerscontactedWhitson.That'swhenhe

learnedthestory.Therewereactuallytwolittlegirlshikingwiththementhatday.Itwasthe

girlswhofirstspottedthebottleandswamtogetit.Whitsonisplanningonhavingabig

barbecuetomeetthehikers-andthankthem.

8.WhichwasNOTthetroubletheWhitsonsfaced?

A.Thewaterfallswerefierce.

B.Therewasnomobilephoneservice.

C.Allofthemwerenotexperiencedinrafting.

D.Theyhadtorappeldowntherocks.

9.WhichistheorderthattheWhitsonshelpedthemselvesout?

©TheyspelledoutSOSontherocks.

②Whitsonsqueezedthenote"Gethelpplease"intothebottle.

③Whitsonyelledtotheothersideofthefalls.

④Whitsoncarved“help"onhisgreenbottle.

A.③④②①B.②③④①C.①④③②D.④③②①

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph7mean?

A.Itisafantasticidea.B.It'sabigchallenge.

C.It'sawildattempt.D.It'salongexploration.

11.Whitsonisplanningtohaveabigbarbecue.

A.tocelebratetheirsurvival

B.toshowgratitudetothehikers

C.tohaveafamilyunion

D.tomeetandthanktherescueofficers

D

Ifyouhavespentanytimereadingpapersonteachingstrategiesinthepastfewyears,youhave

probablynoticedastrongbacklashagainstdrill&practice,infavorofUconstructivist

activities"and"project-basedlearning".

Memorizingfacts,manypeopleargue,isanoutdatededucationalpractice,sinceanyonecould

justGoogleafactondemandorlookituponWikipedianowadays.Theyconsiderthatwe

shouldfocusallschoolactivitiesontheacquisitionofskillsasopposedtoknowledge.

However,learningbyrote(memorizationbyrepetition)ismoreimportantthanyouthink.

Therearemanycasesinwhichhavingknowledgeimmediatelyonthetipofyourtonguecan

havegreatsocialandprofessionalvalue.Forexample,lastnightatanetworkingevent,whenI

casuallyaskedaNigerianentrepreneurhowmuchofhisbusinesswasconductedinEnglish

versusinhisnativeYoruba,heimmediatelybecamemoreengagedinourconversation.Itwas

asifthesimplefactthatIknewthatYorubawasspokeninNigeriawonhistrust,andtherefore

builtupourrelationship.

Thesamegoesforprofessionalsettings.IfIamapharmaceuticalsalesmantalkingtoadoctor

aboutaspecificdigestiondrug,andheasksifithasanyeffectontheprocessofperistalsis,it

第4页，共19页

willlookquiteunprofessionalifIhavetopulloutmymedicaldictionarytolookuptheword.I

needtomemorizethosefactssothatIcanaccessthemimmediately.

Ofcourse,mostconstructivisteducatorswillarguethaton-the-jobtrainingandproject-based

learningaremoreeffectiveatlearningnewconceptsthanrotememorization.Theproblemis

thatnosinglecost-effectiveconstructivistactivitywillguaranteethatyouwillbeexposedtoall

theconceptsyouneed,orthatyouwillfullyrememberthefactsthatyouareexposedto.Ifyou

actuallywanttoacquireafullrangeofknowledgeaboutagiventopic,themostguaranteedand

efficientwayistostudydeliberatelyusingthetime-honoredpracticeofrepetition一

specificallyconfidence-basedrepetition.

12.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularteachingmethodnow?

A.Drill&practice.B.Memorizingfacts.

C.Constructivistactivities.D.Confidence-basedrepetition.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"backlash"inparagraph1referto?

A.Outdatedidea.B.Negativereaction.

C.Educationalstandard.D.Officialsupport.

14.Whyistheauthor'scommunicationwithaNigerianentrepreneurmentioned?

A.ToshowthevalueofknowingaboutYoruba.

B.Tosupporthisargumentforlearningbyrote.

C.Tointroduceeffectivecommunicationskills.

D.Toprovethepowerofhavingawiderangeofknowledge.

15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutproject-basedlearning?

A.Itisoflimitedvalueinlearningnewconcepts.

B.Itisanefficientwaytolearnanewconcept.

C.Itshouldbecombinedwithafullrangeofknowledge.

D.Itwillbereplacedbythetime-honoredpracticeofrepetition.

Goingthroughlifeiseasierwhenyoutrustthatmostpeople'smotivesaregood.(1)

Beingawareofthefollowingshouldhelp.

Don'tbeblindedbylooks,norsex.Somepeoplewhohavethegiftoflooks,orsexappeal,use

ittounfairadvantage.(2)Totakeanextremeexample,spieshavegottenpeopleto

sacrificeanation'ssecuritymerelyby"bestowing"sexonsomeone.

(3)Yes,somepeopleenjoybeingniceforitsownsake.Butotherpeopleuse

kindnessasaweapon：todisarmand/orcreateobligation.Sowhensomeone"caringly"asks

howyouareorgivesyoualittlegiftortwo,don'tjumptothatbeingaploy,butkeepyoureyes

open.

Bewaryofpraisefrompeoplewhoyoupay,likecounselors,teachers,coaches,etc.Whether

trueornot,theirsayingnicethingsaboutyouoryourworkincreasetheirchancesofkeeping

yourmoneycoming.

Bewareofrevealingyourweaknessesorpasterrors.(4)Butothertimes,your

admissionwillbeusedagainstyou.Forexample,lefssaythatyouadmitthatyouareinsecure

aboutyourintelligence.(5)Worsestill,therearethosewhorevealasmallweakness

orpastfailing,nottodeepentherelationshipbuttoencourageyoutoadmitamoreserious

failing.

A.Somepeoplearekindmainlybecausetheywantsomething.

B.Therefore,weshallbetrustworthyandrelyonpeoplearoundus.

C.Infact,suchpeoplemightbemuchmoretroublethaniheyTeworth.

D.However,somepeoplehavepaidahugepriceforbeingtootrusting.

E.Insubsequentarguments,theotherpersoncantakeadvantageofthat.

F.Sometimes,revealingaflawcanopenthedoortoadeeperrelationship.

G.Bewareofthefollowingtacticusedtoextractaweaknessorpastfailing.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

IhadheardagreatdealaboutMissBeam*sschool.Butnottilllastweekdidthe(1)

cometovisitit.WhenIarrived,therewasnoone(2)butagirlofabouttwelve.Her

eyeswere(3)withabandageandshewasbeingled(4)byalittleboywho

wasaboutfouryearsyounger.

MissBeamwasallthatIhadexpected--middle-aged,fullof(5),yetkindlyand

understanding.Iaskedhersomequestionsaboutherteaching(6)whichIhadheard

weresimple.

"Thereal(7)ofthisschoolisnotsomuchtoteachthoughtastoteachthoughtfulness

---kindnesstoothersandbeing(8)citizens.Lookoutofthewindowaminute,will

you?u

Iwenttothewindowwhich(9)alargegardenandaplaygroundattheback."What

doyousee?nMissBeamasked.

"Iseesomeverybeautifulgrounds,"I(10),"andalotofcheerfulchildren.Itpains

me,(11),toseethattheyarenotallso(12)andactive-looking.'*

MissBeamlaughed."Oh,no!"shesaid."Don'tworry.Thereisnoproblemwiththeirhealth.It

isonlytheirdaytoexperiencebeingblind,deaforlame.Tomakeourchildren(13)

第6页，共19页

andunderstandmisfortune,wemakethemshareinmisfortunetoo.Everyterm,we(14)

setadayforthisactivity.Theyalllearnsomuchthisway.Beforethedayisover,even

themost(15)childrealizeswhatmisfortuneis.”

21.A.honorB.chanceC.momentD.privilege

22.A.incampusB.withinreachC.insightD.inschool

23.A.wrappedB.bathedC.closedD.covered

24.A.carefullyB.happilyC.simplyD.slowly

25.A.lifeB.authorityC.energyD.strength

26.A.methodsB.stylesC.experiencesD.members

27.A.practiceB.causeC.aimD.reason

28.A.worthyB.responsibleC.worthwhileD.decent

29.A.approachedB.witnessedC.sawD.overlooked

30.A.claimedB.correspondedC.respondedD.whispered

31.A.thereforeB.furthermoreC.soD.though

32.A.healthyB.brilliantC.strongD.naughty

33.A.approveB.considerC.appreciateD.admire

34.A.frequentlyB.especiallyC.gladlyD.specially

35.A.thoughtfulB.thoughtlessC.absent-mindedD.active

36.China'sMinistryofCultureandTourism(MCT)hasmadepublicalistof680key

villagesforpromotingruraltourism.

Theselectionofthevillages(1)(carry)outbasedonthedevelopmentplan

fortourisminthecountry's(2)(twelve)five-yearplan,andaguidelineofthe

StateCouncilonthevitalizationofruralindustries.

Tobelisted,avillageshouldberich(3)culturalandtourismresources,boast

soundprotectionofruraltraditionalculture,(4)haveamatureandhigh-quality

tourismproductsystem.Itshouldalsoboast(5)appealingecological

environmentwithwell-roundedinfrastructureandpublicservices,amongotherkey

requirements,(6)(be)uptothestandard,accordingtotheministry.

TheMCTwillsupportthevillagesintheirinfrastructure,publicservice(7)

(facility),andmajortouristprojectsaswellasmarketpromotion,theministrysaid,

(8)(encourage)localauthoritiestosupportthevillagesvia(9)

(variety)fundsandchannels.

Thelististhesecondofitskind,(10)320villagesmadethefirstlistexposedin

Julylastyear.

(1)

(2)

⑶

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

37.假定你是李华，你与英国留学生Mike约好周六上午一起去爬山，但你因故不能赴

约。给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.表达歉意；

2.说明原因；

3.另约时间。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearMike,

Yours,

LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Lonwaschasinghisrunawayhorsewhenagoosewentunderhisfeet.Andhefellintoa

由orn-bush（荆棘丛）."WhydoIhavesuchbadluck?”

ThingsneverseemedtogoLon'sway,Iftherewasabeeabout,hewasstung.Andifhis

horseranaway,itwouldrunstraightthroughathorn-bush.Still,evenbadluckmightturn

goodifhecouldcatchthatgoosefordinner.

Hescannedthebushes,andfoundanestwithanegg.Justanegg,butevenoneeggmight

makeasmallmeal.

Hepickeditup,butdroppeditinsurprise.Theeggwasunusuallyheavy,anditgleamed

（发光）inthesunlight.Itwasmadeofgold!

Lonsighed.He'dnearlysteppedonagoosethatlaysgoldeneggs.Ifhehadcapturedthe

goose,hewouldhavehadgoldeneggaftergoldenegg.

Thenathoughtexplodedinhismind.

Perhapshecouldtaketheeggandgetittohatch,andthenewgoosewouldlaygoldeneggs

justasitsmotherdid.

Lonsmiled.Hisluckseemedtobechanging.

Oncehome,Lonplacedtheeggintoabedofcottonnexttothehearth.Heturneditevery

hourforseveraldays.

Onemorning,heheardafaintchk-chk-chk.Asmallgoldenbeakpusheditswaythrough

theshell.

Itwasanuglylittlething,butLondidn'tcare.Allthatmatteredwasthegoldeneggsit

第8页，共19页

wouldsoonlay.Theyounggoosedemandedfood.Lonhappilykeptitfilled.Henamedit

Goldyandbecamefondofit,eventhoughitwassoonbetterfedthanhewas.Lontalkedto

hisgooseandtaughtittoplaycheckers（国际跳棋）.

TimepassedasLonwaitedforthefirstgoldenegg.Goldyhadgrownquitefat,butthere

werenoeggs.

Lonfinallytookthegoosetoafarmertoseewhattheproblemwas.

Thefarmertookacloserlookandlaughed."You11!nevergeteggsfromthisgoose,It*sa

boygoose!""Imightaswellroastyoufordinner/Lonsaid.*'AtleastthenI'llgetameal

forallmywork!1'

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Alarmed,GoldypoppedoutofLon*sarmandescapedintotheforest.

Onemorning,LonawoketoGoldy'sfamiliarhonkingoutside.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据第一段Featuringthesame6.1-inchdisplaysizeasthe

iPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreento

OLED.(iPhonel2拥有与iPhone11和之

前的iPhoneXR相同的6.1英寸显示屏尺寸，正在从LCD屏幕过渡到OLED)可知，

iPhonel2的尺寸和iPhoneXR一样大，故选D.

(2)C.细节理解题。根据最后一段ToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone

12>itcontainsa"MagSafe"systemwithbuilt-inmagnetstoguaranteethatthe

iPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories.

(为了改进iphonel2的无线充电，它包含一个内置磁铁的"MagSafe”系统，以保证

iphone12与MagSafe配件正确对齐)可知，MagSafe系统的功能是确保iphonel2可以匹

配MagSafe配件，故选C.

(3)D.细节理解题。根据第一段Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12

iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic(陶瓷)

shield”.(为了避免摔坏或摔裂，iphonel2被苹果称为"陶瓷防护罩”)故选D.

本文章是一篇广告布告类阅读，是一则iPhone12手机的介绍，介绍了这款手机的外观、

相机、处理和无线充电灯情况。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题

一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能

多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇

材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。要

善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分

析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、D

【解析】(1)B.细节理解题。根据原文第二段"Pesticides,tar,lead,mold,andcleaning

chemicalscanalsogettrackedintoyourhomeviayourshoes.Leaveapairofslippersbythe

frontdoor.杀虫剂，焦油，铅，霉菌和清洁剂也可以通过你的鞋子进入你的家。在前门

放一双拖鞋。”可知在你走进你的房子之前你应该换鞋。故选B.

(2)C.推理判断题。根据原文倒数第二段和最后一段第一句"TheCDCadvisesagainst

cool-misthumidifiers,whichcancontainbacteriaiftheyaren'tcleanedregularly.

Old-fashionedsteamhumidifiersarebest.疾控中心建议不要使用冷雾加湿器，如果不定期

清洁，它可能含有细菌。老式蒸汽加湿器是最好的。"可知疾控中心认为冷雾加湿器不

如老式的蒸汽加湿器好。故选C.

(3)A.细节理解题。根据原文第三段"Evenifyouthinkyou'vedisinfected

第10页，共19页

everything,youmighthaveoverlookedsomegermmagnets即使你认为你已经消毒了所有东

西，你也可能忽略了一些细菌磁铁。一个臭名昭著的罪犯：牙刷架。"可知第四段"Portable

ultraviolet（紫外线）lightsareahighlyboastedgermkiller.便携式紫外

线灯是一种备受推崇的杀菌剂。"和第五段"Don'tforgettocleantheairinyourhometoo.

Thegoldstandardisahigh-efficiencyparticulateair（HEPA）filter（过滤器）.别忘了把

家里的空气也打扫干净。金标准是一个高效率的空气微粒（HEPA）过滤器（过滤）。"

可知B.清洗牙刷架；C.用紫外线灯消毒房间；D.用高效空气过滤器清洁空气。BCD是

文章中提到的房子变干净的方法。"A.整理你的床单。”不是文章中介绍的使房子更干净

的方法。故选A.

（4）D.标题归纳题。本文主旨是介绍了四种可以使家庭环境变得更健康的方式。可知

"D.GetaHealthyHome."是这篇文章的最佳标题。故选D.

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种可以使家庭环境变得更健康的方式。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Therewasnowaythey'dbeableto

rappeldown（绕绳下降）therocksasplanned.（他们不可能按计划用绳索从岩石上滑下

来。）"可知，选项D的描述Theyhadtorappeldowntherocks.（他们只好用绳索从岩石

上滑下来。）与原文描述不一致，不是Whitsons一家人遇到的麻烦。故选D.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第四段"Heyelled,butthesoundoftherushingwaterdrowned

himout.（他大声喊，但水流的声音淹没了他的声音。）",根据第六段"Whitsongrabbed

itandcarved"Help!"onit.（惠特森抓住瓶子，刻下"救命！"在上面。）；根据第六段"But

hescrawled"Wearestuckhereatthewaterfall.Gethelpplease!"andpushedthenoteintothe

bottle,throwingitoverthewaterfallperfectly.（但他潦草地写着"我们被困在瀑布边了。求

求你帮忙！”把纸条塞进瓶子里，把它完美地扔到了瀑布上。）和第八段"theyspelledout

SOSinwhiterocks.（他们用白色的石头拼出求救信号。）"可知,Whitsons一家人自救

的顺序是，先大喊，接着在瓶子上刻“救命"，之后把写求救内容的字条塞进瓶子，最后

用石头拼出求救信号，所以正确的顺序是：③④②①。故选A.

（3）C.句意猜测题。根据第四段"Asheconsideredwhattodo,Whitsonhitonabitofluck

-heheardvoicescomingfromtheothersideofthefalls.Heyelled,butthesoundoftherushing

waterdrownedhimout."可知，正当他考虑该怎么办时，Whitson碰上了一点好运气--他

听到瀑布的另一边传来了说话声。他喊道，但激流的声音淹没了他。接着Whitson计划

用向瀑布里丢求救瓶的方式来求救，丢求救瓶这是一种能够被人发现的机会很渺茫的方

式，因此Whitson知道这是一次很疯狂大胆的尝试。由此可知，划线部分意思为"这是

一次疯狂的尝试”。故选C.

(4)B.细节理解题。根据最后一®"Whitsonisplanningonhavingabigbarbecuetomeet

thehikers-andthankthem.(Whitson正计划举办一场盛大的烧烤会来迎接这些徒步旅行

者，并向他们表示感谢。)可知，Whitson准备举办一场盛大的烧烤会来感谢这些徒步

者。故选B.

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Whitson一家野营被困，他们巧妙地用求救瓶向外界

发出了求救信号，从而得救的故事。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

12~15.【答案】C、B、B、A

【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第一®"Ifyouhavespentanytimereadingpaperson

teachingstrategiesinthepastfewyears,youhaveprobablynoticedastrongbacklashagainst

drill&practice,infavorof'constructivistactivities'and'project-basedlearning'(如果你在

过去几年里花时间阅读过关于教学策略的论文，你可能已经注意到现在有一种强烈的反

对练习和实践的思潮，它支持”建构主义活动"和”基于项目的学习“)可知，建构主义活

动是现在最流行的教学方法。故选C.

(2)B.词义猜测题。根据画线词后文againstdrill&practice,infavorof'constructivist

activities'and'project-basedlearning"可知，如今的一种思潮反对练习和实践的思潮，支

持"建构主义活动”和"基于项目的学习”，即画线词意思为"反对”与B选项意思最为接近。

A.Outdatedidea过时的想法；B.Negativereaction阴性反应；C.Educationalstandard教

育标准；D.Officialsupport官方支持。故选B.

(3)B.推理判断题。根据第三段However,learningbyrote(memorizationbyrepetition)

ismoreimportantthanyouthink.Therearemanycasesinwhichhavingknowledge

immediatelyonthetipofyourtonguecanhavegreatsocialandprofessionalvalue.For

example,lastnightatanetworkingevent,whenIcasuallyaskedaNigerianentrepreneurhow

muchofhisbusinesswasconductedinEnglishversusinhisnativeYoruba,heimmediately

becamemoreengagedinourconversation.ItwasasifthesimplefactthatIknewthatYoruba

wasspokeninNigeriawonhistrust,