英语本科-高级英语考试重点

高级英语《高级英语》（上册）LessonlRockSuperstars:WhatDoTheyTellUsAboutOurselvesandOurSociety?［单选］debatesth.讨论proud自豪的（褒）arrogant骄傲的（贬）"混淆"：blend=putsth.together强调过程 mix强调结果pragmatic现实主义化的idealistic理想主义化的［翻译］notonlybutalso不仅是...更是 singof唱出了attitudetoward对...的态度disaffectionagainst对...不满cultureheroes文化英雄Lesson2FourChoicesforYoungPeople［单选］glance:扫视sight:普通地看relative:n.亲戚；adj.相对的，相比较的relevant:berelevantto与…有关的，切题的，强调切题的，切中要害的Exhilarate:使某人兴奋，高兴exasperate:激怒jumble:把东西胡乱地放在一起clutter:胡乱地塞满或覆盖着某物［翻译］60年代：inthe1960s’befilledwith充满武装革命：armedrevolutiontakedrugs吸毒Lesson3TheUseofForce［单选］becontemptible可蔑视的contemptuous表主动，蔑视别人［翻译］病了三天ill/sick/undertheweatherforthreedays吃了药，但不见好givehermedicine,butitdoesn'twork/it'snoteffective派人去请sendforsb.患了fallillwithsth.已经有两个孩子死去了Twochildrendiedofthatdisease.检查check劝说coax伸进putsth.in把...咬碎reducesth.To弄清楚makesure是否whether/if及时治疗treatsb.immediately抓紧seize/holdsb.bythewrist牵某人的鼻子走leadsb.bythenose想至|thinkabout自愿volunteer；voluntary有些情况下insomecaseLesson4DieasYouChoose［单选］withhold保留，隐瞒beaccusedof被起诉debatable,discussion讨论arguable可论证的，可议的 credible信誉好的 believable可信的［翻译］现在atpresenttime迫切地urge禁止ban/forbid多数国家的医生只能偷偷地给病人实施安乐死mostcountrieswheredoctorscouldonlypracticeeuthanasiasecretly合法性legality 长期遭受sufferfrom没有治愈的希望withoutanyhopeofcure 继续痛苦prolongsuffering结束putanendtosth. 存在危险thereisadanger利用takeadvantageof/makeuseof不可回避的问题thatisaproblemthatcannotbedodgedotherthan除了ratherthan宁愿而不Lesson5I'dRatherBeBlackThanFemale［单选］tune语调，音调outoftune音调不准，走调 tone语气moral道德morale斗志［翻译］做出重要贡献makeimportantcontribution受到歧视prejudiceagainst各种形式allkinds/formsof 在政治上inpolitics满足becontentwith区分makethedifferencebetweenAandB得到好处的是男人itismanwhoreaptherewards 工资低lowerpay/rewarding没有前途的dead-end不承认admit/deny真正的real/trueLesson6AGoodChance［单选］separate分开segregate因种族和性别的原因，把不同的人隔离开incredible难以置信的（表被动）incredulous不肯相信的（表主动）untrue表示不真实，假的 unrealistic表不不现实的scoffatsb./sth.嘲笑，讥讽scoldsb./sth.责骂，训斥3［翻译］奖学金scholarship一直想成为longtodosth.发生了很大变化changealot 被捕之后afterhewasputinjail不感兴趣nolongerinterestedinsth.由...决定是否 decidetodo...ornotLesson7MissBrill［翻译］liveinacoastalcityinFrance居住在法国的海滨城市sitonthesamebench坐在同一张凳子上 haveafeeling产生一种感觉onepartofthecommunity集体的一部分haveapartintheperformance扮演着自己的角atthistime这时thefeelingoflonelinessbegantoescapeher孤独感开始离开了她ttalkaboutherwithcontempt以轻蔑的口气谈论她inalowvoice低声说withabrokenheart怀着一颗破碎的心Lesson8ALessoninLiving［单选］intolerable无法忍受的（被动）intolerantofsb./sth.无法忍受（主动）respectable被尊敬的，值得尊敬的respectful尊敬的［翻译］人与人进行交流的工具：toolofcommunicationwithfellowman不同之处在于：differin神奇：wonder从这些书中学到了：learnfromthebooksthedifferencebetweenAandB...与...的区别madeonerealize使人意识到Lesson9TheTroublewithTelevision［单选］preeminent指卓越的，优秀的；prominent指突出的，如位置等的突出enhance指增强效果，提高质量；increase指数量上的增加［翻译］抓住：hold或capture通过多样化、新奇性和动作：throughvariety,novelty,actionandmovement提供刺激：providestimulation 结果是：asaresult/resultin有效的交流：efficientcommunication机关枪发射碎片：machine-gunningwithscraps破坏了连贯性：fightcoherence迎合：appealtofightcoherenceofmind破坏思维的连贯性onamedicinebottle药瓶上beresponsibleforpartofit负起部分责任Lesson10TheTenthMan［单选］distribution：分布，遍布allotment：分配equal:数量、数值上等同于，地位的平等，其后一般搭配to0丫©口:水平的，平坦的，均匀的“感到气馁的，感到泄气的"daunted比discouraged程度更深，更重［翻译］onenight一天晚上beshot打死thenextday第二天announce宣布Itisuptoyou.这由你们自己决定。heated激烈的drawoneofthedeadlotsunfortunately不幸抽中了死签declaretosb.向某人宣布onemanineveryten十个人里的一个人thatistosay也就是说beindifferentto对...冷漠的haveaheateddiscussion激烈的讨论thewayofnature自然规律atlast最后consentto同意drawinglotstodecide抽签决定LessonllOnGettingOfftoSleep［翻译］睡着fallasleep 一碰枕头touchthepillow我属于后者Iamoneofthelatter.除了睡觉，别的什么事都能干Icandoanythingbuttosleep.谱写宏伟的交响乐composegrandsymphonies 全都无效beofnoavail.lieinbed躺在床上belongto属于anoverpoweringdesireforsleep困得要死.paintmagnificentpictures画出壮丽的画卷Lesson12WhyIWrite［翻译］decidetobecomeawriter决定成为一名作家inmychildhood童年时WhatIhopemostistomakepoliticalwritingintoanart.我最大的愿望是把政治色彩的写作变成艺术创造。havenothingtodo与…无关fusepoliticalpurposeandartisticpurposeintoonewhole把政治目的和艺术追求融为一体的尝试Ifawriterlackedapoliticalpurpose,heonlywrotelifelessbooksandwasbetrayedintopurplepassages.一个作家如果缺乏政治目的，就只会写出一些华而不实的文章，真挚一大堆空话废话。exposelies揭露谎言protecttruth维护事实anaestheticexperience美感体验.servethesocietyandthepublic为社会和大众服务thisistheprincipleImustfollow这是我遵循的原则Lesson13Work［翻译］平常的功能commonfunction 闷得慌的感觉thefeelingofboredom实现achieve在家庭以外工作workoutsidethehome被剥夺bedeprivedof技巧的运用exerciseofskillnamelythereliefotedium即防止产生闷得慌的感觉providethepeoplewithopportunitiesfortheirambitions为人们提供实现自我抱负的机会.pointout指出todifferentdegrees不同程度的Lesson14IWouldLiketoTellYouSomething［翻译］adischargedveteranfromVietnamWar越南战争退伍老兵takepartin参力口attendtheinvestigation参力口调查confesstheirwarcrimes坦白自己的战争罪行inorderto以便purgetheirsouls清除心灵的负罪感.ItwasnottheindividualbuttheAmericangovernmentthatshouldhavebeenresponsibleforthewarcrimes.对战争应该负起责任的是美国政府，而不仅仅是个人。arousethesenseofresponsibility唤起美国群众的责任感intheend最后camp安营扎寨Lesson15TheBeautyIndustry［翻译］首先tobeginwith,atfirst,firstofall指出pointout 化妆品cosmetic不太贞淑的lessvirtuous注意payattentionto忽略了…必要性overlookthenecessityof只要aslongas 和谐生活liveharmoniously真正的美genuinelybeautiful实现目标achievethegoalexpendedalargesumofmoneyoncosmetics把大量金钱花在化妆品上realizetheobjective实现目标Lesson16AJobInterview［翻译］interviewer面试人conceal...from.../hide隐瞒mainlydealwithtaxation主要从事税务方面的工作thoughsmallinscale/insize虽然规模不大 basesalary底薪bonus，low-interestmortgageandanexpansivecar奖金、低息住房贷款和一辆豪华轿车illegalactivity/business非法活动readilyagree爽快地同意stepinto踏入由黑社会控制的controlledbyunderworldbeappealingtosb.吸引某人withouthesitation毫无顾虑specializeinillegalactivities专门从事非法活动《高级英语》（下册）LessonlTheCompanyinWhichlWork［翻译］getpromotion/getpromoted升职besubjectedto承受followdirections服从指挥undersupervision监督spendyourtimeinfear在恐惧中度日nowayout无法另谋出路时indespair绝望严格（rigid）的等级制度（hierarchy）beboredwithitandfeeldull感到厌烦Lesson2Eveline［翻译］consentedtodosth.同意做某事beabouttodosth.打算做某事treatsb.well对某人好befamiliarwithsb.对...熟悉tryone’sbesttodosth.尽力做某事 keepsb.together聚集某群人.changedone’smind改变主意realizesth.实现某事Lesson3What‘sWrongwithOurPress［单选］justifiable有理由的，justified证明是正当的［翻译］Televisionhasmanyadvantagesovernewspapers.电视与报纸相比，电视有更多的优越性。makeuseofsth.利用某事livesonsth.靠...而活/依赖toagreaterextent很大程度上 catertosth.迎合...thelowestinstinctofman最低级的本能befullofsth.充满...thecoverageofnews新闻报道superficialandinadequate肤浅和不充分的beproblemsinsth.某事有很多毛病thedistortionoffacts歪曲事实theattackagainstnations,ethnicsandsocialinstitutionsthattheydislike攻击他们不喜欢的国家，民族和社会制度Lesson4TheTragedyofOldAgeinAmerica［单选］conserve:保护，珍惜，使之不减少或消失，灭绝等，可用于指自然资源；节省preserve:保存，使之不变质或被践踏等［翻译］Deathisanunavoidableendforeverybody.死是人生不可避免的结局。humanlifecircle人类生命周期theneglectedperiod被忽视的一个阶段withinafewseconds几秒钟内show展示well-dressed衣着讲究的recreation文娱struggletosurviveinoldage老年时为生存而奋斗aninhospitableworld一个冷漠的世界begintopayattentiontotheproblemsofoldpeople开始引起各国政府的关注Lesson5Trifles(PartOne)［翻译］usedtobe曾是alivelygirlwholikedsinging爱唱歌的活泼女孩livetogetherwithsb.与某人居住totally完全地payattentiontoone'sneeds关注...的需要benojoyinone’shouse某人家没有欢乐bereluctanttocallatone’shouse不愿来串门callthepolice报警rockbackandforthinthekitchen来回晃动Lesson6Trifle(PartTwo)［翻译］thecountysheriff司法官countyattorney县法官findout发现anysignofanyonehavingcomefromtheoutside任何夕卜人进入的迹象besurethat确信某事believethestory相信某事one'smotivefordoingsth.做某事的动机bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事bewrappedupinapieceofsilk包在一块绸子里bewrungtodeath被扭断了脖子死去Lesson7AceintheHole［翻译］inaplight陷进了困境losethejob丢了工作beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事earnenoughmoneytosupportthefamily挣够钱养家havenotimetodosth.没时间做某事cookdinner煮晚餐besacked被解雇takecareofsb.照顾某人takesb.back接某人回来beangrywithsb.对某人感到生气Lesson8ScienceHasSpoiledMySupper［单选］intact:完整无缺的innate:天生的［翻译］tasty味道好takefewexercises运动太少don’tthinkthisway不这样想proposessuchahypothesisthat...提出这样一种假说inorderto以便...satisfythesenseoftaste满足味觉的需要 soasto为了...satisfythefrustratedtastebuds满足味蕾的感觉 cause导致theblandnessofAmericanfood美国食品平淡无味becomeanationalcurse成为全国灾难beveryseriousaboutsth.对...认真satirize讽刺Lesson9I’llNeverEscapetheGhetto［翻译］havedeepfeelingstosth.对...有很深的感情makeacareer干一番事业wassupposedtobeimpossible认为这是件不可能的 atthattime那时indroves一群地theeverincreasingmilitancyoftheblacks黑人的战斗性越来越强takeaction采取行动awatershedinsth....的分水岭escapefrom...从...中逃跑Ihavestakedmyallonitsfuture.我的一切与它的未来休戚相关Lesson10HowMarketLeadersKeepTheirEdge［翻译］havedifferentvaluesaboutsth.对...有不同的价值观demandlowpriceswiththeleastinconvenience要求要求价格低，购物方便don'tcaremuchaboutsth.不太在意某事representthehotteststyleandtechnologyonthemarket要求产品必须是最新款式，在市场上代表最先进技术.10meettheirspecificneeds满足他们特殊的需求becomethemarketleader成为领先市场的首脑公司 keepitsedge保持其竞争优势focusononedimension集中在某个方面LessonllOnHumanNatureandPolitics［翻译］acquisitiveness占有欲，rivalry竞争欲，vanity虚荣心loveofpower权利欲Acquisitivenessisthewishtopossessasmuchaspossibleofgoods.占有欲就是占有尽可能多的财产.Satietyisadreamwhichwillalwayselude（使无法得到）you.完全的满足是一个永远无法实现的梦。Vanityisamotiveofimmensepotency.虚荣心是一个有着极大潜在力的动机。Butloveofpowerisamotivewhichoverweighsvanity.权力欲却是胜过虚荣心的动机。Lesson12TheEverlastingWitness［翻译］fightalosingbattle打一场注定要失败的仗becaptured被俘couldn’tstandsuchaheavyblow经受不住这一沉重的打击breakdown崩溃expressionless没有任何表情withadulllookinhiseyes目光呆滞lookedlikeanidiot活像一个白痴.one’sheartbreak心碎waitfor等待...Lesson13SelectedSnobberies［翻译］state表明inthearticle在文中11mostpeoplearesnobsaboutsomething大多数人都有势利之处feelimportant产生势利感bemostpopular最时兴的snobberyismakingheadwaytoday新潮势利大为盛行。desperately拼命地beshameful觉得羞耻amanknowinghisownmind有独立主见的人resistthefloodofpropaganda抵制