(2.7.1)-经络腧穴七八节PPT

奇经八脉EightExtraMeridians（一）奇经八脉的命名

NameoftheEightExtraMeridians

(二)奇经八脉的分布概况

DistributionoftheEightExtraMeridians（三）奇经八脉的特点CharacteristicsoftheEightExtraMeridians（四）奇经八脉的作用及临床意义ClinicalsignificanceoftheEightExtraMeridians（一）奇经八脉的命名奇经八脉指别道奇行的经脉，有督脉、任脉、冲脉、带脉、阴维脉、阳维脉、阴跷脉、阳跷脉共8条，故合称奇经八脉。TheEightExtraMeridiansincludestheGovernorVessel,theConceptionVessel,thePenetratingVessel,theBeltVessel,theYinandYangHeelVessels,aswellastheYinandYangLinkVessels.ThereareeightmeridiansoftheEightExtraMeridians.奇（qi）：奇怪、奇特，不同于十二正经“Qi”ispronouncedas“Qi”,whichmeansstrange.ItisdifferentfromtheTwelveRegularMeridians.奇（ji）：单、单数，无表里属络关系"Qi"isreadas"Ji",whichmeanssingularnumber.Thereisnorelationshipbetweenexteriorandinterior奇:与奇恒之腑有一定联系Another"Qi"showsthatithasacertainconnectionwithExtraordinaryOrgans.督脉：督，总督，统帅之意。能总督诸阳。TheGovernorVessel：“governor"hasthemeaningofgovernorandcommander-in-chief.SotheGovernorVesselcangovernor“YangQi”任脉：任，总任，妊养之意。能总任诸阴。TheConceptionVessel："conception"isthemeaningofemploymentandpregnancy.BecausetheConceptionVesselisinchargeofallyin.冲脉：冲，冲要，要道之意。为气血运行的通路。thePenetratingVessel:"penetrating"isthemeaningofthemainpoint.SoitisthemainpointofthemovementofQiandblood.带脉：带，束带，腰带之意。循行腰部一周，状如束带。TheBeltVessel:"belt"meansrestraintandbelt.TheBeltVessellikeagirdleandabelt.维脉：维，维系，能维系、联络诸经。TheLinkVessels:"link"meansmaintenance.Itcanmaintainandcontactallthemeridians.蹻脉：蹻，足跟，有轻捷、矫健之意。能够令人步行矫健。TheHeelVessels:“heel”hasthemeaningoflightnessandagility.Itcankeepthehumanbodywalkingasfastasflying.(二)奇经八脉的分布概况ThedistributionoftheEightExtraMeridians督脉：腰、背、头面正中（后正中线）GovernorVessel:alongthemidlineofbackandhead(posteriormedian).任脉：腹、胸、颏下正中（前正中线）ConceptionVessel:alongthemidlineofabdomen,chestandchin(anteriormidline).冲脉：与足少阴经相并上行，环绕口唇，且与任、督、足阳明等有联系PenetratingVessel：combinedwiththekidneyMeridianofFoot-Shaoyin,andtheyfinallysurroundthelipofthemouth.TherearesomerelationsbetweenthePenetratingVesselandGovernorVessel,theConceptionVesselandFoot-YangmingChannel.带脉：起于胁下，环腰一周，状如束带BeltVessel:risesintheribsandsurroundsthewaistandabdomen.It'sshapedlikeastrap,abelt.阴维脉：小腿内侧，并足太阴、厥阴上行至咽喉合于任脉YinLinkVessel:runsalongtheinnersideoftheleg,upwiththechannelsofFoot-TaiyinandFoot-Jueyin,allthewaytothethroat,andconvergestotheConceptionVessel.阳维脉：足跗外侧，并足少阳经上行，至颈后会合于督脉。YangLinkVessel:originatedfromtheoutsideofthetarsal,paralleltotheascendingoftheFoot-ShaoyangandFoot-Jueyin,andthentothebackoftheneck,andthentotheGovernorVessel.阴跷脉：足跟内侧，伴足少阴等经上行，至目内眦与阳跷脉会合YinHeelVessel:originatesfromtheinsideoftheheel,paralleltotheascendingofFoot-Shaoyinandothermeridians,totheinnercanthusoftheeyes,andconvergedwithYangHeelVessel.阳跷脉：足跟外侧，伴足太阳等经上行，至目内眦与阴跷脉会合YangHeelVessel:originatedfromtheoutersideofthelowerlimbs,accompaniedbyascendingalongtheFoot-Taiyangchannel,totheinnercanthusoftheeyes,andconvergedwithYinHeelVessel.【十四经】

TheFourteenthMeridians.任、督2脉各有其所属腧穴不同，后者与十二经相提并论，合称为“十四经”。TheConceptionandGovernorhavetheirownacupoints.Therefore,weoftenaddConceptionVesselandGovernorVesseltotheTwelveRegularMeridians,whichtogetherarecalledtheFourteenthMeridians.【一源三歧】“Onesource,threebranches"八脉中的督脉、任脉、冲脉皆起于胞中，同出于会阴，称为“一源三歧”TheGovernorVessel,theConceptionVesselandthePenetratingVesseloriginatefromtheperineum,sowecallthem"onesource,threebranches".

三、奇经八脉的特点

ThecharacteristicsoftheEightExtraMeridians不直属五脏六腑,多联属奇恒之腑TheEightExtraMeridiansdonotdirectlyconnecttheFive-zangandSix-fu,butconnecttheExtraordinaryOrgans.虽别道奇行，但它有一定的循行路线theEightExtraMeridiansaredifferentfromthatoftheotherthemeridians.buttheyalsohaveacertainroute.无表里配合关系theEightExtraMeridianshavenoexteriorinteriorcoordination.无逐经相接的规律theEightExtraMeridiansdonothavetherulesofintersectionandflow除任、督2脉外，无自己的专穴apartfromtheGovernorVesselandtheConceptionVessel,therearenospecialacupointsfortheothersixextrameridians.（四）奇经八脉作用及临床意义

TheclinicalsignificanceoftheEightExtraMeridians沟通联络作用：沟通了十二经脉之间的联系。Theroleofcommunication.

Itcommunicatestheconnectionbetweenthetwelvemeridians蓄积渗灌作用：对十二经脉气血有着蓄积和渗灌的调节作用。TheeffectofaccumulativeinfiltrationirrigationItcanregulatetheaccumulationandinfiltrationofQiandbloodintwelvemeridians.

统率、主导作用：将作用和性质相近的经脉联系在一起。Commandandleadingrole:Connectthemeridianswithsimilarfunctions.主持生殖、影响衰老。Inchargeofreproductionandaging.督脉：总督诸阳，调节全身阳经经气，为“阳脉之海”TheGovernorVesselcangovernyang,regulatethewholebodyyangmeridiansandQi,andbecome“theseaofyangmeridians”.任脉：总任阴经，调节全身阴经经气，为“阴脉之海”；任主胞胎，与生殖功能密切相关；TheConceptionVesseliscloselyconnectedwitheachYangmeridians,called“theseaofYinmeridians”.冲脉：涵蓄十二经气血，故称“血海”、“十二经之海”ThePenetratingVesselwascalled“theseaoftheTwelveRegularMeridians”and“theseaofBlood”.ItcancontainQiandbloodoftwelvechannels.带脉：约束纵行躯干的诸条经脉TheBeltVessel:restrainlongitudinalmeridians.维脉：调节阴、阳经经气，维持阴阳经之间的协调平衡。LinkVessels:regulateYinandyangmeridiansandmaintainaharmoniousbalancebetweenthem.跷脉：调节肢体运动，司眼睑开合HeelVessels:regulatethemovementoflimbs,anditisalsorelatedtotheopeningandclosingofeyelids.三、经络学说的临床应用

Clinicalapplicationofmeridiantheory

（一）诊断上Diagnosis《灵枢·卫气》篇”能别阴阳十二经者，知病之所生，候虚实之所在，能得病之高下也”Itissaidinthechapterof"LingShu·WeiQi"that“ThosewhocandistinguishthetwelvemeridiansofyinandYang,wouldknowthecauseofthedisease.Thosewhocanmasterthedeficiencyandtherealityofthediseaseandthepeopleintheplace,wouldknowtheseverityofthedisease.”1、经络辩证：辨证归经，辨位归经

Differentiationofmeridiansandpositionofmeridians2、经络望诊望鱼际2.ObservationofmeridiansThenar“鱼上白肉有青血脉者,胃中有寒”——《灵枢·论疾诊尺》“YuShangBaiRouYouQingXueMaiZhe,WeiZhongYouHan.”"——"LingShu·LunJiZhenChi"Iftherearebluebloodvesselsinthethenar,itmeansthatthepatientmayhavecoldinthestomach.“胃中寒，手鱼之络多青；胃中有热，鱼际络赤；其鱼黑者，留久痹也；其有赤有黑有青者，寒热气也”——《灵枢·经脉》"Thereiscoldinthestomach,blueintheMajor-thenar;hotinthestomach,redintheMajor-thenar.IfMajor-thenar'sblack,itmeansit'sbeencoldandwetforalongtime."——"LingShu·LunJiZhenChi"3、经络腧穴按诊3.Pressdiagnosisofmeridiansandacupoints经络反应：循经疼痛(酸痛、抽痛、压痛)、敏感、麻木、寒凉、灼热或肿块、结节、条索状反应物等；Meridiansreaction:painalongmeridians(soreness,soreness,tenderness),sensitivity,numbness,coldness,scorchingormass,nodule,cordlikereactant,etc;腧穴反应：压痛、敏感、麻木、舒适或结节、松软、凹陷等Acupointresponse:tenderness,sensitivity,numbness,comfortornodule,softness,depression,etc4、经络腧穴电测定4.Electricalmeasurementofmeridiansandacupoints原理：人体在健康状态下体表的电阻是平衡的，尤其在同一水平的对应点上存在着高度的平衡性，当