新课堂英语选修七人教版讲义Unit4-2

PeriodTwoLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.单词检测1．toast__vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒；n.烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯2．comb__n．梳子；vi.梳(发)3．astronaut__n．宇航员；太空人4．anglen．角；角度trianglen．三角5．donate__vt.捐赠donation__n．捐赠6．voluntary__adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的volunteer__n．志愿者7．purchasevt.&n．买；购买8．seedn．种子；萌芽seedling__n．秧苗；树苗9．ox__n．公牛(pl.oxen)cow__n．奶牛cattle__n．牛(总称)10．clickvi.&vt.(使)发出咔嗒声；n.咔嗒声11．politicaladj.政治的；政党的politicsn．政治12．distributevt.分配；分发distributionn．分配；分发；分布状态13．securityn．安全；保护；保障securevt.使安全；保卫；adj.安全的insecureadj.不安全的14．operatevi.工作；运转；vt.操作operationn．运转；手术Ⅱ.短语检测1．smooth__down把……弄平；消除；变得平静2．fall__in__love__with爱上；喜欢上3．come__to__an__end结束4．take__turns轮流；依次5．in__need在困难中；在危急中6．operate__on__给……做手术Ⅰ.课文阅读理解1．ThepurposeoftheInternetPageisto________．A．letpeoplegiveanunusualgifttothepoorB．letpeoplegetanunusualcardC．letpeoplelearnsomethingusefulD．letpeoplemakemoney答案A2．Thegiftsyougiveare________．A．somethingyourlovedonekeepsB．somebeautifulcardsC．somethingreallyneededbythepoorpeopleD．somelovelytoysandfashionableclothes答案C3．Theseedsandagriculturalequipmentgiftwilltrainawholevillageofabout40familiesin______countries.A．AmericanB．AfricanC．AsianandAfricanD．Asian答案C4．Thelistofgiftsincludesgardening，farming，supplyforfamilyliving，health-careservicesand________．A．educationB．travellingC．sun-energyD．oil-searching答案AⅡ.课文阅读填空Theuseofthegift?Forsomeoftheworld’1.poorest.1.?2.need.nghopeforabetterfuturetoacommunityin2.need.WhatwillyougetifyoupurchaseagiftAnattractive3.cardforyoutosendtoyourspecial4.person，whichcanbeusedforanyspecial5.occasion.1．honour[语境感悟](1)(教材P32)anhonour一种荣誉(2)Wouldyouhonormebydiningwithmetonight？今晚你能赏光与我共进晚餐吗？(3)Hehasbeenhonouredwithaknighthoodforhisscientificwork.他因科研工作而被授予爵士头衔。(4)MayIhavethehonourofthenextdance?能赏光和我跳下一个舞吗？[归纳拓展]honourn．荣誉；尊敬；勋章；光荣的人(或事物)；vt.尊敬；给予(奖励、头衔等)feel/behonouredby因……而感到极大荣幸behonouredas被尊为behonouredfor因……而受到尊敬honoursb.withsth.forsth.因为某事授予某人某物inhonourof(＝insb.’shonour)为纪念；为庆祝havethehonourtodo/ofdoingsth.有幸/荣幸做某事[即时跟踪](1)用适当的介词填空①Ifeelhighlyhonouredbythekindthingsyousayaboutme.②Theemployeeshouldbehonouredforhisgreathelptothemanager.③InmyofficeonlyIwashonoredwithaninvitation.(2)同义句转换④Thedinnerwasgiveninhonourofthenewpresident.→Thedinnerwasgiveninthenewpresident’shonour．(3)完成句子⑤我认为能被邀请参加晚宴是很大的荣幸。Iconsiderita__great__honortobeinvitedtodinner.⑥得到您的信任使我感到莫大荣幸。Ifeel/am__highly__honouredbyyourtrust.2．sigh[语境感悟](1)(教材P32)Sharonlookedatherselfinthemirrorandsighed.莎伦看着镜子中的自己叹了口气。(2)Shelookedoutofthewindow，sighingforherlostyouth.她看着窗外，为她失去的青春而惋惜。(3)Shesighedoverherunhappyfate.她为自己的不幸命运而叹息。(4)It'snogoodsighingaboutyourfailure，it'sbettertostartagain.为失败叹息毫无益处，最好是从头做起。(5)Weallbreathedasighofreliefwhenitwasover.事情过去后，我们大家都松了一口气。[归纳拓展]sighvi.叹息，叹气；n.叹息，叹气sighfor渴望；为……感叹sighwith因……叹气sighat/over/about对于……叹气，悲叹give/letout/breatheasigh发出叹息[即时跟踪]完成句子①他叹息道：“我等着。”“I’llwait，”hesaidwith__a__sigh．②听到这个消息时，她宽慰地舒了一口气。Shesighed__with__reliefwhensheheardthegoodnews.3．donate[语境感悟](1)(教材P34)Wouldyouliketodonateanunusualgift?你愿意捐赠一件不寻常的礼物吗？(2)Shedonatedalargesumofmoneytothecharity.她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。(3)Thevanwasdonatedtousbyalocalfirm.这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。(4)Wouldyouliketomakeadonationtoourcharityappeal?你愿意为我们慈善募捐呼吁捐赠吗？[归纳拓展](1)donatevt.捐赠；赠送donatesth.tosb.向某人捐赠某物(2)donationn．捐赠；捐赠物；捐款make/give/presentadonationtosb.捐赠……给某人sendadonationto把捐款寄至……(3)donorn．捐赠者[即时跟踪](1)用donate的正确形式填空①Thegovernmentcallsontheyouthto__donatetheirbloodvoluntarily.②Therehavebeengenerous__donationsfromEUfunds.③Thedonatorrefusedtotellhisnameafterdonatingalargesumofmoney.(2)一句多译这位老人给当地学校捐了很多钱。④Theoldmandonated__a__lot__of__money__tothelocalschool.⑤Theoldmanmade/gave/presented__a__donation__ofalotofmoneytothelocalschool.4．purchase[语境感悟](1)(教材P34)Whenyoupurchaseanitem，wewillsendyouanattractivecardforyoutosendtoyourspecialperson.当你选购一份礼物时，我们会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。(2)Theypurchasedthehousefor$30，000.他们以3万美元买了这座房子。(3)Theequipmentcanbepurchasedfromyourlocalsupplier.这种设备可向您当地的供应商购买。(4)Nowadayspeopleareusedtomakingpurchasesonline.现如今人们习惯于网上购物。[归纳拓展]purchasevt.&n．买；购买；(以某种代价)换得；(经过努力)取得，赢得purchasesth.forsb.为某人购买某物purchasesth.fromsb.从某人那里购买某物agoodpurchase便宜货makeapurchase购买东西[温馨提示]purchase比buy更正式，侧重指大批或重要事务的交易。[即时跟踪](1)写出下列句中purchase的词性及汉语意思①Oursuccesswasdearlypurchasedatthecostofyearsofhardwork.v.(以……为代价)换得②Thepurchasepriceislessifyoupaybycash.n.购买(价)③ThehouseisthemostexpensivepurchaseIhaveevermade.n.购买(物品)④Toraisewagesmeansincreasingpurchasingpower.n.购买(力)(2)一句多译她在服装店为女儿买了几样东西。⑤Shepurchasedseveralthingsforherdaughterinthedressshop.⑥Shemade__several__purchases__forherdaughterinthedressshop.5．distribution[语境感悟](1)(教材P35)Thisgiftcoversthecostofproductionanddistributionofseedlings，aswellastrainingintreecareforthelocalvillagers...除了对当地村民进行看护树苗的培训费用外，礼物还包括树苗的研发和分配的费用……(2)Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。(3)Theteacherinthekindergartenisdistributingthegiftstothechildren.幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们分发礼物。[归纳拓展](1)distributionn．分配；分发；分布状态(2)distributevt.分配；散布；分发distributesth.to...把某物分配/分发给……distributesth.among...在……中分发某物(3)distributorn．发货者；批发者[即时跟踪](1)用distribute的正确形式填空①Themapshowsthe__distribution__ofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.②Themonitorisdistributing__booksamongthestudents.③Thecompanyisthelargestsoftwaredistributorinthecountry.(2)这个机场向地震灾民分发了食品和毛毯。④Theorganizationdistributed__food__and__blankets__totheearthquakevictims.6．operate[语境感悟](1)(教材P35)Thisgiftcoversthecostofexercisebooksandtextbooksforcommunityprimaryschoolsthatoperateinpoororremotevillages.这个礼物包含给在贫穷或偏远的乡村社区小学练习本和教科书的费用。(2)Thesurgeonwasperformingadangerousoperation.这位外科医生正在做一个危险的手术。(3)Whenthewarended，theplantsremainedinoperation.战争结束后，工厂继续运作。[归纳拓展](1)operatevt.&vi.操作，运作，运转；经营，管理；动手术operateon为……做手术(2)operationn．手术；运转，运作performanoperation做手术come/gointooperation开始运转；实施起来inoperation在经营中；在运转中(3)operatorn．操作者[即时跟踪](1)写出下列句中operate的汉语意思①Themachineoperatesautomatically.运转②Thedoctorsdecidedtooperateonthepatientatonce.动手术③Youngasheis，heoperatesthecompanyverywell.经营(2)用operate的正确形式填空④Thedoctorsareoperatingonanoperatorofafactorywhogotinjuredwhenoperatingamachine，andtheoperationissaidtolastovertenhours.(3)完成句子新的日程表是从6月1日开始实行的。⑤Thenewschedulecame/went__into__operation__onJune1st.1．smoothdown[语境感悟](1)(教材P32)Shesmoothedherhairdownwithawetcomb，...她用湿梳子梳平她的头发……(2)Affairshavesmootheddownsincethecauseoftroublewasremoved.自从纠纷的起因消除后，事态就缓和下来了。(3)Hertenderlooksseemedtosmoothawayhisworry.她温柔的神情似乎消除了他的忧虑。(4)Nomatterhowhardshetried.Shewasunabletosmoothovertheirdifferences.不管她怎么努力，也未能消除他们之间的分歧。[归纳拓展]smoothdown把……弄平；消除；变得平静smoothaway轻易地摆脱或消除smoothout使平滑；使平坦；使平静smoothover平息(争斗等)；缓和(感情等)[即时跟踪]完成句子①我们能做点什么来安抚他最受伤的感情呢？Whatcanwedotosmoothhishurtfeelingsdown?②熨斗可熨平你裤子上的皱褶。Anironwill/can__smooth__outthewrinklesinyourpants.③经过了这么多年，你想缓解你们之间的分歧谈何容易。Itwillbedifficultforyoutosmooth__overyourdifferencesaftersomanyyears.2．taketurns[语境感悟](1)(教材P33)Thentaketurns.然后，轮流(做)。(2)Wetookturnstodrivethecar.我们轮流开车。(3)Inwinterpeopleburnalotofcoaltowarmthemselvesinturncausespollutionandglobalwarming.冬天，人们燃烧大量的煤来取暖，反过来导致污染和全球变暖。[归纳拓展]taketurns依次，轮流taketurnsinsth./todosth./(at)doingsth.轮流做某事inturn反过来；依次，挨个；交替地，轮流地byturns轮流，依次It’sone’sturn(todosth.)(＝takeone’sturn)轮到某人(做某事)[即时跟踪](1)完成句子我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。①Ithinkit’s__my__turn__to__drivethekidstoschoolthisweek.(2)一句多译护士轮流照顾病人。②Thenursesattendedthepatientin__turn/by__turns．③Thenursestook__turns__toattendthepatient.3．inneed[语境感悟](1)(教材P34)Choosefromthiscatalogueareallyusefulgiftforsomeoftheworld’spoorestandbringhopeforabetterfuturetoacommunityinneed.从这份清单中，给世界上最穷苦的人挑选一件真正实用的礼物，给急需帮助的社区带去改善未来的希望。(2)Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难的朋友才是真正的朋友。(3)Thehungrychildrenwereinneedoffood.这些饥饿的孩子需要食物。(4)There'snoneedforyoutocomeifyoudon'twantto.如果你不想来，就不必来。[归纳拓展]inneed在困难中；在危急中；(食物或生活来源的)短缺；缺乏inneedof需要satisfy/meetone’sneeds满足某人的需要thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.没必要做某事[即时跟踪](1)完成句子①需要时，请尽管找我帮忙。Whenyou__are__in__need，don'thesitatetoaskmeforhelp.②没必要为已经发生的事感到后悔。There__is__no__need__to__regretwhathashappened.(2)单句改错③ManyChineseuniversitiesprovidedscholarshipsforstudentsinneedeq\a\vs4\al(∧,of)financialaid.1．Whatif...?[语境感悟](1)(教材P32)Shewasdyingtoseehimagainbutwhatifhedidn’twanttoseeher?她急于再次见到他，可是如果他不想见她怎么办？(2)Whatifhedoesn'tagreewithme?要是他不同意我的看法怎么办？(3)Whatdidyoudothatfor？你为何做那件事？(4)WhataboutwashingthecaronSunday?礼拜天洗车怎么样？[归纳拓展]whatif...？意为“要是……又怎样；如果……将会怎么样；如果……又怎样”。相当于Whatwouldhappenif...？或Whatshouldsb.doif...？或Whatdoesitmatterif...?whatfor为何目的；为何理由whatabout(提出建议)……怎么样？[即时跟踪](1)单句语法填空①Whatifweinvitedthemtocomehereforapartyinstead?②Whatabouthavingawalkaftersuper?③—Let’sgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.—Whatdowedrinkfor？Haveyougotthefirstlotteryticket?(2)翻译句子④如果他忘了带来，那怎么办呢？What__if__he__forgets__to__bring__it?⑤借点钱给我如何？What__about__lending__me__some__money?2．not...but...[语境感悟](1)(教材34)Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。(2)NotTombuthisparentswanttogofishingtomorrow.不是汤姆而是他的父母想明天去钓鱼。(3)Itisnothebutyouwhoaretoblame.该受责备的不是他而是你。(4)NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错。[归纳拓展](1)not...but不是……而是……(2)not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。(3)连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定的连词还有：either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...。[即时跟踪]翻译句子①我做这件事不是因为我喜欢做，而是因为我不得不做。I__did__it__not__because__I__liked__it__but__because__I__had__to__do__it.②不是她，就是我去拿些粉笔。Either__she__or__I__am__going__to__fetch__some__chalks.③不仅学生们被邀请，而且那位教师也被邀请了。Not__only__the__students__but__also__the__teacher__was__invited.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theworlddistribution(distribute)ofwealthandincomeishighlyunequal.2．Shedreamsofbeingavoluntary(volunteer)workeraftergraduation.3．Thereisnoneedforustogivethemanymore.4．Ifeelitanhonourtohavebeeninvitedtomakeaspeechhere.5．I’daskyoutoraiseyourglassesandjoinmeinatoasttothehealthofallourfriendshere.Ⅱ.选词填空distribute...to...，smoothdown，inneed，taketurns，donate...to...1．Hesmoothed__downaftertakingsomemedicine.2．LastyearhedonatedmanybookstotheHopeprojectforthosewhocannotaffordtheireducation.3．Pleasedistributethepicturestochildren.4．DanandIusuallytake__turnstocook.5．Ouraimistoprovideenoughfoodforthosefamiliesin__need．Ⅲ.完成句子1．总统亲临，使我们感到荣幸。It__is__an__honour__tohavethePresidenthere.2．不是我不愿帮助你，而是我现在太忙了。Not__thatI’munwillingtolendyouahand，butthatI’mtoobusyforthemoment.3．轮到他们使用会议室了。It’s____their__turn__tousethemeetingroom.4．倘若车出了故障，怎么办？What__ifthecarbreaksdown?5．父母没有必要为孩子做一切事情。There__is__no__need__for__parents__todoeverythingfortheirchildren.Ⅰ.语境填词A)根据汉语提示，写出所缺单词1．Hestaredoutofthewindowandsighed(叹息)deeply.2．Let'stoast(干杯)thesuccessofthenewcompany.3．Heoperated(操作)themachineasifhehadbeenaskilledworker.4．Iwillmakesomepurchases(购买)atthatdepartmentstoretomorrow.5．Forreasonsofsecurity(安全)，allluggagemushbesearched.B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式6．Awealthysponsorcametoourrescuewithagenerousdonation(donate)．7．Mysister，aswellasherclassmateswhowerelateforclass，was(be)criticizedbyMr.Smith.8．Itwasnotwhathesaidthatannoyedmebutthewayhesaidthosewords.9．TheschoolisingreatneedofEnglishteachers.10．Itsoundslikeagoodoffer，butwhatifit’satrick?Ⅱ.阅读理解AWhenachildistoldheis“uncool”，itcanbeverypainful.Hemaysayhedoesn’tcare，andevenactinwaysthatareoppositeofcoolonpurpose.Butthesearesimplywaystohandlesadnessbypretendingit’snotthere.Helpingachildfeelbetterinschoolhadtobecareful.Ifyousay“Whyareyouworriedaboutwhatotherchildrenthinkaboutyou？Itdoesn’tmatter！”，childrenknowthatitdoesmatter.Instead，anactivewaymaybebest.Youcouldsay，“I’mgoingtodoacoupleofthingsforyoutohelpyoufeelbetterinschool.”Ifaboyishavingtroublemakingfriends，theteachercanhelphim.Theteachercanarrangethingssothathehaschancestousehisabilitiestocontributetoclassprojects.Thisishowtheotherchildrenlearnhowtovaluehisgoodqualitiesandtolikehim.Ateachercanalsoraiseachild’spopularityinthegroupbyshowingthathevaluesthatchild.Itevenhelpstoputhiminaseatnexttoaverypopularchild，orlethimbeapartnerwiththatchildinactivities，etc.Therearethingsthatparentscandoathome，too.Befriendlywhenyourchildbringsothershometoplay.Encouragehimtoinvitefriendstomealsandthenservethedishestheyconsider“super”．Whenyouplanweekendtrips，picnics，movies，andothershows，inviteanotherchildwithwhomyourchildwantstobefriends.Whatyoucandoisgivehimachancetojoinagroupthatmaybeshuttinghimout.Then，ifhehasgoodqualities，hecanstarttobuildarealfriendshipofhisown.11．Achildwhohasbeeninformedofbeing“uncool”may________．A．carenothingaboutitB．dosomethinguncoolonpurposeC．developasenseofangerD．pretendtogethurtverymuch答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，当一个孩子被告知他不酷的时候，他可能会说他不在乎甚至会故意做出不酷的行为来。12．Ateachercanhelpanunpopularchildby________．A．seeingthechildastheteacher’sfavoriteB．askingthechildtodosomethingforpartnersC．forcingotherchildrentomakefriendswiththechildD．offeringthechildchancestoshowhisgoodqualities答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theteachercanarrangethingssothathehaschancestousehisabilitiestocontributetoclassprojects.”可知老师可以安排一些事情，来展示他品质好的一面。13．Thetextismainlyabout________．A．howanunpopularchildcanbehelpedB．whysomechildrenareunpopularC．whatgoodqualitiesunpopularchildrenhaveD．whocareaboutunpopularchildren答案A解析主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了父母和老师怎样帮助一个不酷的孩子交到朋友。BAmanentersastoretobuymilk.Hewalksoutofthestorewithmilk.Thatisall—milk.Atthesametime，awomanentersthesamegrocerystorealsotobuymilk.Shebuysit.Butshealsobuyschickenandlemonstomakedinnerthatnight.Andthatisthedifferencebetweenthefemaleandmalebrainssimplyexplainedinagrocerystore.Generallyspeaking，mendoonethingatatime.Womendomany.Doingmanythingsatonetimeisoftencalled“multi-tasking”．Arecentstudyhasconfirmedwhatwehaveknownallalong—menandwomenthinkdifferently.ScientistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniastudiedbrainimagesof949peopleagedfrom8to22yearsold.Theyfoundthatmalebrainshavemoreconnectionsononesideofthebrain.Inthefemalebrain，theyfoundmoreactivityandconnectionsbetweentherightandleftsidesofthebrain.Theleftsideofthebrainisknownasthesideof“reason”．Therightsideisknownasthe“creative”side.ReginaVerma，aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania，sayswhenwomenareaskedtodosomethingcomplicatedtheymightusedifferentpartsofthebrain.Butmengenerallyusejustone.Asaresult，mengenerallydealdirectlywithaproblem.Thereisastrongconnectionbetweenthe“understanding”andthe“action”partsoftheirbrains.Women，however，mightincludeotherpartsofthebrain，likethepartconnectedwithreasonandthepartconnectedwithsensitivitywhensolvingaproblem.Womentakealessdirectpathtofindasolution.Dr.Vermawarnsthatthestudyshouldnotleadanyonetoexpectsomebehaviorfromwomenandothersfrommen.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，题材为科普环保类。研究发现男性和女性行为不同主要是因为他们的大脑结构不同，考虑问题时运用大脑的不同部分。14．FromParagraph1，wecanlearnthatwomen________．A．aremorecarefulthanmenB．arebetteratmulti-taskingthanmenC．dothingsmoreefficientlythanmenD．goshoppingmorefrequentlythanmen答案B解析细节理解题。第一段以男女买牛奶的不同结果指出，女性比男性更擅长同时处理多个任务。15．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A．Mencannotusebothbrainsatthesametime.B．Men'sbrainismoreadvancedthanwomen's.C．Menandwomenhavedifferentstructureofthebrain.D．Mendon'tusuallyusethecreativesideoftheirbrain.答案C解析细节理解题。由第三段可知，男性和女性的大脑结构不同。16．Whydomenandwomenbehavedifferently?A．Theylookatthingsfromdifferentsides.B．Theyreactatdifferentspeedstoproblems.C．Theythinkwithdifferentpartsofthebrain.D．Theyhavedifferentattitudestowardslife.答案C解析推理判断题。由第四段可知，男性和女性行为不同的主要原因就是他们思考问题时运用大脑的不同部分。17．Dr.Verma'swarningindicatesthatwomenandmen________．A．willneveragreewitheachotherB．canhardlylearnfromeachotherC．havenochancetoimprovethemselvesD．shouldnotexpecttheothersidetochange答案D解析推理判断题。最后一段Dr.Verma说有了这份研究，我们就不要期待女性做出某些行为，也不要期待男性做出某些行为。由此可知，他暗示男性与女性最好不要期待对方能够朝自己所期望的方向改变。Ⅲ.七选五Therearesomebadcellphonehabitsthatcanhaveserioussocial，academic，health，andlegalconsequences.Soitisimportantandnecessarytoeducateyourteenaboutunhealthyhabits.Herearesomehadhabitsthatteensneedtostop：Talkonthephoneinquietpublicareas.MakesurethatyourteenknowsitisnotOKtotalkonthephoneintheaters，libraries，waitingrooms，orotherquietpublicareas.__18__Stareattheirphonesforhours.Manypeople—notjustteens—arespendingtheirdaysmindlesslyscrolling(滚动)throughnewsfeedsandsocialmediaacco