高考英语语一轮复习-虚拟语气

虚拟语气是说话人表达的一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式。虚拟语气的定义

E.g.IfI

wereyou,

Iwouldtakethemaway.一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Ifhecame

here,hewouldhelpyou.Weuseunrealconditionalstostateapresentconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorimaginary.Weformunreal

present

conditionalslikethis:1.假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。IfI

hadmore

time，I

wouldstudy

German.2.如果我年轻的话，我就会参军。

IfI

wereyoung,I

wouldjointhearmy.Practice:一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法If…were/did…,…would/could/might/shoulddo…Wealsouseunrealconditionalstorefertoanimaginarypastaction.E.g.Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago,youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout.一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weformunreal

past

conditionalslikethis:1)如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.2)如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。

Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday,hemighthavemadesomesuggestions.一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法If…hadbeen/done……would/should/could/mighthavedone…IfI___________busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegone一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weuseunreal

future

conditionalstotalkaboutimaginaryfuturesituations.1)IfIhadtimetomorrow,Iwouldcertainly

helpyou.2)IfIweretofailmyMathtest,Iwould

takeitagainattheendoftheterm.3)Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwould

talk

tohimaboutit.E.g.一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Weformunreal

futureconditionalslikethis:If…did/should/wereto…,…would/should/mightdo…Practice:1)假如我要出国，我就会去法国。IfI

wereto

goabroad,I

wouldgo

toFrance.2)万一明天下雨，我们明天就不上学。Ifit

shouldrain

tomorrow,wewouldnot

gotoschool.一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/

should/might+do一、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Makesentences,usingunrealconditionals.1)would,could

and

might

areofteninterchangeable,butwithsomedifferencesinmeaning.would→intention;plan（意图；计划）could→ability;possibility（能力；可能性）might→possibility（可能性）二、使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点：2)InwrittenEnglishorinformalsituation,weusuallyuse

were

inIf-clausesinplaceof

was.However,ineverydayconversation,was

isoftenused.二、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法Ifhewas/werehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.E.g.3）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．如果你以前努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．二、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法4）在条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式．IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.二、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法WereIatschoolagain,

Iwouldstudyharder.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.二、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中用with;butfor(要不是);without等构成的介词短语代替条件状语从句；Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetask.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’tfinishedthetask.

5）含蓄条件句有时也可以通过连词or，orelse，otherwise，but等表达条件从句中的虚拟语气。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhaveattendedyourwedding.(副词)Heinformedmeofyourbirthday.OrIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.

(连词)_______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.IftheywerenotPractice2.Hecamelate,otherwisehe_______thefirstbus.A.caughtB.wouldcatchC.wouldhavecaughtD.hadcaught3.___Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.AmB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you____permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavegotD.mayhavegot5.Withoutelectroniccomputer,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_____.A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachievedC.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/

should/might+doSummary一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

二、在非真实条件句中需要注意的几点3.错综时间条件句1.would；could