常用英语医学名词

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载内分泌/代谢性系统疾病症状多尿 polyuria [ˌpɔliˈjuri]多饮/烦渴polydipsia[ˌpɔliˈdipsi]心悸 palpitation [pælpiˈteiʃ()n]气短 shortofbreath皮肤潮湿moistskin紧张nervous焦虑uneasy /anxiety好动restless强直spasticityspastic;抽搐 twitch/tic常见诊断尿崩症diabetesinsipidus[ˌdaiˈbi:ti:z]甲亢甲减hyperthyroidismhypothyroidism[haipˈθairɔidiz()m]糖尿病diabetesmellitus [ˈmelits]糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabeticketoacidosis DKA [ˌki:tuˌæsiˈdusis]高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷hyperosmolarnonketoticdiabeticcoma低血糖症hypoglycemia[ˌhaipuɡlaiˈsi:mi]低钠血症hyponatremia高钠血症hypernatremia[ˌhaipnˈtri:mi]低钾血症hypokalemia[ˌhaipukˈli:mj]高钾血症hyperkalemia[ˌhaipkˈli:mi]代谢性酸中毒metabolicacidosis[ˌmetˈbɔlik][ˌæsiˈdusis]代谢性碱中毒metabolicalkalosis[ˌælkˈlusis]呼吸性酸中毒respiratoryacidosis呼吸性碱中毒respiratoryalkalosis痛风gout[ɡu:]系统性红斑狼疮systemiclupuserythematosusSLE[ˈlu:ps]皮肌炎dermatomyositisDM[ˌd:mtˌmaiˈsaitis]系统性硬化病systemicsclerosisSSc硬皮病气管插管/切开记录Endotrachealintubation[ˌenduˌtrˈkil]气管插管（术）trachealcannula [ˈkænjul]气管插管（强调管子）Tracheotomy[ˌtrækiˈɔt气管切开mechanical机械通气[miˈkæniksedate[siˈdeit]镇静动词SedativeDrugs镇静药物Dopamine[ˈdup多巴胺Noradrenalin[ˌnɔ:rˈdrenSuctionmachine吸痰器Suck 吸动词Sputum[ˈspju:t痰noninvasivemechanicalventilation无创机械通气[ˌnɔninˈveisiv]Weperformendotrachealintubation/tracheotomyandapplymechanical行气管插管切开，进行机械通气Weuse升压药物toraisebloodpressureand镇静药物tosedatethepatient神经系统症状瞳孔pupil发绀cyanosis发绀的cyanosed[ˈsainust]头昏dizzyness头晕的dazed [deizd]头痛headache抽搐convulsion[knˈvʌlʃən]眩晕vertigo[ˈv:tiɡu]眩晕的vertiginous[v:ˈtidʒins]晕厥昏迷syncopecoma[ˈsiŋkpi]晕厥的syncopal[ˈsiŋkpl]昏睡 stupor昏睡的stuporous[ˈstju:prs]意识模糊 confusion嗜睡 somnolence [ˈsɔmnlns]嗜睡的somnolent[ˈsɔmnlnt]谵妄（状态）delirium state [diˈlirim]delirious[diˈliris]恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting感觉异常 paresthesia [ˌpærisˈθi:ʒi]放射性疼痛radiatingpain牵涉性疼痛referredpain不自主运动involuntarymovements [inˈvɔlntri]瘫痪 paralysis [pˈrælisis]偏瘫hemiplegia[ˌhemiˈpli:dʒi]截瘫 paraplegia [ˌpærˈpli:dʒi]肌张力增高hypermyotonia[ˌhaipˌmaiˈtuni]口角歪斜theangleofthemouthisdrooping[ˈdru:piŋ]协调运动障碍incoordination言语障碍dysphonia[disˈfuni感觉障碍 sensedisorder视力障碍 Visiondisorder脑脊液cerebrospinalfluidCSF[ˌseribruˈspainl]110-200ML腰椎穿刺lumbarpuncture电子计算机体层扫描computerized磁共振成像magneticresonance脑电图 electroencephalograpEG诊断脑血管疾病cerebrovasculardiseaseCVD短暂性脑缺血发作transientischemic脑梗死 cerebral脑血栓形成cerebral腔隙性梗死lacunarinfarct脑栓塞 cerebralembolism脑出血 intracerebralhemorrhageICH蛛网膜下腔出血 subarachnoid高血压脑病 hypertensionencephalopathy[enseflpθi]消化系统疾病症状恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting吞咽困难dysphagia[difseidi]打嗝eructatio:rktein]反酸acidregurgitatinritein,ri:ɡ:ditein]食欲不振Lackofappeippetenc[ipitabdominaldistention腹痛abdominalpain腹泻 便秘constipatinnstpein]里急后重rectaltenesmuzm黄疸 jaundice呕血 hematemesis便血 hematochezia黑便 melena生长抑素 somatostatin[sumtusttin奥曲肽 octreotide双囊三腔管 doublecapsulethree-cavitytube常见诊断上消化道出血 uppergastrointestinalhemorrtruintest下消化道出血 lowergastrointestinalhemorrhage食管癌 carcinomaoftheesophagu[kɑ:snum][i()fɡs]急/慢性胃炎 acute/chronicgastritis消化性溃疡 pepticulcer胃溃疡 gastriculcer GU十二指肠溃疡 duodenalulcer DU胃癌 gastriccarcinoma肠结核intestinaltuberculosis[tju:ˌb:kjuˈlusis]结核性腹膜炎tuberculousperitonitis[ˌperitˈnaitis]克罗恩病disease,CD直肠癌colorectalcarcinoma[ˌkulˈrektl]酒精性肝病 alcoholicliverdisease肝硬化 hepaticcirrhosis [hiˈpætik][siˈrusis]原发性肝癌 primarycarcinomaoftheliver肝性脑病 hepaticencephalopathy HE [enˌsefˈlɔpθi]肝性昏迷 hepaticcoma重症急性胰腺炎severeacutepancreatitis SAP [ˌpæŋkriˈtaitis]胰腺癌 carcinomaofpancreas [ˈpæŋkris]血液系统疾病症状贫血 anemia [ˈni:mi]头昏 dizzyness头痛 headache眩晕 vertigo晕厥 syncope乏力 weak萎靡cachexia[kˈkeksi]言语不清的alalic[ˈleilik]发热 fever耳鸣tinnitus[tiˈnaits]adrummingintheears眼花blurredvision记忆力减退deteriorationofthememory[diˌtiriˈreiʃən]苍白 pallor皮下出血 subcutaneoushemorrhage牙龈出血gingivalhamorrhage[dʒinˈdʒaivl]鼻出血rhinorrhagia[rainˈreidʒi]淋巴结肿大lymphadenectasis瘀点petechia<2mm紫癜purpura3-5mm瘀斑昏迷昏睡意识模糊ecchymosiscomastuporconfusion>5mm嗜睡somnolence谵妄 delirium意识障碍disturbanceofconsciousness常见诊断重度贫血severeanemia缺铁性贫血 irondeficientanemia再生障碍性贫血 aplasticanemia溶血性贫血 hemolyticanemia白细胞减少 leukopenia粒细胞缺乏症 agranulocytosis [æˌɡrænjulusaiˈtusis]白血病 leukemia [lju:ˈki:mi]急性淋巴细胞白血病acutelymphoblasticleukemia，ALL [ˌlimfuˈblæstik]急性非淋巴细胞白血病acutenonlymphoblasticleukemia，ANLL慢性粒细胞白血病 chronicmyeloid（慢粒）[ˈmaiˌlɔid]慢性淋巴细胞白血病chroniclymphoblastic慢急性白血病 acuteleukopenia AL淋巴瘤 lymphoma [limˈfum]霍奇金淋巴瘤 Hodgkinlymphoma，HL非霍奇金淋巴瘤 nonHodgkinlymphoma，NHL多发性骨髓瘤 multiplemyeloma MM [ˌmaiˈlum]脾功能亢进 hypersplenism血管性紫癜 vascularpurpura [ˈp:pjur]过敏性紫癜 allergicpurpura [ˈl:dʒik]特发性血小板减少性紫癜idiopathicthrombocytopenicpurpura ，ITP [ˌidiˈpæθik]血友病 hemophilia [ˌhi:mˈfili]弥散性血管内凝血disseminatedintravascularcoagulation，DIC [kuˌæɡjuˈleiʃən]泌尿系统疾病症状蛋白尿albuminuria[ælˌbju:miˈnjuri]血尿hematuria[ˌhi:mˈtjuri]乏力hypodynamia[ˌhaipudaiˈnæmj]/easyfatigabil.ity疲倦fatigued腰痛lumbago[lʌmˈbeiɡu]纳差anorexia[ˌænˈreksi没有胃,厌水肿 edema [i(:)ˈdi:m]尿频 frequentmicturition尿急 urgentmicturition尿痛 odynuria血尿 hematuria少尿 oliguria多尿 polyuria恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting腹胀abdominaldistention腹泻 diarrhea皮肤瘙痒Itchofskin血液透析hemodialysis[ˌhi:mudaiˈælisis]血液灌洗Hemoperfusion血浆置换术Plasmapheresis[ˌplæzmˈfersis]连续性肾脏替代治疗 continuousrenalreplacementtherapy，CRRT腹膜透析peritonealdialysis，PD [daiˈælisis]利尿剂hydragogue[ˈhaidrɡɔɡ]常见诊断急性肾功能衰竭 acuterenalfailure，ARF慢性肾功能衰竭 chronicrenalfailure ，CRF急性肾小球肾炎acuteglomerulonephritis[ɡluˌmerjuˌlunefˈraitis]慢性肾小球肾炎 chronicglomerulonephritis急进性肾小球肾炎rapidlyprogressiveglomerulonephritis肾病综合症nephrotic syndrome，NS [neˈfrɔtik]尿路感染 urinarytractinfection [ˈjurinri]肾动脉栓塞 renalarteryembolism呼吸系统疾病症状咳嗽 cough咳痰 expectoration咳血 hemoptysis气紧 shortofbreath胸痛 chestpain常见诊断急性上呼吸道感染acuteupperrespiratorytractinfection肺炎 pneumonia肺曲霉病 pulmonaryaspergillosis肺脓肿 lungabscess肺结核 pulmonarytuberculosis慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,COPD支气管哮喘 bronchialasthma肺栓塞 pulmonaryembolism ,PE肺源性心脏病 corpulmonale简称肺心病慢性肺源性心脏病chronicpulmonaryheartdisease间质性肺疾病 interstitiallungdisease结节病 sarcoidosis胸腔积液 pleuraleffusions气胸 pneumothorax肺癌 lungcancer睡眠呼吸暂停综合症sleepapneasyndrome,SAS呼吸衰竭 respiratoryfailure急性呼吸窘迫综合症actuerespiratorydiseasesyndrome,ARDS肺部感染 pulmonaryinfectionII型呼衰Type II respiratoryfailure创伤及意外伤害症状呼吸困难 dyspnea[disˈpni:]发绀 cyanosis[ˌsaiˈnusis]发绀的cyanosed[sainust]头昏 dizzyness 头晕的dazed [deizd]头痛 headache眩晕 vertigo :tiɡu]眩晕的vertiginous[v:tidʒins]晕厥 syncope [siŋkpi]晕厥的syncopal[siŋkpl]昏迷 coma昏睡 stupor昏睡的stuporous[stju:prs]意识模糊 confusion嗜睡 somnolence [sɔmnlns]嗜睡的somnolent[sɔmnlnt]谵妄 delirium [dilirim]delirious[diliris]恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting清创缝合术debridement [di’braidmnt]胸腔闭式引流术Closedthoracicdrainage[θɔ(:)ræsik][dreinidʒ]胸腔闭式引流管Closedthoracicdrainagetube引流管drainagetube止血（法）hemostasissis]包扎tieup固定 fix休克体位 shockposition患肢affectedlimb抬高患肢raise/elevateaffectedlimb创伤 trauma [trɔ:m]创伤复合伤combinedinjury放射复合伤combinedradiationinjury闭合伤 closedinjuryCompressionsyndrome挤压伤 crushCompressionsyndrome挤压综合症挫伤 contusion扭伤 sprain震荡伤 concussion [knkʌs]开放伤 openedinjury擦伤 abrasion [breiʒən]撕裂伤 laceration [læs车祸伤caraccidentinjury高坠伤highfallinjury失血性休克hemorrhagicshock感染性休克infectiveshock清洁伤口 cleaningwound污染伤口contaminated感染伤口 infectedwound烧伤 burn化学烧伤 chemicalburn冷冻伤 cold电击伤electricinjury蜂蛰伤 beestingThepatientwasconscious(清醒的)/unconscious)/comatose(昏迷的)/fidgety(烦躁withprofuseperspiration(大汗淋漓)/tachypnea(呼吸急促)/breathingquickly(呼吸急促),complainingof(主诉)+病员所诉，examinationhintsthat:+查体检查到的情况。Thepatienthadendotrachealintubation)/tracheotomy(气管切开)，intravenousaccess胃管尿管tube(引流管)等等thepatientgetmonitored(监护)，mechanicalventilation(机械通气)/uptakingoxygen数字literperminute/.weobtainthesecond/multipleintravenousaccess（建立静脉通道)，andgivehim/herthetherapysuchas（例如）+列举各种药品等，monitorbloodglucose(血糖)/CVPetc.Thismorningthepatient’stemperatureis数字centigrade,heartratesare数字perminute,respirationratesare数字perminute,bloodpressureis /mmHg(mmHgmillimetermercuryOxygenSaturation)is数字percent.数字hoursintaking:数字milliliter,outputting:数字milliliter,stool(大便)：数字gram.常见主诉及症状体格检查 physicalexamination呼吸困难 dyspnea咳嗽 cough咳痰 expectoration咳血 hemoptysis皮肤黏膜出血 mucocutaneous hemorrhage水肿 edema胸痛 chest pain胸闷 cheststuffiness/discomfort端坐呼吸 orthopnea心悸 palpitation发热 fever发绀 cyanosis头昏 dizzyness头痛 headache眩晕 vertigo晕厥 syncope乏力 weak呕血 hematemesis便血 hematochezia黑便 melena便秘 constipation黄疸 jaundice黄染 stainedyellow苍白 pallor发红 redness色素沉着 pigmentation白斑 leukoplakia斑疹 maculae玫瑰疹 roseola丘疹 papules斑丘疹 maculopapulae荨麻疹 urticaria皮肤脱屑 desquamation皮下出血 subcutaneoushemorrhage瘀点 petechia <2mm紫癜 purpura 3-5mm瘀斑 ecchymosis >5mm血肿 hematoma意识障碍 disturbance of consciousness昏迷 coma昏睡 stupor意识模糊 confusion嗜睡 somnolence谵妄 delirium恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting腹泻 diarrhea偏瘫 hemiplegic paralysis腹痛 abdominal pain腰背痛 lumbodorsalgia关节痛 arthralgia腹胀 abdominal distension肛门停止排气排便 nogasorstoolexcretedfromanus肢体抖动Limbstrembling抽搐 tic惊厥 convulsion尿频 frequentmicturition尿急 urgentmicturition尿痛 odynuria血尿 hematuria少尿 oliguria多尿 polyuria自主体位 activeposition被动体位 passiveposition强迫体位 compulsiveposition常见诊断溶血性贫血hemolyticanemia百草枯中毒 paraquatintoxication肺炎 respiratory呼吸衰竭 respiratory failure冠心病、心绞痛coronary heart disease高血压 hepertension心功能不全 heart failure房颤 atrialfibrilation消化道出血 hemorrhageofdigestive肝性脑病 hepatic 肝硬化、腹水livercirrhosis ascites肝功能衰竭 hepatic failure肾功能衰竭 renal failure肾病综合征nephritic acidosis代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis高钾血症 hyperkalemia糖尿病 diabetes mellitus酮症酸中毒 ketoacidosis癫痫 epilepsia脑出血 cerebral infarction脑梗塞 brain yumor脑肿瘤 braintumor脑炎 encephalitis低钾血症 hypokalemia电解质紊乱electrolyte disturbances深静脉血栓 deep veinthrombosis蛇咬伤 snake bite蜂蛰伤 bee sting肠梗阻 intes tinal obstruction

anginapectpris常用治疗名称输血 blood transfusion抗感染 anti-infection制酸 relieving hyperacidity抗凝 anti-coagulation抗血小板 antiplatelet止血 hemostasia脱水 dehydration降温 defervesce祛痰 eliminating phlegm平喘 relieving asthma雾化 atomization胃肠减压 gastrointestional decompression灌肠 enteroclysis症状变化加重 aggravate减轻 alleviate主要检查结果明显升高、降低、异常 remarkably CT X-ray B-ultrasound相关科室会诊 request relative consultation循环系统疾病症状心悸papitation发绀 cyanosis呼吸困难 shortofbreath咳嗽 cough咳血 hemoptysis胸痛 chestpain少尿 oliguria水肿 edema头痛 headache眩晕 vertigo晕厥 syncope恶心 nausea呕吐 vomiting起搏 pacing除颤 defibrillation电复律 cardiovertion溶栓治疗 thrombolytictherapy常见诊断心力衰竭heartfailure心功能不全cardiacinsufficiency[ˈkɑ:diæk]窦性心动过速sinustachycardia[ˌtækiˈkɑ:di]窦性停搏sinuspause病态窦房结综合症 sicksinussyndrome 房性心动过速atrialtachycardia [ˈeitril]房性期前收缩atrialprematurebeats [ˌpremˈtju]心房扑动 atrialflutter心房颤动 atrialfibrillation [ˌfaibriˈleiʃən]预激综合症 preexcitationsyndrome室性期前收缩prematureventricularbeats[venˈtrikjul]室性心动过速ventriculartachycardia室颤 ventricularfibrillation室扑 ventricularflutter房室传导阻滞atrioventricularblock心脏骤停 cardiacarrest无脉性电活动pulselesselectricalactivity心源性猝死 suddencardiacdeath先心病 congenitalcardiovasculardiseases [knˈdʒenitl]房间隔缺损 atrialseptaldefect，ASD [ˈseptl]室间隔缺损 ventricularseptaldefect,VSD动脉导管未闭patentductusarteriosus,PDA先天性主动脉缩窄 congenitalcoarctationoftheaorta [ˌkuɑ:kˈteiʃən][eiˈɔ:t]先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄congenitalpulmonaryvalvestenosis [stiˈnusis]原发性高血压 primaryhypertension冠心病 coronaryheartdisease [ˈkɔrnri]稳定型心绞痛 stableanginapectoris [ænˈdʒain]心肌梗死 myocardialinfarction [ˌmaiuˈkɑ:di心脏瓣膜病 valvularheartdisease