新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册课后答案

新视野2答案UnitAVocabularytediousa.boringandcontinuingforlong冗长乏味的Tellingthestoryhasbecometedious,asIhavedoneitsomanytimes.讲述这个故事已变得单调乏味，因为我已经讲了这么多次了。vt.(usu.passive)makesb.feelthatitisnecessarydosth.迫；使负有义务Hefeltobligedhelphismother,evenifitmeantleavingcollege.他得有责任帮助母亲即使这意味着他要离开大学。absorbeda.sointerestedorinvolvedinsth.youdonotnoticeanything极兴趣的神贯注的；专注的Timepassesquicklywhenyouabsorbedinreadingagoodbook.在精会神地读一本好书的时候，时间过得非常快。allergica.1(be~tosth.)ifyouareallergictosth.,youdonotlikeitandtrytoavoidit不喜欢某事；对某事反感Mostmenareallergichousework.大多数男人都不喜欢做家务。2havinganallergy过的IdonotenjoypicnicsbecauseIamallergictograss.我喜欢野餐，因为我对草过敏。excursionn.[C]ashortjourneyyoutakeforpleasure短出行；远足Itwassuchawonderfuldaythattheydecidedtakeadayexcursiontomountain.这好的天气，他们决定去山上一日游。IncludedintheBeijingtourisanexcursiontoGreatWall.北之行包括了游览长城。

earnesta.veryseriousandsincere非常认真的；郑重其事的Atthehewasearnest,buthe在放松多了。Frankisanearnestman;heworkshardandisalsoveryreliable.弗兰克是一个认真的人，他工作努力，也很可靠。exclaimv.saysth.suddenlyandloudlybecauseofsurprise,anger,orexcitement（由于惊奇、气愤或激动）呼喊，惊叫Susanexclaimedhorrorwhenayoungmanwithagunsuddenlyappearedfrombehindher.当一名年轻男子突然持枪从苏珊背后出现时，她害怕得惊叫起来。interj.saidtoshowyouaresurprisedorthatyouthinksth.isimpressive哎，哇（表示惊讶或认为某事物令人赞叹）civilizationn.[C,societythatiswellorganizedanddeveloped,usedesp.aboutaparticularsocietyaparticularplaceorataparticulartime文（社会）architecturen.[U]1thestyleanddesignofabuildingorbuildings建风格；建筑式样2theartandpracticeofplanninganddesigningbuildings建学capturevt.1succeedrecording,showing,ordescribingasituationorfeeling,usingwordsorpictures（用文字或图片）记录下，描述，捕捉Someartistsabletocatchlikenessinasketchwhileothersaretocaptureafleetingexpression.有艺术家能画出酷似某人的肖像，而另一些则善于捕捉到稍纵即逝的表情。Therobberywascapturedonapolicevideocamera.抢过程被警方的摄像机拍录了下来。2catchpersonandkeepthemasaprisoner俘；逮捕Governmenttroopshavesucceededincapturingtherebelleader.政军已经成功捕获叛乱分子的头目。condensevt.makesth.thatisspokenorwrittenshorter将讲话或文章）压缩Thewholechaptercouldbecondensedintoafewparagraphs.这整章可以压缩成几个段落。

a.beingmadeshorter,usu.includingonlytheimportantparts压的ThecouncilwasmerelygivenacondensedversionofwhathadalreadybeendisclosedWashington.该理事会得到的只是已在华盛顿披露的内容的浓缩版。exceedvt.(fml.)bemorethanaparticularnumberoramount超过；超出You’lltopayextramoneyyouluggage必须额外付费。distressn.[U]afeelingofextremeunhappiness忧；苦恼；悲伤Shehadfiveyearsofactiveandhappylifeinthehospitalbeforeshedied,withoutordistressfromcancer.她世前在医院过了五年积极而快乐的生活，并没有因为患癌症而遭受多大的痛苦或忧伤。distinguishv.recognizethedifferencesbetweenthings区；辨别Aformaleducationemphasisonhistory,literature,andculturehelpsapersonlearnhowtodistinguishrightfromwrong.着重于历史、文学和文化的正规教育能帮助一个人学习如何明辨是非。distinctivea.easytorecognizebecausebeingdifferentfromotherpeopleorthingsofthetype与众不同的；特殊的；特别的Thedistinctivedesignofaproductprovidesapowerfulcompetitiveadvantageoverotherproducts.一独特的产品设计具有比其他产品更强有力的竞争优势。complimentarya.1givenfreetopeople免费赠送的Allguestswillreceiveacomplimentarybottlechampagne.所有客人都将得到一瓶免费的香槟。2sayingthatyouadmiresb.orsth.赞的；钦佩的Mrs.Stevenswasmostcomplimentaryaboutyourwork.史蒂文斯夫人盛赞你的工作。plementarythingsgowelltogetheralthoughtheyareusu.different互为补充的；互补的Theeconomiesofthetwocountriesarecomplementarytooneanotherinnature.两国经济具有互补性。

bulkn.[U](the~ofsth.)majorityorlargestpartofsth.（某物的）大部分，多半Becausethebulktheworkwassupervisedbyowner,overallcostisdifficulttoassess.因大部分的工作是由业主监督，总体成本很难去评估。Buyinginbulkismoreeconomicalthanshoppingforsmallquantities.大量采购比小批量更经济。criticismn.[C,remarksthatsaywhatyouthinkisbadaboutsb.sth.批评；批判；指责deficitn.[C]1alackofaquality,skill,orabilitythatshouldhave（质、技能或能力的）缺乏，不足knowledge/language/sleepdeficit知/语言/眠的缺乏2theamountbywhichsth.islessthanyouorshouldhave赤字；亏损；逆差Owingtotheheavydeficit,thecompanyisapparentlyonvergeofbankruptcy.由于巨额亏损，该公司很明显已到了破产的边缘。Taxwaslowandstatespendingwashigh,whichresultedinabudgetdeficit.低收和州政府的高支出导致了预算赤字。dumba.(infml.)stupid愚蠢的Thequestionsweresetupjusttomakeherdumb.问这么设计就是为了让她出丑。groceryn.1[C](also~store)(AmEsupermarket)astoresellingfoodandothergoods超市场2(~ies)foodandothergoods食品杂货stationarya.standingstillinsteadofmoving不（移）动的；静止的Stationarycarsintrafficjamscausedadealofpollution.交堵塞中静止不动的汽车产生了大量污染。stationeryn.[U]materialsusedforwriting,suchaspaper,pens,pencils,etc.文具Weregretthatweareunabletoaccepttelephoneordersforpersonalstationeryitems.很憾，我们不能接受个人文具用品的电话订购。padn.[C]1severalsheetsoffastenedtogether,usedwritingordrawing便本；拍纸簿

2athickflatobjectmadeofclothorrubber,usedtoprotectorcleansth.,ortomakesth.morecomfortable垫衬垫；护垫albumn.[C]abookthatyouputphotographs,stamps,etc.in（收存照片、邮票等的）簿，册proclaimvt.(fml.)saypubliclyorofficiallythatsth.importantistrueorexists宣称；宣布；声明Britainproudlyproclaimsthatitisanationofanimallovers.英自豪地宣称自己是一个爱护动物的国家。scandaln.1[sing.]asituationthatshocksyouandmakesyouangry,esp.onethatyouthinksb.authorityshouldchange（指当局本应改变的）令人震惊的事，引起愤慨的事Itisascandalthatapersoncanbestoppedbypolicefornoreason.察竟可以毫无理由地拦人，这很令人震惊。2[C]aneventinwhichsb.,esp.sb.important,behavesinabadwayshockspeople（尤指牵涉知名人士的）丑，丑事Theofficialinvolvedinascandalandwasforcedtoresignweekslater.那官员卷入了一桩丑闻，几个星期后被迫辞职。thrustv.(thrust,thrust)sth.somewhereroughly猛；猛塞Sheneverenjoyedthefamewasthrustonher.对强加给她的名声从感到过开心。proficiencyn.[U]agoodstandardofskill熟；精通EvidenceofbasicproficiencyinEnglishpartoftheadmissionrequirements.具基本的英语技能是入学要求的一部分。moreoverad.(fml.)inaddition—usedtointroduceinformationthataddstoorsupportswhathaspreviouslybeensaid而；再者；此外Moreover,theybecomemoreconcernedtheirhealthastheygrowolder.此外，随着年龄的增长，他们更加关注自己的健康。evidentlyad.usedforsayingthatsth.isobviouslytrue明地；显然shouldhavebeenheretwohoursago,soshe’sevidentlydecidednottocomeafter她两小时以前就应该到这儿了，所以她显然决定不来了。

AlthoughMissSmithwasevidentlywell,shecontinuedworkingthroughoutthesummer.虽史密斯小姐身体很明显不适，是她还是坚持工作了一个夏天。exposuren.1[sing.,U]thechancetoexperienceideas,waysoflife,etc.接；体验Exposuretoasecondlanguageshouldtakeplaceinelementaryschool.孩们应该从小学就开始接触第二语言。Forasyetunknownreasons,Ihadcomethroughfiveyearsofexposuretoafatalviruswithoutbeinginfected.由于某种未知的原因我与一种致命的病毒接触了五年却相安无事被感染。2[U]whensb.isinasituationwheretheyarenotprotectedfromsth.dangerousorunpleasant暴ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuchexposuretothesunisbadfortheskinandmaycausecancer.医对彭妮说在太阳底下晒太久对皮肤有害，可能会致癌。adequatea.enoughinquantityorofenoughqualityaparticularpurpose够的；充分的；合乎需要的Peopleaccusedgovernorfailingtotakeadequatewhichcouldhavepreventedthedisaster.人指责该州长对本来可以避免的灾难没有采取充分的措施。adequatelyad.足够地；充分地Somestudentsarenotadequatelypreparedforhighereducation.有学生没有充分地准备好接受高等教育。competenta.havingenoughorknowledgetodosth.toasatisfactorystandard合格的；能干的Mysecretaryisperfectlycompetent,butshedoesn’t的秘书非常能干，但是她没有多少耐心。jerkn.[C]asuddenquickmovement猛的一动；猝然一动Theoldbusstartedwithajerk,sothepassengersshookofasudden.那旧的公共汽车猛地一动，车上的乘客都突然摇晃了一下。jerkya.movingroughlywithmanystartsandstops（在行进中）不平稳的，颠簸的Afterthebuscameajerkyhalt,passengersgotoffthebus公共汽车颠簸着停下来以后，乘客们都匆忙下车了。

functionn.[C,thepurposethatsth.orthejobthatsb.orsth.does（事物的）功能，作用；（某人的）职责Oneofthechieffunctionseducationistoequipfuturecitizenswiththeirplacessociety.教育的主要职能之一是帮助未来的公民在社会上找到自己的位置。vi.workoroperateinthecorrectway正工作；正常运转IftheInternetstoppedfunctioning,theconsequentcouldbeintensbillionsofdollars.如因特网停止运作，由此产生的损失可用数百亿美元来衡量。spann.[C]aperiodoftimebetweentwodatesorevents（两个日期或事件之间的）时距，期间Propertygainedwithinthespanofmarriagesuchassalaryconsideredjointlyownedproperty.婚存续期间获得的财产，如工资，都视为夫妻共同财产。TheaveragespanforAmericansisnowmorethan74years.美国人的平均寿命现在超过了74年scratchn.[C]1(from~)fromapointwherenothinghasbeenthere,soyouhavetodoeverythingyourself从零开始；从头开始；白手起家Itmaybethefirsttimeinyearswhenhavehadstartfromscratchmakingnewfriends.这可能是多年来的第一次你不得不从头开始结交新朋友。2aorcutonthesurfaceofsth.oronThescratchonthewatchwasalmostminutesee.手表上的划痕几乎小得看不见。tunevt.1(also~up)makesmalltoanenginesothatitworksaswellpossible整，调节（发动机）使达到最佳状态Inorderkeepdriverssafe,mechanicsareurgedsurethatenginesareproperlytunedup.为保证司机的安全，一定要敦促机械师确保汽车发动机已调整好。2smallchangestoamusicalinstrumentsothatitwillproducethecorrectnotes为（乐器）调音，定弦Someoneiscomingtomorrowtotunepiano.明天会有人来给钢琴调音。v.changeormovesth.toimproveitormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose调整；调节Thefigureshavebeenadjustedfor数据因通货膨胀而作了调整。vi.

getusedtoanewsituationbychangingyourideasorthewayyoudothings适Hesoonadjustedtoarmy他很快就适应了军队生活。destinationn.[C]theplacethatsb.orsth.goingto目的地；终点Notonlydidhemefindtherightbus,heaccompaniedmemydestinationpaidtheentrancethemuseum.他但帮我找到了正确的公车，还陪我到达了目的地，并为我支付了进入博物馆的门票。precisea.exact,clearcorrect精的；准确的Inpreparingscientificreports,astudentshouldexplainfindingsinpreciselanguage.在准备科学报告时，学生应该用精确的语言来解释他的发现。beneficiala.havingagoodeffect有的；有帮助的；有用的Theresearcherisattemptingtoshowhowparentshavebeneficialconversationswiththeirchildren.这位研究者正试图示范父母可以如何跟他们的孩子展开有益的对话。assetn.1[C]amajorbenefit有条件；长处Knowingaforeignlanguageisanimportantskill,amajorsocialandbusinessassetwillbringlifetoworldsoftravelandentertainment.懂语是一门重要的技能，是促进社交和商贸的一个有利条件，它会给旅游和娱乐业带来新的生机。2[C,usu.pl.]thethingsacompanyowns,canbesolddebts资；财产Inadditiontothemoneyinaaccount,myassetsincludemymyandmyfurniture.除了银行账户里的钱以外，我的资产还包括房子、车子和家具。soura.havingasharpacidtaste,liketasteofaorafruitthatisnotreadytobeeaten酸的InmymouthIhaveasour,vinegartastefromtheofmystomach.在的嘴里有从胃中返出的醋酸味。subjunctivea.usedingrammartoexpressdoubt,wishes,etc.（法中的）虚拟语气的n.（语法中的）虚拟语气Pleasenoticethesubjunctiveusedinthesentence.请注意在句子中的虚拟语气。Phrasesandexpressionsbe/feelobligedtosth.ifareobligeddosth.,youhavetodoitbecausethesituation,thelaw,aduty,etc.

makesitnecessary（因形势、法律、义务等关系而）非做不可，迫使IValentine’sDayisatime,butIstillfeelobligedtosendmywifeacard.我觉得情人节是在浪费时间，但我还是觉得有义务送贺卡给我妻子。seriousaboutifareseriousaboutsth.,youreallymeanitandarejokingorpretending…是认真的；并非开玩笑的Whenarestayingwithyourroommates,youcannottooseriousaboutprivacy.你你的室友相处的时候，不能太计较隐私。runinto(infml.)sb.chance偶遇见某人forgotallaboutyourcousinbirthdayuntilyousuddenlyranintotoday.要不是你今天偶然遇见了你表姐，你已全然忘记了她的生日。fromhavingjustcomefromaparticularplaceorexperience刚…的；刚…历的Schoolprincipalsshouldnotexpectteachers,freshcollege,towithalargegroupofdifficultchildren.学的校长不应该指望刚从大学毕业的老师来应付一大群难以对付的孩子。Ireturnedtotheoffice,freshfromNewYork.我刚从纽约回来，现已回到了办公室。distinguishbetweenrecognizeandunderstanddifferencebetweentwomorethingspeople区分；辨别Theabilitytoreadinacriticalwayinvolvestheabilitytodistinguishbetweenfactsandthewriter’sopinionsorinterpretations.批判性阅读能力包括区分什么是事实、什么是作者自己的看法或解释的能力。SomeChristiansdonotwanttodistinguishbetweenwhatfactsandwhatismyth.一些基督徒不想辨别什么是事实，什么是神话。nailsth.down1fastensth.tosth.elsenails钉；将某物钉牢Willnaildownthatlooseboardinfloor?请那块松动的地板钉牢好吗？2(infml.)reachafinalanddefiniteagreementdecisionabout最终确定；对某事作出定论Twodaysisn’tenoughtonaildownthedetailsofanagreement.要协议的所有细节都确定下来，两天的时间是不够的。thruststh.sb.(usu.passive)forcesb.tooracceptsth.迫某人做某事；迫使某人接受某事Sheneverenjoyedthefamewasthrustonher.对强加给她的名声从感到过开心。get/feel/belostbeunableunderstandsth.becauseitisnew,difficult,complicated,etc.惘；困惑；不知所措Whenreadfaster,yourcomprehensiongoesupbecauseinsteadofgettinglostinwords,seegeneralpicture.当快速阅读的时候，理解力会上升，因为你看到的是一个整体画面，而没有拘泥于单个词汇。

become/beattractedtosth.become/beinterestedinsth.对事物产生兴趣outofcuriositybecauseofcuriosity出于好奇Shedecidedtooutofcuriosity.出于好奇，她决定跟踪他。lookuponsb./sth.considersb.orsth.inaparticularway,asaparticularthing把某/物看作Wehadestablishedageneralopinionwhichlookeduponcorruptioninpublicofficeasathreattosociety.我达成了一个共识：把公职腐败视为对社会的威胁。Weshouldlearntobecaringandconsiderateandlookuponeveryoneintheworldasourbrothersandsisters.我们应该学会关心体,把界上的每个人都看作是我们的兄弟姐妹。beequippedwithsth.beprovidedwiththingsthatareneededforparticularkindofactivityorwork以…装备；配备AlldormitoryroomsareequippedwithhighspeedInternetaccess.宿所有的房间都配备了高速互联网。Theareequippedwithvideocameras.房里都装了摄像机。withpride/anger,etc.feelextremelyproud/angry,etc.洋得意/气冲冲等Herheartswelledprideasshestoodwatchingdaughterwintherace.当站在那儿看到女儿赢得比赛时，内心充满了骄傲。comprehensive—Understanding1.Becauseheistiredoflisteningtohisfatherandheisnotinterestedingrammarrules.2.ThecivilizationofGreeceandthegloryofRomanarchitecturearesomarvelousandremarkablethattheyshouldbedescribedatleastinabriefaccount;however,whatthestudentcoulddowasonlyonesingleutterance:"whoa!"withoutanyspecificcomment.3.Becausetheschoolsfailtosethighstandardsoflanguageproficiency.Theyonlyteachalittlegrammarandlessadvancedvocabulary.Andtheyoungerteachersthemselveshavelittleknowledgeofthevitalstructuresoflanguage.

4.Becauseteachinggrammarisnotaneasyjobandmostofthestudentswilleasilygetboredifit'snotproperlydealtwith.5.Hefamiliarizedhissonwithdifferentpartsofspeechinasentenceanddiscussedtheirspecificgrammaticalfunctionsincludinghowtouseadverbstodescribeverbs.6.BecausethesonhadneverheardaboutthevariousnamesandfunctionsofwordsinanEnglishsentencebefore.7.Theauthoruses"roadmap"and"car"todescribegrammarandvocabulary.Here,"roadmap"isconsideredasgrammarand"car"asvocabulary.8.Sincethesubjunctivemoodhissonusedisafairlyadvancedgrammarstructure,theinterjection"whoa!"reflectsthetremendouspridethefatherhadtowardhisson;italsoreflectstheauthor'shumorinusingthewordbecauseitwasonceusedbyhisstudent,thoughintwodifferentsituationsandwithtwodifferentfeelings.—Criticalthinking1.•Motivation.•Familysupport.•Peerpressure.•Financialstatus.•Futurecareergoals.2.Englishgrammarhelpsalotinthefollowing:•Ordersentencescorrectly.•Usewordsproperly.•Talkwithotherspeakersconfidently.Englishgrammarisoflittlehelp:•Onlygivesrulesthatarehardto

•Isnothelpfulinarealsettingduetothelimitedtimetothinkandrecalltherules.•Notalwaysapplicabletothereallanguage,especially3.•Usemorecommunicativeways.•Encouragealotofinteractions.•Putsentencesinmeaningfulcontexts.4.•ReadEnglishfromonline•WatchEnglishTV/listentoEnglishradio/watchEnglishonlinevideos.•TalkoftenwithEnglishspeakers.•Listencarefullyextensively.•Usedictionariestolookupunfamiliar•Usenewwordsasoftenaspossible.5.•Readnewspapers,magazines,books.•WriteEnglishasoftenas•WriteemailsinEnglishLanguagefocus—Wpetent8.adjusting9.precisely10.beneficialLanguagefocus——WordBuildingpractice11.managerial2.editorial3.substance4.survival5.tradition6.margin7.consistency8.accuracy9.efficient10.recovery11.ministry12.assembly

Languagefocus——Wordpractice21.editorial2.recovery3.accuracy4.substance5.managerial6.margin7.assembly8.Ministry9.survival10.tradition11.consistency12.efficientLanguagefocus—Bankedcloze1.obliged2.tedious3.beneficial4.abundant5.adjusted6.bulk7.evidently8.functions9.efficiently10.distressLanguagefocus——in1.feelobligedto2.beseriousabout3.runinto4.distinguishbetween5.thrustupon6.wasallergicto7.getlost8.beattractedto9.makesense10.lookeduponasStructureanalysisandwriting——StructurewritingSomebookwormsinmydormitoryoftenspendhoursreadingtheir"Bible",PracticalEnglish,anddoalotofexercisesinthatbook,butIdon'tcareaboutitatall.MyassumptionissinceIhaveneverlearnedChinesegrammar,what'sthesenseoflearningEnglishgrammar?Infact,Englishgrammarhasalwaysbeenabigheadachetome.

Englishgrammarisverycomplicatedbecause,unlikeChinese,therearemanyverbtenses.Evenstrangerthanverbtenses,Englishgrammaralsocontainssomethingveryconfusing.Forexample,Idon'trememberhowmanytimesmymiddleschoolteachertriedto"impose"thedifferencesbetweenusedtoandusedtoonus.Sometimeshewouldgoonwiththeexplanationfor20minutesorso.Heevensummarizedthedifferencesbylistingthreeorfourpointsforustomemorize.However,theycouldneverstayinmyhead.Idon'trememberhowmanytimesIgotitwrongwiththesentencescontainingusedtoorbeusedtoonmyexams.Iwasreallyconfusedwiththesetwophrases,andIcannevergetthemright.Inbrief,I'mallergictolearningEnglishgrammar.Curiously,IjustwonderifthenativespeakersofEnglishhaveamicrocomputerintheirbraintohelpthemutterthetwophrasespromptlywithjustaclickoftheirbrainmouse!Readingskills—Practice1.Hefoundhecouldn'tcommunicatewell.2.Hewasamazedathowcloselyrelatedthewordsseemed.3.MalcolmXkeptthinkingwhathehadlearned.4.MalcolmXfoundhewasimprovinggradually.5.Hejoinedtheworldcommunityofthoughtsandactions.

Unit2AVocabularyaccountingn.[U]theworkaccountantsorthemethodstheyuse会；会计学Students’majorobjectivetobefinanciallywelloff.Accordingly,todaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistoryaccounting.学生的主要目的是在经济上富裕。因此，当今最流行的课程不是文学或历史，而是会计。calculatevt.1ajudgmentaboutwhatislikelytohappenusingtheavailableinformation计预；推测It’sdifficultcalculatethelongeffectsofthesechangesinlaw.这法律上的变化带来的长期影响是难以预测的。2findhowmuchsth.willcost,howlongsth.take,etc.byusingnumbers计算；核算Nowadaystheaccountantsinenterprisescomputerscalculatecostofproductionwithaccuracy.如今，企业财会人员利用电脑来计算准确的生产成本。boostvt.increaseorimprovesth.tomakemoresuccessful促进；推动；使兴旺Somecountrieshopethatwarmerweatherandmorewillboosttheiroutput.一些国家希望更温暖的天气和更多的降雨能提高他们的农业产量。prospectn.[C,sth.thatispossibleorlikelytohappeninthefuture,orthepossibilityitself可能的事情；很可能发生的事情；前景Careerprospectsscienceandtechnologyarevirtuallyunlimited.科类职业的前景几乎是无可限量的。vi.leaveacountry,politicalparty,ororganizationtogotoanotherone背；叛逃Hedefectedthepartyinthelate1970s.他20世纪70年后期背叛了该党。n.[C]afaultinsb.orsth.缺；欠缺；不足之处Stammeringisprobablyaninheriteddefect.口可能是一种遗传缺陷。

applieda.(usu.beforenoun)usedfordescribingeducationalsubjectswhentheyarestudiedfortheirpracticaluses（科）应用的，实用的Industryleaderswantscientiststoengageinbasicresearch,notappliedresearch.产领导者们希望科学家们从事基础研究，而不是应用研究。Asanappliedscientist,hedoesnotwishgetmixedupinthecurrentdiscussionofpuremathematics.作一个应用科学家，他不希望与目前讨论的纯数学混淆。bet(bet,bet)vt.befairlysuresth.istrue,thatsth.willhappen,etc.,althoughyoucan’tprovethis肯Ithetrainwillbe我敢打赌，列车会晚点。v.riskmoneytheresultofarace,game,competitionorotherfutureevent下注；与…赌Imylifethathewilltakemymoneyandleave.我敢用我的命打赌，他将拿着我的钱离开。persistvi.1(fml.)continuetoexist继存在；持续Ifthebadweatherpersists,thefarmerssuffergreatthisyear.如恶劣天气持续，农民今年将遭受巨大的损失。2continuetodosth.,althoughthisisdifficult,orotheropposeit坚持；执意Studentsmustpersistintheireffortsiftheywishtowell.学生如果想取得好成绩就必须坚持努力。v.happenormakesth.happenatafasterrate（）加快；促进Humanactivitiescancauseoracceleratepermanentchangesinnaturalsystems.人类的活动可能导致或加速自然系统的永久变化。successionn.[sing.]aseriesofpeopleorthingsthetype一连串，一系列（同类型的人或物）Aftergraduationhetookasuccessionlow-paidjobs.毕后他干了一连串报酬低微的工作。liberala.1(~arts)schoolorcollegesubjectsthatgivestudentsageneraleducationandteachthemthinkratherthanthosesubjectsthatdeveloppracticalskills文科Theliberalarecollegeoruniversitysubjectssuchashistory,languagesandliteraturebutnotsciences.文是学院或大学的如历史、语言和文学之类的学习科目，而不是理科学科。2acceptingdifferentopinionsandwaysofbehavingandtendingtobesympathetictootherpeople心胸宽广的；开明的Sheisknowntohaveliberalviewsondivorce.人们知道她对离婚持有开明的观点。

logicala.connectingideasorreasonsinasensibleway合乎逻辑的；合理的Itislogicaltothinkthatwhenpeoplearedeprivedoftheirfamiliarsurroundingstheywillfeeldisoriented.脱离熟悉的环境时，人们会感到迷失方向，这样想是符合逻辑的。Onlywheneachlogicalstephasbeencheckedbyothermathematicianswilltheproofbeaccepted.只有当其他数学家检查了每一个合乎逻辑的步骤后，这个证据才会被接受。a.(~to)sth.istohappenwillalmostcertainlyhappen一的；几乎肯定的Theweatheristobettertomorrow.明天的天气肯定更好。dominanta.moreimportant,powerful,successfulthantheotherpeopleorthingsofthe有势的；占统治地位的Unemploymentratewillbethedominantissuethenextpresidentelection.失率将是下次总统选举中的主要话题。pillarn.[C]1averyimportantpartofasystemofbeliefsorideas（信仰或思想）非常重要的部分Equalityisoneofthepillarsofastablesociety.平是一个稳定社会的支柱之一。IBM'sthreepillarsofbusinesswisdomareservice,people,andperfection.IBM其业智慧的三大支柱是服务、人员、和完美。2athickstronguprightpostsupportspartabuilding柱；支柱Eightmassivestonepillarssupportedtheroof.八根巨大的石柱支撑起房顶。vivida.havingorproducingveryclearanddetailedimagesinthemind清的；生动的Hegaveaveryvividandoftenshockingaccountofhistimeinprison.他述了他在监狱的往事，非常生动，也非常令人震惊。compelvt.forcesb.todosth.强迫；迫使Asaschoolboy,hewascompelledtowearshortseveninwinter.他还是一个在校的小男孩时，即使在冬天他也被迫穿短裤。erestingorexcitingenoughtokeepyourattentioncompletely有烈吸引力的引人入胜的Steve’a是个引人入胜的故事。promotevt.

supportorencouragesth.支持；鼓励；提倡Toacknowledgeothercultureswillgoodwillamongpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.承认别人的文化会促进不同背景的人之间的友好亲善。speculatev.considerordiscusswhysth.hashappened思索；沉思；推测；猜测Archeologistsspeculatepeoplereachedtheislandsover1,000yearsago.考古学家们推测人类第一次到达这些岛屿是在一千多年前。Scientistsonlyspeculateonlifeonotherplanets.科学家只能推测生活在其他行星上的生命。mysteryn.[C,usu.sth.thatyouarenotabletounderstand,explain,orinformationabout不思议的事物；无法解释的事物；谜NoonehadeverbeenabletoexplainthemysteryoftheBermudaTriangle.从没有人能够解释百慕大三角之谜。destructionn.[U]thatissothatsth.stopsexistingorcanneverreturntoitsnormalstate毁灭；摧毁；破坏ThedestructioncausedbywarsanddeathofofpeopleshookthefoundationofWesternidealism.太的战争所造成的破坏和数以百万计人的死亡动摇了西方理想主义的基础。n.[U]thepracticedeliberatelydoingthingsthatarelikelytoseriouslyharmorkillyourself自残；自毁unconsciousa.relatingtoorcomingfrompartofyourmindinwhichtherearethoughtsandfeelingsthatyoudonotrealizeyouhave潜意识的；下意识的；无意识的Idon’tknowifnoticedmyunconsciousdesire.我知他是否注意到我潜意识的愿望。destructivea.causingseveredamageorharm破性的；毁灭性的Lackoftrustisdestructiveinarelationship.缺乏信任在人际关系中是很具有破坏性的。architectn.[C]sb.whosejobistodesignbuildings建师Heisthearchitectofthisbuilding,andhe’salwaysontheconstructionsite.他这个大楼的建筑师，他总出现在施工现场。

philosophern.[C]sb.studiesandtriestoexplainthemeaningofthingssuchknowledge,orbeliefs哲家；哲人PlatowasaGreekphilosopher.柏图是古希腊哲学家。landscapen.[C]1aphotographorpaintingshowinganareacountrysideorland风景照；风景画Adamsiswell-knownforhislandscapesYosemiteNational亚斯以他所作的优胜美地国家公园风景画而闻名。2anareaoflandisbeautifultolookatorhasaparticulartypeofappearance（上的）风景，景致，景色Thelandscapeisdottedwithtentsofcampers.露者的帐篷点缀了风景。fertilea.1abletoproducegoodideasorresults富有成果的；富有想象力的Apoetmusthaveafertileimagination.诗人必须有丰富的想象力。2abletoproducegoodcropsorplants（土地）肥沃的，富饶的FertilesoilhelpsCanadarankamongthe’sleadingwheatproducers.肥沃的土壤帮助加拿大跻身世界主要小麦生产国。eleganta.1veryintelligentyetsimple（想法或计划）巧妙的，简洁的Thedocumentimpressedmewithitselegantsimplicity.该文件给我留下了精辟简明的深刻印象。ProfessorFreudwasimpressedwiththeelegantsimplicityhisstudent’sessay.弗洛伊德教授对他学生的典雅古朴的短文留下了深刻的印象。2beautiful,attractiveandgraceful优的；高雅的Patricialookedbeautifulandelegantalways.帕特里夏看上去总是那么美丽优雅。analysisn.[C,processofstudyingorexaminingsth.detailinorderunderstanditorexplain分析IaminterestedinClareanalysisofthesituationChina.我克莱尔对中国形势的分析很感兴趣。spectaculara.extremelyimpressive引人入胜的；非常壮观的Therewasaspectacularsunsetlastnight.昨的日落极其壮观。brandn.

[C]aproductorgroupproductsthathasitsownnameandisbyoneparticularcompany品；商标TheBeatlesareprobablyoneofmostspectacularbrandsofmusicianstheworld.披士可能是全世界音乐界里最吸引人的品牌之一了。‘CocaColaisprobablythemostrecognizedbrandaroundtheworld.可口可乐可能是世界上最广泛认可的品牌名称。investv.useyourmoneywiththeaimofmakingaprofitit投资Heinvestedallourprofitsingoldshares.他把我们所有的利润都投资进了黄金股。insightn.1[U]theabilitytonoticeunderstandalotaboutpeopleorsituations洞力；领悟力Itwasaninterestingbook,fulloffascinatingintohumannature.这是一本有趣的书满了对人性绝妙的洞察力。2[C,U]asuddenclearunderstandingofsth.,plicated顿；洞悉；见解Herresearchhasgivenusinsightintowhatsparksateenagercuriosity.她研究使我们顿悟到什么会引起青少年的好奇心。therebyad.(fml.)becauseoforbymeansofwhathasjustbeenmentioned因；从而；借此Westartedourjourneytherebyavoidingmostofthetraffic.我早早地开始了我们的旅程，从而避开了交通堵塞的高峰期。scopen.[U]therangeofthingsthataparticularactivity,organization,subject,etc.dealswith（活动、机构或学术）范围undertakevt.(undertook,undertaken)agreetoberesponsibleforajoborprojectdoit承；着手做Dr.JohnsonundertookthetaskwritingacomprehensiveEnglishdictionary.约逊博士着手写一本详尽的英语词典。candidaten.[C]sb.isbeingconsideredforajoboriscompetinginanelection候选人OneUScorporationofferedalargeofmoneyinsupportofapresiden