考研国贸补充资料

2004年国际贸易学综合试题

一,判断（每题1分，共5分）

1、在均衡的国民收入水平上，非计划存货投资必须等于零，且计划投资与实际投资必须相

等。（）

2、当政府对某一行业的产品实施最低限价政策时，通常会导致该行业单位供给减少，市场

需求增加。（）

3、根据国际商会《2000年通则》的规定，如果买方想采取铁路运输，愿意办理进出口清关

手续并承担其中的费用，买方可以采用FCA贸易术语。（）

4,根据国际惯例，保兑行审核单据无误而付款后，若开证行倒闭或无理拒付，则保兑行有

权向受益人索要货款。（）

5,2002年8月国际货币基金组织有关数据表明，中国是2001年黄金储备增长最多的国家。

（）

二.单项选择（每题1分，共5分）

1、垄断厂商面对两个相互独立、需求弹性不同的市场时，为获取最大利润，厂商应该实?br/>（）.

A、同一价格B、一级价格歧视C、二级价格歧视D、三级价格歧视

2、厂商对要素的需求取决于（）。

A、要素的边际生产力B、产品的价格C、要素的平均产量D、要素的供给量

3、•切险与水渍险各项保险责任的不同之处在于（）的赔偿。

A、自然灾害所造成的单独海损

B、意外事故所造成的全部或部分损失

C、一般外来原因所造成的损失

D、特殊外来原因所造成的损失

4、下列哪一项属于国际收支的长期性不平衡：（）。

A、结构性不平衡B、收入性不平衡C,周期性不平衡D、货币性不平衡

5、下列属于三级储备资产的有（）。

A、活期存款B.短期存款C,黄金储备;D、普通提款权

三、多项选择（每题2分，共10分）

1、对于生产函数Q=f（L,K）和成本方程C=w*L+r*K来说，在最优的生产要素组合点上应该有（）»

A、等产量曲线和等成本线相切

B、MRTS（lk）=w/r

CMRTS（lk）=-AK/AL=MP（K）/MP（L）

D、MP（L）/w=MP（K）/r

2、按《UCP500》规定，除非另有约定，卖方不得提交（）。

A、舱面提单B,已装船提单C,清洁提单

D、不清洁提单E、指示提单

3、一项合同成立的有效条件包括（）«

A、当事人必须具有签订合同的行为能力B、合同必须有对价或约因

C、合同的内容必须合法D,合同必须符合法律规定的形式

E、合同当事人的意思必须真实

4、在下列IMF贷款类型中，属于普通贷款的是（）。

A、缓冲库存贷款B、中期贷款

C、信托基金贷款D、补充贷款

5、下列能在合同有效期任何一天交割的有（）。

A、欧式期权B、美式期权

C、择期D、远期合同

四、名词解释（每题4分，共16分）

1、经济增长的黄金分割率

2、纳什均衡

3、一价定律

4、寄售

五、简述（每题10分，共30分）

1、新凯恩思主义是如何结实价格和工资粘性的？由此提出的经济稳定政策是什么？

2、简述产业内贸易说的核心内容

3、特里芬两难为何构成布雷顿森林体系的致命缺陷？

六、论述与分析题（第1、2题每题10分，第3题14分，共34分）

1、美国对包括钢铁、汽车及纺织品在内的许多产品实行配额。经济学家们估算通过拍卖配额权，美国财政

部门每年至少获得100亿美元的收入，假定美国的服装市场在无贸易的条件下，国内的服装均衡价格为8

美元/1单位，交易数量为200单位。而服装的世界市场价格为

4美元/1单位，美国在自由贸易条件下，美国的服装价格降至4美元，国内生产者只供给100单位，需进

口200单位才能满足国内的需求。现假定美国政府的服装配额为100单位，并将配额按一年的进口量分配

给各进口国，请图示美国的服装配额进行分析：

（1）美国的服装交易量和价格是多少？

（2）配额导致的效率损失是多少？

（3）拍卖配额权会带来什么影响？

2、我某进出口公司于5月15日向外商A发盘并限其18日复到我方。A「16日上午10时向当地邮局交

发关于接受我方发盘的电报。但由于当地邮局工人罢工，该电报在传递途中延误到22日才送达我方。我公

司认为对方答复逾期，未予置理，并将货物以较高价格售予外商B。5月25日，A来电称：信用证已经开

出，要求我方尽早出运货物。我方立.即复电A,声明接受到达过晚，双方并不存在合同关系。因此，双方

发生争执。试根据《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的有关规定，分析双方孰是孰非？并说明理由。

3、试析战略性外购（strategicoutsourcing）的合理性。

七、专业英语（每题25分，共50分）

1、TheTaylorRule:CouldaRobotReplaceAlanGreenspan?MacroeconomistJohnTaylorofStanford

UniversityCallsforaNewMonetaryRuleThatWouldInstitutionalizeAppropriateFedPolicyResponses

toChangesinRealOutputandInflation.Inourdiscussionofrulesversusdiscretion,“rules”were

associatedwithapassivemonetarypolicy-oneinwhichthemonetaryrulerequiredthattheFed

expandthemoneysupplyaiafixedannualrateregardlessofthestateofthe

economy.^Discretion^ontheotherhand,wasassociatedwithanactivemonetary

policyinwhichtheFedchangedtheinterestrateinresponsetoactualor

anticipatedchangesintheeconomy.

EconomistJohnTaylorhasputanewtwistontherule-versus-discretiondebate

bysuggestingahybridpolicyrulethatdictatesthepreciseactivemonetary

actionstheFedshouldtakewhenchangesintheeconomyoccur.Thisso-called

Taylorrulecombinestraditionalmonetarism,withitsemphasisonamonetary

rule,andthemoremainstreamviewthatactivemonetarypolicyisausefultool

fortaminginflationandlimitingrecession.UnliketheFriedmanmonetaryrule,

theTaylorruleholds,forexample,thatmonetarypolicyshouldrespondto

changesinbothrealGDPandinflation,notsimplyinflation.Thekeyadjustment

istheinterestrate,notthemoneysupply.

TheTaylorrulehasthreeparts:

•IfrealGDPrises1percentabovepotentialGDP,theFedshouldraisethe

FederalFundsrate(theinterbankrateofovernightloans),relativetothe

currentinflationrate,by.5percent.

•Ifinflationrisesby1percentaboveitstargetof2percent,thentheFed

shouldraisetheFederalfundsrateby.5percentrelativetotheinflation

rate.

•WhentherealGDPisequaltopotentialGDPandinflationisequaltoits

targetrateof2percent,theFederalfundsrateremainatabout4percent,

whichwouldimplyarealinterestrateof2percent.

Taylorhasneithersuggestednorimpliedthatarobot,programmedwiththe

Taylorrule,shouldreplaceAlanGreenspan,chairmanoftheFederalReserve

System.TheFed'sdiscretiontooverridetherule(or''contingencyplanfor

policyH)wouldberetained,buttheFedwouldrenovetheumystery"associated

withmonetarypolicyandincreaseheFed'saccountability.Also.saysTaylor,if

usedconsistently,therulewouldenablemarketparticipantstoprediceFed

behavior,andthiswouldincreaseFedcredibilityandreduceuncertainty.

CriticsoftheTaylorruleadmititismoreintunewithcountercyclicalFed

policythanwithFriedman'ssimplemonetaryrule.Buttheyboreasontolimit

theFed'sdiscretioninadjustinginterestratesasitseesfittoachieve

stabilizationandgrowth.Monetarypolicymaybemoreartthanscience.The

criticsalsopointourthattheFedhasdonearemarkablejobofpromoting

pricestability,fullemployment,andeconomicgrowthoverthepastdecade.

Inviewofthissucces,theyask,"WhysaddletheFedwithahighlymechanical

monetaryrule?"

2、PetitionoftheCandlemakers,1845

FrenchEconomistFredricBastiat(1801-1850)Devastatedthe

ProponentsofProrectionismbySatircallyExtendingtheir

ReasoningtoItsLogicalandAbusurdConclusions.

Petitogogo,Candlesticks,StreetLamps,Snuffers,Extinguishers,andoftheProdecersofOil

Tallow,Rosin,Alcohol,and,

Generally.ofEverythingConnectedwithLighting.

TOMESSIEURSTHEMEMBERSOFTHECHAMBEROFDEPUTIES

Gentlemen-Youareontherightroad.Yourrejectabstracttheories,andhave

littleconsiderationforcheapnessandplenty,Youchiefcareistheinterestof

producer.Youdesiretoemancipatehimfromexternalconpetition,andreservethe

nationalmarketfornationalindustry.

Weareabourtoofferyouanadmirableopportunityofapplyingyour-whatshall

wecallit?No;nothingismoredeceptivethantheory;yourdoctrine?yoursystem?

yourprinciple?butyoudislikedoctrines,youabhorsystems,andasprinciples,you

denythatthereareanyinsocialeconomy:weshallsay,then,yourpractice,your

practicewithouttheoryandwothourprinciple.

Wearesufferingfromtheintolerablecompetitionofaforeignribal,palced,it

wouldseem,inaconditionsofarsuperiortooursfortheprodectionfolight,

thattheabsolutelyinundatesournationalmarketwithitatapricefabulously

reduced.Themomentheshowshimself,ourtradeleavesus-allconsumerapplyto

him;andabranchofnativeindustry,havingcountlessramifications,isallat

oncerenderedcompletelystagnant.Thisrival...isnootherthantheSun.

Whatweprayforis,thatismatpleaseyoutopassalaworderingtheshuttling

upallofwindows,skylights,dormerwindows,outsideandinsideshutters,curtains,

blinds,buirs-eyes;inaword,ofallopenings,holes,chinks.clefts,andfissures,by

orthoughtwhichthelightofthesunhasbeeninuestoenterhouses,tothe

prejudiceofthemeritoriousmagogowe

haveaccommodatedourcountry,-acountrywhich,ingratitude,oughtnotto

abandonusnowtoastrifesounequal.

Ifmoretallowisconsumed,thentheremustbemoreoxenandsheep;and

consequently,weshallbeholdthemultiplicationofartificialmeadows,meat,wool.hides.and,above

all,manure,whichisthebasisandfoundationofall

agriculturalwealth.

Thesameremarkappliestonavigation.Thousandofvesselsw川proceedtothewhalefishery;and,ina

shorttime,weshallpossessanavycapableofmaintaining

thehonorofFrance,andgratifyingthepatrioticaspirationsofyourpetitioners,theundersigned

candiemankersandothers.

Onlyhavethegoodnessthrelfect,Gentlemen,andyouwillbeconvincedthatthere

isperhaps.noFrenchman,fromthewealthcoalmastertohumblestvenderoflucifer

matches,whoselotwillbeamelioraterbysuccessofthisourpetition.

2000专业英语

I.TheBattletoBeYourOnlineBillCollector

Bankershopecyberbillingcangivethematoeholdon

theNet

Everyyear,Americanbusinesssendsout29billionbills.Andbyanymeasure,the

exerciseisn'tmuchfun.Forcompanies,printing,processingandpostingatipic

alconsumerbillrunsabout9O.Andforrecipients,there'snotonlyademandf

orpayment,there'sawadofsolicitationsthatnearlyeveryonethrowsaway.

ButforbankstryingtomakeitontheInternet,billsarecool.Bankersseebi

Ilsassurefireeyeball-grabbersinanenvironmentwhereit*stoughtocommand

consumerattention-andakeytoprotectingtheirexistingbusinessmanaging

cashforbigcompanies.Increasingly,banksarebattlinghigh-techcompetitorsf

orcontrolofInternetbilling,orelectronic-billpresentment'sitiscalled.

Tobesure,thisisafightoverabusinessthatisinitsinfancy.Fewbillsar

enowsentviatheNet,andonlinepaymentsystemsofteninvolveapapercheck.

Butthetechnologyexiststosendbillsfrombusinesstocustomersandroutep

aymentsbackontheNet.Bytheendofnextyear,industryanalystsestimateupw

ardsof4.5millionhouseholdswillbereceivingbillsonline.What'smore,se

ndingandhandlingbillsovertheNetshouldbeabout40%cheaperthanpaperd

elivery,saystheGartnerGroup,aresearchfirminStamford,Conn.

ThequestioniswhowillbecomethebillcollectorontheNet.Bankersreckont

hatiftheycanturntheirWebsitesintomailboxesforelectronicbills.they

canbecomekeyentrypointsontheNet-portals,even.Thatwouldenablethemto

sellotherfinancialservicesonline.Thefearisthatexistingportals.such

asYahoo!orevenAmericanOnline,w川becomecentersofbillpaymentand,in

turn,siphonoffexistingbankbusiness."bankshavebeenslowtogetintot

his,"saysKennethJ.Kerr,aGarteranalystinDurham.N.C."Buttheyrealizeth

ereisathreathereandtheyneedtogetaboard".

Bankshavetheiradvantages.Theycanoffercustomerssimultaneousaccesstoth

eirbillsandtheirmoney.Bankshavelongrelationshipswiththebillers,such

asutilitiesandretailers,andcenturiesofexperienceinprotectingpeople's

money.

Bigbanksalsoareworriedthattechnologycompaniesofferingbillpresentment

couldmuscleintooneoftheirfastest-growingbusiness-managingcashforbig

companies.Afterall.distributingandcollectingbillsisaclosecousinto

cashmanagement.

Atthispoint,predictinghowtheindustrywillshakeoutispremature.Banks

andtechnologycompaniesalreadyhaveformedseveralalliancesaimedadeliver

ingbillsonthenet.Morecombinationsarelikely.What'sclear,though,is

thebanksknowtheyarerunningoutoftimetogettheirInternetbillingact

together.

FromBusinessWeek/July19,1999

2.PrinciplesofRegulation

Thefollowingquotationdescribesthescopeofregulationandhowitaffectsi

ndividualsandbusinessesparticipatinginamarket.

"Allmarketandtransactionsareinpracticeregulatedbysomekindofgovernm

entlawsorregulations,andwithoutregulationsofanykind.mostmarketsand

typesoftransactionswouldceasetoexist.Withoutlaws,thetermsofmanyty

pesofagreementandtransactionbetweenindividualswouldbeunenforceablean

dwouldcease.Thechoicefacingindividualsandsocietyisnotbetweenregula

tionandnoregulation;itishowmuchregulationandwhatkindsofregulatio

naredesirable/

Thisdescriptionportraysregulationasfullyencompassingthesystemsofgove

mmentandlawwiththepowertocontrolallmarketsandtransactions.Econom

istsandpoliticianswouldtypicallytakeamuchnarrowerviewofregulation,c

oncentratingmoreonthetargetsofregulatoryactionortheregulatoryproces

sitself.Aneconomist,focusingonthetargetsofregulatoryaction,mightd

escriberegulationasgovernmentpolicythatexertscontroloverafirmtoeli

citadesiredbehaviorasaproducerofgoodsoremployeroflabor.Aneconomi

storpoliticianfocusingonregulatotyprocess,however,mightexpressaview

similartothefollowing:

"Throughregulation,societyattemptstosubstitutethedecidion-makingprocess

ofaregulatorycommissionfortheactionofthemarketmechanism...Itiscle

arthatthe'process'ofregulationistosubstituteadministrativejudgmentfo

rmarket-placejudgement.Ineffect,aneconomicenvironmentoflegalrulesan

dregulationsisusedasasurrogateforthefreemarket,andeconomicdecision

saremadebyapoliticalprocess."

Theabovedescriptionportraysregulationasapoliticalprocess,substituting

asministrativejudgementformarketplacejudgement.Thedescriptionidentifie

stheimportantinteractionbetweenregulationandthemarketandraisedanim

portantissue:when,ifatall,shouldmarketplacejudgmentbereplacedwithas

ministrativejudgement?

Variousanswerstothisquestionhavebeenproposed.Ofprimaryimportanceis

themarketbeingconsidered.Differentmarketrequiredifferentamountsandty

pesofregulation.

____FromTheRegulationofInsurance

3.InterventionArrangementsintheEuropeanMonetarySystem

BilateralexchangerateswithintheEuropeanMonetarySystemhaveneverbeenI

iterallyfixed;rather,theyhavefluctuatedwithinspecifiedlimitscalledma

rgins.SinceAugust1993themarginsformostbilateralexchangerateshavebe

en+_15percent,althoughtheywerenarrowerbeforethen.Eachparticipatingcu

rrencyisalsoassigneda"central"exchangerateagainsttheEuropeanUnionc

urrencies.Whenacurrency'smarketxchangerateagainsttheECUdivergessuff

icientlyfromitscegogothecurrencyise

xpectedtointerveneandpossiblytakeotheractionstocorrectthesituation.

Inreturnforcontributing20percentoftheirgoldanddollarholdingstoaE

uropeanMonetaryInstitute,centralbankintheEMSreceiveequivalentholding

ofECUs.ECUscanbeused,alongwithothertypesofinternationalreserves,t

opurchasedomesticcurrencyfrommembercentralbanksthatacquireitininte

rventionopertationsbutdonotwishtoholdit.

InterventionburdensmaybesharedsymmetricallywithintheEMS,buttheyneed

notbe.IftheFrenchfrancdepreciatestoitslowerlimitagainsttheDM,fo

rexample,theFrenchcentralbankmustrectifythesituationbysellingDMres

erves;atthesametime,theGermancentralbankmustlendthenecessaryDMto

theBankofFrance.EMSrulesthuscallforasymmetricinterventionprocedure

whenanexchangeratereachesthelimitofitsrange,oneinwhichtheweak-c

urrencycountrylosesreservesandtheothergainsthem.

MuchinterventiontakesplacewithintheEMSexchangeratemargins,however,an

dsuchinterventiondoesnotobligeothercentralbankstotakeaction.Ifthe

bankofFrancebuysDMassetsandaddsthemtoitsreserves,forexample,the

Bundesbankisnotrequiretointerveneaslongasthefrancstayswithinits

margins.

Inaddition,thesymmetryofinterventionatthemarginsisnoguaranteethat

theresultingadjustmentsinnationalmoneysuppliesaresymmetric.Thereisli

ttleatpresenttopreventacentralbankfromtryingtoshifttheburdenofm

onetaryadjustmentontoitsEMSpartnersbysterilizingitsforeigninterventi

on.

FromcEconomics-TheoryandPolicy,4thEdition

4.FreedomofContract

Themainprincipleofthelawrelatingtocommercialtransactionsisbasedon

thefreedomofthecontractingpartiestoagreeastheywish.Thisprinciplec

omprisesthefreedomtochoosewhetheronewantstoenterintoacontractata

II,thefreedomtochooseone'scontractingpartyandtoagreeonthecontents

ofthecontractanditsgeneralandspecificterms.However,anyfreedomofc

ontractisnecessarilycontrolledbysomefundamentalsprinciplesoftheappli

cablenationallawwhichdeterminehowcontractualrightscomeintobeingand

theeffectoncontractualundertakingoffraud,misleadingstatements,duress,

coercion,mistakeorotherinvalidatingcauses.Itshouldalsobeobservedth

atitmaybeimpossibletoobtainenforcementofsomecontractsandthatthem

odalitiesofenforcementmaydifferindifferentjurisdictions.

Generallyonecannotexpectenforcementofcontractswhichareillegalinthe

jurisdictionconcernedorwhichmayhavesuchanobjectthatredresstoenforc

ementauthoritiesisunavailable.Thisistrueformostillegalcontractsaso

necannotverywellexpectorgansofthestatetoextendahelpfulhandtotho

sewhohaveengagedinprohibitedofundesirableactivities.Thesamereluctan

cemaywellapplytocontractswhicharenotillegalbutmerelyofsuchanatu

rethatthecontractingpartiesshouldhavetoarrangetheiraffairswithoutt

heassistanceoftheauthorities,e.g.wageringcontractorgamesformoney.

Inmoderncommerce,itwouldnormallybeimpracticabletoletthecontracting

partiesindividuallynegotiateeachandeverycontractterm.Instead,theywou

Idinmostcasesuseready-madetextsappearingindifferentstandardformsor

clauses.ltisalsopossibletousecomputerizedtextsavailablefordifferent

typesofcontracts.Ifso,itisonlytheoreticallypossibletobasecontract

interpretationontheactualwillandintentionofthecontractingpartiesth

emselves.Suchstandardisedtexthavetobeinterpretedobjectivelyandrefere

neetocontractualintentrepresentsnomorethanalip-servicetothetraditi

onalparadigmofderivingthecontentsofcontractsolelyfromthewillofthe

parties.Thestandardtobeusedistoassesshowareasonablepersonwouldu

nderstandthetextratherthantoexaminehowtheactualcontractingpartiesu

nderstoodit,iftheyeventhoughtaboutitatall.Suchstandardisedtextsor

iginatefromdifferentsources.Insomecasestheyareunilaterallypreparedb

y

oneofthecontractingpartiesand,inothercases,theyaree

laboratedundertheauspicesofvarioustradeorganisationsusuallyonlyrepre

sentingoneofthepartiesinaparticulartypeofcontractualrelationship.H

owever,tradeorganisationsrepresentingbothpartiesinthecontractualrelat

ionshipmayalsohaveagreedonastandardisedtext,whichisthenusuallycal

ledan"agreeddocument".Internationalorganisations,suchastheInternationa

IChamberofCommerce,Promotetheelaborationofstandardtextsandprinciple

swhichcouldbeincorporatedintocommercialcontractsbyreference,Insome

cases,suchstandardisedtextsandprinciplescouldattainthestatusofinter

nationalusageoftradeand,ifso,theycouldbedeemedtogovernthecontrac

tingrelationshipevenintheabsenceofexpressreference.

FromIgogo,byICC

5.TheLegalNatureofAshare

Theissueofashareformoney,ormoney'sworthorinsatisfactionofadebt

isthetransactionbywhichthewholeorpartofthestatednominalorauthori

sedsharecapitalofaregisteredcompanyiscollectivelyrealised.Insomeju

risdictionsaminimunorparvalueforeachshareisfixedbydividingtheamo

untofthesharecapitalintoequalparts.Thistechniqueisoftenreflectedi

ndictionaryandlegislativedefinitionsoftheterm"share*1.Thedefinitiono

fashareasapartorshareofsharecapitalismisleadingtotheextentthat

isconveysthenotionofanentitlementonthepartoftheshareholdertobe

repaidtheparvalueoftheshare.Ashareisnotadebentureandistherefore

notadebtowedbythecompanytotheshareholder.Ifsubscribersforshares

inacommercialcompanydonotlendtheconsiderationtothecompanythenthe

issueofsharesmust,ofnecessity,servetheadditionalfunctionofrendering

theenterpriseofthecompanyparticipable.Thejurisdicalsubstanceofa

sharemustthereforebesoughtinthenatureoftheparticipation

affordeditsproprietorbytheconstituentdocumentsofthecompanyandbyco

mpanylaw.Thatsubstance,totheextentthatitisnotmandatoryorgeneric,i

sdeterminedinitiallybytheframersoftherevevantmemorandumandarticles

ofassociation.Theoretically,therefore,alargepartofthelegalcontentof

ashareisinfinitelyvariablefromcorporationtocorporation,fromshareto

shareandfromtimetotime.Practically,however,commercialnecessity,secu

ritiesregulationandconveniencemaydictatesomeincidentsofashare.Them

ultifariousnatureofashareenablesitaccommodatecommercialrequirementss

uchasthatforcollectiveorpooledcapital;marketablesecurities;limitedI

lability,participationofshareholdersinprofitsandinanysurplusonawin

dingup;andtheprovisionofworkablemanagementandcontrol.

FromInterestsInGoods,2ndEdition.LLP

99经贸综合知识试题

注:第八题只限国贸专业考生答，第九题只限金融考生答

一，名词解释（3分/1题）

1.国内生产总值2.财政制度的内在稳定器3.水平型国际分工4.到达合同5.外币期权6

.衍生金融工具7.普遍优惠制8.外汇留成制度

二.单选（1分八题）

1.在一国货币贬值后，下列哪个经济现象最不可能能发生：

A.出口增加B.进口增加C.通货膨胀D.通货紧缩

2.作为未执行远期外汇合约的当事人，他将面临：

A.交易风险B.经济风险C.经营风险D.政治风险

3.卜列有关备用信用证的说明中，正确地说法是：

A.备用信用证不受跟单信用证统一惯例的约束B.该证的开证行不以单证相符作为付款的条

件

C.只有当开证申请人履约时，受益人才得到银行的付款D.备用信用证仅在国际工程承包业

务中使用

4.按照<<联合国国际货物销售合同合约>>的规定，下列有关发盘撤回问题的表述中,()

是错误的.

A.发盘之所以能够撤回是因为发盘尚未生效B.当发盘中规定了有效期时，该发盘不得撤回

C.所有发盘均可以撤回，即使该发盘是不可撤回的D.撤回的通知须先于发盘或与之同时到

达受盘人

5.出口价格指数与进口价格指数之比,称为：

A.净贸易条件B.收入贸易条件C.单项因素贸易条件D.购买力平价

6.世界贸易组织将服务贸易分为()大类

A.9B.10C.11D.12

7.如果X商品与丫商品的相对价格是2:1,某人消费X商品与Y商品时的边际效用MUx/MUy之比是

3:2,为实现效用最大化，应该()

A.X商品的价格必须上升B.消费者必须增加X商品的消费

C.消费者必须增加丫商品的消费，减少X商品的消费D.消费者收入必须增加

8.某一时间内,X商品的替代品的价格上升和互补品的价格上升，分别引起X商品的需求变动

量为50单位和80单位，则在他们的共同作用下，该时期的X商品的需求量()

A.增加30单位B.减少30单位C.增加130单位D.减少130单位

9,Leontiefparadox是在验证()理论时提出来的.

A.绝对优势理论B.比较优势理论C.竞争优势理论D.要素贸易理论

10.我国现行的汇率制度是()

A.有管理的单一固定汇率制度B.有管理的单一浮动汇率制度

C.有管理的双轨浮动汇率制度D.由市场供求决定的浮动汇率制度

三.多选(1分/1题)

1.下列哪些因素会使总需求曲线向右移动：

A.增加名义货币供给量B.增加政府购买支出C.增加税收D.增加政府转义支付

2.对于生产函数Q=f(L,K)和成本方程C=wL+rK来说,在最优的生产要素组合点上应该有()

A.等产量曲线和等成本曲线相切B.RTSLK=w/r

C.RTSLK=AK/AL=MPK/MPLD.MPL/w=MPK/r

3.近年来，国际海运业务中使用越来越多的海运提单是由承运人签发的()

A.一种不可转让的运输单证B.用以证明海上货物运输合同的凭证

C.证明货物已经由承运人接管或装运的凭证D,可以流通转让的所有权凭证

5.当对一商品实行最高限价时,()

A.生产者会生产更多的商品以缩小供求之间的差距B.引起抢购或黑市买卖

C.产生商品过剩现象D.商品供不应求，政府实行配给制

6.乌拉圭回合谈判中达成的<<补贴与反补贴>>中，将补贴分为()

A.禁止使用补贴B.不禁止使用补贴C.可申诉的补贴D.不可申诉的补贴

7.运用保理业务,().

A.进出口商不需事先协商B.出口商品的价格高于托收下的价格

C.出口商可免除外汇信贷风险D.进出口商需事先协商

8.只有在合同到期日，客户才可以要求银行执行交割的外汇业务是0

A.择期业务B.远期业务C.欧式期权D.美式期权

9.若一国国际收支的经常帐户与资本金融帐户为顺差,则该国（）

A.外汇储备增加或官方短期债权减少B.外汇储备增加或官方短期债权增加

C.外汇储备增加或官方短期债务减少D.外汇储备减少或官方短期债务减少

10.•国实行复汇制，会（）

A.扩大出口B.减少进口C.扩大进口D.被国际上认为是歧视性汇兑措施

四，判断（1分/1题）

1.长期总成本包括长期固定成本和长期可变成本两部分

2.当净出口是收入的函数，净资本流出入是利率的函数,则国际收支均衡函数BP曲线向右上

方倾斜.

3.在国际货物买卖中，当货物的风险转移给买方之后，卖方对货物与合同的不符概不承担责

任

4.按<<关税与贸易总协定>>第6条的规定，”缔约国为了抵消和防止倾销,可以对倾销的

产品征收数量不低于这•产品的倾销差额的反倾销税,”

5.自由贸易区通常之签定有自由贸易的国家所组成的经济贸易集团，在成员国之间逐步废除

关税与数量限制,是区域内各成员国间的商品可以自由流动，但每个成员国不能保持对非成

员国的贸易壁垒.

6.由于银行要扣除包装费，运费，保险费，利息损失等，外汇现钞买入价就高于外汇牌价的买

入价.

7.卖方信贷下，贸易合同的付款条件是D/A

8.一国通货膨胀加重，本币对外币的汇率必然贬值

五，填空（1分/1题）

1.等产量曲线的主要特征为.

2.财政政策的主要工具包括,,.

3.由于差价税是随着国内外价格的变动而变动，因此，它是一种.

4.1995年1月1日欧洲联盟成员数量由—国扩大到—国.

六.回答问题（6分/题）

1.为什么传统的经济学认为市场机制本身解决不了环境污染问题?你认为采取什么政策可以

解决?为什么？

2.已知某垄断厂商的需求函数为P=47-0.5Q,边际成本函数为MC=5+Q,问:该厂商的产品价格

与销售数量应分别为多少才可以使其实现利润最大化？

七,分析下列案例（7分）

1.某企业按CFR条件从伦敦进口货物一批,已向中保财产保险有限公司投保了平安险（FPA）.

货物从伦敦装船后，因受恶劣天气袭击，部分货物遭受水渍损失.其后，载货船舶在运输中又

曾发生触礁事故,但货物幸未受影响.

试分析I:述货物在装运港伦敦装船以后，因恶劣天气所遭受的水渍损失能否向保险公司取得

补偿.

八.回答问题（国贸专业答,20分）

1.叙述产业内贸易的特点与形成的原因

九.回答（金融专业答,20分）

1.我国某公司从日本进口机器设备•套，价值总额为1亿日元，经双方协商确定，我方可在美

元和日元41任何一种货币作为计价货币，而支付货币为日元.一知:签约时汇价为1美元=100

日元,付汇时汇价为1美元=80日元.

（1）.我方最终选择日元作为计价货币是否合适？为什么？（3分）

（2）.日元对美元时上浮还是下浮了？（2分）

（3）.若用日元作为支付货币，多付了还是少付了多少日元？（3分）

2.某企业向某欧洲银行借款100,000美元,期限为3个月,年利率12%.

（1）.该笔贷款的利息时先付还是后付,还是提用贷款后付？（2分）

（2）.该笔贷款的利息时多少美元？（4分）

（3）.该企业是按100,000美元还本还是按多少美元还本？（2分）

（4）.该企业实际担负的利率是12%,还是多少？（4分）

99专业英语

1.ASIA:ONEYEARLATER

OnthefirstanniversaryofAsia'sworstrecessioninhalfacentury,itisc

learthatthegeoeconomicshapeofthePacificRimwillbefardifferentfrom

whatanyoneanticipatedjustayearago.Thefulcrumofgrowthisslowlyshift

ingfromasenescentJapanandstagnantSoutheastAsiatoadynamic.confident

China,PresidentClinton'sremarkablejourneywilllikelymarkthistectonic

shiftforfuturehistories.Considertheseeventstakingplace:

CHINAischoosingastrategyofpumpingupdomestic-ledeconomicgrowth,inco

ntrastwiththeInternationalMonetaryFund'spolicyofausterityandJapan*

sweakyan-and-exportpush.Bycuttinginterestrates,privatizinghousing,in

vitingforeigninvestment,andkeepingtherenminbistable,Beijingisincreas

ingdomesticdemandandgrowth.Certainly,Chinasharesmanyofthewoesaffli

ctingAsia-insolventbanks,laxregulatoryenforcement,andcorruption.Yetit

svigorinattackingtheseproblemsanditsdecisiontooptforastrongcurre

ncysetitapartandshowrealleadship.

Japan,incontrast,isstickinahermeticallysealedsociety.Despitetherhet

oricofreform,itspoliticalandbureaucraticelitesdenythereisanythingb

asicallywrongandrunthecountryasapensionstatefocusedonanagingpopu

lation.Problemsaredescribedasisolated,andsolutionstakeaninordinate

amountoftime.Sevenyearsintoaseverebankingcrisis,Tokyoisjustnowpa

ssinglegislationtocreateaResolutionTrustCorp.-typeunit.Meanwhile,the

unemploymentratesoarstonewrecords.Amongmen,whoconstitutemostofthe

laborforce,ithit4.3%inMay,Itisworsefortheyoung.Thejoblessrate

formen15to24yearsoldroseto8.4%

Foreigninvestmentshouldbepouringintoreinvigorategrowth,butlittleis

allowed.Mergersandacquisitionsshouldbeconsolidatingc