河南省三门峡市陕州2023学年高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Manyartifacts________forthefirsttimeintheNationalMuseumatpresent.A．wereexhibitedB．werebeingexhibitedC．arebeingexhibitedD．areexhibited2．Wearesotired.______wecouldtakethedayofftomorrow!A．OnlyifB．WhatifC．IfonlyD．Ifso3．—DoyouknowLindawasfiredforhercasualattitudetowardsthejob?—Nowondershe_________whenItriedtoamuseherthismorning.A．wastickledpink B．pulledmylegC．gavemethecoldshoulder D．sawthehandwritingonthewall4．Thiskindofgelpenwhich______smoothlyisquitepopularwithstudents.A．iswrittenB．iswritingC．wroteD．writes5．---Willyoube_____________thisevening，Mary？---Thatdepends.IamafraidIwillbewithmymanager，discussingaplan.A．convenient B．suitableC．available D．efficient6．---Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?---yes.Theyareaccustomed____atmeals.A．totalking B．tonottalking C．tonottalk D．totalk7．AlphaGo’sbeatingGograndmasterLeeSedol4-1has________aninternationaldebateaboutwhetherrobotswillcompletelytaketheplaceofhumans.A．giveoff B．workoutC．setoff D．putout8．Itrainedthismorning,_____actuallydidn’tbothermebecauseIlikewalkingintherain.A．what B．whenC．where D．which9．Peoplecrowdinto________cherrytreesareblooming,appreciatingthefreshspringsight.A．what B．whenC．which D．where10．Abrahamsethimselfupinfrontofhisdaughter,hands________herhair,andwasclosetotears,reluctanttotearhimselffromher.A．totoywith B．toyedwith C．toyingwith D．beingtoyedwith11．Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwill_____rememberingnothing.A．endup B．takeupC．leadto D．stickto12．IntheNameofPeople,apopularTVdrama,showsadeep________onthefightagainstcorruption.A．argumentB．themeC．reflectionD．impression13．Manypeoplecomplainedaboutthestoneslyingonaroad,but_______didanythingaboutgettingthestonesoutoftheway.A．both B．noone C．none D．all14．Thedoctorhadalmostlosthopeatonepoint,butthepatientfinally.A．pulledout B．pulledthrough C．pulledup D．pulledover15．Whenallissaidanddone,theredoesn’tseemtobe________amysterytoexplain.A．kindof B．closetoC．farfrom D．muchof16．．Sheisfedupwithsharingahousewithothers;,sheislookingforherownflat.A．moreover B．otherwise C．however D．therefore17．Thefarmersareinbadneedofrain,buta(an)largeamountofrainfallwillcauseFloods.A．Eventually B．constantly C．gradually D．extremely18．Hardlyever______somanychoicesforyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforceastherearetoday.A．thereare B．therehavebeen C．havetherebeen D．arethere19．ItshockedtheworldtheUnitedStateswithdrewfromsomemajoragreementsithadbeencommittedto,includingthe2015ParisAgreementonclimatechangemitigationandthe2015IranNuclearDeal.A．which B．whatC．whether D．that20．—Can'tyoudrivealittlefaster?—No.IfI________anotherspeedingticket,mydadwouldtakeawaymycar.A．wouldget B．wouldhavegot C．hadgot D．got第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Driverlesstechnologywillsoonenteranothermajorglobalindustry:shipping.Severalcompaniesrecentlyannouncedplanstolaunchself-sailingshipstoimprovesafetyandefficiency.OneofthemistheNorwegianchemicalcompanyYaraInternational.YarahasteamedupwithanotherNorwegiancompany,Kongsberg,tobuildanautonomousgoodsshipexpectedtobelaunchednextyear.Kongsbergdevelopedtheship’selectricaltechnologyandautonomouscontrolsystems.Theshipisfullyelectrictoreduceairpollution.Itisdesignedtocarrygoodscontainersnormallytransportedbytruck.Thismeanstheshipwillalsoimproveroadsafetybyreplacingabout40,000trucktripsayear.Thecompanyplanstooperatetheshipsbyfar-awaycontrolbeginningsometimenextyear.By2020,theshipsshouldbeloadingandsailingthemselves.WhileYara’sshipswillbelimitedtoNorwayatfirst,thecompanyplanstogreatlyexpanditsautonomousshippingoperationsinthecomingyears.Anothercompanyputtingahighpriority(优先)toself-sailingshipsistheworld’slargestminingcompany,Australia’sBHPBilliton.Thecompany’sVicePresidentofFreight,RashpalBhatti,recentlyspokeaboutthetechnologyinawebsitepost.Bhattibelievesautomationwillbeoneofthebiggestchangesforshippinginthefuture.Hesaid,“Autonomousshipsofferimportantopportunitiestoimprovesafetyandprovidemoreeffectiveresultstothesupplychainofthesea.”Headdedthatself-sailingshipscouldbecomearealitywithinthenextdecade.Rolls-Royce,theBritishautomobileandenginemanufacturer(制造商),isalsodevelopingunmanned(无人驾驶的)shippingtechnologies.OskarLevanderisthecompany’sheadofoperationsatsea.Hesaidinaconferencelastyear,“Thisishappening.It’snotif,it’swhen.”Levandersaidtheseautonomousshipscouldbecontrolledbyfar-awayoperatorsfromanywhere.Headded,“Becausetheseshipswillbedesignedtobeunmanned,theycanbebuiltsmaller,moreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.”1、Whyhaveseveralcountriesannouncedplanstoproduceself-sailingships?A．Tosavemoney.B．Todevelopelectricaltechnologyinships.C．Tocompeteinautonomouscontrolsystems.D．Tomakeshippingmoreeffectiveandlessrisky.2、HowwilltheNorwegianautonomousshipbedeveloped?A．OnthebasisofRolls-Royce.B．Byasinglecompanyindependently.C．Bytwonativecompaniesworkingtogether.D．BytakingelectricaltechnologyfromAustralia.3、WhatdoOskarLevander’swordssuggestinParagraph4?A．Itistooearlytomakeautonomousships.B．Thesupplychainoftheseawillbebusier.C．Peoplearemoreconcernedaboutautonomousships.D．Unmannedshippingtechnologiesarebecomingmoremature.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AutomationunderSail B．Self-sailingShipsinUseC．AutomationinSomeFields D．AutomationinImagination22．（8分）Iwasinthemiddleofasweetdreamwhenanoisestartledme.Bam!Bam!Itsoundedlikeahammerpoundingonatoughnail.Bam!Bam!BAM!Whocouldbehammeringatthreeinthemorning?ItmustbeCharlieagain,makinganotherinvention.JustasIwasputtingonmyslippersandclothes,thenoisechanged.Isatattheedgeofmybedandlistened.Tick!Tick!Tick!Itremindedmeofmyfirstwristwatch.Itsregularpacehadalwayshelpedmefallasleep.Istarteddozingoff,dangerouslyleaningtotheleft,whenthetickingstopped.itwasnowreplacedbyabuzz,similartothenoisecomingfromabeehiveinmidsummer,onlylouder.Ishivered.“I’mallergictobees!Evenjustthinkingaboutitorhearingabee-likesoundmakesmeswell.“That’sit!”Ishould,nowwideawake.“Ican’ttakeitanymore!”Imarchedtothenextapartmentandknocked.Myneighborimmediatelyopenedthedoor.Hiscurlybrownhairwasstickingupeverywhichway.Heworebaggystripedpantsandalooseraspberryshirt.“Hi,there,Lucy!What’sup?”heasked.Ipointedatmynoiselesswatch.“Doyouknowhattimeitis?”Hegrabbedmyarmandglancedatmytimepiece.“Oh,my!Ididn’trealizeitwasthatlate.I’mbusyworkingonamachinethatcancureinsomnia(失眠).It’salmostfinished.Youwanttoseeit?”Ishouldhaveknown.Hislastinventionwassupposedtoannihilatebadsmells,butitwaspoweredbyrotteneggs.1、Whatmadetheauthorsleepyagain?A．Hisneighbor’ssilenceB．ThetickingsoundC．ThecomingofthebeesD．Thesmelloftherotteneggs2、WhatwasCharliedoing?A．HewasfixingabrokenclockB．HewasinventingawristwatchC．HewasworkingwiththebeesD．Hewasmakinganewmachine3、HowdidCharliefeelwhenhesawtheauthor?A．DisappointedB．ScaredC．SurprisedD．Annoyed4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“annihilate”inthelastparagraphmean?A．GetridofB．MakeuseofC．GiveoffD．Tellapar23．（8分）Longbeforetheycanactuallyspeak,babiespayspecialattentiontothespeechtheyheararoundthem.Withinthefirstmonthoftheirlives,babies’responsestothesoundofthehumanvoicewillbedifferentfromtheirresponsestoothersortsofhearingstimulation.Theywillstopcryingwhentheyhearapersontalking,butnotiftheyhearabellorthesoundofarattle.Atfirst,thesoundsthatababynoticesmightbeonlythosewordsthatreceivetheheaviestemphasisandthatoftenoccurattheendsofutterances(讲话，说话).Bythetimetheyaresixorsevenweeksold,babiescandetectthedifferencebetweensyllablespronouncedwithrisingandfallingtones.Verysoon,thesedifferencesinadultstressandintonationcaninfluencebabies’emotionalstatesandbehavior.Longbeforetheydevelopactuallanguagecomprehension,babiescansensewhenanadultishappyorangry,attemptingtobeginorendnewbehavior,andsoon,merelyonthebasisofcluessuchastherate,volume,andmelodyofadultspeech.Adultsmakeitaseasyastheycanforbabiestopickupalanguagebyexaggerating(夸张)suchclues.Oneresearcherobservedbabiesandtheirmothersinsixdiverseculturesandfoundthat,inallsixlanguages,themothersusedsimplifiedutterancesandnonsensesounds,andtransformedcertainsoundsintobabytalk.Otherresearchershavenotedthatwhenmotherstalktobabieswhoareonlyafewmonthsold,theyexaggeratethepitch,loudness,andintensityoftheirwords.Theyalsoexaggeratetheirfacialexpressions,holdvowels(元音)longer,andemphasizecertainwords.Moresignificantforlanguagedevelopmentthantheirresponsetogeneralintonationisobservationthattinybabiescanmakerelativelyfinedistinctionsbetweenspeechsounds.Inotherwords,babiesentertheworldwiththeabilitytomakethosepreciselyperceptual（知觉的，感性的）recognitionthatarenecessaryiftheyaretoacquirelisteninglanguage.Babiesobviouslyobtainpleasurefromsoundinput,too:evenasyoungasninemonthstheywilllistentosongsorstories,althoughthewordsthemselvesarebeyondtheirunderstanding.Forbabies,languageisasensory-motordelightratherthantheroutetoboringmeaningthatitoftenisforadults.1、Theauthormentionssyllableswithrisingandfallingtonesto.A．showhowdifficultitisforbabiestointerpretemotionsB．provideanexampleofwaysadultsspeaktobabiesC．giveareasonforbabies’difficultyintellingoneadultfromanotherD．showasix-week-oldbabycanalreadytellsomelanguagedifferences2、WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsdescribedinParagraph2?A．Mothersfromdifferentculturesspeaktotheirbabiesinsimilarways.B．Babiesignorefacialexpressionsinunderstandinglisteninglanguage.C．Themotherswereunconsciouslyteachingtheirbabiestospeak.D．Mothersonlyexaggeratetheirtoneswhentalkingtobabies.3、Whydobabieslistentosongsandstories,eveniftheycan’tunderstand?A．Theyunderstandtherhythm.B．Theyenjoythesound.C．Theycanrememberthemeasily.D．Theyfocusonthemeaning.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Babiescandetectsoundsotherthanthehumanvoice.B．Babies’waystolearnalanguagedifferfromadults’.C．Babiescanrespondtothespeechbeforetheycanspeak.D．Babiescantellthesoundofthehumanvoicefromothersounds.24．（8分）Theorderlycamebackinafewminuteswitharifle（步枪）andsomeBurmans.Hetoldusthattheelephantwasinthericefieldsbelow,onlyafewhundredyardsaway.AsIstartedforwardpracticallythewholepopulationofthequarterflockedoutofthehousesandfollowedme.TheyhadseentherifleandwereallshoutingthatIwasgoingtoshoottheelephant.Itwasfuntothem,asitwouldbetoanEnglishcrowd;besides,theywantedthemeat.Itmademealittleuneasy.Ihadnointentionofshootingtheelephant—Ihadmerelysentfortherifletodefendmyself—anditisalwaysuneasytohaveacrowdfollowingyou.Imarcheddownthehill,lookingandfeelingafool,withtherifleovermyshoulderandanever-growingarmyofpeopleknockingandpushingatmyheels.Beyondthehutstherewasaricefieldathousandyardsacross,muddyfromthefirstrains.Theelephantwasstandingeightyardsfromtheroad.Hetooknottheslightestnoticeofthecrowd.Hewastearingupbunchesofgrass,beatingthemagainsthiskneestocleanthemandfeedingthemintohismouth.AssoonasIsawtheelephantIknewwithperfectcertaintythatIoughtnottoshoothim.Itisaseriousmattertoshootaworkingelephant—itiscomparabletodestroyingahugeandcostlypieceofmachinery.There,peacefullyeating,theelephantlookednomoredangerousthanacow.IthoughtthenandIthinknowthathisattackof“must”wasalreadypassingoff,inwhichcasehewouldmerelywanderharmlesslyabout.Moreover,Ididnotintheleastwanttoshoothim.ButatthatmomentIglancedroundatthecrowdthathadfollowedme.Itwasanimmensecrowd,twothousandattheleastandgrowingeveryminute.Ilookedattheseaofthefacesabovethecolorfulclothes—facesallhappyandexcitedoverthisbitoffun,allcertainthattheelephantwasgoingtobeshot.Theywerewatchingmeastheywouldwatchamagicianabouttoperformatrick.Theydidnotlikeme.ButwiththemagicalrifleinmyhandsIwasmomentarilyworthwatching.AndsuddenlyIrealizedthatIshouldhavetoshoottheelephantafterall.ThepeopleexpecteditofmeandIhadgottodoit;Icouldfeeltheirtwothousandwillspressingmeforward.AnditwasatthismomentthatIfirstfeltthehollowness,theuselessnessofthewhiteman'scontrolintheEast.HerewasI,standinginfrontoftheunarmedcrowd—seeminglytheleadingactor;butinrealityonlyapuppet(傀儡).Iunderstoodinthismomentthatwhenthewhitemanturnsrulerofcompletepoweritishisownfreedomthathedestroys.1、Thepeopleweregladtothinktheelephantwastobeshotmainlybecause______.A．ithaddamagedtheirhomesandcropsB．itwouldprovidethemwithmeatC．itwouldmakethemfeelentertainedD．itwasspoilingtheirricefields2、Whenthewritersawtheelephanthefelt.A．foolish B．afraid C．pitiful D．confident3、Thewriterrealizedthathehadtoshoottheelephantbecause.A．shootingelephantsisaseriousproblemB．everybodyexpecteditofhimC．hedidnotwishtodisappointtherulersD．hehadtoshowhowgunsarefired4、Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellsuswhenhetellsthestory?A．Leadingactorsaresometimesfoolishpuppets.B．Governmentforwhitepeopleareuseless.C．Powercansometimesturnpeopleimprisoned.D．Unarmedcrowdsareincontrolofeverything.25．（10分）Whendidyoulastseeapolarbear?Onatriptoazoo,perhaps?IfyouhadattendedawinteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsago,youwouldhaveseenawholepolarbearclub.These“PolarBears”arepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswiminfreezingcoldwater.Thatday,theairtemperaturewas3℃,andthewatertemperaturewasalittlehigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIsland,NewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.First,theymustgetalongwellwitheveryoneelseinthegroup.Thisisveryimportantbecausetherearesomanydifferentkindsofpeopleintheclub.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswimoutdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.Doctorsdonotagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-winterswimming.Someareworriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody’stemperaturedropssolowthatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctors,however,pointoutthatthereismoredangerofaheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheairtemperatureandwatertemperatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefits(oradvantages)ofcold-waterswimming.Theysaythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem(循环系统)becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmersusuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.Apersonwhoturnsblueprobablyhasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandshouldnottrycold-waterswimming.Themainbenefits(oradvantages)ofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBearslovetoswimallyearround.Theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwomansays.“WhenIgointowater,Ipourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloataway.”1、ThemembersofthePolarBearClubmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsEXCEPTthat.A．theymustreachtheageof60B．theyshouldbeeasytomakefriendswithC．theymustswimoutdoorsatleast8timesinthefourcoldmonthsD．theymustagreetoswimoutdoorsfromNovemberthroughFebruary2、Accordingtothepassage,somedoctorsbelieveitistruethat.A．youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincolorblueB．cold-waterswimmingcausesmoreheartattacksinsummerthaninwinterC．cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhighD．PolarBearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwater3、ThePolarBearsliketoswimalltheyearround,for.A．theycanremainyoungB．itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinterC．theyfinditenjoyableandinterestingD．theymightmeetfewertroublesinlife第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）ThanksgivingDaywasnear.Lucy,thefirstgradeteacher,gaveherclassafun1—todrawapictureofsomebodyorsomethingforwhichtheywere2Whenthestudents3theirassignment,shefoundmostofthemdrewsomepicturesoftheirfamily,teachers,friendsorneighbors.Douglas,however,madeadifferentkindofpicture.Hewasa4boy.Hedidn’tactthesameasothers.Healwaysseemedtobeshyandsad.He5playedwithotherchildrenduringthebreak6theykindlyinvitedhimto.Lucytreatedhimverywell.Shealwayshelpedhimand7himtobeconfident.Yes,hispicturewasdifferent.Hejustdrewa8Nothingelse.Hisabstractimage9theimaginationofhisclassmates.Whosehandcoulditbe?Oneguesseditwasamother’shand,formother’shandgiveschildrenwarmthand10Anotherchildguesseditwasapoliceofficer’shand,becausethepolice11peopleandcareforpeople.Andsothediscussion12Whenthechildrenwerediscussingit,LucypausedatDouglas’desk,13down,andaskedhimwhosehanditwas.Thelittleboymurmured,“It’s14,teacher.”Douglaswasmostthankfulforherhand.Shewas15andfelttearsinhereyes.Shethoughtofthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.She16howoftenshehadsaidtohim,“Takemy17,Douglas.We’llgooutside.”or“Letmeshowyouhowtoholdyourpencil.”Thestoryspeaksof18thankfulness.Italsosayssomethingaboutteachersteachingandparentsparentingandfriendsshowingfriendship.Theymightnotalwayssay“19outtogivethemloveandbegratefultoyoualways.1、..A．assignment B．question C．suggestion D．solution2、.A．sorry B．regretful C．thankful D．responsible3、.A．gavein B．handedin C．putoff D．calledoff4、..A．strong B．kind C．different D．humorous5、..A．often B．usually C．seldom D．ever6、..A．because B．though C．as D．since7、..A．encouraged B．discouraged C．cheered D．praised8、..A．hand B．face C．ear D．leg9、.A．reduced B．ruined C．inspired D．used10、..A．comfort B．praise C．sorrow D．coldness11、..A．search B．question C．meet D．protect12、..A．ended B．succeeded C．continued D．failed13、..A．broke B．pulled C．looked D．bent14、..A．his B．yours C．mymother’s D．myfather’s15、..A．disappointed B．annoyed C．tired D．touched16、..A．forgot B．regretted C．recalled D．understood17、..A．hand B．book C．lesson D．gift18、..A．ratherthan B．morethan C．anythingbut D．nothingbut19、..A．I’msorry B．Takecare C．I’mallright D．Thankyou20、..A．get B．reach C．put D．make第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IcanwellrememberthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeechtitled“ARealTestinMyLife”beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow1．(terrible)shyIwaswithsomanyeyes2．(fix)onme.Ihadno3．(choose)buttoprepareforit,though.Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,whichwasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter.Butthehardestpart4．(lie)inmyoralpresentationfrommymemoryfortoreadfromthepaperwasnotallowed.Therealmomentbegan5．Istoodontheplatformwithmylegstremblingandmymindblank.Butmylistenerswerewaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushingme.GraduallyIfoundmyselfback,6．(deliver)myspeechwithdifficulty.AfterwhatseemedtobeahundredyearsIfoundmyaudienceapplauding---Imade7．!Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforetheaudiencedisappeared.Actuallywithmy8．(confident)builtup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker.Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway9．successisourfear.Overcomeit10．wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Sometimesthere’snosomuchworkforyoutodealwithandyoufeltit’sbeyondyourabilitytofinishthem、Actually,youcantakemeasuretohelpyourselfout、Firstly,listallthetaskswhichmustbedoneanddecidewhichonerequiresimmediatelyattention、Secondly,dividethe