新教材高中英语UNIT6Nurturingnature单元达标检测含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE21UNIT6Nurturingnature单元达标检测第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain'shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,the400thanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文艺复兴)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJetfromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.TheBarajasairportis13kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosStationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock:5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1.WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A.On23March. B.On11May.C.On24June. D.On5October.2.WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.C.AirEuropa. D.BritishAirways.3.WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromtheBarajasairport?A.Takeataxi.B.Takeacitybus.C.TakeMetroline8.D.Taketheairportexpressbus.BWhenLiberiawasmyhome,theycalleditsweet.SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar.WhenIwasfive,myfather,twosistersandIfledfromMonrovia,thecapitalcityofLiberia,andheadednorthonfootamongthepanickymasses—ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子弹).Everydawn,mysistersandIjoinedmyfatherandcoveredthepagesofhissmalljournalwithwords.Myfavoritewordtowritewas“sweet”,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.Eventually,wewereconsideredtheluckyones:partofthewaveofrefugeeswholeftLiberiain1990tosettleinAmerica.MymotherstudiedatColumbiaUniversityatthetime,andwemadeournewhomeinherdormitorywhileawaitinghergraduation.MyfatherwholeftearlyinthemorningslookedforworkornewsofapossiblereturntoLiberia,onlytoreturnhomewithnothingtogiveusbutnewwordstowriteinnotebooks.HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.In2011,Ifoundedachildren'sbookpublishingcompany.Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(读写能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.MyhopeistogivechildrenthepeaceIwasgiventhroughthewordsofmyfather,byallowingthemtoseethemselvesinliterature.IalsothinkitisimportanttoprovidebooksaboutforeigncountriesforchildreninAmerica,toincreasetheoverallawarenessoftheworldoutsidethem.Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.4.Whatwastheauthor'sfamilylifelikeinLiberia?A.Frighteningbutpositive.B.Sweetandpeaceful.C.Comfortablebutboring.D.Adventurousandexciting.5.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sfatherfromParagraph2?A.Hewascrazyaboutreading.B.HeregrettedmovingtoAmerica.C.Heworkedhardtoraisehisfamily.D.Hetriedtoreceiveahighereducation.6.Whydidtheauthorfoundthepublishingcompany?A.Tomeetpoorchildren'sgrowingdemands.B.Toprovidemulticulturalbooksforchildren.C.Tosupportherfather'sbooksaboutLiberia.D.TohelpimmigrantsunderstandAmericanculture.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Herpityforherfather'ssuffering.B.Herthanksforherfather'sdevotion.C.Herprideinworkingforherpeople.D.HerdisappointmentatthelifeinLiberia.CTheworld'slargesticeberg,namedA68a,brokeawayfromAntarctica'sLarsenCIceShelfinJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated(漂浮)towardtheislandofSouthGeorgiainthesouthernAtlanticOcean.Satellitepicturesshowtheiceberghasremainedinonepiece.Itisabout150kilometerslongand48kilometerswide.ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.Rightnowisthetimeofyearwhensealsandpenguinsspendalotoftimecaringfortheiryoung.Thismeansthedistancethatparentshavetotraveltofindfoodisimportant.Scientistsfearthatiftheiceberghitstheisland,itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.Theyhavetogoaroundtheiceberg,oractuallygofurthertofindfood.Andthattimeisquiteimportantinthisparticularperiodoftheirlifecycle.Ecologistssayanicebergcrash(碰撞)wouldalsodisturbmaterialssettledontheseabed,possiblypollutingthesurroundingseas.Astheicebergmelts(融化),itwouldalsosendlargeamountsoffreshwaterintotheocean.Thiscouldaffectkrillpopulationsthatareamajorsourceoffoodfortheisland'swildlife.Besides,theicebergcouldremainfor10yearsandchangethearea'swholeecosystem.Ifsomerarespeciesfailinthisarea,theirnumbersgloballyaregoingtogodownquitesharply.Thebreaking-offoficebergsfromAntarcticaisanaturalprocess.Buttheprocessischangingwithclimatechange.Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheicebergA68a?A.Itwashitbyanothericebergandbrokeintopieces.B.Ithasbeenfloatingontheseaforlessthan2years.C.Itisnowmorethan500kmawayfromSouthGeorgia.D.Itcameintobeingbecauseofadropinwatertemperature.9.HowwilltheicebergprobablyinfluencethepenguinsandsealsinSouthGeorgia?A.Bybringingotherwildlifethere.B.Byslowingdowntheirlifecycle.C.Bycuttingofftheirwaystoeatingareas.D.Bymakingtheweathercompletelydifferent.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thetimeperiodanicebergcouldremain.B.Thepossibleinfluenceofanicebergcrash.C.Thepossiblereasonforthefailureofrarespecies.D.Thefreshwateranicebergcouldproduce.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Floatingicebergswillbemorecommon.B.Theicebergwillsoonbreakupandmelt.C.Icebergshavenothingtodowithclimate.D.Officialshaveplannedtodirecttheiceberg.DAspeoplegetolder,thetypesandnumbersoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavelargegroupsoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positiveindividuals.Researcherslongbelievedthatthisagingattractiontowardmeaningfulrelationshipswasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies.Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpsbetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpsbecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimps.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeesshareasimilarpatternofsocialagingwithhumans.Rosatisays,“Theypreferstrong,mutualsocialbondsandinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.”Theolderchimpanzeespreferredspendingmoretimewithchimpsthattheyhadbecomefriendswithovertheyears.Theywouldsitclosetotheselong-timecompanionsandgroom(梳毛)eachother.Bycontrast,youngerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn'treturned.Oldermalechimpswerealsomorelikelytospendmoretimealone.Theresearcherssaidthattheyshowedashiftfromnegativeinteractionstomorepositiveones,preferringtospendtheirlateryearsinnon-confrontational(非对抗性的),positiverelationships.Researcherscallthepreferencea“positivitybias”.Researcherstheorizethatchimps,likehumans,areabletochangetheirsocialfocusastheyage.“Weproposethatthisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestoregulateouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”12.Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutchimps?A.Malechimpsshowmoreinteractionsthanfem-ales.B.Oldchimpsdon'tcareaboutfriendsasmuchasyoungones.C.Chimpsconcentratemoreonmeaningfulrelat-ionswithage.D.Chimpsshareagingproblemssimilartohumanbeings.13.HowdidRosatiandhercolleaguesconducttheirresearch?A.Bystudyingthedataprovidedbyotherresearchers.B.Bymakingscientificinvestigationsandobservations.C.Bysettingupmodelsonthecomputerinthelab.D.Bymonitoringboththehumans'andchimps'behavior.14.Whatdoresearchersthinkcausesthisagingattractiontomeaningfulrelationships?A.Inabilitytoregulateemotions.B.Eagernesstobuildcloserrelationships.C.Lossofcompetitivenessinstrength.D.Failuretoadapttothechangeablesurroundings.15.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Ashortstorycollection.B.Apopularsciencemagazine.C.Agraduateresearchpaper.D.Abiologytextbook.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Goinggreenisagreatwaytoreduceyourenvironmentalfootprintandhelptheplanet.Beinggreenisallaboutreducinghowmanyresourcesyouuse,reusingitemswhenyoucan,andrecyclingitemsthatcan'tbereused.16.

●Carryareusablewaterbottlesoyouwillnotneedbottledwater.17.Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalsousesmoreresourcesbecauseit'sshippedtothestore.Tobemoreeco-friendly,makeitahabittocarryareusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwaterontheway.Plasticbottlesareusuallythelightestandmostconvenient.

●Usereusablebagswhileyou'reshopping.Shoppingbagsmakeiteasytocarryyouritemshome,buttheyalsopollutetheplanet.Skipthestore'sshoppingbagsandbringyourowninstead.Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.18.

●19.

Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,lookforwaysyoumightreuseit.Tryrepurposingitemsormakinggreenhandicrafts.Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.Forexample,insteadofthrowingawayajar,youmightuseitasaglass,vaseorstoragecontainer.●Reducetheamountoftimeyouspendusingelectronics.Whileelectronicsarereallyfunandhelpyoufeelconnectedtoyourfriends,theyalsouseupalotofenergy.Schedulebreaksfromyourelectronicssoyoucanusethemless.Duringyourbreaks,dosomethingfunlikegoingforawalk,playingagamewithyourfriends,orpursuingahobby.20.Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.

A.GlassbottleshavecomealongwayinrecentyearsB.ReuseitemstosavethemfromthelandfillC.YoucanuseyourreusablebagsatmoststoresD.BottledwaterisreallybadfortheenvironmentE.YouprobablyneedtochangeyourpersonalhabitsF.InviteyourfriendtoconnectwithyouinreallifeG.Youcanfindideasforgreencraftsbysearchingonline9.20.

第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit.WhenIwas13,myparentstookmethereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoElCapitan,a21rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew22Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince—23therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I'velongmadeYosemitemyhome.

About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof24,liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.Itwasbeyondmewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplacelessandtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.

Itried25trash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater.Finally,Igotso26itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.

Asarockclimbingguide,Iknew27aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora28.Onthatday,morethan300people29.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto30.Icouldn'tbelievethe31wemade—theparklookedclean!

Eachyearvolunteerscomefortheclean-upfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand32132milesofroadway.

Ioftenhearpeople33abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby34themratherthanbycomplaining.Weneedtoleadby35.Youcan'tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.

21.A.distant B.looseC.narrow D.huge22.A.immediately B.finallyC.gradually D.recently23.A.imagining B.paintingC.describing D.climbing24.A.materials B.resourcesC.wastes D.goods25.A.throwingaway B.pickingupC.breakingdown D.diggingout26.A.satisfiedwith B.delightedatC.tiredof D.usedto27.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing28.A.party B.clean-upC.picnic D.concert29.A.droppedout B.showedupC.lookedaround D.calledback30.A.demand B.receiveC.achieve D.overcome31.A.plan B.visitC.contact D.difference32.A.crossed B.measuredC.covered D.designed33.A.complain B.talkC.argue D.quarrel34.A.doing B.thinkingaboutC.questioning D.watching35.A.method B.explanationC.example D.research第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afewyearsago,afteralongmorningofsightseeinginNewYork,mychildrenandItookarestonaparkbenchinCentralPark.“Look!”mysonsaid,36(point)toanearbyrubbishbin.That'swhenwesawourfirstraccoon(浣熊).Quiteathomeinthebigcity,hepaidusnoattention,concentratingonlyonfindinga37(taste)lunch.Hesearchedthroughafewoptionsbeforecomingoutwithawrappedsandwich38(hold)betweenhispaws.

39(surprise),ratherthanrunaway,hejumpeddownandwalkedcasuallytoaspotonthepath,notametrefrom40wesat.Thechildrenwerespellbound,theraccoonprovidingbetter41(entertain)thananymuseum.Heglancedatus,perhapscheckingtosee42wewereabouttostealhislunch.

43delicatefingers,hepeeledbackthelayersofplasticwrapuntilthehalf-eatensandwich44(uncover).

Thenhesurprisedusall.Insteadofstartinghisfood,heturnedtoanearbypoolofwaterand45(dip)hispawsin.Withacasualair,herubbedhispawstogetherunderwaterforamoment,brushedhisfur,thenstartedgracefullypickingathismeal.

9.40.

4.45.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你校英语戏剧社正在招募新成员,请根据以下提示,用英文给负责人Mr.Smith写一封电子邮件,申请加入。内容包括:1.申请理由;2.个人优势;3.表达愿望。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearMr.Smith,

Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnMarch16,2020myleftlegwasinjured.Atthattime,Ithoughtitwasasimpleinjury,butamedicaldoctorlatertoldmethatitwasaseriousfracture(骨折)andthatIwouldhavetobeinbedforthreemonths.Itwasshockingforme.I'dneverspentmorethan8hoursinbedbefore.Iamafull-timesocialworkerandhavemanyprojectsthatrequiremyactiveinvolvement(参加).Ihardlyhadtimetovisitmyhome,butmyfracturedlegstoppedallthings.Ihadtostayathomeforalongtime.Itwasbadandalsogood.Itstoppedallmywork,butitalsogavemeanopportunitytospendtimewithmyselfandmyfamily.Iwassadandworried.HowwouldIspendthreemonthsinbed?Whowouldcareforme?Earlyinmyinjuryandbeforemyoperation,oneofmyfriendsofferedhisroominarentedhouse.Iwasgratefulforhiskindsupport.Hedidallthingsforme.Ididn'thaveanyotherchoices.IrealizedinmymindthatIshouldbepositiveandchangemylifestyleaccordingtothesituation.Itwasnotsosimpleoreasy.Ineededtobemorefocusedandcalm.Ibegantopracticethinkingalone,readbooks,createmorepoemsandtalkwithfriends.Thereweresomanyupsanddownsinmyconfidence.Somanytimesnegativethoughtsbotheredme.Ifeltverysad,butIoftengotsupportfrommyfamilyandfriends.Duringthisdifficultperiod,lotsofgoodthingsalsohappenedtome.IspentsomuchtimewithmyselfthatIhadplentyofopportunitiestoreadsomegoodbooksandimprovemyself,whilereceivinggoodcarefrommyfriendsandfamily.Aftertheoperationonmyleg,IrealizedIneededadditionalcaretorecover,soIhadtostayatKindnessHome,nearmyfamily.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Paragraph1:IdecidedtoorganizeareadinggrouptopassthetimeatKindnessHome.

Paragraph2:Themembersofourreadinggroupalsocaredaboutotherpatients.

单元达标检测1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.B8.C9.C10.B11.A12.C13.B14.C15.B16.E17.D18.C19.B20.F21.D22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.C33.A34.A35.C第一部分阅读第一节A◎语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。在西班牙首都马德里要举办名人作品展览,文章就两个方面向我们展示了这次展览会的详细信息。1.B细节理解题。根据第一部分第二段中的Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.可知这次展览持续到11May,即5月11日结束。2.B细节理解题。根据第二部分第一段中的RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.可以得出,从曼彻斯特起飞的是Ryanair。3.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.可以看出,乘坐出租车花费的时间是机场快速巴士的一半,即20分钟,而乘坐地铁花费的时间是30分钟,因此可以推断出乘坐出租车最快到达。【高频词汇】1.slightadj.轻微的;不足道的2.attractiveadj.吸引人的3.rangen.范围;区间4.combinev.合并;协力5.frequentadj.频繁的B◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了战争期间作者一家离开利比里亚,跟随父亲到美国等待母亲毕业,父亲在美国不辞辛苦养家。而后作者在2011年创办了一家儿童图书出版公司,并决心报答父亲为她们作出的牺牲。4.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar...ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子弹)...Myfavoritewordtowritewas‘sweet’,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.”可知,作者一家在利比里亚的生活令人害怕但积极。B项“甜蜜且平和”、C项“舒适但无聊”以及D项“冒险和刺激”与文章对作者的生活状况描述不符。故选A项。5.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.”可知,作者的父亲努力工作来养家。A、B两项在该段中并未提及。该段中提及“HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.(他很快发现自己在利比里亚接受的教育不足以胜任美国的工程工作。)”但是他并没有继续深造,因此D项错误。故选C项。6.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(读写能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.”可知,作者创立儿童图书出版公司是为了给孩子们提供多元文化的书籍。故选B项。7.B主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld”可知,作者对父亲为之奋斗的教育表示尊重,并以艺术回馈社会,所以作者在最后一段想表达她对她父亲所做牺牲的感谢。此题容易误选A项“她对她父亲所受苦难的同情”。通过该段第一句话“Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.”可以看出,父亲做出了很多牺牲,但作者在此并不是表达她对父亲所受苦难的同情,字里行间流露出她对父亲的感谢,所以A项错误。C项“她为自己为人民工作而感到自豪”和D项“她对利比里亚生活的失望”均与文意不符。故选B项。【高频词汇】1.panickyadj.恐慌的2.abandonmentn.抛弃3.refugeen.难民4.relevantadj.相关的5.sacrificen.牺牲长难句分析原句Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.分析该句是一个主从复合句。句中bydoing结构表示“通过做某事”。第一个and连接honoring...和offering...,第二个and连接withstories...和withwords...。定语从句thatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive修饰stories,动词不定式toliveby作定语修饰words。句意我用使我的人民的历史鲜活起来的故事和以此为生的文字来报答他的牺牲,以他为之奋斗的教育为荣,并将我的艺术奉献给这个世界。C◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。世界上最大的冰山A68a正向南乔治亚岛漂移,估计30天后会撞上这个海岛。如果发生撞击,将对当地的企鹅和海豹等野生动物构成严重威胁。8.C推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.”可知,A68a冰山每小时行进1公里,估计30天后会撞上南乔治亚岛,那么现在两者间的距离应该是720公里左右。故选C。A项“它被另一座冰山撞碎”,D项“它是由于水温降低而形成的”,文中未提及;B项“它在海上漂浮了不超过两年”,由第一段中的“Theworld'slargesticeberg...inJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated...”可知B项中的forlessthan2years表述不对。9.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.”可知,冰山可能会阻止企鹅和海豹到达食物供应区,它们不得不走更远。故选C。10.B主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了冰山撞击海岛后可能对海底的物质、海中的磷虾,以及一些稀有物种造成的影响。故选B。A项“冰山可能继续存在的时间段”;C项“稀有物种无法存活的可能原因”;D项“冰山可以产生的淡水”。11.A细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、四句“Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.”可知,冰山从南极洲脱离的速度在增加,在未来,这有可能会成为普遍的事情。故选A。需要注意的是B、D两项容易错选,文中说的是官员们希望不断变化的天气模式能将冰山导向公海,最后在那里它可以破碎、融化。【高频词汇】1.breakawayfrom脱离;逃脱2.spendsometime(in)doingsth.花时间做某事3.carefor照顾4.prevent...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事5.disturbv.搅乱;弄乱;妨碍;打扰;干扰6.largeamountsof大量的7.intime最后;及时8.breakup破碎;结束9.cutoff切断长难句分析原句Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.分析本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句,其中关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词theopenocean。句意现在,官员们希望不断变化的天气模式可以引领冰山出来进入公海中,在那里,它最终将破碎并融化。D◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黑猩猩在步入晚年时期时与人类相似,在社交中往往会更倾向于积极且有意义的关系。12.C推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是最后一句中的“butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies”可知,当人渐渐老去时,在社交中会倾向于更积极的关系,黑猩猩也有相似的趋势。由此可推知,随着年龄的增长,黑猩猩会更专注于有意义的关系。故选C项。13.B推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句“Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.”可推知,Rosati和她的同事们是通过科学调查和观察黑猩猩来进行研究的。A项“通过研究其他研究人员提供的数据”、C项“通过在实验室的计算机上建立模型”以及D项“通过监测人类和黑猩猩的行为”与文意不符。故选B项。14.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumans...losecompetitivefightingability.”可推知,他们这样选择的原因是他们在力量上失去了竞争力。A项“无法调节情绪”、B项“渴望建立更亲密的关系”以及D项“无法适应多变的环境”与文意不符。故选C项。15.B推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文从较为专业的角度介绍了黑猩猩和人类的相似性,即在年岁渐老时会选择积极且更有意义的社交关系,所以本文应来自大众科学杂志。故选B项。【高频词汇】1.uniqueadj.独特的2.tendencyn.倾向3.interactionn.互动4.bondn.纽带;关系5.bycontrast相比之下6.competitiveadj.具有竞争性的长难句分析原句Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.分析该句是一个主从复合句。该句的主语为pattern,被过去分词shared修饰。定语从句whereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationships修饰response;定语从句thatprovidebenefits修饰relationships;定语从句thathavenegativeconsequences修饰interactions;第二个and连接focus和avoid;astheylosecompetitivefightingability是一个原因状语从句。句意黑猩猩和人类之间的这种共同模式可能代表了一种适应性反应,即老年人关注于能带来好处的重要社会关系,避免有负面后果的互动,因为他们失去了竞争的战斗能力。第二节◎语篇解读这是一篇说明文。环保就是减少你使用的资源,尽可能地重复利用物品,回收那些不能重复利用的物品。作者主要介绍了四点有助于环保的个人习惯。16.E本句为第一段最后一句,起到承上启下的作用。下文主要介绍了一些环保的个人习惯,故E选项“你可能需要改变你的个人习惯。”符合语境。故选E。17.D结合后文Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalso...andmostconvenient.可知本段建议随身带着可重复使用的水瓶,而不要买会产生垃圾和消耗资源的瓶装水。故D选项“瓶装水真的对环境有害。”符合语境。故选D。18.C结合上文Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.可知是在建议使用自己已经拥有的袋子,本句承接上文说明这些能重复使用的袋子的用途。故C选项“你可以在大多数商店使用你的可重复利用的袋子。”符合语境。故选C。19.B本句为本段小标题,根据其他三个标题的句式特点——都是祈使句,再结合下文中的Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.中的landfill可对应到B选项中的fromthelandfill,由此可知,B选项“重复利用物品,把它们从垃圾填埋场中拯救出来。”符合语境。故选B。20.F结合下文Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.可知是在建议和朋友在现实生活中一起玩耍,而不是在网上。故F选项“邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。”符合语境。故选F。【高频词汇】1.skipvt.&vi.跳过vt.不做,不参加2.purchasevt.&n.购买3.landfilln.废物填埋地4.pursuevt.追求第二部分语言运用第一节◎语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到公园里有大量的垃圾时,开始是作者自己捡垃圾,后来作者组织大家捡垃圾。作者借此告诉我们:改变事情的方法是动手去做,而不是抱怨。21.D由空后的3,300feet和下文中的thatgiantrock可知,这块岩石很大。distant遥远的;loose松的;narrow狭窄的;huge巨大的。22.A根据下文Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince可知,从那以后,那是作者一生的钟爱。所以immediately用在这里表示作者立即知道自己想要攀登这块巨石,表达了作者对这块巨石以及攀岩的喜爱。immediately立即;finally最终;gradually逐渐地;recently最近。23.D由上文中的climb可知,此处为原词再现,说明作者酷爱攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉。24.C由空后的liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes可知,这些属于垃圾。25.B由空后的trash可知,此处是指“捡”垃圾。throwaway扔掉;pickup捡起,拾起;breakdown出故障;digout挖出。26.C由上文中的onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater可知,几周后作者发现这个地方又到处都是垃圾了,因此,作者厌倦了。besatisfiedwith对……满意;bedelightedat因……而高兴;betiredof厌倦……;beusedtosth.习惯于某事。27.D由上文可知,作者是一名攀岩向导,由下文中的But及语境和常识可知,此处表示作者对组织任何重大活动一无所知。something某事;anything任何事情;everything每件事;nothing没有什么。28.B由下一段中的comefortheclean-up可知,作者和其他登山者定下了一个清理日。clean-up清理,清扫。29.B由语境可知此处指“出现”。dropout退出,辍学;showup出现;lookaround环顾;callback回电话。30.C由上文Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.可知,三天里他们捡了大约6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者对于他们的成功感到惊讶。demand要求;receive接受;achieve成功;overcome克服。31.D由下文theparklookedclean可知,作者简直不敢相信他们所造成的影响。32.C由空后的132milesofroad