成人高考专升本考试英语真题汇编1

成人高考专升本考试英语真题汇编1

（总分：61.00,做题时间：90分钟）

一、单项选择题（总题数：60,分数：60.00）

1.选出发音与其他不同的一项

（分数：1.00）

A.music

B.plastic

C.oceanV

D.public

解析：

2.选出发音与其他不同的一项

（分数:1.00）

A.knee

B.know

C.kickJ

D.knife

解析：

3.选出发音与其他不同的一项

（分数：1.00）

A.sight

B.bright”

C.daughter

D.enoughJ

解析：

4.选出发音与其他不同的一项

（分数：1.00）

A.equip

B.mosquitoJ

C.liquid

D.quarter

解析：

5.选出发音与其他不同的一项

（分数：1.00）

A.dear

B.heartJ

C.ear

D.tear

解析：

6.Gobacktoyourroomandleaveme

（分数：LOO）

A.aloneV

B.lonely

C.along

D.almost

解析：考查形近词词义辨析。句意：回你的房间去，让我一人待一会儿。leavesb.alone表示“别打扰

某人，让某人单独待着“lonely孤单的，孤独的；along沿着：almost几乎。

7.HeinsistedthatsheimproveheroralEnglishbydoingalotofpractice.

（分数：1.00）

A.could

B.would

C.might

D.shouldV

解析：【考试点拨】考查虚拟语气句意：他坚持认为她应该通过大量练习来提高口语：insist后的宾语

从句中的谓语应用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形"，should也可省略。

8.atsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.

（分数：1.00）

A.Publishing

B.Beingpublished

C.PublishedJ

D.Whenpublished

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他的作品在这样一个时刻出版，受到了很大关注。hiswork与publish

之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

9.HedrovetotheairporttoMr.DixonwhocametoseehimfromOrlando.

（分数：1.00）

A.pickupV

B.setout

C.callfor

D.turndown

解析：考查词组词义辨析。句意：他开车去机场接从奥兰多来看他的狄克逊先生。pickup接（人）：

setout出发；callfor需要；turndown拒绝。

10.Itiskindyoutodomeafavoratthismoment.

（分数：1.00）

A.to

B.for

C.ofJ

D.about

解析：考查固定句型：句意：谢谢你在这个时候来帮我。Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.是固定句型。

11.yMroomgetsverycoldatnight.

（分数：1.00）

A.Soismine

B.SodoesmineJ

C.Somineis

D.Sominedoes

解析：考查倒装语序。句意：一一我的房间到晚上就变得很冷。一一我的也是。由so,neither,nor开

头的句子，表示重复前面句子的部分意思，但前后两句的主语不同，且句子应用倒装结构。

12.parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.

（分数：1.00）

A.WhatJ

B.That

C.Which

D.As

解析：考查主语从句。句意：父母的言行对他们的孩子有终生的影响。从句中缺少宾语，排除that,因

that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分。which有选择含义，应排除。what符合题意。

13.Manyayoungscientist_engagedintheresearchwork.

（分数：1.00）

A.have

B.has

C.havebeen

D.hasbeenJ

解析：考查主谓一致。句意：很多年轻的科学家都投入到这一项研究工作中来。“manya+名词单数''

作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。另外，beengagedin是固定搭配，表示“忙于，从事于"。

14.Hewasfound________onemonthafterhewasborn.

（分数：1.00）

A.quiet

B.still

C.silent

D.dumbJ

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他出生一个月后被发现是个哑巴。quiet安静的：still静止不动

的；silent不说话的；dumb哑的,不会说话的。

15.Shecryingveryhelpfultoexpresshersadness.

（分数：LOO）

A.considersJ

B.confirms

C.believes

D.pretends

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为哭泣非常有助于表达她的哀伤：consider认为，其后可以接形

容词作宾语补足语，符合题意。confirm确信；believe相信；pretend装作。

16.Youcannotseethepatientatthemoment;heisnowmedicaltreatment.

（分数:1.00）

A.in

B.on

C.underJ

D.at

解析：考查固定搭配。句意：此时你不能探望病人，他正在接受药物治疗。undertreatment接受治疗，

属于固定表达方法。

17.Silveristhebestconductorofelectricity,copperitclosely.

（分数:1.00）

A.followed

B.followingJ

C.tofollow

D.beingfollowed

解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：银是最好的导电体，铜紧次之。copper与follow之间为主动关系，故用

现在分词形式。

18.Heattheboyintosilence.

（分数：1.00）

A.glanced

B.observed

C.watched

D.staredJ

解析：考查动词词叉辨析。句意：他把那个孩子盯得不敢吱声。glance扫视：observe与watch是及物动

词，不与at搭配：从句子的意思来讲，stare“凝视，盯着看”更贴切。

19.Theplanhadbeen,whichmadehimveryangry.

（分数：LOO）

A.calledoffJ

B.calledup

C.calledin

D.calledon

解析：考查词组词义辨析。句意：那项计划已经被取消，这使他很生气。calloff取消，放弃；callup

使人想起，打电话；callin召集，请...来：callon拜访，请求。

20.Athiefbroke________'whenIwasleavingformyoffice.

（分数：LOO）

A.inJ

B.up

C.out

D.off

解析：考查词组词义辨析。句意：我正要动身去办公室的时候，一个窃贼突然闯了进来。breakin打

断，突然闯入；breakup打碎，拆散；breakout（战争、灾难、瘟疫）突然爆发；breakoff折断，中

断。

21.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21____thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23____beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24_theyhearus

make.They*readthe25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.AsyourchiIdgrowsolder,29taikingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto___35learning.M（21）题

选？

（分数：LOO）

A.discoveredJ

B.heard

C.watched

D.written

解析：理解推断题。前一句提到科学家们发现了大量的关于我们如何学习的情况。此句进一步介绍他们发

现的婴儿的学习情况，故选discover发现。

22.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe___24theyhearus

make.They〃"read"the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.AsyourchiIdgrowsolder,____29_____talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully____31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32_____and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.第（22）题

选？

（分数：1.00）

A.did

B.hoped”

C.studied

D.thoughtJ

解析：理解推断题。此句意为：他们发现婴儿从……学到的东西要远远多于我们原来所认为的

(thought)o其他三项都不符合句意，故选D。

23.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have_21_____thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24theyhearus

make.They〃〃read〃the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchi1d.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit_28_____her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

1isterling,youare33encouragingyourchiIdtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.M（23）题

（分数：1.00）

A.veryJ

B.suitable

C.right

D.early

解析：理解推断题：fromtheverybeginning是fromthebeginning的强调式，意为"从一开始"，

故选A。

24.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24theyhearus

make.They〃"read"the_25_onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26_itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31_____whatshesays.Bykeepingherin_____32_____and

listening,youare_____33_____encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks._____34_____,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto____35learning.第（24）题

选？

（分数：LOO）

A.efforts

B.faces

C.soundsJ

D.stories

解析：理解推断题。由后面的hear可知，婴儿模仿的应该是他们所听到的声音。故选C。

25.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we_22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24theyhearus

make.They〃"read"the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26_____itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbabyzs

first____27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28____her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askherabout.thethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

listening,youare____33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.第(25)题

(分数：LOO)

A.colors

B.eyes

C.1ines

D.looksJ

解析：理解推断题。根据上下文可知,这里应该说的是“婴儿模仿我们发出的声音,‘读‘我们脸上的表

情(looksonourfaces)”。

26.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have,21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we_22.before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe_24theyhearus

make.They""read"the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully____31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin____32and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto___35learning.第(26)题

(分数：1.00)

A.how

B.whyJ

C.when

D.what

解析：词义辨析题。此处应为why引出的表语从句。全句意为：那就是为什么跟你的孩子说话、唱歌、微

笑是很重要的。故选B。

27.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have_21_thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we____22____before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe___24theyhearus

make.Theread*the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchi1d.Hearingyoutalkisyourbabyzs

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28____her?tolove1anguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully____31____whatshesays.Bykeepingherin____32_____and

listening,youare____33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35_learning.第(27)题

(分数：1.00)

A.way

B.time

C.stepJ

D.set

解析：词义辨析题。听你说话是你的孩子成为“读者”的第一步。step步骤，一步。way方法：time时

间；set装置，均不合句意。故选C。

28.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we_____22_____before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe_24_theyhearus

make.They""read"the25____onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32_____and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto____35learning.第(28)题

(分数：1.00)

A.allows

B.helpsV

C.moves

D.persuades

解析：词义辨析题。句意:……因为这帮助(help)她去喜欢语言，学习单词。allow允许；move移动，

感动；persuade劝说，均与句意不符。故选B。

29.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwe1earn.They

have21_thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe___24theyhearus

make.Theread*the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchiId.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28_____her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29_talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

listening,youare____33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto___35learning.第(29)题

(分数：LOO)

A.continueV

B.remember

C.start

D.try

解析：理解推断题。本句意为：当你的孩子长大••些了.要继续跟她说话。前文已提到要跟你的孩子说

话，所以continue继续，符合句意。其他几个动词虽然都可以接动词的-ing形式，但不符合本句的意

思。故选A。

30.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwe1earn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe___24theyhearus

make.They〃"read"the_25_onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26_____itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28_____her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29_talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30_together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto____35learning.第（30）题

（分数：1.00）

A.change

B.readJ

C.record

D.tell

解析：理解推断题。根据上下文，可以判断此处应选read。…thestoryyoureadtogether意为"你们

一起读的故事中的（事情和人物）"。故选B。

31.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22.before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24theyhearus

make.They〃〃read”the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27_____towardbecomingareader,becauseit_28_____her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askherabout.thethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin_____32and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchiIdtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto_35_learning.第（31）题

（分数：1.00）

A.accepting

B.enjoying

C.carryingout

D.1isterlingtoJ

解析：词义辨析题。accept接受：enjoy喜爱：carryout完成.执行，不符合句意。listentowhat

shesays听她所说的事，符合题意，故选D。

32.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe_24_theyhearus

make.They〃"read"the_____25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis_____26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbabyrs

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.AsyourchiIdgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully_____31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin_____32_____and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabi1ityto____35______learning.第（32）题

（分数：1.00）

A.talkingJ

B.singing

C.smiling

D.playing

解析：理解推断题。本段都是在讲述让孩子听他人说话和自己说话，所以talking符合句意，故选A。

33.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe___24theyhearus

make.They""read"the250nourfacesandourmovements.Thatis____26_itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first____27towardbecomingareader,becauseit_____28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

1istening,youare33encouragingyourchiIdtothinkas?shespeaks.____34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35_learning.第(33)题

(分数：1.00)

A.then

B.already

C.even

D.alsoJ

解析：理解推断题。此处意为：通过让孩子不停地说话和听他人说话，你也是在鼓励你的孩子在说话时进

行思考。also是“也。同时”的意思，符合句意，故选D。

34.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe_24_theyhearus

make.They“〃read"the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbabyrs

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,____29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin____32_____and

listening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto___35learning.第(34)题

(分数：1.00)

A.However

B.BesidesJ

C.Otherwise

D.Again

解析：理解推断题。besides除...之外，还...，符合题意。however尽管如此;otherwise否则；

again再，又，均不符合句意。故选B。

35.Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.They

have21_thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthan

we22before.Youcan?helpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.From

the___23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe____24theyhearus

make.Theread*the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itisso

importanttotalk,singandsmileto?yourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby's

first27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28her?tolovelanguageandto

learnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29_talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethings

shedoes.Askher?abouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Lether

knowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32and

listening,youare33_____encouragingyourchildtothinkas?shespeaks.34_____,you

areshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.第（35）题

（分数：1.00）

A.begin

B.dependon

C.keepJ

D.turnto

解析：词义辨析题。keeplearning继续学习。begin开始：dependon依靠；turnto转向，均不符合句

意。故选C。

36.Publicgoodsarethosecommoditiesfromwhoseenjoymentnobodycanbeeffectively

excluded.Everybodyisfreetoenjoythebenefitsofthesecommodities,andonepersonzs

uti1izationdoesnotreducethepossibi1itiesofanybodyelse'senjoyingthesamegood.

Examplesofpublicgoodsarenotasrareasonemightexpect.Afloodcontroldamisapublic

goods.Oncethedamisbuilt,allpersonslivingintheareawillbenefit-irrespectiveof

theirowncontributiontotheconstructioncostofthedam.Thesameholdstreeforhighway

signsoraidstonavigation.Oncea1ighthouseisbuiIt,noshipofanynationalitycanbe

effectivelyexcludedfromtheuti1izationofthe1ighthousefornavigational

purposes.Nationaldefenseisanotherexample.Evenapersonwhovotedagainstmilitary

expendituresordidnotpayanytaxeswillbenefitfromtheprotectionafforded.

Itisnoeasytasktodeterminethesocialcostsandsocialbenefitsassociatedwithpublic

goods.Thereisnopracticablewayofchargingdriversforlookingathighwaysigns,sailors

forwatchingalighthouse,andcitizensforthesecurityprovidedtothemthroughnational

defense.Becausethemarketdoesnotprovidethenecessarysignals,economicanalysishasto

besubstitutedfortheimpersonaljudgementofthemarketplace.

Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

（分数：LOO）

A.Mechanismsforsafernavigation

B.Theeconomicstructureofthemarketplace

C.AspecificgroupofcommoditiesJ

D.Theadvantagesofloweringtaxes

解析：主旨大意题。本文讲述的是公共商品，如水坝、公路标志、灯塔、国防等，它也可以说是一种特殊

的商品，故选C。

37.Publicgoodsarethosecommoditiesfromwhoseenjoymentnobodycanbeeffectively

excluded.Everybodyisfreetoenjoythebenefitsofthesecommodities,andonepersonzs

utilizationdoesnotreducethepossibilitiesofanybodyelse'senjoyingthesamegood.

Examplesofpublicgoodsarenotasrareasonemightexpect.Afloodcontroldamisapublic

goods.Oncetheclamisbuilt,allpersonslivingintheareawillbenefit-irrespectiveof

theirowncontributiontotheconstructioncostofthedam.Thesameholdstreeforhighway

signsoraidstonavigation.Oncealighthouseisbuilt,noshipofanynationalitycanbe

effectivelyexcludedfromtheutilizationofthelighthousefornavigational

purposes.Nationaldefenseisanotherexample.Evenapersonwhovotedagainstmilitary

expendituresordidnotpayanytaxeswi11benefitfromtheprotectionafforded.

Itisnoeasytasktodeterminethesocialcostsandsocialbenefitsassociatedwithpublic

goods.Thereisnopracticablewayofchargingdriversforlookingathighwaysigns,sailors

forwatchingalighthouse,andcitizensforthesecurityprovidedtothemthroughnational

defense.Becausethemarketdoesnotprovidethenecessarysignals,economicanalysishasto

besubstitutedfortheimpersonaljudgementofthemarketplace.

WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbeanexampleofpublicgoodsasdescribedinthepassage?

（分数：1.00）

A.AtaxiV

B.Abridge

C.Afiretruck

D.Astoplight

解析：推理判断题。从文章第一、二段可知，公共商品是每个人都可免费享用的商品，如水坝，公路标志

等。由此推知，四个选项中，桥梁、消防车、交通灯都是公共商品，只有A项不是公共商品。

38.Publicgoodsarethosecommoditiesfromwhoseenjoymentnobodycanbeeffectively

excluded.Everybodyisfreetoenjoythebenefitsofthesecommodities,andonepersonzs

utilizationdoesno