2021下半年廊坊市英语统招专升本练习题【带答案】

2021下半年廊坊市英语统招专升本练习题【带答案】学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、阅读理解(30题)1.Thebesttitleofthepassageis"______".

A.TheHumanSenseofSmell

B.DogsHavePoorEyesight

C.SenseofSmell

D.DogsHaveExcellentSenseofSmell

2.TheWhitesdidnotblameAmyforJane'sdeathbecause______.

A.theydidn'twantAmytofeelashamedandsorryfortherestofherlife

B.Amywasbadlyinjuredherselfandtheydidn'twanttoaddtoherpain

C.theydidn'twanttoblametheirchildreninfrontofothers

D.Amywastheiryoungestdaughterandtheylovedherbest

3.Intheauthor'sestimation,thereare______wordsinEnglish.

A.morethanhalfamillion

B.atleast24000

C.atleast80000

D.morethanamillion

4.Theunderlinedword"course"inparagraph2means______.

A.aplaceforarace

B.aschoolofstudy

C.thedirection

D.partofameal

5.Whorunsthecoffeecafe?

A.Ahighschool.

B.Studentsinahighschool.

C.Teachersinahighschool.

D.Abusinesscompany.

6.HowwouldyoudescribethewritersattitudetowardKaraoke?

A.Sheoftengoes，andlikesitsometimesandsometimesnot．

B.Shethinksitisnotonlyfun，butstressrelievingaswell．

C.Shehas：nottrieditherselfSOhasnoattitudeaboutit．

D.Shefeelsitisa，wasteoftime．

7.47.Theword"drowsy"inthelastparagraphmeans______.A.sickB.standupC.asleepD.alittlesleepy

8.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageisusedto______.

A.remindreadersoffoundphotographs

B.advisereadertostartanewkindofbusiness

C.askreaderstofindphotographsbehindsofa

D.showreadersthevalueoffoundphotographs

9.HowmuchChromiumⅥisasafeamount?

A.Nosafelevel.B.6%.C.Itissafe.D.Nooneknows.

10.ThefigureofilliteracyinBritaincomprises______.

A.zeropointonepercentofthatofilliteracyintheworld

B.zeropointtwopercentoftheworld'sadultpopulation

C.thirty-fivepercentofEurope'spopulation

D.threepointfivepercentofthatoftheilliteracyinSouthernEurope

11.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothestory?

A.Assoonashereceivedthetelephonecall,thedoctorimmediatelydrovetothehouseofthepatient.

B.Thedoctordidnotreceivethetelephonecall.

C.Thedoctorhadalreadyknowntheaccidentbeforehecameoutofhishouse.

D.Thedoctorjustcametohelpthedriverwhometwiththeaccident.

12.Theauthorstatesthatbirdsleftthetropicsbecause______.

A.therewasnotenoughfoodthereinthewinter

B.thereweretoomanybirds

C.thereweretoomanyglaciers

D.therewastoomuchdaylight

13.54.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.A.Crime--AGraveProblemintheWestB.Chevrolet--AMakeofanOldCarC.Computer--APowerfulAidinFightingAgainstCrimeD.Police--AUsefulForceintheFightAgainstCrime

14.Whatisthemessageofthestory?

A.Talkingaboutsomethingfamiliargivesyouconfidenceincommunication.

B.Answeringquestionsinclassmakesyoubetterunderstoodbyclassmates.

C.Languageplaysanimportantroleincommunicationbetweencultures.

D.Mathematicshelpstoimprovecommunicationbetweencultures.

15.TheAlsatian'solfactorycellsare_____timesasmanyasman's.

A.forty-fourB.onemillionC.220millionD.10,000

16.WhichstatementisTRUE,accordingtothispassage?A.A.IttookevenlongerforMother'sDaytogainnationalpopularity

B.ThebusinessmenhelpedtomakeFather'sDaypopular

C.Father'sDayisonlycelebratedinAmerica

D.Father'sDayisonlyatrickofthebusinessmentomakemoney

17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapossiblereasonforwhalesdying?

A.Pneumonia.

B.Braininfection.

C.Over-population.

D.Over-eating.

18.Sometimesitisdifficult______theskillsyouhave.

A.toplayB.abilitiesC.torecognizeD.recognizes

19.Therightsideofthebrian______.

A.processesandputsintoordertheinformationwhichcomesin

B.isusuallybetterdevelopedthantheleftsideinwesternsociety

C.isusuallynotaswelldevelopedastheleftsideinwestern

D.isusuallydevelopedaswellastheleftsideinwesternsociety

20.Thecase______.

A.layrightononesideofashelf

B.wasrightbehindasoldbrown-lookingcase

C.wasbetweentwohighshelves

D.wasamongthehundredsofcases

21.Wecanconcludethataccidentsinvolvingcars______.

A.happenedmostofteninNewYorkCity

B.donothappenasoftenastheydidintheearlydaysoftheauto

C.havekilledmorepeoplesinceMisterBlisswaskilled

D.werealwaysthedriver'sfault

22.Whatcityonceexperimentedwithaverycheapbusservice?

A.London.B.Rome.C.Stockholm.D.Noneoftheabove.

23.Shoppingundergroundisclean______.

A.withoutairpollutionB.ofwaterC.andtidyD.andbeautiful

24.Itcanbeinferredthatthewriter_______．查看材料

A.speaksChinese

B.1ivesintheUSA

C.dislikesherhusband’Swaysofseeingguestsoff

D.refusestofollowtheChinesecustomofseeingguestsoff

25.PassageThree

Toaphilosopher,wisdomisnotthesameasknowledge.Factsmaybeknowninenormousnumberswithouttheknowerofthemlovingwisdom.Indeed,thepersonwhopossessesencyclopedic(学识渊博的)informationmayactuallyhaveagenuinecontempt(轻视)forthosewholoveandseekwisdom.Thephilosopherisnotcontentwithamereknowledgeoffacts.Hedesirestocombineandevaluatefacts,andtoexaminebeneaththeobvioustothedeeperorderlinessbehindtheimmediatelygivenfacts.Insightintothehiddendepthsofreality,perspective(洞察)onhumanlifeandnatureintheirentirety,inthewordsofPlato,tobeaspectatoroftimeandexistence--thesearethephilosopher'sobjectives.Toogreataninterestinthesmalldetailsofscience,may,andoftendoes,obscurethesebasicobjectives.

Philosophersassumethattheloveofwisdomisanaturalgiftofthehumanbeing.Potentiallyeverymanisaphilosopherbecauseinthedepthsofhisbeingthereisanintenselongingtopenetratetothemeaningofthemysteriesofexistence.Theinnerdeeplongingexpressesitselfinvariouswayspriortoanyactualstudyofphilosophyasatechnicalbranchofhumanculture.Consequentlyeveryhumanbeinginsofarashehaseverbeenorisaloverofwisdomhas,tothatextent,aphilosophyoflife.41.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideaofthispassageis______.A.ThePotentialPhilosopherB.ThePhilosophyofPlatoC.ThePhilosopherVersustheScientistD.ThePhilosopherDefined

26.Wemayconcludethat______.

A.IndiaislargerthanAntarctica

B.TheIndianOceanistotheeastofAustralia

C.MadagascarislargerthanSriLanka

D.TheIndiaOceanislargerthantheAtlantic

27.AccordingtoSelena,thereasonwhyVenezuelanwomenwinmorebeautycontestsisthat______.

A.theyaremorebeautiful

B.theyarebettereducated

C.theyarebetterprepared

D.theygetmoresupport

28.55.______thestoryhowhelosthishearing.A.EveryoneknowsB.EdisonhimselflikedtotellC.NooneknowsD.Edisonhimselfdisbelieved

29.Flyingfoxestendto______.

A.doubletheirnumbereveryyear

B.losealotoftheirbabies

C.movefromplacetoplaceconstantly

D.fightandkillalotofthemselves

30.Whichofthefollowingisthemajorconcernofthepassageaboutastudent'sneeds?

A.Individualismandcooperation.

B.Academicsuccessandindependentthinking.

C.Socializationandfeelingofcompetence.

D.Intelligenceandrespect.

二、完型填空(20题)31.(43)

A.ForexampleB.SuchasC.IfD.Andsoon

32.【B13】

A.askB.comeC.returnD.take

33.(53)

A.futureB.modernC.realD.whole

34.(48)

A.atB.inC.onD.by

35.It'sanannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,andthat

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eveningyou'reburningthemid-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,

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arethrowingthebooksatkids.

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elementaryschoolstudentsarecomplainingofhomeworkfatigue.What'sawell-meaningparenttodo?Ashardas

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maybe,sitbackandchillexpertsadvise.Thoughyou'vegottogetthemtodoit,

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helpingtoomuch,orevenexamininganswerstoocarefully,youmaykeepthem

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doingitbythemselves."!wouldn'tadviseaparenttocheckevery

27

assignment,"sayspsychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework,"There'sa

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ofappreciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren

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thegradetheydeserve."Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkofyoungerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir

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.But"youdon'twantthemtofeelithastobe

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,"shesays.That'snottosayparentsshould

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homework—first,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkidshave.Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin

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four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshouldbe"

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morethanahourandahalf,"andtwoforhighschoolstudents.Ifyourchildconsistentlyhasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck

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otherparentsandthentalktotheteacheraboutreducingassignments.21.

A.very

B.exact

C.right

D.usual

36.33.________A.professionalB.amateurC.specialD.ordinary

37.WhatisthetypicalAmericanfamily

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?MarriedAmericanadultswillnametheirhusbandorwifeandtheirchildren

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their"immediatefamily"(直系家庭).Ifthey

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theirfather,mother,sisters,orbrothers,theywilldefinethemasseparateunits,usually

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inseparatehouseholds.Aunts,uncles,cousins,andgrandparentsare

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"extendedfamily"(扩大的家庭).ThestructureoftheAmericanfamilyhasundergonegreatchanges

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the1950s.Traditionally,theAmericanfamily

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beenanuclearfamily,consisting

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ahusband,awife,andtheirchildren.Grandparents

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liveinthesamehomewiththeir

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sonsanddaughters.Inthe1950s,70percentofAmericanhouseholds

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the"classic"Americanfamily—ahusband,wife,andtwochildren.Thefatherearnedthemoneyto

32

thefamily,themother

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thechildrenanddidnotworkoutsidethehome,andtheyhadtwochildren.Yet,inthe1990s,only8percentofAmericanhouseholdsconsistedofa

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father,astay-at-homemother,andtwochildren.And

35

,18percentofhouseholdsconsistedoftwoparentswhowerebothworkingandsomeormorechildrenlivingathome.21.

A.likes

B.liking

C.like

D.looklike

38.【C11】

A.cleverB.otherC.rightD.next

39.【C13】

A.continueB.hopeC.hateD.prefer40.I"vebeen

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thatonallmycustomerstoday，A.tryingB.provingC.practicingD.Examining41.27._______A.productB.resourceC.productionD.manufactures

42.(49)

A.argueB.doubtC.refuseD.time

43.ThereoncelivedapoortailorwhohadasoncalledAladdin,acareless,idleboy【21】woulddonothingbutplayalldaylonginthestreetswithlittleidleboyslikehimself.Thissogrievedthefatherthat【22】died;yet,inspiteofhismother'stearsandprayers,Aladdindidnot【23】hisways.Oneday,whenhewasplayinginthestreetsasusual,astranger【24】himifhewasnotthesonofMustaphathetailor."Iam,sir,"repliedAladdin,"buthedieda【25】whileago."Onthisthestranger,whowasa【26】magician,fellonhisneckandkissedhimsaying:"Iamyouruncle,and【27】youfromyourlikenesstomybrother.GotoyourmotherandtellherIamcoming."Aladdinranhomeandtoldhismotherofhisnewly【28】uncle."Indeed,child,"shesaid,"yourfatherhada【29】,butIalwaysthoughthewasdead."However,shepreparedsupper,andtoldAladdintoseekhis【30】,whocameladenwithwineandfruit.HefelldownandkissedtheplacewhereMustaphausedtosit,tellingAladdin'smothernottobe【31】atnothavingseenhimbefore,ashehadbeenoutofthecountryforfortyyears.Hethen【32】toAladdin,andaskedhimhistrade,atwhichtheboyhunghishead,whilehismotherburstintotears.OnlearningthatAladdinwasidleandhadlearned【33】trade,heofferedtogetashopforhimandstockitwithmerchandise.Thenext【34】heboughtAladdinafinesuitofclothesandtookhimalloverthecity,showinghimthesights,andbroughthimhomeatnightfall【35】hismother,whowasoverjoyedtoseehersondressedsofine.

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A.heB.whoC.whichD.what

44.(54)

A.thinB.strongC.fatD.heavy

45.(44)

A.neverthelessB.thoughC.howeverD.forexample

46.【B17】

A.disturbingB.disturbedC.interestingD.surprised

47.【B5】

A.masterB.studyC.haveD.get48.54._________A.A.resultfromB.makeC.takeD.resultin

49.【B18】

A.glancedatB.glaredatC.peepedatD.staredat

50.23.A.alreadyB.justC.evenD.also

三、语音(10题)51.（）A.A.assign

B.Atlantic

C.condemn

D.antique

52.(5)

A.courage

B.operate

C.palace

D.orange

53.(1)

A.ghost

B.daughter

C.taught

D.through

54.(4)

A.discussion

B.invasion

C.decision

D.occasion

55.(3)

A.silence

B.satisfy

C.lively

D.design

56.(2)

A.funny

B.only

C.July

D.lucky

57.

A.captain

B.various

C.Atlantic

D.metallic

58.

A.taught

B.caught

C.laughter

D.daughter

59.3.A.

exerciseB.

exceptC.coffeeD.journey

60.1._______A.humble

B.hotel

C.honest

D.horizon

四、词汇与结构(20题)61.DoyouthinkthepricesofTVsetswill______thisyearforChina'sWTOentry?

A.comedownB.comebyC.comeacrossD.comeoff

62.John______foralittlewhiletocatchhisbreath.

A.settledB.pausedC.waitedD.arrested

63.Icanhardlyhearwhathe'ssaying,and______.

A.socanalltheotherpeople

B.norcanalltheotherpeople

C.socanhardlyalltheotherpeople

D.noralltheotherpeoplecan

64.Itistimethatthenationsoftheworld______ahalttothemanufactureofnuclearweapons.

A.wouldcallB.calledC.callD.willcall

65.—Excuseme,areyouwaitingforthebus?—Yes,Iam.Butthebusissolate.______,howcanIgettoNo.1MiddleSchool?

A.InthewayB.OnthewayC.OutofthewayD.Bytheway

66.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs______theyarebeingtrained.

A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich

67.It______JohnandKatewhohelpedmetheotherday.

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

68.______(cross)theroad,theoldwomanwasknockeddownbyacar.

69.Wemust______afewitems,orelsewewon'thaveenoughmoneytopay.

A.shutoutB.getoffC.leaveoutD.putoff

70.Hewasmade______hisworkingbecauseofhispoorhealth.

A.togiveupB.givenupC.giveupD.givingup

71.______thetemperature,______waterturnsintosteam.

A.Thehigh;thefast

B.Higher;faster

C.Themorehigher;thefaster

D.Thehigher;thefaster

72.15.ItseemsthattheHopeProject

______wellinChina.A.isgettingalongB.isbeinggotalongC.gotalongD.isgettingonwith

73.Thesecomputerprogramsarea______tome.

A.problemB.difficultyC.puzzleD.question

74.17.You______yesterdayifyouwerereallyseriousaboutthejob.A.oughttocomeB.oughtcomeC.oughthavecomeD.oughttohavecome

75.Wearehappy______wearenotveryrich.

A.howeverB.thoughC.butD.evenif

76.Thesefarmersgotagoodharvestlastyear,sothey______abigsumofmoneyfornewfarmmachines.

A.setasideB.setaboutC.setupD.setback

77.Wewereallstruck______atthebadnewshetoldus.

A.dumbB.deadlyC.badlyD.blind78.Itisrequestedthatallthestudents______presentatthemeetingtomorrow.A.A.wereB.areC.willbeD.be

79.Iwillleavehimanote______he'llknowwhereweare.

A.sothatB.thatC.inorderD.for

80.ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternsocietycan______misunderstandings.

A.courseB.causesC.createD.rise五、书面表达(1题)81.Ⅵ.Writing(25points)Directions:Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteacompositionin100—120wordsbasedonthetopicWhataForeignStudentShouldDoin

China.Remembertowriteitclearly.61．外籍学生(foreignstudents)如何适应中国生活1)外籍学生必须要有接纳不同文化、不同观念的开阔胸襟。2)勤练语言，与当地学生交流，尊重对方意见。3)俗话说要“人乡随俗”。

六、写作(1题)82.Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanarrativepassagein100-120wordsaccordingtothefollowingsituations.

路边跪着一个学生模样的年轻女子，她面前放着—张纸，上面写着因父母突然病重而退学，希望好心人相助。写一篇短文描述此情景，并说明面对此事你如何做。

参考答案

1.C解析：本文主要谈论的就是味觉。

2.A解析：本题考查的是对文章细节的理解能力。第八段中Mrs.White的话说明了原因，即不想让Amy带着负疚感生活。

3.D解析：第1段末尾讲“保守地说有超过一百万英语单词”，故选D。

4.C解析：第二段第一句。排除法，选项B和D很容易排除。选项A是地点，实际上，运动场地并未改变，改变的是场地的设施。所以选项C是正确的。

5.B解析：本文讲的是高中生边读书边开咖啡屋的事情。第二和第三段中提到，学生们在奥克兰机场占据了一块地方，把自制的咖啡出售给机场的旅客。其收入除了自己的工资外都捐献给了一个项目。由此可见，这个咖啡屋是学生们自己开的。

6.B

7.D答案为D。根据最后一段治疗失眠的方法进行对比可知。

8.D解析：根据第二段RichardPrince的一张照片拍出了很高的价钱。说明收集丢弃的照片还是非常值钱的。

9.A解析：见原文倒数第三段。科学家们发现没有气体中铬的安全排放量标准。

10.A解析：细节辨认题。由第一段"Itisestimatedthatsomesevenhundredmillionpeopleabouthalftheworld'sadultpopulation-areunabletoreadorwrite"和第三段"InEuropethefigureisabouttwenty-fourmillion,mostofwhomareinSouthernEurope.Britainhasaboutsevenhundredthousand'两处内容可以算出答案为A。

11.B解析：通读全文可知，医生本人就是事故的受害者。

12.B

13.C本题为主旨题。根据作者在文章中所述，警察是在电脑的帮助下才查到凶手使用的汽车的。如果没有电脑，此项工作是根本无法完成的，那么，查获罪犯也就成了几乎不可能的事情了。C选项的意思是：电脑——抗衡犯罪的强大而有力助手。

14.A解析：由最后一段可知，纳迪亚通过在数学课上的积极表现获得了自信。B、C、D三项太过片面。

15.A解析：通过句子“Thekindofdog’knownasAlsatianhas220millionolfactory(嗅觉)cells．Manhasfivemillion．”进行计算可知答案。

16.B本题为细节判断题。从文中可以得知母亲节的提议很快被接受，而父亲节的提议经过了很长时间才被接受，A项显然是错误的；父亲节建立以后，英国后来也开始庆祝，C项也是错误的；D项与事实不符，也为错误选项；从第三段可知B项为正确选项。

17.D解析：参见第五段。作者特别提到由于鲸鱼的数量巨大，因此它们很可能没有足够的食物。因此，过量饮食是不可能的。由于人们还没有真正弄清楚鲸鱼的死因，那么，任何其他的原因都是可能的。

18.C解析：见原文第一段。人们常常很难发现人的某种技术。

19.C解析：参见句子：Wecalltheleftsidethe“educated”sideofthebrainandgenerally，inwesternsocieties．peoplehavedevelopedthissideofthebrainmorethantherightside．

20.D

21.C解析：根据第三段。第一个人死于车祸，那么到目前为止，死于车祸的人绝不止MisterBliss一人。

22.C解析：参见第三段。

23.A文中第二段第二句中提到了地下购物的优点，即干净、空气好。

24.A推理判断题。

【应试指导】作者是一位美国女士，她与中国丈夫结婚后居住在中国，所以可推断出她说汉语。

25.D答案为D。文章中第一段讲述哲学家能透过事实抓本质，时空是哲学家探究的领域。第二段阐明人人都可以做哲学家。因此选项D符合原文。选项A、C文中未提及；选项B是细节。

26.C

27.C

28.B55．第二段。原文是没有人肯定他失聪的真正原因，而他自己却喜欢告诉别人这样的故事。选项B是正确的。

29.B

30.C

31.A

32.B解析：本题为词义辨析题。根据上下文，在吃饭的时候，给孩子少一点是为了鼓励孩子再要一点。这样孩子才能感觉到吃饭香。

33.B解析：当今世界警察不得不时刻准备着应对随时可能的突发意外情况。说的是“现在的”状态。所以选B项。而其他项意为“将来的”、“现实的”、“整个的”，不合题意。

34.C解析：ontime准时到达。

35.Avery用作强调，特指你挥手告别的那天晚上。very的形容词用法很常见，意为“真实的，恰好的，绝对的，十足的，特别的”。

36.A

37.C本题是词汇题，考查“like”的介词用法，“像，以……的典型方式”，应该是“be+like”，故选

C。

38.D上文讲完了那个聋哑人的故事，下文又来了一个盲人，故应选D项。

39.D通过女孩后面所说的话判断，她喜欢听着音乐做功课。

40.A根据本句结构(try+sth．+on+sb．)及上下文含义，可知“他一直在所有的顾客身上试验这同一个问题，”因此应选A项。

41.C

42.A解析：他们说，如果政府能够限制任何人把自己的观点公之于众，那么我们所谓言论自由的权利是毫无意义的。

43.B解析：这篇文章记述了阔别已久的人回乡看望其兄长的妻子和儿子的事。从前一个穷裁缝的儿子整天无所事事，到处闲逛。

44.A解析：Tellthemtheyarelosingweight这句话实际上印证Everyoneherewantstobethin，因此答案定在A选项thin上面。

45.D

46.A解析：据后文描述，此处应选“令人烦恼的”，即disturbing。

47.A

48.C

49.D解析：stare表示“盯着看，凝视”。

50.D23．答案为D

本题为词组固定搭配。Notonly...(but)also“不但……而且”。

51.C

52.B解析：本题属元音字母的考查题，可利用排除法。A、C、D三项当中的发音均为[i]，只有B项中发音为[ei]。故选B。

53.A解析：画线部分读[g]，其他选项的画线部分不发音。

54.A

55.B解析：该题测试元音字母i的读音。选项A、C、D中i发[ai]音；选项B中i发[i]音。

56.C

57.B

58.CA、B、D三项划线部分发[c：]，只有C项划线部分发[a：]，因此选C项。

59.AA画线部分读[e]，其他选项的画线部分读[i]。

60.A

61.A解析：comedown此处表“价格下降”。

62.B解析：本题测试动词辨义。settle意为“安顿”；pause意为“暂停”；wait意为“等待”；arrest意为。“逮捕”。结合句意，应选B。本句大意为；约翰停了一会儿喘口气。

63.B

64.B

65.D解析：从整个语境中可以看出，所填部分为一独立成分，是引起所问的问题的插入语，应用bytheway，意思是“顺便问一下。”

66.D解析：A、B形式不对；inwhich介词使用不当。betrainedfor…意为“为……接受培训”，如：Theyarebeingtrainedforthejobs.

67.B解析：因为句子主语是it，谓语动词用单数。本句是过去时态。

68.Crossing

69.C解析：leaveout表“去除”。

70.A解析：使役动词make用在被动句中其后的不定式不省略to。

71.D解析：此句是句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……”

72.A参考译文：希望工程在中国好像开展得不错。此题根据题意应该用现在进行时，排除C。“进展”是“getalong”，且应该用主动语态，故选A。D"getonwith"的意思是“继续做”。

73.C解析：puzzle意为“谜”。

74.D17．考查情态动词及其时态。Oughttodosth应该做某事。排除选项