新教材高中英语UNIT3CELEBRATIONSSECTIONⅠTOPICTALKLESSON1学案北师大版必修第一册

UNIT3CELEBRATIONS1．UnlesswemakeChristmasanoccasiontoshareourblessings，allthesnowinAlaskawon'tmakeitwhite.—BingCrosby除非我们在圣诞节共同分享祝福与爱，否则阿拉斯加所有的雪也不能带来真正的白色圣诞节。——宾·克劳斯贝2．ThanksgivingDayisajewel，tosetintheheartsofhonestmen；butbecarefulthatyoudonottaketheday，andleaveoutthegratitude.—Powell感恩节犹如一颗宝石，安放在每个坦诚之人心中；但是你可别拿走了“宝石”，却忘了感恩。——鲍威尔3．MyideaofChristmas，whetherold­fashionedormodern，isverysimple:lovingothers.Cometothinkofit，whydowehavetowaitforChristmastodothat？—BobHope不管你觉得这太守旧亦或是太时髦，圣诞节对我来说很简单，就是关爱他人。试着想想吧，我们为什么非要等到圣诞节才这么做呢？——鲍勃·霍普Afestivalisawayforfamiliesandfriendstogettogetherandmeetafterages.Eveniftheyliveindifferentpartsoftheworld，peopleusuallycelebratefestivalstogetherandseeitasanexcusetoseeeachother.Festivalslendachancefortheoldergenerationtoteachthefuturegenerationthevalueoffestivalsandtraditions.Celebratingfestivalsisasureshotwayofpreservingtherichheritageandcultureofaregion.Peoplealsocelebratefestivalsasanexcuseforrelaxing，unwindingandtakingamuch­neededbreakfromthedailyhecticworklife.ThanksgivingDayistheUnitedStatesandCanadasharedfestival，createdbythepeopleoftheUnitedStates；theintentionwastothankGodforgivingthemthegoodharvest，andexpresstheirthankstotheIndiansfortheirhelp.InAmerica，ThanksgivingDayisthefourthThursdayinNovembereveryyear，andfromthatdatepeoplewillbeonleaveforfourdays；whiletheCanadianThanksgivingatdifferenttimes，thesecondMondayofOctober.Everyoneagreesthedinnermustberoastturkey.Aturkeywithabreaddressingtoabsorbthedeliciousjuicesflowingduringbaking，butcookingtechniquesoften，becauseoffamilyandregions，vary(改变)，whatfillerapplicationisdifficulttogetconsistent(一致的)．Thanksgivingtodayis，ineverysense,anationalannualholidayonwhichAmericansofallfaithsandbackgroundsjoinintoexpresstheirthanksfortheyear'sbounty(大量给予之物)andreverently(虔诚地)askforcontinuedblessings.[探究发现]1．WhatisthepurposeofThanksgivingDayatfirst?TothankGodforgivingthemthegoodharvestandexpresstheirthankstotheIndiansfortheirhelp.2．WhenisThanksgivingDaycelebratedintheU．S.A?ThefourthThursdayinNovembereveryyear.3．WhatfoodareyousuretoeatonThanksgivingDay?Roastturkey.SectionⅠTopicTalk&Lesson1Ⅰ.匹配词义A．单词匹配()1.occasionA．adj.阴历的；月球的()2.lunar B．n.重要的社交活动；时刻，时候()3.decorateC．vi.&vt.总结，概括()4.snack D．n.口音()5.accountE．adj.退休的()6.summariseF．n.描述，报道()7.expectantG．vi.&vt.tomakesth.lookmore attractivebyputtingthingsonit()8.scareH．n.asmallmealoramountof food，usuallyeateninahurry()9.accentI．adj.hopingforsth.，especially sth.goodandexciting()10.retiredJ．vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐[答案]1－5BAGHF6－10CIJDEB．短语匹配()1.cometoanendA．扫除；清除()2.atwar B．使某物爆炸()3.putupC．在交战状态中()4.letoff D．举起；张贴()5.sweepawayE．照亮；(使)变得喜悦()6.upsidedownF．结束；终止()7.lightupG．颠倒地，倒置地()8.uptoH．成千上万()9.scare...awayI．把……吓跑()10.tensofthousandsofJ．从事，忙于；多达；能胜任[答案]1－5FCDBA6－10GEJIHⅡ.默写单词1．adultn．成人，成年人2．congratulationn. 恭喜，祝贺3．traditionn. 传统4．charactern. 字，字体；人物，角色5．attachvt. 贴，固定；附上6．flightn. 航班7．surroundvt. 环绕，围绕8．joyn. 欢欣，愉快，喜悦9．originaladj. 原先的，最早的，最初的10．customn. 风俗，习惯；传统Ⅰ.语境填空flight；throughout；sticky；attach；custom；accent；sweeping；gathering；host；account1．Itwascornsyrupandfooddye，soitwasreallystickyandsugary.2．WehadagrandsocialgatheringlastSunday.3．Hegaveadetailedaccountofwhathadhappenedonthefatefulnight.4．Apartfrommyhost，Ididn'tknowasinglepersonthere.5．TheownerofthestorewassweepinghisfloorwhenIwalkedin.6．Iattachacopyofmynotesforyourinformation.7．Theflightwaspostponedonaccountofthebadweather.8．Hespeakswithaslightsouthernaccent．9．Theyexporttheirproductstomarketsthroughouttheworld.10．Itisacustominthatcountryforwomentomarryyoung.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．HespentfiveyearsinParis,withoccasional(occasion)visitstoItaly.2．Theyaskedwhathisplanswereaftergraduation(graduate)．3．Hehasreceivedmanylettersincongratulation(congratulate)ofhisbirthday.4．Withitssimpledecoration(decorate)，themainbedroomisapeacefulhaven.5．Theexhibitionhallisdecoratedwithmanytraditional(tradition)Chinesepaintings.6．Theroarofthecrowdstilledtoanexpectant(expect)murmur.7．Mollietoldmewhatshe'ddoneandIwasreallyscared(scare)onheraccount.8．Thesurrounding(surround)landwasenclosedbyaneightfootwirefence.9．Itisoneofthemostoriginal(origin)worksofimaginationinthelanguage.10．Asurveyofretired(retire)peoplehasindicatedthatmostofthemareindependentandenjoyinglife.1．Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity，suddenlylightingupthenightsky.整个城市都在放烟花，突然照亮了夜空。2．Everyyear，themomentIgetonthetrain，IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。3．Idon'tgettotravelbacktoShanxiveryoften，sowhenIgethome，myparentswillfillmeinonwhat'sbeenhappening...我不经常回山西，因此每年回到家，我父母会一股脑儿地告诉我发生了什么，……4．Ourhousebuzzeswithactivitieswheneveryonecomeshome.当每个人都回家时，我们的房子里充满了各种活动。5．Wealwayshavejiaoziduringthistime，astheymeansomethingspecialonthisoccasion—theyareasignofourwishesforhealthandhappinessinthecomingyear.在这期间，我们总是吃饺子，因为它们在这个场合有特殊的意义——它们是我们希望在新的一年里健康和幸福的象征。词语助读1．host主人，东道主；主持人hostfamily寄宿家庭2．highly高度地(用来修饰抽象的事物)3．valuevt.重视4．fromtoptobottom从上到下5．sweep扫；打扫sweepaway扫除；清除6．character字，字体；人物，角色7．attach贴，固定；附上attachsth.tosth.把……贴在……上8．upsidedown倒置地，颠倒地9．letoff使(某物)爆炸10．lightup照亮，点亮11．expectant期待的，期望的12．look表情13．scare吓唬；使(某人)惊恐scaresb./sth.away把……吓跑14．flight航班15．book预定16．wine葡萄酒17．surround环绕，围绕besurroundedby被……包围18．accent口音19．fillsb.inon告诉某人关于(某事的消息)20．uptosth.从事/忙于某事21．hotpot火锅22．firecracker鞭炮，爆竹23．retired退休的24．buzz闹哄哄，喧闹25．sign象征26．joy欢欣，愉快，喜悦课本原文SPRINGFESTIVALTomJenkinsa16­year­oldexchangestudentlivinginNanjingItwasmyfirsttimespendingSpringFestivalinChinawithmyhostfamily①.SpringFestivalishighly②valued③byeveryChinesefamily.Preparationsbeganaweekbeforethefestival.First,thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom④.MyhostmotherMrsChensaidthiswastosweepaway⑤thedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Next,theChinesecharacter⑥Fuwasattached⑦upsidedown⑧toourfrontdoor.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.[1]Thecharacterlookedreallycool.[1]Itisbelievedthat据说……ThegreatestexcitementbeganthenightbeforeSpringFestival.Fireworkswerebeingletoff⑨acrossthecity,suddenlylightingup⑩thenightsky[2]．Childrenwerecoveringtheirearsbutwithanexpectant⑪look⑫ontheirfaces[3]．MrsChensaidthatitwastoscareaway⑬themonsterNian.Thefireworkswerealotoffun!Wethensattogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.[2]lightingupthenightsky现在分词作结果状语。[3]with的复合结构withsb./sth.adj./adv./prep./doing/done/todo.XuGanga28­year­oldcomputerengineerworkinginShanghaiIusuallystartplanningmytriphometoShanxiweeksbeforeSpringFestival，astrainticketsorflights⑭havetobebooked⑮asearlyaspossible[4]．Itakegreatcareinchoosinggiftsformyparents.Thisyear,Iboughtabottleofwine⑯formyfatherandabeautifulsweaterformymother.[4]as引导原因状语从句Everyyear，themomentIgetonthetrain，[5]Iamsurroundedby⑰Shanxiaccents⑱－IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.Idon'tgettotravelbacktoShanxiveryoften,sowhenIgethome,myparentswillfillmeinon⑲what'sbeenhappening[6]—whohasgotmarriedorhadchildrenorgoneawaytouniversity.It'sgreattohearwhateveryone'sbeenupto⑳.[5]名词词组themoment引导时间状语从句[6]what引导宾语从句。Weusuallyhavehotpoteq\o(○,\s\up11(21))—it'ssotasty!However,whatweeatisn'tthemostimportantthing.What'simportantiswhoweeatitwith.It'sawonderfulthingtobebacktogetherwithmyfamilyandtalkofoldtimes.WhenIwasakid,SpringFestivalwasallaboutfirecrackerseq\o(○,\s\up11(22))，sweetsanddecorations.AsIgetolder[7]，cominghomeandbeingwithmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofit.[7]AsIgetolder，随着年龄的增长。as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”LiYana70­year­oldgrandmotherfromHeilongjiangSpringFestivalisfamilytimeforus.MyhusbandandIarebothretiredeq\o(○,\s\up11(23)).Wedonotseeourchildrenandgrandchildrenveryoftenandwemissthemalot.WeeksbeforeSpringFestival,westartgettingreadyfortheirhomecoming.Thingsstarttogetreallybusy.Wethinkaboutwhatthechildrenwouldliketoeat,whatweneedtobuyandwhatdishesneedtobeprepared.Ourhousebuzzeseq\o(○,\s\up11(24))withactivitieswheneveryonecomeshome.Ourgrandchildrenrunaroundshoutingandplaying[8]，andtheadultsgatheraroundthetabletotalkaboutthepastyear.Greatfunisalsoenjoyedinthekitchenasjiaoziarebeingmade.Wealwayshavejiaoziduringthistime,astheymeansomethingspecialonthisoccasion－theyareasigneq\o(○,\s\up11(25))ofourwishesforhealthandhappinessinthecomingyear.Tome,thisisSpringFestival－thejoyeq\o(○,\s\up11(26))ofafamilygathering.[8]shoutingandplaying动名词作伴随状语。译文参考春节一个16岁的生活在南京的交换生——汤姆·詹金斯这是我第一次在中国和我的寄宿家庭过春节。春节是每个中国家庭非常重视的节日。节日前一周就开始准备了。首先，房子从上到下地都打扫了一遍。我的寄宿妈妈陈太太说，这是为了扫除过去一年的污垢，为新的一年做准备。接下来，汉字“福”被倒着贴在我们的前门上。人们相信，当福颠倒的时候，幸福就到了。这个字看起来很酷。最激动人心的事情发生在春节的前一天晚上。整个城市都在放烟花，突然照亮了夜空。孩子们捂着耳朵，但脸上带着期待的表情。陈太太说这是为了吓跑怪兽“年”。烟花很有趣！然后，我们坐在一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐，祝福大家新年快乐。一个28岁的生活在上海的电脑工程师——徐刚我通常在春节前几周就开始计划我的山西回家之旅，因为火车票或飞机票必须尽早预订。我很仔细地为父母挑选礼物。今年，我给爸爸买了一瓶葡萄酒，给妈妈买了一件漂亮的毛衣。每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。我不经常回山西，因此每年回到家，我父母会一股脑儿地告诉我发生了什么，谁结婚了，谁有小孩了，谁上大学了，等等。很高兴听到大家都在忙些什么。我们通常吃火锅——它很好吃！然而，我们吃什么并不是最重要的事情。重要的是我们和谁一起吃。能和家人团聚在一起，谈论过去的时光，真是太好了。我小的时候，春节都是关于放鞭炮，糖果和装饰品。随着年龄的增长，回家和家人在一起是最重要的部分。一位70岁的来自黑龙江的祖母——李燕春节是我们的家庭时间。我丈夫和我都退休了。我们不经常看到我们的孩子和孙子，我们很想念他们。为他们的回家，春节前几周，我们就开始准备。事情开始变得非常繁忙。我们考虑孩子们喜欢吃什么，我们需要买什么，需要准备什么菜。当每个人都回家时，我们的房子里充满了各种活动。我们的孙子们跑来跑去，又喊又玩，大人们围坐在桌旁，谈论着过去的一年。在厨房里包饺子也很有趣。在这期间，我们总是吃饺子，因为它们在这个场合有特殊的意义——它们是我们希望在新的一年里健康和幸福的象征。对我来说，这就是春节——家人团聚的欢乐。速读P52－53课文，完成下列任务：Ⅰ.阅读判断判断下列句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：1．XuGangisanexchangestudentinShanghai.A．Right. B．Wrong.C．Notmentioned.2．Childrenwerefrightenedbyfireworks.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.3．DuringtheSpringFestival，trainticketsorflightsareeasytobuy.A．Right. B．Wrong.C．Notmentioned.4．LiYanandherhusbandareactiveintheirwork.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.5．LiYandoesalotofthingstogetreadyfortheirchildren'shomecoming.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.[答案]1－5BBBBAⅡ.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：A．togetreallybusyB．toenjoyabigdinnerC．toscareawayD．tobepreparedE．totravelbackF．tosweepaway1．MyhostmotherMrsChensaidthiswasthedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.2．MrsChensaidthatitwasthemonsterNian.3．Wethensattogether，wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.4．Idon'tgettoShanxiveryoften...5．Thingsstart．6．Wethinkaboutwhatthechildrenwouldliketoeat,whatweneedtobuyandwhatdishesneed．[答案]1－6FCBEADⅢ.表格填空TomJenkinsXuGangLiYanWhereandwithwhomWithhis1.hostfamilyinNanjing.Withhisfamilyin2.Shanxi．Withher3.childrenandgrandchildreninHeilongjiang.PreparationsbeforeSpringFestivalClean4.thehouse；5.AttachtheChinesecharacterFu.Book6.tickets；Choose7.gifts；8.Travelbackhome.Buy9.thingschildrenneed；Prepare10.dishes.ActivitiesduringSpringFestivalLetoff11.fireworks；Enjoyabig12.dinner．Talkof13.oldtimes；Have14.hotpot．Talkabout15.thepastyear；Make16.jiaozi.细读P52－53课文，完成下列任务：Ⅰ.主旨匹配1．Part1A．HowdoesLiYancelebrateSpring Festival.2．Part2 B．TomJenkins'sexperienceofSpringFestivalinChina.3．Part3C．HowdoesXuGangspendSpring Festival.[答案]1－3BCAⅡ.单项选择1．WheredidTomJenkinslive?A．Heilongjiang. B．Shanghai.C．Beijing. D．Nanjing.2．WhywasthecharacterFuattachedupsidedown?A．Becauseitlookscool.B．Becausepeoplebelievehappinessarrives.C．Becauseitmeanssweepingthedirtofthepastyear.D．Becauseitmeansgettingreadyforthenewyear.3．WhatisthemostimportantthingforXuGang?A．Settingofffirecrackers.B．Eatinghotpot.C．Eatingwithhisfamily.D．Decoratingthehouses.4．WhatdoeshavingdumplingsmeanforLiYan?A．Itmeanstheyenjoythefamilygathering.B．Itmeansplayingwiththeirgrandchildrenhappily.C．Itmeanswishesforthecomingyear.D．Itmeansourlifeisbecomingbetter.[答案]1－4DBCCⅢ.概要写作微技能概要写作微技能(二)A．阅读课文中描写活动场景的语句。1．Wethensattogethertoenjoyabigdinner,wishingeveryoneahappynewyear.2．Everyyear,themomentIgetonthetrain,IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents...3．Ourgrandchildrenrunaroundshoutingandplaying,andtheadultsgatheraroundthetabletotalkaboutthepastyear.B．判断下列语句中哪个不是描写活动场景的句子。1．ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.2．Weusuallyhavehotpot—it'ssotasty!3．It'sawonderfulthingtobebacktogetherwithmyfamilyandtalkofoldtimes.4．Greatfunisalsoenjoyedinthekitchenasjiaoziarebeingmade.[答案]12根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．occasionn．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→occasionaladj.偶然的；临时的→occasionallyadv.偶尔地2．graduaten．毕业生vi.毕业→graduationn．毕业；毕业典礼3．congratulatevt.祝贺→congratulationn．恭喜，祝贺4．decoratevt.&vt.装饰，布置，美化→decorationn5．traditionn．传统→traditionaladj.传统的→traditionallyadv.传统地6．summaryn．总结，概括；概要→summarisevi.&vt.总结，概括7．expectvt.预料，期待；期盼→expectantadj.期待的，期望的→expectationn．预料，预期；期待8．scarevt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬→scaryadj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→scaredadj.害怕的；惊恐的9．surroundvt.环绕，围绕→surroundingadj.周围的；四周的→surroundingsn．周围的环境10．originn．起源；出身→originaladj.原先的，最早的，最初的1．putup修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴①They'reputtingupseveralnewofficeblocksinthecentreoftown.修建②TheexamresultswillbeputuponFridayafternoon.张贴③Ifyouhaveanyquestions，putupyourhands.举起④Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer.提供膳宿2．charactern．(书写或印刷的)字，字体；个性；特色；特征；人物，角色①Hischaracterisverydifferentfromhiswife.性格②Youcanlookupacharacterunderitsradical(部首)．汉字③Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayamusing.人物④Iwishthisbookwerewritteninbiggercharacters.字体WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)occasionn．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候(教材P50)Chooseafestivaloraspecialoccasionthatyoulike.选择一个你喜欢的节日或特殊的时刻。[例]I'vemethimonseveraloccasions.我见过他几次。[归纳拓展](1)ononeoccasion有一次onthatoccasion 那时；在那种情况下onoccasion 偶尔(2)occasionaladj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的occasionallyadv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Ononeoccasion(occasion)，shecalledmeinthemiddleofthenight.②Hehasbeenknownonoccasiontolosehistemper.③Hemanagedtoremaincoolbyswimmingoccasionally(occasion)．④Youreighteenthbirthdayisanimportantoccasionwhenyoulegallybecomeanadult.⑤Thisisnotanoccasionforlaughter，whereyoumusttakethingsseriously.⑥随着岁月的流逝，很多时刻——生日、获奖、毕业，都有父亲的鲜花来庆祝。Astheyearspassed，manyoccasions—birthdays，awards,graduationsweremarkedwithDad'sflowers.[名师点津]当occasion后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据occasion的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)congratulationn．恭喜，祝贺(教材P50)offeringcongratulations[例]Isentacardofcongratulationtothenewlymarriedcouple.我给那对新婚夫妇寄了一张贺卡。[归纳拓展](1)congratulationn．祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式)congratulationtosb.onsth.祝贺某人某事offer/sendcongratulationstosb.onsth.向某人祝贺某事(2)congratulatev. 祝贺，向……致贺词congratulatesb.on/uponsth./doingsth.就某事向某人祝贺[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hecongratulated(congratulate)himselfonhavingsurvivedtheaircrash.②Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassed(pass)theexamination.③Isendyoumywarmestcongratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccess.[小片段填空]Manyfriendscametocongratulatehimonhismarriage，andsomesentemailstoexpresstheircongratulations．(congratulate)eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)cometoanend结束(教材P51)Amidtheboomoffirecrackersayearhascometoanend，andthespringwindhaswaftedwarmbreathtothewine.爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏。[例]Aftertheexam，allthelessonsinschoolalsocametoanend.考试后，学校的课程也都结束了。[归纳拓展](1)bringanendtosth.＝bringsth.toanend使……结束putanendtosth. 结束，消除atanend 终结；结束(2)attheendof在……的尽头bytheendof 到……结束时intheend 最终，终于(3)endin以……告终，最后的结果是……endupwith 以……结束[即学即练]单句语法填空①Whenwillwebringanendtothewar?②Theexplorationendedinfailure.③Thediscussionfinallycametoanend.[小片段填空]Attheendofthemeeting，thegeneralmanagersaidinaloudvoice，“We'vetriedhardtosolvethefinancialproblem，andintheendwe'vesucceeded.Sobytheendofnextweek，thebadsituationwillcometoanendandeverythingwillbeallright.”eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)putup修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴(教材P52)toputupdecorations布置装饰品[例]Hewasputtingupanewfenceathishome.他正在为自己家搭建新的篱笆墙。[归纳拓展]putupwith容忍，忍受putoff 推迟，延期putdown 写下，记下；放下putaway 把……收拾起来；把钱、物等储存起来puton 穿上；打开；增加(体重等)；假装；采纳[即学即练]单句语法填空①Ihavetoputupwithmycat'sfuralloverthehouse.②Justbecauseoftherain，thesportsmeetwasputoff．③Ionlyputawaythethingsthatmightprovetobeadangertoachild.[小片段填空]Heputawayalltheuselessthingsinabigbagandputonhissuit.Hedrovetothegym，onlytofindthenoticeputupattheentrance，sayingthatthematchhadbeenputoffbecauseofbadweather.Heputdownthedateonhisnoteandleft.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)accountvt.认为是，视为n.描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明(教材P52)Readthethreereaders'accounts.阅读三位读者的描述。[例]Shegavethepoliceafullaccountoftheincident.她把事件向警方作了详细叙述。[归纳拓展](1)takeaccountof.../oaccount/consideration把……考虑在内onaccountof 因为，由于onnoaccount 决不giveanaccountof 报告；叙述；说明(2)accountfor解释；说明；(数量，比例上)占[即学即练]单句语法填空/一句多译①AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalglobalfertilizerconsumption.②Hehadtoleavehisbelovedbasketballteamonaccountofhisinjuredlegs.③我真诚地希望你考虑我的建议。Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoaccount．(oaccount)＝Isincerelyhopethatyouwillconsidermysuggestionscarefully．(consider)＝Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoconsideration．(consideration)＝Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakeaccountofmysuggestions．(takeaccountof)[名师点津]onnoaccount位于句首，主句要部分倒装。类似的还有：bynomeans,innoway,onnocondition,atnotime等。Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge，aswellaspracticalexperience.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)sweepaway扫除，清扫；消灭；完全打消(教材P52)MyhostmotherMrsChensaidthiswastosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.我的寄宿妈妈陈太太说，这是为了扫除过去一年的污垢，为新的一年做好准备。[例]MothertoldTomtosweepawaythedeadleavesintheyard，buthetriedtobegoff.妈妈要汤姆打扫庭院里的落叶，可他却极力请求别叫他干这件事。[归纳拓展]sweepup清扫；清除sweepaside 放/堆到一边，不予理会sweepout 打扫干净[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hewaslefttosweepupaftertheparty.②Thewindswepttheleavesaway．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)attachvt.贴；固定；附上(教材P52)Next，theChinesecharacterFuwasattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.接下来，汉字“福”被倒着贴在我们的前门上。[例]Chinawillnotattachitselftoanybigpower.中国不依附任何大国。[归纳拓展](1)attachsth.tosth.把……附在……上，把……固定到……上attachimportance/significanceto认为……重要/有意义(2)attachedadj.(作表语)依恋的；附属于beattachedto 附属于；依恋[即学即练]单句语法填空/句汇升级①SoIhavenochoicebuttobotheryoutocorrectmymistakesinthematerialIattachtotheletter.②Onreturninghome,shefoundanoteattached(attach)tothedoor,reading“Callinlater.”③Myparentsalwaysattachgreatimportancetomygettingagoodeducation.④Theboyisnowstudyinginthemiddleschoolattached(attach)toPekingUniversity.⑤(普通表达)Manyofusteenagersthinkourphonesaremuchmoreimportantthanourfriends.(高级表达)Manyofusteenagersattachmuchmoreimportancetoourphonesthantoourfriends.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点8)letoff使某物爆炸(教材P52)Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity，suddenlylightingupthenightsky.整个城市都在放烟花，突然照亮了夜空。[例]Theengineletoffsteaminsuddenblasts.突然的轰鸣，机车放出一股蒸汽来。[归纳拓展]letout放出；泄露letsb.down 使某人失望letin 让……进来，放进letalone 更不用说，更谈不上let...alone 不打扰，不惊动[即学即练]单句语法填空①I'mafraidsheletusdownbadly.②Witheachbumpoftheairplanehewouldletoutagiggleofdelight.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点9)scaresb./sth.away把……吓跑(教材P52)MrsChensaidthatitwastoscareawaythemonsterNian.陈太太说这是为了吓跑怪兽“年”。[例]“Thatwillscareawaythetiger,”shesaid.“这样就能吓走那只老虎了，”她说。[归纳拓展](1)scaredadj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的bescaredeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofdoing...不敢做……,todo...害怕做……,that...害怕……))bescaredtodeath 吓得要死(2)scarevt. 使某人受惊；惊吓n. 恐慌；惊恐scaresb.away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退odoingsth. 恐吓某人做某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shetriestoscarethechildintobehavingwell.②Shewasscaredtodeath(die)towaitfortheresultofherentranceexaminationinthemiddleofJune.③Thelittlegirlwasscaredtogo(go)outaloneintheevening.[小片段填空]那个小女孩不敢过桥，因为她害怕掉进河里。Thelittlegirlisscaredofgoingacrossthebridgebecausesheisscaredtofallintotheriver.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点10)surroundvt.环绕；围绕(教材P53)Everyyear，themomentIgetonthetrain，IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents－IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。[例]Troopshavesurroundedthetown.部队已将该城镇包围了。[归纳拓展](1)surroundsb./sth.withsb./sth.使某人/某物被某人/某物包围besurroundedby/with 被……围绕着；周围是……(2)surroundingadj. 周围的(3)surroundingsn. 环境(通常用复数形式)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Westoodattheedgeofthelake,whichissurrounded(surround)by/withtrees.②Welivedinahousesurrounded(surround)bytrees,mostofwhichwerepinetrees.③Standingonthetopofthemountain,wecanhaveagoodviewofthesurrounding(surround)hills.[小片段填空]作为一名著名的流行歌星，他喜欢被这么多从周围城镇赶来看他的歌迷包围。他也喜欢有绿树和鲜花的美丽环境，因为他可以从大自然中获得更多的快乐。Asafamouspopstar，helovesbeingsurroundedbysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthesurroundingtowns.Andhealsolikesbeautifulsurroundingswithgreentreesandflowers，becausehecangetmuchmorepleasurefromnature.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)as作连词(教材P53)IusuallystartplanningmytriphometoShanxiweeksbeforeSpringFestival，astrainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.我通常在春节前几周就开始计划我的山西回家之旅，因为火车票或飞机票必须尽早预订。句式分析：句中的as作连词，表示原因。意为“因为”。[例]Ashegrewolder，helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.他年纪越来越大，除了喜欢园艺以外，对一切都失去了兴趣。[归纳拓展](1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句：a．时间状语从句，意为“正当……的时候”、“一面……一面……”、“随着……”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。b．引导方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照……的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。c．as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。d．as引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常省略)。其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Ashewalkedon，hefelthimselfgettingmoreandmoretired.②Difficultasitis，weshouldnotgiveitup.③Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)themoment引导的时间状语从句(教材P53)Everyyear，themomentIgetonthetrain，IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。句式分析：句中themomentIgetonthetrain是themoment引导的时间状语从句，themoment表示“一……就”。[例]Hesaidhehadphonedyouthemomenthegothome.他说他一到家就给你打了电话。[归纳拓展]表示“一……就”的形式还有：(1)theminute/second/instant(2)immediately/directly(3)hardly...when...；nosooner...than...(4)assoonas...(5)on＋n./doing...[即学即练]单句语法填空①Iwenthomedirectly(direct)Ihadfinishedwork.②Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhefellsick.③Theywerepresentedwithflowersonarrival/arriving(arrive)attheairport.1．Everyyear,themomentIgetonthetrain,IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.[分析]本句为主从复合句。名词词组themoment引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，that引导的是宾语从句。[译文]每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。2．Wethinkaboutwhatthechildrenwouldliketoeat,whatweneedtobuyandwhatdishesneedtobeprepared.[分析]本句为主从复合句。what引导三个并列的宾语从句。[译文]我们考虑孩子们喜欢吃什么，我们需要买什么，需要准备什么菜。教材高考1.Chooseafestivaloraspecialoccasionthatyoulike.(2020·江苏卷)Ontheotheroccasion，theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.2.Next，theChinesecharacterFuwasattachedupsidedowntoourfrontdoor.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.3.MrsChensaidthatitwastoscareawaythemonsterNian.(2020·浙江卷)Sometimesloudnoiseslikethesewillscarebearsoff.4.Everyyear，themomentIgetonthetrain，IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents—IknowthatIamheadinghometomyfamily.(2020·浙江卷)Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp，whichwassurroundedbyahighwirefence.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Instantly(instant)hesawme，heheldouthishands.2．AsaPartymember，I'lltaketheleadineverything.3．Foxesstartedcominginfromthesurrounding(surround)countryside.4．Hewasscared(scare)tocrossthericketybridge.5．Hehasn'tenoughmoneyforfood，letaloneamusements.6．Muchimportanceisattachedtothedevelopmentoftheindividualself.7．Hecouldnotaccountforhisabsencefromschool.8．Makesurethatyouputdowneverywordshesays.9．Ihopewehavebroughtanendtoourarguments.10．Wemusttelephoneourcongratulations(congratulate)tothehappycouple.Ⅱ.短语填空sweepaway；lightup；putup；cometoanend；letoff；tensofthousandsof；upsidedown；scare...away；atwar；upto1．Thecafeownerhasputuptherequired“nosmoking”sign.2．Theymusthaveknownwhattheirfatherwasupto．3．Thefightbetweenthetwocountriesfinallycametoanend．4．Tensofthousandsofmenhavetravelledsouthwardstofindwork.5．Theterroristsletoffabombnearthebuilding.6．Hesweptawaythedustfromthedoor.7．Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighbourfortwoyears.8．ShouldItellhimhowIfeel,orwouldthatscarehimaway?9．IfIwerealamp,itwouldbemydutytolightupthickdarkness.10．IfIstandonmyhead,Iseeeverythingupsidedown．Ⅲ.课文语法填空ItwasthefirsttimeforTomJenkins1.tospend(spend)SpringFestivalinChina.Hefoundthehouse2.cleaned(clean)fromtoptobottomtosweepawaythedirtofthepastyearandgetreadyforthenewyear.Itisbelieved3.thathappinessarriveswhenFuisattachedtothedoorupsidedown.ThenightbeforetheSpringFestival，peoplesetofffireworkstoscare4.awaythemonsterNian.XuGangusuallygoesbackhome5.beforeSpringFestivalandchoose6.gifts(gift)forhisparents7.carefully(care)．Hisparentswilltellhimthings8.thathavebeenhappening.Itwasgreattohavehotpotwithhisfamily.LiYanandherhusbandmisstheirchildrenandgrandchildrenalot.Theystartgettingreadyfortheirhomecoming9.inafewweeks.Hergrandchildrenrun，shoutandplayandherchildrentalkaboutthepastyear.Theygathertoenjoyjiaoziwhich10.are(be)asignoftheirwishesforhealthandhappiness.被动语态[观察例句]1．EveryyearinSeptemberorOctober，theMid­AutumnFestivaliscelebratedbytheChinesepeo