考研英语模拟268

[模拟]考研英语模拟268

多项选择

Aroundtheworldyoungpeoplearespendingunbelievablesumsofmoney

tolistentorockmusic.Forbesmagazineclaimsthat_1_leastfiftyrock

starshave_2_ofbetweentwomillionandsixmilliondollarsperyear.

Thosewholoverockmusicare_3—spendabouttwobillion

dollarsayearforrecords.Theypay110milliontoseerockstarsin_4_.

Someobserversthinkthecustomersarebuyingmorethanmusic.According

toone_5_,rockmusichasaspecial_6_becausenorealtrainingis

neededtoproduceit.Thereisno_7_betweentheaudienceandthe

performer.Everyboyandgirlintheaudience_8_,“Icouldsinglike

that”._9_rockhasbecomeanewkindof_10_,anewformofworship.

Youngpeoplearegladtopaytoworshiparockstarbecauseitisaway

ofworshipping_11_.

Howdotherockstarsusetheirmoney?Whatdotheydowhenthe

moneystarts_12_inlikewater?Mostoftheyoungstarsdon，tcareabout

moneytothe_13_wheretheysimplythrowthemoney_14_.Manyrockstars

livelikeGraceSlickandtheJeffersonAirplane.Thoseperformersreturn

froma_15_,paytheirbills,andbuynewtoys.Thenwhentheyneedmoney

again,theydo_16_tour.Theysavenomoney,buynostocks,andlive

from_17_tomouth.

Intheendtherockstar'slifeis_18_.Aftertwoorthree

yearsrichesandfamearegone.Leftwithhismemoriesandhistaxproblems,

the_19_ex-performerspendshisremainingyearstryingtoimpress

strangers.Newstarshavearrivedtotakehis_20_.

第1题：

A.anumberof

B.aminimumof

C.alargeamountsof

D.anequivalentof

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]本题测试词组，aminimumof等于atleasto

第2题：

A.revenues

i

B.salaries

C.wages

D.incomes

参考答案：D

答案解析：

[D]本题考查选项四词在意思上有区别。[A]revenues尤指国家的税收；

[B]salaries多指固定按月支付的薪水；[C]wages常指按周计算的工钱。故

[D]incomes(收入)比其他三个选项更为合适。

第3题：

A.likely

B.easy

C.probable

D.pleasant

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]本题考查词汇运用。只有belikelytodo……是符合语法的。

第4题：

A.individual

B.man

C.person

D.people

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]本题测试英语惯用法。inperson为一固定短语，意为“亲自”。

第5题：

A.principle

B.announcement

C.theory

D.declaration

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]上下文的意思，题空所需之词不可能指的是原理(principle)、通告

(announcement)或声明(declaration),只有一词符合逻辑。

第6题：

A.need

B.appeal

2

C.request

D.requirement

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]appeal用在题空处最能表达句意，即：摇滚乐具有特殊的吸引力。其他三

词用在此均不符合上下文逻辑。

第7题：

A.gulf

B.bay

C.strait

D.channel

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]gulf在表达“（两者之间）鸿沟”时，要与介词between搭配在一起。

第8题：

A.thought

B.think

C.thinks

D.thinking

参考答案：c

答案解析：

[C]从全文的时态上考虑，题空不能用过去时thought；thinking则不能在句

中单独作谓语动词；而由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有eve:ry一词时，要

用单数动词thinks,故think也是错的。

第9题：

A.For

B.But

C.Nevertheless

D.So

参考答案：D

答案解析：

：D]仅从上下文来分析，本句并不是为前文说明原因，也没有转折关系在内，

所以[B]、[A]、[C]三项均错。

第10题：

A.myth

B.religion

3

C.mystery

D.culture

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］摇滚乐是一种文化形式，不是新型文化，又因后面有worship,故选B。

第11题：

A.themselves

B.himself

C.herself

D.ourselves

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］本题考查反身代词的用法。在选词时，需注意该词的指代对象。从上下文

找不到与［B］、［C］、［D］三项产生照应关系的词语，而themselves显然是指句子

主语Youngpeople,故为正确的答案。

第12题：

A.moving

B.flying

C.pouring

D.dancing

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］不论从意思上还是从搭配关系上来分析，［A］、［B］、［D］三项都不是正确

的。只有在填空处填上pouring一词才能确切地表达“财源滚滚而来”之意。

第13题:

A.point

B.place

C.position

D.location

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］tothepointwhere是个固定结构,意为“到...程度”。

第14题：

A.off

B.around

C.down

4

D.out

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］本题考查英语惯用法。throwone's(the)moneyaround为一习惯表达法，

意为“乱花钱”。［A］、［C］、［D］三个选项虽然都能和动词throw搭配在一起构

成短语动词，但意思则完全不同。

第15题:

A.journey

B.trip

C.tour

D.travel

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］本题考查词汇在一定语境中的使用。tour一词有“巡回演出”的意思、，

用在此处最为合适，其他三个名词均无此含义，与上下文无直接联系。

第16题：

A.other

B.several

C.another

D.few

参考答案：C

答案解析：

［C］本题考查不定代词的用法。选项several和few两词后应接复数名词；

other后虽可接单数名词，但前面必须有the,any,some,no,every或形容词

性物主代词。所以，［A］、［B］、［D］均错，只有another一词才能直接与题空后

单数名词tour连用。

第17题:

A.hand

B.mouth

C.foot

D.arm

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］本题测试英语惯用法。fromhandtomouth为一习惯表达法，意为“均

用现挣现吃；仅够糊口；毫无积蓄”，常与动词live连用，题空所在句的大意

为:他们为过着做一日吃一日的生活。frommouthtomouth(口口相传，广泛流

传)虽然也是一种习惯表达法，但和live连用显然不合逻辑。

5

第18题：

A.priceless

B.valuable

C.invaluable

D.unrewarding

参考答案：D

答案解析：

[D]priceless,valuable和invaluable三词用来形容非常有价值的东西，

用在题空与处上下文意思不符。

第19题：

A.individual

B.single

C.lonely

D.alone

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]本题是考查形容词在意思和用法上的区别。individual意为“个人的，

个别的"；single意为“单一的，独身的”，这两个词用在题空处不合上下文

逻辑。alone意为“单独的”，只能用作表语，不能用作定语来修饰名词。所以

lonely(孤独的)最为合适。

第20题:

A.post

B.place

C.job

D.work

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]本句的大意为:新歌星出现，取代了老歌星。Takesb's/sth'splace(the

placeof...)的意思就是“代替…”。

多项选择

Formorethantwodecades,America，spublicschoolshavebeenexpected

tocuresociety，sdiscontents.Inthemid-fifties,wedemandedthatour

schoolscreateaharmonyamongracesthatexistednowhereelseinAmerican

life.Inthemid-sixties,whenouryoungwereengagedinarebellionthat

seemedtothreatenvirtuallyeveryidealweembracedasanation,we

insistedthattheschoolsrestoresocialorderandpreservethestatus

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quo.Inthemid-seventies,weinstructedourschoolstogoonestepfurther

tolookfirsttothewantsoftheindividual,tonurtureachild，s

discoveryofself,whileatthesametimedistractinghimfromhisattempts

toreducehisschooltorubble.

Clearly,thisprolongedandill-advisedefforttomakethe

educationsystemtheprincipaltoolforsocialchangehascontributedto

suchproblemsasthesharplyincreasedincidenceoffunctional

illiteracy.

Torehabilitateourschools,wemustlooktothehardrealities

ofwhyoursystemofpubliceducationisnotworkingandlearnfromthem.

Schoolsareaskedtodotoomuch.Racial,economic,andsexual

inequalities,poorparentingmalnutritioncrime,andalengthylistof

othersocialdisordersunquestionablyaffectanindividual'scapacityto

participateinsociety.Butwhileeducationcanenhancethestudents'

abilitytocopewith,andtochange,theconditionsoflifearoundthem,

itcannot,inandofitself,makethembetter.Inthrustingtheschools

totheforefrontofsocialchange,wehavedivertedtheirenergiesfrom

theirbasicpurpose-education.

Theissueofacculturationofethnicminoritiesprovidesacase

inpoint.Greateremphasishasbeenplacedonbilingualeducationmthe

publicschoolsasthenumberandvarietyofethnicminoritieshavegrown

inthenation.Weareinsistingboththattheschoolsimprovethewaythey

teachEnglish,sothatlanguageisremovedasabarriertolearningand

thattheyincreasethenumberofcoursestaughtinstudents，native

tongues,sothatthepaceoflearningbegunintheirhomelandscontinues

uninterrupted.Theconflictthatsuchdemandscreatecanbeseenin

Chicagowhereasaconditionof$90millioninaid,thefederalgovernment

extractedapledgethatthepublicschoolsofferbilingualcoursesin20

languages,fromArabictoVietnamese.

Whilewedonotyetknowwhataffectthestudyofmajorcourses

inanativelanguagehasonachild'sabilitytolearnEnglish,wemay

beallowedthesuspicionthatitwillproveascounterproductiveasit

sounds,Inadditiontheburdentheseextracoursesplaceontheschools

isobvious.

Oncewestopaskingtheschoolstodotoomuch,theycanget

onwithsolvingthemoreacuteproblemofperformingtheirbasictask一

thatofeducation一moreeffectively.

第21题：

Themainideatheauthorexpressinginthefirstparagraphisthat

A.America'spublicschoolsshouldrestoresocialorderandpreserve

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thestatusquowhentheyoungwereengagedinarebellion.

B.America'spublicschoolswereinstructedtogoonestepfurtherto

lookfirsttothewantsoftheindividual.

C・America'spublicschoolshadbeenexpectedtocuresociety，s

discontents.

D.Americanpublicschoolwasdemandedtocreateaharmonyamongraces

thatexistednowhereelseinAmericanlife.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

文章大意：社会要求美国学校治愈社会的种种不满意现状，把教育制度变成社会

变革的主要手段，这些使得学校偏离了教学这一基本目标，双语言教育加重了学

校负担。作者希望学校回归本位。【口第一段是总分结构，第一句话概括了整

段大意，而选项A,B,D分别是对C选项的补充说明。

第22题：

Theunderlinedphrase^statusquovinparagraph1,Line5,refersto.

A.situationorstateofaffairsasitisnow,orasitwasbeforea

recentchange

B.possessionthatisthoughttoshowsomebody'shighsocialrank,

wealth

C.person'ssocial,legalorprofessionalpositionorrankinrelation

toothers

D.figureofaperson,ananimal

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]"statusquo”的中文意思是指现状或原来的状况，即选项A；选项B是

ustatussymbol”的英文解释;选项C是“status”的英文解释;选项D是“statue”

的英文解释。

第23题：

Whatcausessuchproblemsasthesharplyincreasedincidenceoffunctional

illiteracy?

A.Becausepublicschoolsstopdoingtoomuchwhicharenottheirbasic

task.

B.BecausetherearetoomanyethicalminoritystudentsintheUnited

States.

C.Becausepublicschoolprovidebilingualeducation.

D.Becausepublicschooldiverttheirmostenergiesfromtheirbasic

purpose一education.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

8

[D]选项A,B,C都不是主要原因，第二段提到教育制度变成了社会变革的主

要手段，而这种持久且不明智的努力已引发了诸如半文盲剧增等一系列问题，第

四段说学校的大部分精力从教育这一基本任务上转移到了别处。

第24题：

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Publicschoolsareaskedtodealwithtoomanysocialproblemssuch

asracial,economic,andsexualinequalities.

B.Withthegrowthofnumberandvarietyofethnicminoritiesinthe

USA,thepublicschoolsofferbilingualeducation.

C.Thestudentsofethnicminoritiesaretaughtinnativetonguesin

ordertokeeptheiridentities.

D.Oncethepublicschoolstopdoingtoomuch,theycanperformtheir

basicpurpose一educationmoreeffectively.

参考答案：c

答案解析：

[C]选项A见第四段第一句；选项B见第五段第二句；选项D见最后一段；学

校主张用学生自己的母语授课，不是为了让他们保留自己的身份，而是便于学生

对他们在祖国开始的学习进度得以继续而不被打断。所以C是错的。

第25题:

Itissuspiciousthatthebilingualeducationwillproveas

A.satisfactory

B.counter-productive

C.beneficial

D.harmful

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]答案可在第六段最后一句中找到。

Scientificresearchmaybedividedintotheexploratorytypewhich

opensupnewterritory,anddevelopmentaltypewhichfollowsontheformer.

Theexploratorytypeisfreeandadventurous；occasionallyitgivesus

greatandperhapsunexpecteddiscoveries；oritmaygiveusnoresults

atall.

Developmentaltypeofresearchismoreoftencarriedonbythe

verymethodicaltypeofscientistwhoiscontenttoconsolidatethe

advances,tosearchoverthenewlywoncountryformoremodestdiscoveries,

andtoexploitfullythenewlygainedterritorybyputtingittouse.This

lattertypeofresearchissometimesspokenofas“pot-boiling"or"safety

first”research.

“Borderline“researchisresearchcarriedoninafieldwhere

9

twobranchesofsciencemeet.Thiscanbeveryproductiveinthehands

ofascientistwithasufficientlywidetrainingbecausehecanbothuse

andconnectupknowledgefromeachbranchofscience.Aquiteordinary

fact,principleortechniquefromonebranchofsciencemaybenoveland

fruitfulwhenappliedintheotherbranch.

Researchmaybedividedintodifferentlevelswhicharereached

successivelyasabranchofscienceorasubjectbecomesmoreadvanced.

Firstcomestheobservationaltypeofresearchcarriedoutbynaturalists

inthefieldorbyscientistswithsimilarmentalattributesinthe

laboratory.Graduallythecrudephenomenaandmaterialsbecomerefined

tomoreprecisebutmorerestrictedlaboratoryprocedures,andthese

ultimatelyarereducedtoexactphysicalandchemicalprocesses.Itis

almostapracticalimpossibilityforanyonetohaveaspecialistknowledge

ofmorethanalimitedfieldatonelevel.Thenaturalhistoriantype,

whoisnolessusefulthanhiscolleagues,owesmostofhissuccessto

hispowersofobservationandnaturalwitandoftenlacksthedepthof

basicscientificknowledgenecessarytodevelophisfindingstothefull.

Ontheotherhand,thespecialistinabasicsciencemaybetoofarremoved,

mentallyandphysically,fromphenomenaoccurringinnaturetobethe

equalofthenaturalhistoriantypeinstartingnewlinesofwork.

(352words)

1.exploratorytype探索型

2.methodicaltype条理型

3.phenomena［n.］现象

4.owe［vi.］欠账［同义］havedebts,haveunpaidbills

5.occurin发生在…［同义］happen,takeplace,comeabout

［听力原文］

参考译文

科研可分成开拓新领域的探索型科研和紧随其后的发展型科研。探索型是

自由的，充满冒险；有时它会带给我们巨大的或是意想不到的发现，有时会毫无

结果。发展型研究一般由有条理的科学家进行，他们乐于巩固既得成果，希望在

新近赢得的领域寻找更细微的发现，并将其投入使用，以充分利用这个新领域。

这后一种研究有时被称为“煮开水”或“安全第一”的研究。

边缘研究是对两个学科交叉地带的研究。对于拥训练有素的科学家而言，

这种研究会成果丰硕，因为他们可以利用、并将两个领域的知识联系在一起。当

一个科学分支的原理或技术应用到另一个分支时，结果可能很新奇、很丰硕，这

已成为一个公认的事实。

随着某一科学的分支或学科变得更先进，也可把研究分为几个层次、并依

次完成。首先是观察型的研究，它可以由野外工作的博物学家或实验室中具有相

10

似特质的科学家完成。然后这些原始现象和材料被逐渐提炼，变成精确的、但是

更为严格的实验程序。这一切最终被简化为确切的的物理或化学程序。要让一个

人掌握某个有限学科中一个以上层面的知识几乎是完全不可能的。那种博物学家

类型的人，虽然他不比他的同事的作用更大，他的成功在很大程度上归功于他良

好的观察力和自然天赋，但他往往缺乏有深度的、发展这些发现所必需的基础科

学知识。另一方面，一门基础科学的专家也许在脑力及体力方面都远离自然界中

所发生的现象，在这点上他不像博物学家类型的科学家那样具备开创新的研究方

向的能力。

第26题:

Theexploratorytypeofresearch

A.isessentiallyaprimarykindofpureresearch.

B.maybringaboutimportantandevensurprisingdiscoveries.

C.isusuallycarriedoutbyappliedscientists.

D.issometimesthoughtofas“safetyfirst”research.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

“Theexploratorytypeisfreeandadventurous；occasionallyitgivesus

greatandperhapsunexpecteddiscoveries；oritmaygiveusnoresults

atall."黑体部分提示了答案。

第27题：

“Borderline”research

A.isthecombinationofpureresearchandappliedresearch.

B.isanintermediateresearchbetweentheexploratorytypeand

developmentaltype.

C.notonlyopensupnewterritory,butalsoexploitsthenewlygained

territoryfully.

D.isakindofresearchconductedbyscientistsinafieldwheretwo

branchesofsciencecomeacross.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

“Borderline“researchisresearchcarriedoninafieldwheretwobranches

ofsciencemeet.本句即为答案。

第28题：

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorbelieveswhichofthe

followingaboutdifferentlevelsofscientificresearch?

A.Whenabranchofsciencebecomesmoreadvanced,itwillbecomemore

restrictedphysicalandchemicalresearch.

B.Thescientistscarryingouttheobservationaltypeofresearchin

thelaboratoryneverneedthementaltalentspossessedbynaturalists.

C.Aresearchworkerusuallyhasaspecialistknowledgeonlyina

11

limitedfieldatonelevel.

D.Theobservationaltypeofresearchcanonlybecarriedoutinthe

fieldbynaturalists.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

第三段指出“Itisalmostapracticalimpossibilityforanyonetohavea

specialistknowledgeofmorethanalimitedfieldatonelevel.”本句

也就是说“Aresearchworkerusuallyhasaspecialistknowledgeonlyin

alimitedfieldatonelevel.”

第29题:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningscientificresearchis

suggestedinthetext?

A.Thenaturalhistoriantypeislessusefulthanotherscientistsin

scientificresearchbecausehelacksthedepthofbasicscientific

knowledgenecessaryintheresearch.

B.Aspecialistinabasicsciencecandoequallywellinobserving

phenomenaoccurringinnature.

C.Thesuccessofascientistinscientificresearchdependsonhis

powersofobservationaswellashisnaturalintelligence.

D.Scientificresearchmaybedividedinseveraldifferentways.For

example,itcanbedividedintodifferentlevels,anditcanbedivided

intotheexploratorytypeanddevelopmentaltype.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

前两段把研究划分成了三类，即：explanatorytype,developmentaltype,

“borderline“research；第三段“Researchmaybedividedintodifferent

levelwhicharereachedsuccessivelyasabranchofscienceorasubject

becomesmoreadvancedv,这些都提示了答案。

第30题:

Thetextismainlyabout

A.theimportanceofscientificresearch.

B.howtoconductscientificresearch.

C.categorizingofscientificresearch.

D.thedefinitionof“scientificresearch”.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

本文主要介绍了scientificresearch的分类：exploratorytype及

developmentaltype,还有介于其间的“Borderline”researchoResearch还可

根据不同层次分为theobservationaltype>thenaturalhistoriantype等

12

等。

Mostpeoplewouldagreethat,althoughouragefarsurpassesall

previousagesinknowledge,therehasbeennocorrelativeincreasein

wisdom.Butagreementceasesassoonasweattempttodefine“wisdom”

andconsidermeansofpromotingit.Iwanttoaskfirstwhatwisdomis,

andthenwhatcanwedonetoreachit.

Thereare,Ithink,severalfactorsthatcontributetowisdom.

OftheseIshouldputfirstasenseofproportion；thecapacitytotake

accountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeach

itsdueweight.Thishasbecomemoredifficultthanitusedtobeowing

totheextentandcomplexityofthespecializedknowledgerequiredof

variouskindsoftechnicians.Suppose,forexample,thatyouareengaged

inresearchinscientificmedicine.Theworkisdifficultandislikely

toabsorbthewholeofyourintellectualenergy.Youhavenotimeto

considertheeffectwhichyoudiscoveriesorinventionsmayhaveoutside

thefieldofmedicine.Yousucceed(letussay),asmodernmedicinehas

succeeded,inenormouslyloweringtheinfantdeathrate,notonlyin

EuropeandAmerica,butalsoinAsiaandAfrica.This,hastheentirely

unintendedresultofmakingthefoodsupplyinadequateandloweringthe

standardoflifeinthemostpopulouspartsoftheworld.Totakeaneven

morespectacularexample,whichisineverybody，smindatthepresenttime:

youstudythecompositionoftheatomfromadisinteresteddesirefor

knowledge.Andincidentallyplaceinthehandsofpowerfullunaticsthe

meansofdestroyingthehumanrace.Insuchwaysthepursuitofknowledge

maybecomeharmfulunlessitiscombinedwithwisdom；andwisdominthe

senseofcomprehensivevisionisnotnecessarilypresentinspecialists

inthepursuitofknowledge.

Comprehensivenessalone,however,isnotenoughtoconstitute

wisdom.Theremustbe,also,acertainawarenessoftheendsofhumanlife.

Thismaybeillustratedbythestudyofhistory.Manyeminenthistorians

havedonemoreharmthangoodbecausetheyviewedfactsthroughthe

distortingmediumoftheirownpassions.Hegelhadaphilosophyofhistory

whichdidnotsufferfromanylackofcomprehensiveness.Sinceitstarted

fromtheearliesttimesandcontinuedintoanindefinitefuture.Butthe

chieflessonofhistorywhichhesoughttoinculcatewasthatfromthe

yearA.D.400downtohisowntimeGermanyhadbeenthemostimportant

nationandthestandard-bearerofprogressintheworld.Perhapsonecould

stretchthecomprehensivenessthatconstituteswisdomtoincludenotonly

intellectbutalsofeeling.Itisbynomeansuncommontofindmenwhose

knowledgeiswidebutwhosefeelingsarenarrow.SuchmenlackwhatIam

callingwisdom.

13

第31题：

Accordingtotheauthor,severalfactorsmentionedinthetextthat

contributeto"wisdom”EXCPET.

A.thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsina

problem

B.agoodknowledgeofhistory

C.comprehensiveknowledgeaswellaswidefeeling

D.thespecializedknowledge

参考答案：B

答案解析：

文章大意：作者对智慧下了新的定义，指出智慧不仅包括知识上的全面，也包括

情感上的宽容。［B］从文中第二段可找到答案,A,C,D都包含在智慧的范围

里，而在文中没提到B项是智慧的一个因素。

第32题：

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disinterested”meaninthesentence?

A.unbiased,notinfluencedbypersonalfeelingorinterests

B.notlike

C.unwilling,reluctant

D.giveafalseappearance

参考答案：A

答案解析：

[A]"disinterested"意为"公正不阿的，无偏见和私欲的"；“dislike”

意为“不喜欢，反感”；“disinclined”意为“不情愿，勉强”；“disguised”

意为“伪装，假扮”。

第33题:

Bysayingthat“wisdominthesenseofcomprehensivevisionisnot

necessarilypresentinspecialistsinthepursuitofknowledge”,the

authormeansthat

A.everyspecialistinthepursuitofknowledgehasthewisdominthe

senseofcomprehensive.

B.noteveryspecialistinthepursuitofknowledgehasthewisdomin

thesenseofcomprehensive.

C.nowspecialistswiththesenseofcomprehensivevisiondon，tpursuit

wisdom.

D.wisdominthesenseofcomprehensivevisionisakindofknowledge.

14

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]原句意为“并不是每个求知的专家人士都具有把握全局的智慧”。选项A,

C,D与原意不符。

第34题:

WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

A.Thesuccessofmodernmedicineincidentallyresultsinthefood

shortage.

B.Somescientificresearchesmaybecomeharmfuliftheyareinthe

handsofpowerfullunatics.

C.It，sveryusualtofindmenwhoseknowledgeiswidebutwhose

feelingsarenarrow.

D.Manyeminenthistorianshavedonemoreharmthangoodbecauseof

lackofcomprehensiveness.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

【D】A见第二段第七句，B见第二段第九句，C见第三段倒数第二句。许多历史

学家带给人们的是坏处多于好处，因为他们是透过个人情感看待史事，不是缺少

全面的知识。所以D错。

第35题：

Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthatHegelwasa

A.historian

B.philosopher

C.poet

D.writer

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]可从最后一段第五行找到答案。黑格尔是德国的著名哲学家。

TheerawhentheUnitedStatescould,asTeddyRooseveltadvised,walk

softlyandcarryabigstickislonggone.Soarethehalcyonpostwardays

whenAmericanbusinesshadsolittlecompetitioninworldmarketsthat

itscompaniescouldfattenthemselvesalmostatleisure,likegrazing

cattle.Andsoisthetimethen,withintheUnitedStates,awealthy,

powerful,whiteelitecouldusethestateandfederalgovernmentsto

managethecountryforitsownprivatebenefit.Americanshavebeen

struggling,oftenawkwardly,toadapttothoserealitiesformorethan

twentyyears.[1]Aswehaveseen,duringthe1990s,thetransformation

toaneworderwillatlastbegintotakehold.

Bytheyear2000,theUnitedStateswillbeawealthierandmore

15

tranquilnation.Itwillbemorepeacefulandlesscontentiouslargely

becausetechnologywillhavemadeitamoreaffluentandegalitarian

society.TheUnitedStateswillalsobeahappierplacebecauseitwill

finallyhaveadoptedrationalsolutionstosuchproblemsasdrugabuse

andfallingeducationalstandards.Asthetumultuoustwentiethcentury

yieldstothetwenty-first,wewilllivebetterinalmosteveryway.

Inarelativesense,theUnitedStatesmayalsobeamore

powerfulnationattheturnofcentury.Ifso,itwillhaveits.

competitorstothank.Inthe1990s,andformanyyearstocome,itsgreat

adversaries一Japan,inbusiness,andtheSovietUnion,inthesphereof

domesticaffairs-willhavenoalternativebuttofocustheirattention

onpressinginternalproblems.Totheextentthattheydoso,theywill

cedetoAmericananopportunitytoprosperandtowieldgreaterinfluence

inworldaffairs.Totheextentthattheydonot,theywillsteepentheir

owndecline,ultimatelygivingtheUnitedStatesevenmorefreedomfrom

competition.

Buttheworld，sgrowingeconomicandpoliticalinterdependence

willmeanthatAmericamustdefineitsleadershiproledifferentlyin

comingyears.Americanpoliticiansanddiplomatshavelongbeeninthe

habitofleadingbydictate,restrainedonlybytheneedtocurryfavor

withthevotersathome.Thatpolicywillnolongerworkintheworldof

2000.［2］Imperialleadershipwillhavetogivewaytocorporate

leadership,subjecttothevetoofanactive“boardofdirectors“ofthe

industrializedpowers.Butleadershipbycontentisleadership

nonetheless.Americawillwielditthroughoutthefirsthalfofthe

twenty-firstcentury,ifonlybecausenoothercountryenjoysthe

combinationofwealth,power,andprestigerequiredtodo.

(427words)

1.halcyon［a.］太平幸福的［例］thehalcyondaysofyouth青春的

好年华

2.tranquil［a・］安静的［同义］calm,still,quiet,serene,placid

3.egalitarian［a.］平等主义的

4.tumultuous