2009统一卷2001考研路上的幸福哥

2001年攻读入学考试英语试PartICloze[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases1thetrialofRosemaryWest.Inasignificant2oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea3billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof5thatcanbegiventoacase6atrialbegins.InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselectcommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe7withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot8sufficientcontrol.9ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda10ofmediawhenhesaidthe11ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges12toParliament.TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which13theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally14inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies. domswillbeinsafehands 16 ourBritishjudges,”hesaid.Witnesspaymentsbecamean afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere tohavereceivedpaymentsforlingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Concernswere witnessesbeencouragedexaggeratetheirstoriesincourt guilty1.［A］as［B］for［C］in［D］such12.［A］better［B］other［C］rather［D］sooner［B］PartIIReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionstherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ReadthepassagescarefullySHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40PassageSpecialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits，onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Nevertheless,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthattheconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintotheofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.ThetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.revealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasinglyeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thegeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreindbythecenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.underwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninsciencessuchas [AJsociologyand [B]physicsand[C]sociologyand [D]physicsandWecaninferfromthepassage amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofprofessionalstend eamateursintothescientificamateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalTheauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologyto theprocessofspecialisationandthehardshipofamateursinscientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientificthediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstThedirectreasonforspecialisation thedevelopmentinthegrowthoftheexpansionofscientificthesplittingupofacademicPassagedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positivesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.As esmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestoftouniversalizeaccess-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoreernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleonthenetwillhenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.Andthatisworldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure（thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety）intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica’sbuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayislyingdownandingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrunButitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandinfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.Digitaldivideis gettingworsebecauseofthetherichcountriesareresponsibletheworldmustguardconsideredpositiveernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecause offerseconomiccanbringforeigncansoonwipeoutworldconnectspeopleallovertheThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedSvidingfinancialsupportpreventingforeigncapital’sbuildingindustrialacceptingforeignItseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydepandsmuch howwell-developeditiswhetheritisprejudicedagainstwhetheritadoptsAmerica’sindustrialhowmuchcontrolithasoverforeignPassageWhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-ysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrrmistakes,combinedwithlotsofheadscratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusionsnews.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaderswhichhelpsexinwhythe“standardtemtes”ofthenewsroomseemalienmanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddlesizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.ThenRepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelythey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinReporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.thecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanynowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.WhatisthepassagemainlyneedsofthereadersalloverthecausesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutoriginsofthedecliningnewspaperaimsofajournalismcredibilityTheresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedoutto quite [B]somewhat[C]very [D]ratherThebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesin.working [B]conventional[C]world [D]educationalDespiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits failuretorealizeitsrealtendencytohireannoyinglikelinesstodoinaccurateprejudiceinmattersofraceandPassageTheworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:"Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollablepetitive?"There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradeinaccountforafast-growingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.IbelievethatthemostimportantsbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Alltheseareitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldre-createthetheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersofcompanies,such,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninpaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingRenaultandNissan-butitdoesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.thatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromonecetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andthataffectmanyothernations,asintheUS.vs.case?Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestotakeinmoreforeign [B]toinvestmore e Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingsbehindM&Awavethegreatercustomer [B]asurplussupplyforthe Fromparagraph4wecaninfer theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandthecostsoftheglobalizationprocessaretheStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedTowardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanhesaidto [B][C] [D]PassageWhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethatImighteapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alalmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.theAmericansterm“downshifting”hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“havingitall”,preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.of“jugglingyourlife”,andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”couldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofpoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualityInAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisawell-establishedtrend.Downshifting-alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanticonsumerism.Thereareanumberofbestsellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletter's,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-'90sequivalentofdropWhileinAmericathetrendstartedasareactiontotheeconomicdecline——afterthemassredundanciescausedbydownsizinginthelate’80s——andisstilllinkedtothepoliticsofthrift,inBritain,atleastamongthemiddle-classdownshiftersofmyacquaintance,wehavedifferentreasonsforseekingtosimplifyourlives.downshiftinginthemid-'90sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgood——growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone——asaalrecognitionofyourlimitations.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraphFull-timeemploymentisanewinternationalThewriterwascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveher“A lmove”meansstepoutoffull-timeThewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherThewriter’sexperimentshowsthatenableshertorealizeherhelpshermoldanewphilosophyofpromptshertoabandonherhighsocial“Jugglingone’slife”probablymeanslivingalifecharacterized non-materialistic [B]abitof[C]extreme [D]anti- [C]man’ssearchformythical [D]theeconomicPartIIIEnglish-Inlessthan30years’timetheStarTrekholodeckwillbeareality.Directlinksbetweenthebrain’snervoussystemandacomputerwillalsocreatefullsensoryvirtualenvironments,allowingvirtualvacationslikethoseinthefilmTotalRecall.equippedwithalitychips,computerswithin-builtalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmellevision,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.years, puterswilldramaticallyaccelerateprogressinallareasoflife.43）Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdatesofthebiggestdevelopmentswillbeinmedicine,includinganextendedlifeexpectancyanddozensofartificialorganscomingintousebetweennowand2040.Pearsonalsopredictsabreakthroughincomputer-humanlinks.“Bylinkingsimulatefeelingtoosothatwecanstarttodevelopfullsensoryenvironments,Butthat,Pearsonpointsout,isonlythestartofman-machineintegration:“Itwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimayleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextcentury.”thatcanbepredicted.However,therearestillnoforecastsforwhenfaster-timetravelwillbepossible.Buthedoesexpectsocialproblemsasaresultoftechnologicaladvances.Aboominneighborhoodsurveillancecameraswill,for45）Andhomeapplianceswillalsoesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwillresultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder—kitchenrage.SectionV46.Amongalltheworthyfeelingsofmankind,loveisprobablythenoblest,buteveryonehashis/herownunderstandingofit.tothenewspaperto1）showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow.2）giveaspecificexample,and3）giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytoshow第一部分英语知识应运试题解析[A]asto关于，至 [B]forinstance举inparticular特别 [D]suchas例的的prominentcasesThetrialofRosemary接词。首先排除astoinparticular。forinstance（或forexample）可表示“举themovementwasgrowingbyleapsandbounds.（比如在芝加哥，运动正在迅猛发展。suchas的的首段第一句话的结构比较复杂，中心句为The ernmentistobanpaymentstoRosemaryWest做后置定语，用来修饰newspapers，意为“试图收买涉及一些要案证人的 [B]intensifying加强，强[C]focusing集 本题考核的知识点是：动词词义辨析yourmindonworkandstudy.（你应该努力把思想集中在工作和学习上）文章第一段只提加或增强，不和control搭配，如：Thepresshasintensifieditsscrutinyofthecontrol知识点补充：control构成的搭配还有：gaintake/lose/seize～ofhave/hold～over,offer～，setup～[A]sketch略图，草稿，梗 [C]preliminary初步的，预备 于“初步的，不完整的，简略的”的含义，sketchsketchmap（略图、示意图roughpreliminar步的”，如：apreliminaryexamination（初试。[A]illogical不符合逻辑 [B]illegalimprobable不大可能发生 本题考核的知识点是：形容词词义辨析空格所在部分是that引导的定语从句thatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses4，修饰先行词bill，说明是怎样一种法案。其中从句的宾语是一个复合官的行为应该是一致的。那么官提出法律草案的目的也是报界收买证人的做法。合逻辑，如：Sometimesillogicalbehaviorsmayresultinagreatinvention.（有时不合逻辑的做法可能会导致伟大的发明；improbableItis；improper题中，语气太弱，如：anactimpropertotheoccasion（不合时宜的行为。[Apublicity公开，公诸于众[Bpenaltypopularity[D]peculiarityof5_thatcanbegiventoacasecontrolthatgivesth.toacase符合这两个要求的只有选项A.publicity，givepublicitytosth.（宣扬/公布某事）为jy／w（受欢迎）Oneofthepeculiaritiesofhisbehavioristhatheshoutsinsteadof[A]since自…以后，自…以 [B]if如果，要是，即[C]before在…之前 [D]as当…之时，与…一本题考核的知识点是：逻辑推理界要把这些证人的观点公诸于众，这些观点难免夹杂个人的因素，而司法要求的是公正，不sharedwith)compliedwith)agreedwith)本题考核的知识点是：动词短语语义辨析withsthwithHesharedthestorywithus.（他给我们讲了这个故事）Thepatientcompliedwiththephysician’sorders.（遵从医生的嘱咐。[A]present[Boffer[Cmanifest表明，证明[D]indicate批评报界收买证人，随意公开的情况，自我约束力度不够。四个选项中，manifest和控。presentThecommitteeispresentingitsinvestigationreportnextweek.（将于下星期提出报告。Hedoesn’tmanifestmuchinterestinhisstudies.（他对学业没多大）Thesymptomsindicateimmediatesurgery.（症状表明需要立即做外科手术。[A]Release释放，放 [B]Publication，公之于[C]Printing印刷，打印，[D]Exposure发布”的意思，但它强调的是经过努力才得以，多用于消息（发布、影片或者书籍一些不好的事情，如违法或行为”，如：exposureofgraftintheernment.（对的因此正确答案是publication，表达的含义是“两天后，这封信便[A]（a）stormof)一阵猛烈的（感情或激动）的爆发；一阵本题考核的知识点是：名词词义辨析空格所在部分是：LordIrvinecauseda 10ofmedia，这里描述了的程度。从结构上来看，填入的名词应与“media”搭配。从文意来看，其烈的情感爆发或一阵”，如：astormoftears（泪如雨下），astormof（一阵/片猛烈的。；flare；flash示突然闪现的东西，如：aflashofhope（一线希望），aflashofwit（灵光一现）等。因此用astormof修饰media [A]translation翻译，转 [C]exhibition展览，显 exin，如：HowcanIinterpretedhisbehavior?（我怎么解释他的行为。[A]betterthan好过，胜 [B]otherthan不同于；除[C]ratherthan是…而不是，与其…毋宁[D]soonerthan快于，早于本题空格前后连接的是两个介词短语（left）tojudges（留给）与（left）toParliament（留给国会interpretationofprivatecontrols，显betterthansoonerthan，前者表达程度比较，后者反映速度比较。otherthan意为“是…而不是”，如：Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.（这双鞋子[A]changes改变，，改 [B]makes制造，安排，使（成为[C]sets致使，使（）做某事 [答案]BtheHumanRightsBill。从本题和下一题的选项可看出两个空格应分别填入动词和形容词。那么从句的基本结构应是：动词+宾语（theEuropeanConventiononHumanRights）settheboyright（纠正孩子的错误）agoodrestwillsetyouright（休息将使你的，set，set[A]binding有约束力 [B]convincing具有说服力[C]restraining抑制的，遏制的[D]sustaining本题考核的知识点是：形容词词义辨析ConventiononHumanRightslegally14。其次根据上下文，theHumanRightsBill…laiddownthateverybodywas15toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies（法案规定每一个人都…隐私权，公众人物可以走上去保护自己和他们的家人，因此从《法案》的具体内容[A]authorized被[B]credited把…归于，认为属于[C]entitled有资格，能胜任[Dqualified空格所在部分的搭配是be+过去分词+tosth.，其中to是介词。四个选项中，beauthorizedbyherpartnertonegotiatewiththedealer.（她与经销arecreditedtothebigstone.（人们认为这块大石头有超能，该词组虽然在语法上可有权领取。 [B]to向，直到，靠着…，伴[C]from从…（时间离开，因 本题考查哪个介词可以与insafehands（安然无恙）搭配。空格所在句子是Pressdomswillbeinsafehands16ourBritishjudges（由掌握将安childwithyou.（我将把这孩子交给你。[A]impact冲撞，冲击，影响[B]，事[C]inference推断，结论[D]issue本题考核的知识点是：名词词义辨析先考生需知道West和前面提到的thetrialofRosemaryWest联系起来，这个的影响 （），或推（infrene（impact能是have/makeagreatimpactonsth.，：Thisbookhadagreatimpactonits[A]stated陈述，表 [B]remarked陈述，发言，评[C]said [D]told告Upto19witnesseswere18tohavereceivedpayments，其谓语动词是语态的复合结构：be+过去分词+tohavedonesth.。适用这个结构的只19个证人因向报社讲述他们的故事而获得。[A]what关系代 [B]when关系副which关系代 [D]that关系代：同位语从句接在名词后，对名词作进一步解释，说明其具体内容。这类名fconlusodecisio（doub（eviencefac（hop（ide（（new（，proble（rumo（sugesio（trut（[Aassure确保，保证[B]confide[C]ensure确保，使确信D]guarantee上夸大事实，目的就为了…定罪。考生需判断哪个动词可以与guiltyverdicts搭配。assureIcanassureyouofitsquality.（我，confide（把我的财产托付你保管。显然这两个含义都不符合文意。guaranteesth.时意为“担保…质量，保证，”等，当含义是“保证”时多接褒义的名词，如：guaranteeagoodensur据文意，证人的目的就是想确保让得到定罪，因此ensure最符合句意。 个人都享有个人隐私权，公众人物可以走上去保护自己和家人的权利。为了确保给定罪，可能会被怂恿在上夸大事实。第三部分阅读理解试题解析显。而这种专业化和职业化的分化过程早在19世纪英国的地质学领域就已经开始形成。Thegrowthofspecialisationin21.19科19thcenturymightbemoreinsciencessuch sociologyand physicsand sociologyand [Cphysicsand [D［解析］本题考核的知识点是：事实细节题+理学、化学与地质学都是以数学和培训为基础的科学，而社会学和心理学则不是。比较四个选项只有D选项“物理和化学”是正确答案。Wecaninferfromthepassage .22．从文中，我们可以推断 thereislittledistinction specialisationandamateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasof professionalstend eamateursintothescientific amateurshavenationalacademicsocieties[Ｄ]非专业研究人员拥有性的学butnolocal 另外式在范围内联合”不符。Theauthorwritesofthedevelopment23．作者提到地质学发展的目的是为了ofgeologytodemonstrate. 说明.theprocessofspecialisationand[Ａ]职业化和专业化形成的过程thehardshipofamateurs scientificthechangeofpoliciesinscientific[Ｃ]科技物方针的变thediscriminationof against例子很好地来说明。第三段谈到英国地质学研究中标准的变化、专业和业余人员的不同可见，作者举例的目的是描述职业化和专业化形成的过程，A选项正确。旨在说明的问题。D选项文中未明确提出。Thedirectreasonforspecialisation .［A］thedevelopmentin ［B］thegrowthof ［C］theexpansionofscientific ［D］thesplittingupofacademicsocieties[Ｄ]学术团体的B①Nevertheless,theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotationthatthemaynotfullyshareitsvalues.句子主干是theword“amateur”doescarryaconnotation，后面是that引导的同 ②ThetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.Thetrendwasobviousin...andcanbeillustratedintermsof...。sciencebasedonIntermsof“以…观点/方式，就…而说”。③AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.alsoemphasisdefinition④Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreindbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.aresulttheresulthasbeenaresult，aresultthat的定语从句，其中存在两套结构，一是aresulthasbeenreindbytheintroductionofrefereeing，另一套是firsttheintroductionofrefereeingfirstThus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedhaveincreasinglyeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.speialze（v（in）；accumulate（v.prfesionlizv（professional（a.）专业的,职业的（n.）自由职业者，专业人员业余者的资格或amateurish（a.）业余的，非职业的，不熟练的amateurismn.（n.）（iot（integration（n.）综合；integrative（a.）综合的，的participation（n.）参与，参加；participate(v.)（in）参加，参与；，分担；participator（n.）参与者，合作者；participatory（a.）供人的作 的标准也在不断地发生变化（长难句③。因此，在19世纪，的方式从事局部的研究。结果是，业余人员更难在专业地质上。这种结果因为则要么留在地方性团体中，要么以不同方式组成性的团体。 gettingworsebecauseofthetherichcountriesareresponsible

theworldmustguardconsideredpositive讲演中谈到这种隐约出现的（loomingdanger，这里的danger当然是指前面提到的Atechnologicalreasons”即“Internet”可以缩小数字化分outofthedarkness. Internetbecauseit offerseconomiccanbringforeigncansoonwipeoutworldconnectspeopleallovertheworld[答案]A

26.重视互联网是因 普及上网（spreadInternetaccess。可见，关心的是互联网带来的经济利益。因此，A选项为正确答案。实还取决于很多因素。D选项只能是互联网的一种功能，但不是关注的直接原因。Thewritermentionedthecaseofthe27.作者提及的例子是要证UnitedStatestojustifythe的政策是正确的of buildingindustrialacceptingforeigninvestment[答案]D

举例之后，作者更直接，哪个国家利用多（Themoreforeigncapital，哪个国家就将更富裕（thebetteroff。DA反；B；CItseemsthatnowacountry’seconomy28.dependsmuch howwell-developeditis whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants[B]它是否外来whetheritadoptsAmerica’s howmuchcontrolithasover [答案]Atodayisanelectronicinfrastructure）中哪个国家接受的越多就越富有，言外之意是利用进行电子基础建设才是富有与否的关键。这足以说明A选项“其电子工业发础设施的成功范例，而不是提倡完全效仿它的模式。所以C选项也不对。①AstheInternetesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.该句子的主句是itisintheinterestofsbtodosth.（做某事符合的利益，Asovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.该句结构并不复杂，关键注意其中的几个介词短语的使用，getover克服，从……中③ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelyoubuildyourThirdWavegoingtobe.引导的定语从句解释前面的ThirdWaveinfrastructure。toolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe’veever句中maywell+动词结构相当于havegoodreasonto，意为“理应，有足够的理②Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.Might/may(as)well+动词结构常常用来建议或劝说采取某种活动，有时相thislessonmightwellaskmeafterclass.（那些对这篇课文仍然有问题的同学不如课/inviteone’sattentiontosth.，engageone’sattention；二是“（）注意（某”concentratdivertattentionfromsth（转移注意力）divide（n.：分lecture（n./v.），讲课，～tosomebodyonsomething；教训，谴响的,可理解的；inaccessible（a.）无法接近的，不能达到的，难懂的combat（n./v.）搏斗，，～poverty对抗贫困，也可用defeatpoverty线（低于红线，infrasound（低于音速。主义偏见（长难句②。那些认为外国投资是本国主权的国家不妨研究一下的基础设施（社会的基本结构基础）建设历史（佳句②。当初建设自己的工业基础设施时，投资。他们提供，美洲建造。想想看，现在谁拥有这一切？人。，在这件③第二段：直接该的结果不令人满意。第五段：进一步这种差距是由于界的生活态度导致的。Whatisthepassagemainly［A］Needsofthereadersallovertheaboutnewspapers.［D］Aimsofajournalismcredibility

仅仅在第二段提及这一项目的内容和发现，属于细节内容，而非内容。般为首句。一般而言，段包含文章思想。如无段，则找到各段的句加以 Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe.［A］quite［B］somewhat［C］very[答案]D

30.可信度项目的结果 第二段涉及该的结果。该段“这次机构可信度的计划只得出一些极其首先确定到B、D两个选项内，接下来需要考虑的问题就是“ Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesin

［A］working［B］conventional ［C］world［D］educational31.作者的们存在的基本问题是他

观每天都发生着碰撞（thedailyclashofworldviews。因此，CDespiteitsefforts,thenewspaper32．尽管界付出了努力，仍然不能满足industrystillcannotsatisfythe readersowingtoits ［A］failuretorealizeitsreal ［B］tendencytohireannoying ［C］likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting［C］［D］prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender［D］有种族和此A选项是正确答案。虑招收不同种族和的员工”的事实不符。factualerrorsandspellingandgrrmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.errorsandspellingandgrrmistakesfindingscombinedaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant是puzzlement的补语。②Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemtes(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.storyline。enterpriseculture.（企业文化③Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.此句为虚拟语气，主要结构为：Ifitdid,itwouldopenup...andlookfor...。andnowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender个who引导的定语从句。RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelythey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinaremorelikelytoandarelesslikelyto...后都跟了三个不定式getroundto集集为什么那么多人不相信自己在报纸上看到的东西？编辑正试图回答遗憾的是，这次机构可信度计划结果只获得了一些肤浅的发现，诸如报但这种对的不信任有更深刻的根源。多数都学着用一套标准的模式去看待世界，并把每天发生的套入这一模式即可。换言之，在的采编室文化中存在着一套约定俗成的写作模式，为纷繁复杂的提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的故事叙述套路②）一座大都市的手中，然后随机地给这些城市的居民打，问他们同样的问题。 头来去注意那么多以前的顾客所抱怨的文化和偏见。如果它能注意这个问题的话，它进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和各不相同的（长难句③） Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestoday?TotakeinmoreforeignToinvestmoreTocombineand ebigger.[D]Totradewithmorecountries.

33.企业发展的主要趋势 [B]地向海外投[D]与国家做生这一并购从异常活跃的到达欧洲，并以不可比拟的（unsurpassedmight）影响到新兴经济国家。接着第二段谈到公司在世界范围内贸易的迅猛增长。因此，C选项即文中多次提到的mergersandacquisitions，是企业发展的主要趋势。其他三项都关键字眼mergersandacquisitions的意义。Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingsbehindM&Awaveis.

thegreatercustomerasurplussupplyfortheagrowing

足顾客的需求。显然，A选项即为上面提到的三个因一，为正确答案。B选项即市场供应过剩，应该是企业缩小生产的原因。其他CD两项在文中均没有提及。 Fromparagraph4wecaninfer theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtconsumers bothbenefitsandcosts thecostsoftheglobalizationprocessareenormoustheStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedcompetition

出，但是目前数家石油公司的合并，是否会再次对竞争造成却难以预料；100年前成。由此可以推知D选项为正确答案。Towardthenewbusinesswave,the writer’sattitudecanhe saidto [A [B [C 进行说明。所以作者的态度应该