人教版高中英语课堂必修1学案Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero

三言两语1.IwritethislettertoapplyforthepositionthatyouhaveadvertisedinChinaDailyofApril2nd.2．Asformypersonality，IthinkI'mveryhonestandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.3．Notonlyhashedisplayedcourage,butalsohehasprovedhimselftobeareliableperson.1.亚伯拉罕·林肯，一位穷人家的孩子，出生在肯塔基。AbrahamLincoln,thesonofapoorfamily,wasborninKentucky.2．正是他们的鼓励使我的学习稳步前进。Itwastheirencouragementthatresultedinmyslowbutsteadyprogress.[单词拼写应用]核心单词1.qualityn．质量；品质；性质2．begvi.请求；乞求3．stagen．舞台；阶段；时期4．opinionn．意见；看法；主张5．rewardn．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏6．foundvt.建立；建设7．attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击8．escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开9．votevt.&vi.投票；选举n．投票；选票；表决10．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(found)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Theymanagedto_escape(escape)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingopenthedoor.3．Thegovernmentrewarded(reward)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewelllastweek.4．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(opinion)inorganizingclassactivities.5．Itshockedhertohearthathergoodfriendwas_attacked(attack)withcancer.拓展单词1.activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地；活跃地→activityn．活动2．devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3．peacen．和平；平静；和睦→peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefullyadv.和平地4．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的→illegaladj.(反义词)非法的；违法的5．hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopefullyadv.有希望地→hopelessadj.没有希望的6．violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violencen．暴力；暴行→_violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地7．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同样地；相等地；公平地8．fairadj.公正的；公平的→unfairadj.不公正的；不公平的9．educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家10．crueladj.残忍的→crueltyn．残忍；残酷11．willingadj.乐意的；自愿的→unwillingadj.(反义词)不情愿的；不乐意的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．Theoldteacherdevotedallhislifetoeducatinghisdevotedstudentsandhewasadmiredforhisdevotiontotheeducationcause.(devote)2．Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisabasicdemand.(equal)3．Onthewhole,peoplewhoarewelleducatedcanfindjobseasierthanthosewithoutagoodeducation．(educate)4．AsfarasI'mconcerned,toomuchviolenceontelevisiondoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacter.What'sworse，violenceonTVmakespeoplebehaveviolently．(violent)5．Iwasoncehopelessaboutmylessons，butIhopedforprogress，soIhopefullyaskedmyteacherforhelp.ItwashisencouragementandinstructionthatmademeimprovegreatlyandnowI'mhopefulaboutmyfuture.(hope)6．Pleaseactivelytakepartinafter-classactivities，whichwillnotonlymakeyourschoollifecolorful，butalsoimproveyourlearning.(active)阅读单词1.meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2．principlen．法则；原则；原理3．leaguen．同盟；联盟；联合会4．relativen．亲戚；亲属5．terrorn．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动6.releasevt.释放；发行7．sentencevt.判决；宣判8．easy-goingadj.随和的；温和宽容的9．mankindn．人类10．feen．费(会费、学费等)；酬金11.blanketn．毛毯；毯子12．guidancen．指导；_领导13．invadern．侵略者14．republicn．共和国；共和政体15．quoten．引用语；语录1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.刻薄的；不善良的2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.抨击[短语多维应用]高频短语1.outofwork失业2．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中3．turnto求助于；致力于4．loseheart丧失勇气或信心5．cometopower当权；上台6．asamatteroffact事实上[语境运用](填入一个适当的词)Thesituationhasbecomeworseandworsesincethenewgovernmentcame①topower.Iamout②ofworkandfeelataloss.Iwillturn③tomyfriendMaryforadvicetomorrow，whoalwaysencouragesmenottolose④heart．ShetoldmeIshouldbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenIam⑤introuble.7.blowup使充气；爆炸8．setup设立；建立9．besentencedto被判处……(徒刑)10．bewillingtodo愿意做……11．beinprison坐牢12．inone'sopinion/view在某人看来13．fightfor为……而战[语境运用](填入一个适当的词)NelsonMandeladevotedallhislifetorealizingthedreamthatpeoplewithdifferentcolorsshouldbeequal.Heset⑥upalawofficetoofferguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Oneday，oneofhissupportershelpedhimblow⑦upthegovernmentbuildingstofight⑧fortheirrights.Unfortunately，hewassentenced⑨toprisonforlifeonRobbenIslanduntil1990.[句式结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.抽象名词＋where引导的定语从句Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己我们必须开始采取有效措施来保护环境。Wehavereachedastagewherewemuststarttakingeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentsoastosaveourselves.2.only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。Onlybypractisingpaper-cuttingmorecanyoulearnthefolkart.3.thefirsttime引导时间状语从句IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.(湖南卷)第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。Thefirsttimewelostthematch,weallfeltverydepressed,becauseeachhadbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.1.devotevt.献身；专心于(1)devote...to(doing)sth.把……献给；把……致力于devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于；专心于(2)devotedadj.挚爱的；忠实的bedevotedto(doing)sth.献身于(做)某事；专心致志于(做)某事(3)devotionn．深爱；奉献devotehisenergiestoajobofhelpingthedisabled致力于帮助残疾人的工作devoteallherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业贡献她毕生精力[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2019·浙江卷)Istillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedtoimproving(improve)myoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.②a.(湖南卷)Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.b．Withallhertimedevoted(devote)totheexperiments,shehasnotimeforhousework.③a.(2017·天津卷)Heisadevoted(devote)fatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.b．Ateacher'sdevotion(devote)toeducationdeservesgreatrespectofthewholepublicbecauseitbringsbenefitstothedevelopmentofsociety.[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)Janedevotesherselftoteaching(致力于教)thedeafchildrenandshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(高级表达)Devotingherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,Janehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,Janehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(过去分词短语作状语)[名师点津]表示“专心于；致力于”的其他短语还有：beaddictedto，beabsorbedin，belostin，focuson，concentrateon。2.equalv．等于；与……相等；比得上adj.相等的；胜任的n．同等的人或物(1)equalsb./sth.(in...)(在……方面)比得上；与……匹敌；与……相等beequaltosth./doingsth.(in...)(在……方面)与……相等；能胜任(2)without(an)equal无人可比的(3)equallyadv.同样地；相等地equalityn.相等；平等enjoyequalrights享有平等的权利beequalinheight同等高度beequaltoanything无所不能[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(江西卷满分作文)Bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthisequaltoyourphysicalhealth.②Heisequaltoaccomplishing(accomplish)thetask,fornooneequalshiminthearea.③a.Blackpeoplehadtofightforsocialandeconomicequality(equal)withwhites.b．(福建卷)Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbeequally(equal)respected.[链接写作]——一句多译在勇气方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。①Nooneequalshimincourage，aboutwhicheveryoneknows.(equalv．)②Nooneisequaltohimincourage，aboutwhicheveryoneknows.(equaladj.)3.escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开n．逃脱；逃走；逃避(1)escape(doing)sth.逃脱(做)某事escapefrom/outof...从……逃跑；逃走escapeone'sattention/notice逃过某人的注意；被某人遗忘(2)haveanarrowescape九死一生escapefromtheforest逃出森林escapesb.'sattention/notice逃过某人的注意afireescape安全门[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whoeverbreaksthelawwon'tescapepunishment/beingpunished(punish)．②Heoncehadanarrowescapefromtheadventuroussport，sohedoesn'tdaretotryitagain.[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级那个妇女设法带着孩子逃出火场，既恐惧又疲惫。(普通表达)Thewomanmanagedtoescapefromthefirewithherbaby.Shewasextremelyterrifiedandexhausted．(高级表达)Thewomanmanagedtoescapefromthefirewithherbaby,extremelyterrifiedandexhausted．(形容词作状语)4.rewardn．&v．报答；报酬；奖金；酬劳；奖赏(1)rewardsb.withsth.用……奖赏某人rewardsb.forsth./doingsth.因(做)某事奖励某人(2)asarewardfor...作为对……的报酬inrewardfor为报答；作为……的奖赏(3)rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的arewardforgoodbehaviour优秀行为奖berewardedwithasmile报以微笑[基础练习]——单句语法填空①a.(2018·天津卷)Thegoldmedalwillbeawarded(award)towhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.b．Afterbeingawarded(award)thefirstprize,heexpressedthathewouldcontinuetorewardthepeopleandthesocietywithhishardwork.②(安徽卷)Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding(reward)．[链接写作]——一句多译我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。①IgavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiinrewardforhishelp/asarewardforhishelp．(rewardn．)②IrewardedhimwithabookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardvt.)[名师点津]reward表示“奖赏；酬谢”，指对有功绩的事的报答或酬谢；award作名词时，指正式或官方“颁发或授予的奖章、奖金等”；作动词时指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予，常用搭配：awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.5．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中(1)getintotrouble陷入困境；惹麻烦askfortrouble自找麻烦；自讨苦吃(2)takethetroubletodosth.不怕费事或困难尽力做某事havetroubleindoingsth./withsth.做某事有困难[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(湖南卷)ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.②a.(上海卷)WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastroublethinking(think)oftherightthingstosay.b．(福建卷)Myparentshavegivenmelifeandtakeallthetroubletobring(bring)meup.[链接写作]——完成句子①让我十分担心的是，我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。WhatworriesmealotisthatIamreallyhavingtroubleincollectinginformationandusinglanguage．②不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。Pleasedon'thesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhavetroublewithyourstudies.6.turnto求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；开始从事turndown关小；拒绝turnaway拒绝……入内；把……打发走turnup出现；露面；调大turnout证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turnover打翻；翻身；移交o.把……变成[基础练习]——写出下列句子中turnto的含义①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.开始从事③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查阅④Followthemainroaduntilitbranchesandthenturntotheleft.转向[链接写作]——完成句子①(天津卷)上个周末，汤姆不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.②结果她因有急事要处理拒绝了邀请。Itturnedoutthatshedeclinedtheinvitationbecauseshehadsomethingurgenttoattendto.7.[教材佳句...only...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。[句法句式]此句为倒装句。“only＋状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句等)”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。[金句推送](2018·浙江6月卷)OnlywhenIwonthefirstprizeinthespokenEnglishcontestdidIrealizeitwasimportanttohaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时，我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。[基础练习]——单句语法填空Onlybyturningtoherfatherforhelpdidthegirlsettletheproblematlast.[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Youcandothejobwellonlywithallyourtimeandenergy.(高级表达)Onlywithallyourtimeandenergycanyoudothejobwell.(倒装句)(高级表达)Itisonlywithallyourtimeandenergythatyoucandothejobwell.(强调句)8.[教材佳句]IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。[句法句式]句中的thefirsttime用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。引导时间状语从句的还有：(1)each/everytime每次……的时候anytime任何时候lasttime上次……时nexttime下次……时bythetime到……为止(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly/as,soonas))一……就……[金句推送]Thefirsttimehemetthegirlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithherdeeply.他第一次遇到这个女孩就被她的睿智所打动，并深深地爱上了她。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossip.②(湖北卷)Becareful！Themachinestartsthemomentyoupressthebutton.[链接写作]——一句多译第一次上这位年轻老师的课，他就感兴趣。①Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthefirsttimeheattendedhisclass．②Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonwhenheattendedhisclassforthefirsttime．[名师点津]thefirsttime用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。forthefirsttime是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardattheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewarded(reward)withsuccessintheend.2．Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.3．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeingfired(fire)byhisboss.4．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.5．Devoting(devote)allhistimetohisbusiness,hehadlittletimetakingcareofhisfamily.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词6．Everythingishardinthebeginning.Don'thesitatetoturntomeifyouareindifficulty.7．Parentsshouldpayattentiontothecaseswheretheirchildrenhavedifficultyadaptingtonewsurroundings.8．MarygotanewmobilephonefromherparentsasarewardforherbeingadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversity.9．OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seekingdidIrealizeknowledgeisvaluable.10．ThefirsttimeImethim,hewasworkingasasecretaryinabigcompany.维度3——查缺补漏11．Onlyeducated(educate)peoplecanhaveagoodunderstandingofthelecturegivenbythescientist.12．Founded(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren'sloveofart.13．(2019·青岛适应性测试)Maggiethoughtitwasunfair(fair)thatwomenwerenotallowedtoreceiveeducation.14．Althoughthejobwasextremely(extreme)difficultanddangerous，hedecidedtotakeit.15．Sofar,acommitteehasbeensetuptoorganizesocialeventsinthecollege.语篇练习——提升能力提能一单元话题语篇练根据P34教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式WhenElias,apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica,first1.met(meet)NelsonMandela,hewasinaverydifficultperiodofhislife.Hehadtoleaveschoolbecausehisfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Whenhegotajob,hewasworriedabout2.being(be)outofworkbecausehedidn'thaveapassbook.ThenMandela,3.whoofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems,toldhimwhattodoandhelpedhim.WhenManized(organize)theANCYouthLeague,Eliasjoineditassoonashecould.Atthattime,blackpeoplecouldn'tvote5.tochoose(choose)theirleaders.Theycouldn'tgetthejobstheywantedandthepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.6.WiththehelpofMandelatheychose7.toattack(attack)thelaws,andfoughtagainstthe