名词【考点打靶+定向训练】 中考英语核心知识必备清单（通用版）

名词中考英语知识清单（通用版）目录1.名词的数（可数名词）： 12.名词的数（不可数名词） 33.名词所有格 44.牛刀小试 51.名词的数（可数名词）：英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式。可数名词的单数变为复数的规则为：1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。如：book－books；pen－pens；eraser－erasers2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。如：bus－buses；box－boxes；watch－watches3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。如：baby－babies；country－countries；city－cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。如：boy－boys；toy－toys4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。如：wife－wives；leaf－leaves；knife－knives5）以字母o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般加-s，或－es。如：photo－photos；radio－radios；piano－pianos；tomato－tomatoes；potato－potatoes6）一些特殊变化的复数形式。如：man/woman－men/women；child－children；foot－feet；tooth－teeth；mouse－mice7）有些名词的单复数形式相同：如：sheep；deer；Chinese；Japanese注意：有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时，作单数形式理解；如果表示这个群体的所有成员，通常被看作复数。常用的这类词有：class班级；team队（员）；family家庭/人；government政府；group组（员）如：Thefamilyisnotlarge.这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）Thefamilyareallmusiclovers.这一家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭中的成员）Almostallfamiliesinthisvillagehavetakenpartintheprogram.（指多个家庭）在这个村庄几乎所有家庭都参加了这个节目。2.名词的数（不可数名词）1）用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少。如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney．那个富人有很多钱。Thereissomemilkinthebottle．瓶子里有一些牛奶。Isthereanywaterintheglass？杯子里有一些水吗？Idon'tlikewinterbecausethere'stoomuchsnowandice．我不喜欢冬天，因为有太多的冰和雪。2）用apieceof这类定语修饰不可数数名词.。apieceofpaper；apieceofwood；apieceofbread；abottleoforange；aglassofwater（milk）；acupoftea；如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数。

twocupsoftea；fourpiecesofpaper；threeglassesofwater；threebagsofrice；3.名词所有格名词所有格表示人或者事物的所有及所属关系，在句子中作定语。1）表示人或者有生命的名词的所有格的形式，单数名词的后面加“-’s”。如：Thisismyfather’scar.这是我父亲的汽车。2）表示集体、时间、距离、世界、国家等名词的所有格也可以用“-’s”形式。如：Isthereanythingstrangeintoday’snewspaper?今天报纸上有什么特别的消息吗？3）表示无生命的名词所有格要用of＋名词的形式，有时也用于有生命的名词。如：LookatthemapofChina,please.请看这张中国地图。Iknowthegirl’sname/thenameofthegirl.我知道这个女孩的名字。注意：1）用连词and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共同所有关系时，只在最后一个名词的后面加“-’s”，如：ThisisLiLeiandLiPing’sfather.这是李雷和李平的父亲。（两个人共同的父亲）如果两个名词分别所有，则在两个名词的后面分别加“-’s”，如：TheseareLiLei’sandLiping’sbooks.这些是李雷和李平的书。（两个人各自所有）2）以s或es结尾的复数名词，其所有格只在字母s的后面加“’”；而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格形式仍然要加“-’s”。如：Itisabouttenminutes’walkfrommyhometomyschool.从我家到学校步行大约十分钟。HereistheChildren’sPalace.这里是少年宫。3）双重所有格：“of+名词的-’s所有格/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格。如果在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时，常用双重所有格。如：Tomisafriendofmyfather’s.汤姆是我父亲的一位朋友。Igavehimtwophotosofmine.我给了他我的两张照片。4.牛刀小试1．（2022·山东济南·模拟预测）—Mum,I’mhungry.MayIhavesome________?—Ofcourse.Butdon’teattoomuch.A．bread B．noodle C．apple D．tea2．（2022·吉林·东北师大附中明珠学校模拟预测）Isaw________motherstalkingunderthatbigtreeabouttenminutesago.A．LucyandLily B．Lucy’sandLily C．LucyandLily’s D．Lucy’sandLily’s3．（2022·重庆九龙坡·模拟预测）—Whatkindofnoodlesdoyouprefer?—The_________noodles,ofcourse.A．eggandtomato B．eggsandtomatoC．eggandtomatoes D．eggsandtomatoes4．（2022·四川凉山·模拟预测）—Isthisbag________?—No,theredoneis________.A．Kate’s；her B．Kate；her C．Kate；hers D．Kate’s；hers5．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）Frommy________onthetopoftheTVtower,Icanhaveaperfectviewofourcity.A．tradition B．condition C．position D．situation6．（2022·江苏江苏·二模）—Whoisyourfavourite________intheseriesALifeLongJourney(人世间)?—ZhouBingkunis.A．director B．writer C．reader D．character7．（2021·广西·平果市教研室二模）Excuseme,couldyoupassmesome_________?A．milk B．cake C．pear D．tomato8．（2022·江苏苏州·二模）I’msorrythatImadeyougetintoadifficult________..A．mess B．humour C．lecture D．situation9．（2018·四川眉山·中考真题）—Howmany_______doctorsarethereinyourhospital,David?—_______them_______overonehundred.A．woman,Thenumberof,is B．women,Anumberof,areC．woman,Anumberof,is D．women,Thenumberof,is10．（2019·江苏连云港·中考真题）OnApril24,XieWenjunracedtogoldinthe__________110-meterhurdlesattheAsianAthleticsChampionshipsinQatarA．man B．men C．men's D．mens'11．（2022·云南昆明·二模）Mr.Wanggavemeseveraluseful________onhowtolearnbetter.A．advise B．advices C．suggest D．suggestions12．（2022·重庆一中一模）Anumberof_______doctorsdidagoodjobinthefightagainstCOVID-19.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s13．（2020·广西·南宁十四中三模）—Peteroftenanswerstheteacher’s________inclass,doesn’the?—Yes,heisveryactive.A．problems B．questions C．messages D．difficulties14．（2022·天津津南·一模）Septembercomesafter________.A．July B．August C．June D．October15．（2022·江苏南通·一模）Thenumberofthewordsinyourarticleisn’timportant,butthe_________ofitmatters.A．ability B．size C．quality D．energy16．（2022·广西河池·一模）—I’mhungry,mom.—Look!Some________isontheplate.Youcaneatit.A．eggs B．water C．pears D．bread17．（2022·浙江·温州外国语学校二模）It’ssaidthatanew________willbeopennearourschool,offeringsomeOucultureexhibitions.A．farm B．museum C．restaurant D．factory18．（2022·广西·环江毛南族自治县教育局三模）—Iheartherearethreeforeignstudentsinyourclass.—Yes.Oneisan________andtheothertwoare________.A．Australian,Germans B．Australians,GermenC．Australians,Germans D．Australian,Germen19．（2021·山东·济南市济阳天山外国语学校二模）_________isthemostimportantfestivalinChina.A．MayDay B．DragonBoatFestival C．SpringFestival D．Mid-AutumnDay20．（2022·安徽·模拟预测）Chinesegovernmentalwaysputsthe________ofpeoplefirstwhenaccidentshappen.A．safety B．wealth C．success D．fame21．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasegiveme________aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A．afewinformations B．alittleinformations C．alittleinformation D．afewinformation22．（2022·天津·模拟预测）Studyinginanothercountryisadifferent________.Youcanhaveatry.A．tradition B．difference C．experience D．report23．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher24．（2022·内蒙古·呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区教育研修中心一模）Thegovernmenthasmadesome_________inenvironmentprotection.A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress25．（2022·上海青浦·一模）Thefarmerraisedplentyof________onhisfarmtosellforfoodandmoney.A．sheep B．cow C．pig D．chicken26．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Stellaisgoingtomoveintoanewflatnextmonth,sosheplanstobuysome________.A．chair B．flower C．furniture D．picture27．（2021·江苏连云港·中考真题）The________Lianyungang-XuzhouHigh-speedRailwaywasopentothepublicthisyear.A．180kilometerlong B．180kilometerslong C．180-kilometer-long D．180-kilometers-long28．（2021·西藏·中考真题）All________receivedfreshflowersonWomen’sDay.A．womanteacher B．womanteachers C．womenteachers D．womenteacher29．（2017·湖北咸宁·中考真题）—Whowonthefirstprizeofthe_______WorldTableTennisChampionship?—Youmeanthematchheldin_______?MaLongdid.A．fifty-four;German B．fifty-fourth;GermanyC．fifty-fourth;German D．fifty-four;Germany30．（2017·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Kailiisoneofthemostbeautiful________inGuizhou.A．place B．cities C．town D．country31．（2022·辽宁沈阳·一模）Sometimesalittleactioncanmakeadifferencetoa________life.A．person B．person’s C．persons D．persons’32．（2021·黑龙江大庆·二模）—Lucy,doyouhaveanyplanstospendyour________holiday?—MaybeIwillgotoShenzhen.Ihavenevervisited________city.A．fivedays’;themostfantastic B．fivedays;themostfantasticC．five-day;amorefantastic D．five-days;amorefantastic33．（2021·江苏徐州·二模）Kellyisnotsoquick,butshehasagoodhabitofworkinghard.Itislikeahidden________.A．promise B．tradition C．treasure D．difference34．（2021·广西百色·中考真题）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome________onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps35．（2021·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?—It’s________.A．JackandPeter’s B．Jack’sandPeter’s C．Jack’sandPeter D．JackandPeter36．（2019·四川巴中·中考真题）—It’stoohot!Let’shavesome________todrink.—Goodidea.A．eggs B．milks C．bread D．water37．（2022·江苏南京·一模）Dancingisoneofmy________.Itakedancingclassestwiceaweek.A．hobby B．hobbies C．habit D．habits38．（2021·贵州贵阳·中考真题）ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows_________lovefortheirchildren.A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’39．（2021·四川凉山·一模）—Didyouhaveagreattimeonthefarmyesterday?—Yes,wesawmanybeautifulflowersandlotsof________and________.A．pigs;chicken B．sheep;chickens C．fishes;chicken D．duck;chickens40．（2022·吉林长春·一模）—Ioftengotothesciencemuseumontheweekend.—Iguesswehavedifferent.Ilovenovels.A．troubles B．interests C．promises D．standards41．（2022·安徽·模拟预测）—ThesciencefictionfilmTheWanderingEarthwasagreat________.—Yes.Manypeoplewereshockedbyit.A．invention B．beauty C．decision D．success42．（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）TraditionalChineseMedicineisagreat________forournation.A．treasure B．resolution C．pleasure D．standard43．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Wehavea________holidayduringDragonBoatDay.A．threedays B．three-day C．three-days D．threeday’s44．（2016·广西来宾·中考真题）—Therearemany________aboutthisfarm.—Yes,lotsof________areplantedonit.A．photo;p