新概念英语第三册lesson14Anoblegangster

□□□□新概念英语第三册lesson14Anoblegangster0Lesson14：Anoblegangster贵族歹徒Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。HowdidHaywoodmakeintimesofpeace?TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopsandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'protection'.Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'protectionmoney'isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthe14thcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.600yearsago,SirJohnHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.Whenhediedattheageof80,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedtothememoryof'themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue'.Newwordsandexpressions生词与短语gangstern.歹徒,强盗Chicagon.芝加哥（美国城市）protectionn.保护promptlyadv.准时地destroyv.毁掉;消灭remarkableadj.不寻常的bandn.帮,团伙Florencen.佛罗伦萨（意大利城市）city-staten.（古代）城邦hirev.租出,雇给princen.君主,诸候Florentinen.佛罗伦萨人funeraln.葬礼dedicatev.奉献,题献给memoryn.纪念valiantadj.英勇的本文参考译文以前有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。如果交款不即时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现："人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁