12月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案完整

Word第第页12月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案完整2023年12月英语四级考试真题试卷

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonhowtobesthandletherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

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PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Weallknowthereexistsgreatvoid(空白)inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto26toSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringMathematics)courses.OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.ShenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitySTEMeducationatall27ofthepubliceducationalsystem.Shesaid,IstartedEngineeringForKids(EFK)afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto28myownkidsin.

Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren29inSTEM-basedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate30,shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand31it.TheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.

DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto32recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram33over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2023to$10millionin2023,with25newbranchesplannedfor2023.TheEFKwebsitestates,Ournationisnot34enoughengineers.Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat35.

A)attractedB)careerC)championshipsD)degreesE)developingF)enrollG)exposureH)feasibleI)feedingJ)graduatingK)interestL)levelsM)localN)operatesO)participated

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Whyarentyoucuriousaboutwhathappened?

A)YoususpendedRayRiceafterourvideo,areporterfromTMZchallengedNationalFootballLeagueCommissionerRogerGoodelltheotherday.Whydidntyouhavethecuriositytogotothecasino(赌场)yourself?Theimplicationofthequestionisthatamorecuriouscommissionerwouldhavefoundawaytogetthetape.

B)Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereissomethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth.Ihavebeenbotheredforalongtimeaboutthecuriouslackofcuriosity,saidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislaturebackinJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridgetrafficscandal.Isntthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened?wroteconservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansinBenghazi,Libya.

C)Theimplication,ineachcase,isthatcuriosityisagoodthing,andalackofcuriosityisaproblem.Aresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforonesparty?Oristheresomethingofparticularvalueaboutcuriosityinandofitself?

D)ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebookCurious:TheDesiretoKnowandWhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionisYes.Lesliearguesthatcuriosityisamuch-overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess,andthatwearelosingit.

E)Wearesuffering,hewrites,fromaserendipitydeficit.ThewordserendipitywascoinedbyHoraceWalpoleinan1854letter,fromataleofthreeprinceswhowerealwaysmakingdiscoveries,byaccident,ofthingstheywerenotinsearchof.LeslieworriesthattheriseoftheInternet,amongothersocialandtechnologicalchanges,hasreducedourappetiteforaimlessadventures.Nolongerhavewetheinclinationtoletourselveswanderthroughfieldsofknowledge,readytobesurprised.Instead,weseekonlytheinformationwewant.

F)Whyisthisaproblem?Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrousdecisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasaspecies.

G)Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeisgrowinglesscurious.IntheU.SandEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoadecliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereadersborders.Butnoteverythingistobeblamedontechnology.ThedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentifiedbyLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makeusmorecurious.

H)Moreover,inordertobecurious,youhavetobeawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace.AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusareunawareofhowmuchwedontknow,hessurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing:Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers.

I)Indeed,Google,forwhichLeslieexpressesadmiration,isalsohisfrequentwhippingbody(替罪羊).HequotesGoogleco-founderLarryPagetotheeffectthattheperfectsearchenginewillunderstandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant.Elsewhereinthebook,Lesliewrites:Googleaimstosaveyoufromthethirstofcuriosityaltogether.

J)Somewhatnostalgically(怀旧地),hequotesJohnMaynardKeynessjustlyfamouswordsofpraisetothebookstore:Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatistherefreelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriositydictates,shouldbeanafternoonsentertainment.Ifonly!

K)Citingtheworkofpsychologistsandcognitive(认知的)scientists,Lesliecriticizesthereceivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationofintellectualtalentandhardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor—andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnotcultivated,itwillnotsurvive:Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone.

L)Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearlyages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesarelativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensateforlateron

M)AlthoughLesliesbookisntaboutpolitics,hedoesntentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestionsatcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequence,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.

N)HepresentsasanexamplethefailureoftheGeorgeW.Bushadministrationtoprepareproperlyfortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculedformerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2023remarkthatwehavetobewaryoftheunknownunknownsweremistaken.Rumsfeldsidea,Lesliewrites,wasntabsurd—itwassmart.Headds,Thetragedyisthathedidntfollowhisownadvice.

O)AllofwhichbringsusbacktoGoodellandtheChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthoseexamplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthorityisintentionallybeingcurious.Ileaveittothereaderspoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich,ifany,chargesshouldstick.Butletsbecarefulaboutdemandingcuriosityabouttheothersidesweaknessesandremandingdeterminedlyincuriousaboutourown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsownsake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutissomethingwedidntparticularlywanttoknow.

36.Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedontknow.

37.AccordingtoLeslie,curiosityisessentialtoonessuccess.

38.Weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledgessake.

39.Politicalleaderslackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.

40.Thereareoftenaccusationsaboutpoliticiansandthemediaslackofcuriositytofindoutthetruth

41.Thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.

42.Itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.

43.Visitingabookshopascuriosityleadsuscanbeagoodwaytoentertainourselves.

44.BoththeriseoftheInternetandreducedappetiteforliteraryfictioncontributetopeoplesdecliningcuriosity.

45.Mankindwouldntbesoinnovativewithoutcuriosity.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Aginghappenstoallofus,andisgenerallythoughtofasanaturalpartoflife.Itwouldseemsillytocallsuchathingadisease.

Ontheotherhand,scientistsareincreasinglylearningthatagingandbiologicalagearetwodifferentthings,andthattheformerisakeyriskfactorforconditionssuchasheartdisease,cancerandmanymore.Inthatlight,agingitselfmightbeseenassomethingtreatable,thewayyouwouldtreathighbloodpressureoravitamindeficiency.

BiophysicistAlexZhavoronkovbelievesthatagingshouldbeconsideredadisease.Hesaidthatdescribingagingasadiseasecreatesincentivestodeveloptreatments.

Ituntiesthehandsofthepharmaceutical(制药的)industrysothattheycanbegintreatingthediseaseandnotjustthesideeffects,hesaid.

Rightnow,peoplethinkofagingasnaturalandsomethingyoucantcontrol,hesaid.Inacademiccircles,peopletakeagingresearchasjustaninterestareawheretheycantrytodevelopinterventions.Themedicalcommunityalsotakesagingforgranted,andcandonothingaboutitexceptkeeppeoplewithinacertainhealthrange.

Butifagingwererecognizedasadisease,hesaid,Itwouldattractfundingandchangethewaywedohealthcare.Whatmattersisunderstandingthatagingiscurable.

Itwasalwaysknownthatthebodyaccumulatesdamage,headded.Theonlywaytocureagingistofindwaystorepairthatdamage.Ithinkofitaspreventivemedicineforage-relatedconditions.

LeonardHayflick,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,saidtheideathatagingcanbecuredimpliesthehumanlifespancanbeincreased,whichsomeresearcherssuggestispossible.Hayflickisnotamongthem.

Thereremanypeoplewhorecoverfromcancer,stroke,orheartdisease.Buttheycontinuetoage,becauseagingisseparatefromtheirdisease,Hayflicksaid.Evenifthosecausesofdeathwereeliminated,lifeexpectancywouldstillnotgomuchbeyond92years.

46.Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutaging?

A)Itshouldcausenoalarmwhatsoever.

B)Theyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.

C)Itshouldberegardedasakindofdisease.

D)Theycandelayitwithadvancesinscience.

47.Howdomanyscientistsviewagingnow?

A)Itmightbepreventedandtreated.

B)Itcanbeasriskyasheartdisease.

C)Itresultsfromavitamindeficiency.

D)Itisanirreversiblebiologicalprocess.

48.WhatdoesAlexZhavoronkovthinkofdescribingagingasadisease?

A)Itwillpromptpeopletotakeagingmoreseriously.

B)Itwillgreatlyhelpreducethesideeffectsofaging.

C)Itwillfreepharmacistsfromtheconventionalbeliefsaboutaging.

D)Itwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.

49.Whatdowelearnaboutthemedicalcommunity?

A)Theynowhaveastronginterestinresearchonaging.

B)Theydifferfromtheacademiccirclesintheirviewonaging.

C)Theycancontributetopeopleshealthonlytoalimitedextent.

D)Theyhavewaystointerveneinpeoplesagingprocess.

50.WhatdoesprofessorLeonardHayflickbelieve?

A)Thehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.

B)Agingishardlyseparablefromdisease.

C)Fewpeopleliveuptotheageof92.

D)Heartdiseaseisthemajorcauseofaging.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Femaleapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeoscienceswerenearlyhalfaslikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofrecommendation,comparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.ChristopherIntagliatareports.

Asinmanyotherfields,genderbiasiswidespreadinthesciences.Menscorehigherstartingsalaries,havemorementoring(指导),andhavebetteroddsofbeinghired.StudiesshowtheyrealsoperceivedasmorecompetentthanwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)fields.Andnewresearchrevealsthatmenaremorelikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofrecommendation,too.

Say,youknow,thisisthebeststudentIveeverhad,saysKuheliDutt,asocialscientistanddiversityofficeratColumbiaUniversitysLamontcampus.Comparethoseexcellentletterswithamerelygoodletter:Thecandidatewasproductive,orintelligent,orasolidscientistorsomethingthatsclearlysolidpraise,butnothingthatsinglesoutthecandidateasexceptionaloroneofakind.

Duttandhercolleaguesstudiedmorethan1,200lettersofrecommendationforpostdoctoralpositionsingeoscience.Theywerealleditedforgenderandotheridentifyinginformation,soDuttandherteamcouldassignthemascorewithoutknowingthegenderofthestudent.Theyfoundthatfemaleapplicantswereonlyhalfaslikelytogetoutstandingletters,comparedwiththeirmalecounterparts.Thatincludeslettersofrecommendationfromallovertheworld,andwrittenby,yes,menandwomen.ThefindingsareinthejournalNatureGeoscience.

Duttsaystheywerenotabletoevaluatetheactualscientificqualificationsoftheapplicantsusingthedatainthefiles.Butshesaystheresultsstillsuggestwomeningeoscienceareatapotentialdisadvantagefromtheverybeginningoftheircareersstartingwiththoselessthanoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.

Werenottryingtoassignblameorcriticizeanyoneorcallanyoneconscioussexist.Rather,thepointistousetheresultsofthisstudytoopenupmeaningfuldialoguesonimplicitgenderbias,beitatadepartmentalleveloraninstitutionallevelorevenadisciplinelevel.Whichmayleadtosomerecommendationsfortheletterwritersthemselves.

51.Whatdowelearnaboutapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeosciences?

A)Therearemanymoremenapplyingthanwomen.

B)Chancesforwomentogetthepositionsarescare.

C)Moremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.

D)Maleapplicantshavemoreinterestinthesepositionsthantheirfemalecounterparts.

52.Whatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearchshow?

A)Womenengagedinpostdoctoralworkarequicklycatchingup.

B)Fewerwomenareapplyingforpostdoctoralpositionsduetogenderbias.

C)MenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.

D)WomenwhoarekeenlyinterestedinSTEMfieldsareoftenexceptional.

53.Whatdothestudiesfindabouttherecommendationlettersforwomenapplicants?

A)Theyarehardlyeversupportedbyconcreteexamples.

B)Theycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.

C)Theyprovideobjectiveinformationwithoutexaggeration.

D)Theyareoftenfilledwithpraiseforexceptionalapplicants.

54.WhatdidDuttandhercolleaguesdowiththemorethan1,200lettersofrecommendation?

A)Theyaskedunbiasedscholarstoevaluatethem.

B)Theyinvitedwomenprofessionalstoeditthem.

C)Theyassignedthemrandomlytoreviewers.

D)Theydeletedallinformationaboutgender.

55.WhatdoesDuttaimtodowithherstudy?

A)Raiserecommendationwritersawarenessofgenderbiasintheirletters.

B)Openupfreshavenuesforwomenpost-doctorstojoininresearchwork.

C)AlertwomenresearcherstoalltypesofgenderbiasintheSTEMdisciplines.

D)Startapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomensstatusinacademiccircles.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要观赏大山的雄伟壮美，通常得向上看。但要观赏黄山美景，得向下看。黄山的潮湿气候有利于茶树生成，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有很多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统〔国画〕最受欢迎的主题。

2023年12月四级部分真题参考答案(完好版)

PartⅠWriting

MutualUnderstandingIsMostImportant

Whenwetalkabouttherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients,whatcomesintomymindisgenerallynegativenews.However,Ibelievethereisawayfordoctorsandpatientstogetalongharmoniously—thatismutualunderstanding.

Ontheonehand,patientsarehelplessandworriedwhentheygotohospital.Sodoctorsattitudeorresponseiscriticallyimportantforthemandtheirfamily.Ontheotherhand,doctorshavetofacesomanypatientseverydaythattheyevenhavenotimetotakearest.Suchahighintensityofworkcoulddriveamancrazy.Thus,iftheycanstandineachothersshoes,mostproblemscouldbesolved.Otherwise,adoctorsbriefconclusionabouttheconditionofpatientsmightberegardedascoldbloodandresultinconflicts.

Nowadays,muchefforthasbeenmadetocasethetensionofdoctor-patientrelationship.ButIthinkthemosteffectiveoneismutualunderstandingandtrust.

PartIIListeningComprehension

说明：由于2023年12月四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项挨次不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复消失。

PartIIIReadingComprehension

26-35：GLFOCEMNJB

36-45：HDOMBLKJGF

46-55：BADCACCBDA

PartIVTranslation

LocatedinsouthernAnhuipr