英语含有二真题1986年-2009统一卷

1996年攻读入学考试英语试PartⅠClozeForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.(10points)Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthenormalgrowthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.Theydonotprovideenergy,1dotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyareneededfor2foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif3ismissingadeficiency es4.Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and5nitrogen.Theyaredifferent6theirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitamin7oneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.8enoughvitaminsisessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritionalusefor9vitamins.Manypeople,10,believeinbeingonthe“safeside”andthustakeextravitamins.However,awellbalanceddietwillusuallymeetallthebody’svitaminneeds.6.［A］in［B］so［C］such［D］except［C］PartⅡReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionstherearefouranswersmarked［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40Passage lippedeldersusedtosay,“It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouPsychologyteachesthatyoudogetwhatyouwantifyouknowwhatyouwantandwanttherightYoucanmakeamentalblueprintofadesireasyouwouldmakeablueprintofahouse,andeachofusiscontinuallymakingtheseblueprintsinthegeneralroutineofeverydayliving.Ifweintendtohavefriendstodinner,wenthe,makeashoplist,decidewhichfoodtocookfirst,andsuchnningisanessentialforanytypeofmealtobeserved.Likewise,ifyouwanttofindajob,takeasheetofpaper,andwriteabriefaccountofyourself.Inmakingablueprintforajob,beginwithyourself,forwhenyouknowexactlywhatyouhavetooffer,youcaninligentlynwheretosellyourservices.Thisaccountofyourselfisactuallyasketchofyourworkinglifeandshouldincludeeducation,experienceandreferences.Suchanaccountisvaluable.Itcanbereferredtoinfillingoutstandardapplicationblanksandisextremelyhelpfulinalinterviews.Whiletalkingtoyou,yourcouldbeemployerisdecidingwhetheryoureducation,yourexperience,andotherqualificationswillpayhimtoemployyouandyour“wares”andabilitiesmustbedisyedinanorderlyandreasonablyconnectedmanner.Whenyouhavecarefullypreparedablueprintofyourabilitiesanddesires,youhavesomethingtangibletosell.Thenyouarereadytohuntforajob.Getallthepossibleinformationaboutyourcouldbejob.Makeinquiriesastothedetailsregardingthejobandthefirm.Keepyoureyesandearsopen,anduseyourownjudgment.Spendacertainamountoftimeeachdayseekingtheemploymentyouwishfor,andkeepinmind:Securingajobisyourjobnow.Whatdotheeldersmeanwhentheysay,“It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyou［A］You’llcertainlygetwhatyou［B］It’snouse［C］Youshouldbedissatisfiedwithwhatyou［D］It’sessentialtosetagoalforAblueprintmadebeforeinvitingafriendtodinnerisusedinthispassage ［A］anillustrationofhowtowriteanapplicationfora［B］anindicationofhowtosecureagood［C］aguidelineforjob［D］aprincipleforjobAccordingtothepassage,onemustwriteanaccountofhimselfbeforestartingtofindajob ［A］thatisthefirststeptopleasethe［B］thatistherequirementofthe［C］itenableshimtoknowwhentosellhis［D］ shim eclearlyawareofWhenyouhavecarefullypreparedablueprintofyourabilitiesanddesires,youhave ［A］definiteto ［B］imaginaryto［C］practicalto ［D］desirabletoPassageWiththestartofBBCWorldServiceevision,millionsofviewersinAsiaandAmericacannowwatchtheCorporation’snewscoverage,aswellaslistentoit.AndofcourseinBritainlistenersandviewerscantuneintotwoBBCevisionchannels,fiveBBCnationalradioservicesanddozensoflocalradiostations.Theyarebroughtsport,comedy,drama,music,newsandcurrentaffairs,education,religion,parliamentarycoverage,children’sprogrammesandfiforanannuallicencefeeof￡83perItisaremarkablerecord,stretchingbackover70years—yettheBBC’sfutureisnowindoubt.TheCorporationwillsurviveasapubliclyfundedbroadcastingorganization,atleastforthetimebeing,butitsrole,itssizeanditsprogrammesarenowthesubjectofanationwidedebateinBritain.Thedebatewaslaunchedbytheernment,whichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC—includingordinarylistenersandviewers—tosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation,andevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkee.ThereasonforitsinquiryisthattheBBC’sroyalcharterrunsoutin1996anditmustdecidewhethertokeeptheorganizationasitis,ortomakechanges.DefendersoftheCorporation—ofwhomtherearemany—arefondofquotingtheAmericanslogan“Ifitain’tbroke,don’tfixit.”TheBBC“ain’tbroke”,theysay,bywhichtheymeanitisnotbroken(asdistinctfromtheword‘broke’,meaninghavingnomoney),sowhybothertochangeit?YettheBBCwillhavetochange,becausethebroadcastingworldarounditischanging.ThecommercialTVchannels——ITVandChannel4——wererequiredbytheThatcherernment’sBroadcastingActto morecommercial,competingwitheachotherforadvertisers,andcuttingcostsandjobs.Butitisthearrivalofnewsalitechannels—fundedpartlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers’subscriptions—whichwillbringaboutthebiggestchangesinthelongterm.TheworldfamousBBCnow ［A］theproblemofnews ［B］anuncertain［C］inquiriesbythegeneral ［D］shrinkageofInthepassage,whichofthefollowingabouttheBBCisnotmentionedasthekey［A］ExtensionofitsTVservicetoFar［B］Programmesasthesubjectofanation-wide［C］Potentialsforfurtherinternationalco-［D］ItsexistenceasabroadcastingTheBBC’s“royalcharter”(Line4,Paragraph4)stands ［A］thefinancialsupportfromtheroyal［B］theprivilegesgrantedbythe［C］acontractwiththe［D］auniquerelationshipwiththeroyalTheforemostreasonwhytheBBChastoreadjustitselfisnoother ［A］theemergenceofcommercialTV［B］theenmentofBroadcastingActbythe［C］theurgentnecessitytoreducecostsand［D］thechallengeofnew litePassageInthelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury“capital”and“labour”wereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodernlines.Manyanoldfirmwasrecedbyalimitedliability withabureaucracyofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwasmoreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiative,towardscollectivismandmunicipalandstate-ownedbusiness.Therailwaycompanies,thoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedforthebenefitofshareholders,wereveryunlikeoldfamilybusiness.Atthesametimethegreatmunicipalitieswentintobusinesstosupplylighting,tramsandotherservicestotheThegrowthofthelimitedliability andmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,imalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.Allthroughthenineteenthcentury,America,Africa,,AustraliaandpartsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritishcapital,andBritishshareholderswerethusenrichedbytheworld’smovementtowardsindustrialization.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouselarge“comfortable”classeswhohadretiredontheir es,andwhohadnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatofdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders’meetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.Ontheotherhand“shareholding”meantleisureanddomwhichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreatcivilization.The“shareholders”assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbytheinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood.Themanageractingforthe wasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliaralknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemeresizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchalrelationsimpossible.Fortunay,however,theincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetradeunions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem.Thecrueldisciplineofthestrikeandlockouttaughtthetwopartiestorespecteachother’sstrengthandunderstandthevalueoffairnegotiation.It’strueoftheoldfamilyfirms ［A］theywerespoiledbytheyounger［B］theyfailedforlackofindividual［C］theylackedefficiencycomparedwithmodern［D］theycouldsupplyadequateservicestotheThegrowthoflimitedliabilitycompaniesresulted ［A］theseparationofcapitalfrom［B］theownershipofcapitalby［C］theemergenceofcapitalandlabourastwo［D］theparticipationofshareholdersinmunicipalAccordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueexcept ［A］theshareholderswereunawareoftheneedsofthe［B］theoldfirmownershadabetterunderstandingoftheir［C］thelimitedliabilitycompaniesweretoolargetorun［D］thetradeunionsseemedtoyapositiveTheauthorismostcritical ［A］familyfirm ［B］［C］ ［D］PassageWhataccountsforthegreatoutburstofmajorinventionsinearlyAmerica—breakthroughssuchastheegraph,theboatandtheweavingmachine?Amongthemanyshafactors,Iwouldsingleoutthecountry’sexcellentelementaryschools;a edthenewtechnology;thepracticeofgivingpremiumstoinventors;andabovealltheAmericangeniusfornonverbal,“spatial”thinkingaboutthingstechnological.Whymentiontheelementaryschools?Becausethankstotheseschoolsourearlymechanics,especiallyintheNewEnglandandMiddleAtlanticstates,weregenerallyliteandathomeinarithmeticandinsomeaspectsofgeometryandtrigonometry.AcuteforeignobserversrelatedAmericanadaptivenessandinventivenesstothiseducationaladvantage.AsamemberofaBritishcommissionvisitingherein1853reported,“Withamindpreparedbythoroughschooldiscipline,theAmericanboydevelopsrapidlyintotheskilledworkman.”Afurtherstimulustoinventioncamefromthe“premium”system,whichprecededourpatentsystemandforyearsranparallelwithit.Thisapproach,originatedabroad,offeredinventorsmedals,cashprizesandotherincentives.IntheUnitedStates,multitudesofpremiumsfornewdeviceswereawardedatcountryfairsandattheindustrialfairsinmajorcities.AmericansflockedtothesefairstoadmirethenewmachinesandthustorenewtheirfaithinbeneficenceoftechnologicalGiventhisoptimisticapproachtotechnologicalinnovation,theAmericanworkertookreadilytothatspecialkindofnonverbalthinkingrequiredinmechanicaltechnology.AsEugeneFergusonhaspointedout,“Atechnologistthinksaboutobjectsthatcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinhismindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess…Thedesignerandtheinventor…areabletoassembleandmanipulateintheirmindsdevicesthatasyetdonotexist.”Thisnonverbal“spatial”thinkingcanbejustascreativeaspaintingandwriting.RobertFultononcewrote,“Themechanicshouldsitdownamonglevers,screws,wedges,wheels,etc,likeapoetamongthelettersofthealphabet,consideringthemasanexhibitionofhisthoughts,inwhichanewarrangementtransmitsanewidea.”Whenalltheseshas—schools,openattitudes,thepremiumsystem,ageniusforspatialthinking—inctedwithoneanotherontherichU.S.,theyproducedthatAmericancharacteristicemulation.Todaythatwordimpliesmereimitation.ButinearliertimesitmeantafriendlybutcompetitivestrivingforfameandAccordingtotheauthor,thegreatoutburstofmajorinventionsinearlyAmericawasinalargepartdue ［A］elementary ［B］enthusiastic［C］theattractivepremiumsystem［D］aspecialwayofItisimpliedthatadaptivenessandinventivenessoftheearlyAmerican ［A］benefitedalotfromtheirmathematical［B］shedlightondisciplinedschool［C］wasbroughtaboutbyprivilegedhome［D］owedalottothetechnologicalAtechnologistcanbecomparedtoan ［A］theyarebothwinnersof［B］theyarebothexpertsinspatial［C］theybothabandonverbal［D］theybothusevariousThebesttitleforthispassagemight ［A］Inventive ［B］Effective［C］Waysof ［D］OutpouringofPassageRumorhasitthatmorethan20booksoncreationism/evolutionareinthepublisher’spipelines.Afewhavealreadyappeared.Thegoalofallwillbetotrytoexintoaconfusedandoftenunenlightenedcitizenrythattherearenottwoequallyvalidscientifictheoriesfortheoriginandevolutionofuniverseandlife.Cosmology,geology,andbiologyhaveprovidedaconsistent,unified,andconstantlyimprovingaccountofwhathappened.“Scientific”creationism,whichisbeingpushedbysomefor“equaltime”intheclassroomswheneverthescientificaccountsofevolutionaregiven,isbasedonreligion,notscience.Virtuallyallscientistsandthemajorityofnonfundamentalistreligiousleadershavecometoregard“scientific”creationismasbadscienceandbadreligion.ThefirstfourchaptersofKitcher’sbookgiveaverybriefintroductiontoevolution.Atappropriateces,heintroducesthecriticismsofthecreationistsandprovidesanswers.Inthelastthreechapters,hetakesoffhisglovesandgivesthecreationistsagoodbeating.Hedescribestheirprogrammesandtactics,and,forthoseunfamiliarwiththewaysofcreationists,theextentoftheirdeceptionanddistortionmaycomeasanunpleasantsurprise.Whentheirbasicmotivationisreligious,onemighthaveexpectedmoreChristianbehavior.Kitcherisaphilosopher,andthismayaccount,inpart,fortheclarityandeffectivenessofhisarguments.Thenon-specialistwillbeabletoobtainatleastanotionofthesortsofdataandargumentthatsupportevolutionarytheory.Thefinalchaptersonthecreationistswillbeextremelycleartoall.Onthedustjacketofthisfinebook,StephenJayGouldsays:“Thisbookstandsforreasonitself.”Andsoitdoes-andallwouldbewellwerereasontheonlyjudgeinthecreationism/evolutiondebate.“Creationism”inthepassagerefers ［A］evolutioninitstruesenseastotheoriginofthe［B］anotionofthecreationof［C］thescientificexnationoftheearth［D］thedeceptivetheoryabouttheoriginoftheKitcher’sbookisintended mendtheviewsofthe［B］exposethetruefeaturesof［C］cursebitterlyathis［D］launchasurpriseattackonFromthepassagewecaninfer ［A］reasoninghasyedadecisiveroleinthe［B］creationistsdonotbasetheirargumenton［C］evolutionarytheoryistoodifficultfornon-［D］creationismissupportedbyscientificThispassageappearstobeadigest ［A］abook ［B］ascientific［C］amagazine ［D］anewspaperPartⅢEnglish—Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto.YourshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15Thedifferencesinrelativegrowthofvariousareasofscientificresearchhaveseveralcauses.31）Someofthesecausesarecompleyreasonableresultsofsocialneeds.Othersarereasonableconsequencesofparticularadvancesinsciencebeingtosomeextentself-accelerating.Some,however,arelessreasonableprocessesofdifferentgrowthinwhichpreconceptionsoftheformscientifictheoryoughttotake,by sinauthority,acttoalterthegrowthpatternofdifferentareas.Thisisanewproblemprobablynotyetunavoidable;butitisafrighteningtrend.32）ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,whenseveralernmentscametotheconclusionthatthespecificdemandsthataernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.Itcanbepredicted,however,thatfromtimetotimequestionswillarisewhichwillrequirespecificscientificanswers.Itisthereforegenerallyvaluabletotreatthescientificestablishmentasaresourceormachinetobekeptinfunctionalorder.33）Thisseemsmostlyeffectivelydonebysupportingacertainamountofresearchnotrelatedtoimmediategoalsbutofpossibleconsequenceinthefuture.Thiskindofsupport,likeallernmentsupport,requiresdecisionsabouttheappropriaterecipientsoffunds.Decisionsbasedonutilityasopposedtolackofutilityarestraightforward.Butadecisionamongprojectsnoneofwhichhasimmediateutilityismoredifficult.Thegoalofthesupportingagenciesisthepraisableoneofsupporting“good”asopposedto“bad”science,butavaliddeterminationisdifficulttomake.Generally,theideaofgoodsciencetendsto econfusedwiththecapacityofthefieldinquestiontogenerateaneleganttheory.34）However,theworldissomadethatelegantsystemsareinprincipleunabletodealwithsomeoftheworld’smorefascinatinganddelightfulaspects.35）Newformsofthoughtaswellasnewsubjectsforthoughtmustariseinthefutureastheyhaveinthepast,givingrisetonewstandardsofelegance.SectionⅣ36.Title:GOODTimelimit:Wordlimit:120—150words(notincludingthegivenopeningYourcompositionshouldbebasedonthe“OUTLINE”belowandshouldstartwiththegivenopeningsentence:“Thedesireforgoodhealthisuniversal”.YourcompositionmustbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERImportanceofgoodWaystokeepMyown1996年答案及解PartⅠCloze. 5. 6. 7. 9. 10.PartⅡReadingPassagePart11.12.14.PassagePassagePassagePassagePartⅢ 这种趋势始于第二次期间，当时一些国家的得出结论：要向其科研机构提出具体SectionⅣWriting(15PartⅠClozeTest［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］；sonot...no.

；never谈。综合以上因素，C为正确选项。［A］shifting替换，转 ［B］transferring迁移，移动，传［C］altering改变，变 ［D］transforming转换，改［精解］+2into搭配，并符合文意。transform常与into搭配，强调的是“事物大的或质的改变。在此从food（食物）energy（能量）的转变是一种质的改变，因此，D符合句意。；transfer与into搭配，如：Hisemployertransferredhimtoanotheroffice.（把他调到了另一个；alter强调ranaan（trans-transranpot（［A］any任何一 ［B］some一［C］anything任何事 ［D］something某事［精解］andTherearethirteenormoreofthemthem指的vitaminsif（会出现）ifis是单数，因而，只能由一个表示单数意义的不定代词作为被选项。someanythingsomething泛指任何事或某些事，放入句中不符句意；any放入后相当于anyofthemany一般用于否定或疑问句中，做主语时，谓语动词常用单数，如：Anyofthehuntersisabletocatchthetigersingle-［A］serious严重的，严肃的，认真 ［B］apparent明显［C］severe严厉的，剧烈的，严峻的［D］fatal［精解］严重的，因此，这三个词都不可作为被选项。apparent只是简单地描述了疾病的症状，为正确选项。［A］mostly大部分，主要 ［B］partially部分［C］sometimes有时 ［D］rarely很少地，罕有［精解］+usually相呼应。usually是频度副词，选项也应是频度副词。选项中，mostlypartially不是频率副词，而是强调事物部分与整体的关系，如：Theaudienceconsistedmostlyofwomen.（观众主要是妇女；Thedriverispartiallytoblamefortheaccident.（对那次应负部分责任。rarely是频率副词，但它含［A］inthat［B］sothat以致，以便，(引导结果或目的状语从句［C］suchthat那样，以至，(不能连接两个完整的句子［D］exceptthat［精解］例句补充：Self-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.（自我批评是必要的，因为它能帮助我们改正错误；Speakloudersothatallthepeopleinthehallcanhearyou.（大声点讲以便大厅里的人都能听清；Thesituationwassuchthatpoliticalobserversfounditdifficulttopredict.（形势如此，连政治观察家们也觉得难以预料；Hisaccountiscorrectexceptthatsomedetailsareomitted.（除了有些细节未提到之［A］undertakes承担，采取［B］holds［C］ys担当，承 ［D］performs表演，执行，履［精解］functionfunctionperformperformaofthebody.（大脑具有非常重要的功能，它控制着身体内的神经系统。在文中，它意为“每种元素在functionfulfill、serve等。其它选项的常用搭配［A］Supplying［B］Getting［C］Providing［D］Furnishing［精解］+hasnonutritionalusefor9vitaminsenoughvitamins构成动名词的复合结构做主句的主语。although引导的让步状语从句中的主语，是身体需要获取维生素的营养，而不是“提供Getting（获取，获得）符合。furnishthenewapartment(为新房间配备家具)；supply强调“提供；provideprovidetoprovideforhisoldage.(他努力赚钱以防老)。［A］exceptional例外的，异常的［B］exceeding［C］excess额外的，多余 ［D］external外部的，客观的，外用［精解］+本题空格所在部分是although引导的让步状语从句。前面主句提到，获取足够维生素是必要的，因此从句很可能要从相反的角度来说明获取维生素对的意义。haveusefor是固定短语，意为“需要主要用于否定和疑问句中，如：Ihavenofurtheruseforit.（我不再需要它了。因此，根据所在从句的含义，考生需判断对什么维生素没有营养上的需要。选项中，首先排除external和exceptional，因为不存在“外部exceeding用来指被修饰的成分超出了一般的限度，如：exceeding［A］nevertheless（表示转折关系［B］therefore表因果关系［C］moreover（表示递进关系［D］meanwhile（=atthesametime）表示时间关系［精解］上文提到，过量维生素对身体没有营养价值，接着作者很多人的心态：为“安全”考虑，而服用额外的nevertheless为同之处在于每种维生素内部的元素排列方式不同，并且每种元素在内承担一种或多种具体功能。PartⅡReadingComprehensionPassage1 Whatdotheeldersmeanwhentheysay,“It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget”?

It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyouget”是什么意思？［A］You’llcertainlygetwhatyou ［A］［B］It’snouse ［B］［C］Youshouldbedissatisfiedwithwhatyou

［C］（所［D］It’sessentialtosetagoalfor ［D］（所想）［精解］原句it’snot...but...B选项较好地概括了原文意思，为正确答案。Acertainly一词过于绝对，而且第二段提到，得到“所想”的条件是：知道自己需要什么、并且要求合理。C选项中“不满足”是文中没有的内容。D选项强调“所想”的重要性，与原句意思相反。whatyouwant和whatyouget具12.Ablueprintmadebeforeinvitingafriendtodinnerisusedinthispassageas ［A］anillustrationofhowtowriteapplicationfora

［B］anindicationofhowtosecureagood ［B］［C］aguidelineforjob ［C］［D］aprincipleforjob ［D］［精解］B、CDgoodjob、jobdescription、jobevaluation写作意图。此外，要熟悉段落关联词和短语的用法，如：likewise表并列，暗示不同成分间的和相似。例句：Thisceisprettybeautiful,likewisethepeoplehere.这地方美，人也美。Accordingtothepassage,onemustwriteanaccountofhimselfbeforestartingtofindajobbecause.

［A］［B］thatistherequirementofthe ［B］［C］itenableshimtoknowwhentosellhis［D］it shimto eclearlyawareof

［C］［D］［精解］根据题干beforestartingtofindajob定位到第四段第二句。该句中for引导的原因状语从句对该exactly与clearly相对应，knowwhatyouhavetooffer与eawareofhimself一致。Cwherewhen。A选项不正确。B选项属项，但文中未提及。ofyourabilitiesanddesires,youhavesomething.

［A］definiteto ［A］［B］imaginaryto ［B］［C］practicalto ［C］［D］desirableto ［D］［精解］本题题干和文章最后一段第一句几乎一模一样sell在四个选项中分别换成了同义词offerprovide、supplypresenttangible一词的理解。可联系上文第五段中提到的“简历中的教育背确实的A选项为正确答案。B容易排除，Practical意为workableuseful（可行的，有用的C和D。①It’snotwhatyouwantinthisworld,butwhatyou知识点补充：but作为介词还有其他用法，例如：nothingbutNothingbutamiraclecansavehernow.(现在只有出现才能救活她)；anythingbut“根本不，如：Heisanythingbutmad.(他点儿也不生气)②Youcanmakeamentalblueprintofadesireasyouwouldmakeablueprintofahouse,andeachofusiscontinuallymakingtheseblueprintsinthegeneralroutineofeverydayliving.此句是用and连接的两个并列句一个分句中又用as引导了一个比较状语从句将makeablueprintofadesire与makeablueprintofahouse作比较。第二个分句的主干是：eachofus...ismaking...blueprints...③Whiletalkingtoyou,yourcould-beemployerisdecidingwhetheryoureducation,yourexperience,andotherqualificationswillpayhimtoemployyouandyourwaresandabilitiesmustbedisyedinanorderlyandreasonablyconnectedmanner.该句主干是While…,yourcould-beemployerisdecidingwhether...andyourwaresandabilitiesmustbedisyed...。前一个分句中while引导伴随状语从句，whether引导宾语从句，该从句中并列主语为youreducation,yourexperience,andotherqualificationspayhim，后面是不定式做的状语。And后面的并列句是语态，其中in…manner为方式状语。)wares①Likewise,ifyouwanttofindajob,takeasheetofpaper,andwriteabriefaccountof②Keepyoureyesandearsopen,anduseyourown例句补充：Keepyoureyesandearsopen,anduseyourownjudgementThenyoucanfindsomethingofreal四、词汇与超纲词时针方向地）,lengthwise（纵向地，竖着地）reference（n.）证明文书,;toagainstintruders（保护以免外人闯入）“Passage本文了BBC（英国）的现状及的问题。文章从现状入手，接着话锋一转进入，谈到目前在范围内一场针对BBC应该保持原样还是进行的争论，最后作者必须进行。本第一至二段：为一个，描述BBC的接收范围和它的类型，总之，情况令人乐观。第三段：承上启下，先总结前两段，yet语气一转，点出文章的，即，BBC前途未卜。第四段：发起对BBC的这场争论的原因：特许权1996年到期。第五段：BBC第六段：再次出现yet转折点出作者观点，即，BBC必须，因为世界在发生变化TheworldfamousBBCnow 15.世界著名的BBC现在［A］theproblemofnews ［A］覆盖范围的问［B］anuncertain ［B］［C］inquiriesbythegeneral ［C］［D］shrinkageof ［D］（听）［精解］文章第一、二段描述BBC自开播以来其接收范围和类型已经非常广泛，这两段间用and相连，表其中原文的futureindoubtprospectuncertain。BBCA选项。第四段提到，对公众，即邀请人们对BBC做出评价。而C选项则成了公众对BBC的。D选项thoughbutyethoweverInthepassage,whichofthefollowingabouttheBBCisnotmentionedasthekeyissue?

BBC的关键问［A］ExtensionofitsTVservicetoFar ［A］［B］Programmesasthesubjectofanation-widedebate.［C］Potentialsforfurtherinternationalco-［D］ Itsexistenceasabroadcasting

［B］电视成为上下谈论的话题［C］［精解］解此题可采用排除法。A选项在文章第一段提到成千上万的亚美观众现在都能和收听该公司的FarEast就是西方国家对亚洲最东部国家的称呼。BD选项都在文章第三段第“BBC却已经成为全英国谈论的话题文章只提到BBC自身的而未涉及国际合作问题故C选项为答案。技巧：原文中没有涉及的细节一般包括两种：一是文中根本没有提到；二是与文中其他内容相。解TheBBC’s“royalcharter”(line4,paragraph4)standsfor ［A］thefinancialsupportfromtheroyal

charter（ ［A］［B］theprivilegesgrantedbythe ［B］赋予的［C］acontractwiththe ［C］与签的合［D］auniquerelationshipwiththeroyal

［D］［精解］第四段末句提到进行的原因是：theBBC’sroyalcharterrunsoutin1996anditmustdecidewhethertokeeptheorganizationasitisortomakechanges，可见，royalcharterBBS的存在大有关联。解此runout的含义。runoutC选项。英国是君主立宪制国家，与签约表明BBC是国家办的，而非私营企业。TheforemostreasonwhytheBBChastoreadjustitselfisnootherthan ［A］theemergenceofcommercial［B］theen mentofBroadcastingActbytheernment［C］theurgentnecessitytoreducecostsand

BBC不得不进行调整的最主要原因正 ［A］商业电道的出［B］广播法的实［C］［D］thechallengeofnew lite ［D］新电道［精解］文章第六段首先BBC不得不进行，接着陆续给出原因：它周边的广播业正在发生变化电道的出现。最后一句使用强调句型Itisthearrival...whichwill...thebiggestchanges...，强调后一原因更补充：nootherthanHeisnootherthanmyoldfriendJones.他就是我的老友琼①Theyarebroughtsport,comedy,drama,music,newsandcurrentaffairs,education,religion,parliamentarycoverage,children’sprogrammesandfiforanannuallicencefeeof￡83perhousehold.该句的主干是Theyarebrought…，谓语是语态，由bring接双宾结构即bringthemsth转化而来，sport,comedy,drama等一串并列名词构成，foranannual…作状语。②Thecorporationwillsurviveasapublicly-fundedbroadcastingorganization，atleastforthetimebeing，butitsrole，itssizeanditsprogrammesarenowthesubjectofanation-widedebateinBritain.but连接的两个转折关系的分句。前半句为Thecorporationwillsurviveas…，其中atleastforB的对象。③Thedebatewaslaunchedbytheernment,whichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC—includingordinarylistenersandviewers—tosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation,andevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkee.该句的主干是：Thedebatewaslaunchedbytheernment，后面是由which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰ernment。这个从句的主干是：whichinvitedanyone...tosay...。在anyone后由with引导的介词短语say后有两个宾语成分whatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporation和whethertheythoughtitwasworthkee，even表进一步强调。meaninghavingnomoney),sowhybothertochangeit?该句调整句序后应为：Theysay,theBBC“ain’tbroke”,…,sowhybothertochangeit?。主分是由brokebroken（破损）和broke（）有不同含义，后一分句whybothertodosth.是反问句，属非正式用法。加以区别，因为作者认为broke的意思应该是“⑤Butitisthearrivalofnewsalitechannels—fundedpartlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers’subscriptions—whichwillbringaboutthebiggestchangesinthelongterm.此句的主干是itisthearrival...which...，是一个强调句，被强调的部分为主语thearrivalofnewsa①AndofcourseinBritainlistenersandviewerscantuneintotwoBBCevisionchannels,fiveBBCnationalradioservicesanddozensoflocalradiostations.（v.）（n.）stretch（v.）拉长，延伸，～ingback...成功等的怀疑，如：Idoubthishonesty.在动词doubt之后，如用but，则but与that意义相同。如：Idonot表示。如：I somefalsehoodinwhathesays.我怀疑他的话中有些虚假。（.）～（to）（a.）童及。(长难句①)延续七十多年，BBC可谓历程辉煌，然而现在，BBC的未来却令人疑虑。虽然至少目前，它仍可以以坏进行评说，甚至可以评说他们是否认为公司值得办下去。(长难句③)这样做的原因是BBC所持的特许证于1996年到期，必须决定是让公司维持原状还是进行。“（brokebrokebroken（（Passage：：It’strueoftheoldfamilyfirms 19.关于旧式企业的正确说 ［A］［B］theyfailedforlackofindividual ［B］［D］theycouldsupplyadequateservicestothe

［C］［D］它们能够为提供足够的服［精解］化防止了效率的下降，而在过去这种低效率使得许多旧式企业在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二代和第三代手中。由此可以推知旧式企业缺乏效率。C选项正确。A选项属于过度推理，文中提到的是declineinefficiencycommonlyspoiledthefourtunesoffamilyfirms，可见企业败坏在晚辈手中的根本原因还是效率低下。该段第四句表明（由企业到公司）这一变化也是由个人独创到集体创业迈出的一步，由此推知企业并不缺乏个人独创精神，故B选项与原文不符。D选项属于张冠李戴，该段最后一句只提到，市政也开始为提供各种服务，和旧式家Thegrowthoflimitedliabilitycompaniesresultedin

20.的发展造成 ［A］theseparationofcapitalfrom ［A］［B］theownershipofcapitalby ［B］对资本的所由经理掌［C］t