英语专四试题

WORD资料.可编辑WORD资料.可编辑专业技术.整理分享专业技术.整理分享WORD资料.可编辑专业技术.整理分享QUESTIONBOOKLETQUESTIONBOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。严禁保留、出版或复印。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2018)-GRADEFOUR-TIMELIMIT:130MINPARTIDICTATION [10MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION [20MIN]SECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA,B,CandD,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.A.ManyforeignlanguagesarespokeninBritain.EveryoneinBritaincanspeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishareunabletospeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishcansurviveontheirmothertongue.A.Chinese.Polish.Punjabi.Urdu.A.Tohelpimproveinternationaltrade.Toallowaspeakertoholdasimpletalk.Toimprovetheeducationsystem.Toencouragelearninganotherlanguage.A.Itgivesyouself-satisfaction.B.Itmakesyoumoreconfident.Itgivesyouanadvantage.Itmakesyouworkhard.A.Workmates.Schoolmates.Teacherandstudent.Brotherandsister.ConversationTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.A.Adangerousevent.Anunreasonablefear.Asmallprobability.Arisk-assessingability.A.Oneinonemillion.Oneinfourmillion.Oneinfourteenmillion.Oneinfortymillion.A.Futureevents.Catastrophicevents.Small-scaledisasters.Smokinghazards.A.Travelingbyair.Ridingabicycle.Catchingbirdflu.Smokingcigarettes.A.Theygetpleasurefromrisks.Theycancontrolpotentialrisks.Theycanassessdangerfromrisks.Theyhavestrongneedsforrisks.PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE [10MIN]Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.TheBentPyramidoutsideCairo______ancientEgypt’sfirstattempttobuildasmooth-sidedpyramid.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeenwasbelievedtobeisbelievedtohavebeenisbelievedtobeU.S.News______rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.maintainsismaintainingmaintainedhasbeenmaintainingHewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot______havecommitted.actuallyaccidentallyotherwiseseldomShewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof______mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.bluehazyVirginiahazyblueVirginiaVirginiahazyblueVirginiabluehazyIlongtoalleviate______,butIcannot.theevilevilevilsanevilIndeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming______.wararewarofwarareofwarAt______,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.itsmostbasicB.itsbasicthemostbasicthebasicShehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”isused______.toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfactWhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat’sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I’mgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses______.ahypothesisasuggestionacontradictionasurpriseWhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto______,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.A.justicetestimonytrialverdict______,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.QuestionablyArguablyContentiouslyDebatablyPriceshaverecentlyriseninorderto______theincreasedcostofrawmaterials.A.cutbuoyofferoffsetThecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasno______ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”recommendationrecordingrecollectionrecognitionWhatactually______agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsideredbeautiful.consistsconstitutescomposesconstructsTheschoolisgoingthe______miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.finalfurthersupplementaryextraTheteachers’union______alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.firedfiledfinedfilledLastMarchthe______ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.debrisruinsremainswreckShe’swornhisdesignson______occasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.A.countlesscountablenumericalnumeralAleading______intelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisofworldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.oceangoingoceanicmarinemaritimePARTIVCLOZE [10MIN]Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.A.accompaniesB.automaticallyC.coupleD.goesE.indebtednessF.kindG.mannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obeyK.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtueO.widespreadAfewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponsehereceivedwasamazing–holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityofthe______(31)professor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andthey______(32)sentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfulofweaponsofinfluencearoundus–theruleofreciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,in______(33),whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoher______(34)inreturn;ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifa______(35)invitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.By______(36)ofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitfor______(37)tocompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged”hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,”notonlyintheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleofreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthat______(38)withitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itisso______(39)thatafterintensivestudy,sociologistscanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythatdoesnot______(40)totherule.PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION [35MIN]SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE(1)TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcolonieswhichwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurched,noblemenandaristocrats.ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofallAmericanvalues.By“freedom,”Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.(2)Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:self-reliance.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievethattheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasanequalchancetoenterachanceandsucceedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheUS.Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:competition.Ifmuchoflifeisseenasarace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewithothers.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnocompetesuccessfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“landofplenty”wheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerialsuccess.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:hardwork.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople’sabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,theyshouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.Para.4seemstosuggestthat_______.AmericansarebornwithasenseofcompetitionthepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartsworksuccessfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansocietycompetitionresultsinequalityofopportunitiesWhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?A.Comparison.Causeandeffect.Definition.Processanalysis.PASSAGETWOTheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyexplosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,economicsand–perhapsmostimportantly–peace.NotallawardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemforrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardsceremoniesforallkindsofthings.TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe(mostly)Americanfilmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditis,anannualopportunityforbigstarstogiveeachotherawardsandmaketearfulspeeches.AswellasthattherearealsotheGoldenGlobes,apparentlyforthesamething.Butit’snotonlyfilms–nowtherearealsoGrammies,Brits,theMercuryPrizeandtheMTVandQawardsformusic.InBritain,awriterwhowinstheBookerprizecanexpecttoseetheirdifficult,literarynovelhitthebestsellerlistsandcompetewith“TheDaVinciCode”forpopularity.TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforaBritishcontemporaryartist–eachyearitcausescontroversybyapparentlygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,putanimalsinglasscasesor–thisyear–buildagardenshed.Awardsdon’tonlyexistforthearts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheyearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange–sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitiontopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon’tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren’tshortofcash!Manysmalltownsandcommunitiesallovertheworldalsohavetheirownawardsceremonies,forlocalwritersorartists,orjustforpeoplewhohavegraduatedfromhighschoolorgotauniversitydegree.EventheBritishCouncilhasitsownawardsfor“InnovationinEnglishLanguageTeaching”.Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartistscouldwin“patronage”fromrichpeople–akingoralordwouldgivetheartistorscientistmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.Withthechangeinsocialsystemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Scientificresearchisnoweitherfundedbythegovernmentorbyprivatecompanies.Perhapsawardsceremoniesarejustthemostrecentfaceofthisprocess.However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewillgoandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelprize,manymorepeoplebuytheirbooks.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupsellsslotsmorerecords.Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits–butalsothesponsors.TheMTVawards,forexample,aregreatforpublicizingnotonlymusic,butalsoMTVitself!Onthesurface,itseemstobea“win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion–howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?Whatistheauthor’stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,theGoldenGlobesandGrammies(Paras.3&4)?A.Amused.Appreciative.Sarcastic.Serious.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters?A.Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6?A.Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions.Awardsceremoniesareheldofallsortsofreasons.AccordingtoPara.8,onedifferencebetweenscientistsandartistsinthepastandthoseatpresentliesin_______.natureofworkpersonalcontactsourceoffundingsocialstatusItcanbeconcludedfromPara.12thattheauthorthinksawards_______.promotemarketratherthanachievementsdogoodtobothmarketandpopularityhelpthosewhoarereallytalentedareeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopularPASSAGETHREEKnowingthatMrs.Mallardwassufferingfromahearttrouble,greatcarewastakentobreaktoherasgentlyaspossiblethenewsofherhusband’sdeath.ItwashersisterJosephinewhotoldher,inbrokensentence.Herhusband’sfriendRichardswasthere,too,nearher.Itwashewhohadbeeninthenewspaperofficewhennewsoftherailroaddisasterwasreceived,withBrentlyMallard’snameleadingthelistof“killed.”Hehadonlytakenthetimetoassurehimselfofitstruthbyasecondtelegram.Sheweptatonce,inhersister’sarms.Whenthestormofgriefhadspentitselfshewentawaytoherroomalone.Shewouldhavenoonefollowher.Therestood,facingtheopenwindow,acomfortablearmchair.Intothisshesank,presseddownbyaphysicalexhaustionthathauntedherbodyandseemedtoreachintohersoul.Shecouldseeintheopensquarebeforeherhousethetopsoftrees.Thedeliciousbreathofrainwasintheair.Inthestreetbelowapeddlerwascryinghiswares.Thenotesofadistantsongwhichsomeonewassingingreachedherfaintly,andcountlesssparrowsweretwitteringintheeaves.Therewerepatchesofblueskyshowinghereandtherethroughthecloudsthathadmetandpiledoneabovetheotherinthewestfacingherwindow.Shesatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecushionofthechair,quitemotionless,exceptwhenasobcameupintoherthroatandshookher,asachildwhohascrieditselftosleepcontinuestosobinitsdreams.Shewasyoung,withafair,calmface,whoselinesbespokerepressionandevenacertainstrength.Butnowtherewasadullstareinhereyes,whosegazewasfixedoutthereononeofthosepatchesofbluesky.Itwasnotaglanceofreflection,butratherindicatedasuspensionofintelligentthought.Therewassomethingcomingtoherandshewaswaitingforit,fearfully.Whatwasit?Shedidnotknow;itwastoosubtleandelusivetoname.Butshefeltit,creepingoutofthesky,reachingtowardherthroughthesounds,thescents,thecolorthatfilledtheair.Nowherbosomroseandfelltumultuously.Shewasbeginningtorecognizethisthingthatwasapproachingtopossessher,andshewasstrivingtobeatitbackwithherwill–aspowerlessashertwowhiteslenderhandswouldhavebeen.Whensheabandonedherselfalittlewhisperedwordescapedherslightlypartedlips.Shesaiditoverandoverunderherbreath:“free,free,free!”Thevacantstareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereyes.Theystayedkeenandbright.Herpulsesbeatfast,andthecoursingbloodwarmedandrelaxedeveryinchofherbody.Sheknewthatshewouldweepagainwhenshesawthekind,tenderhandsfoldedindeath;theface,fixedandgrayanddead.Butshesawbeyondthatbittermomentalongprocessionofyearstocomethatwouldbelongtoherabsolutely.Andsheopenedandspreadherarmsouttotheminwelcome.Therewouldbenoonetoliveforduringthosecomingyears;shewouldliveforherself.Therewouldbenopowerfulwillbendinghersinthatblindpersistencewithwhichmenandwomenbelievetheyhavearighttoimposeaprivatewilluponafellow-creature.Andyetshehadlovedhim–sometimes.Oftenshehadnot.Whatdiditmatter!Whatcouldlove,theunsolvedmystery,countforinfaceofthispossessionofself-assertionwhichshesuddenlyrecognizedasthestrongestimpulseofherbeing!“Free!Bodyandsoulfree!”shekeptwhispering.Josephinewaskneelingbeforethecloseddoorwithherlipstothekeyhole,imploringforadmission.“Louise,openthedoor!Ibeg;openthedoor–youwillmakeyourselfill.Whatareyoudoing,Louise?Forheaven’ssakeopenthedoor.”“Goaway.Iamnotmakingmyselfill.”No;shewasdrinkinginaveryelixir（长生不老药）oflifethroughthatopenwindow.Herfancywasrunningriotalongthosedaysaheadofher.Springdays,andsummerdays,andallsortsofdaysthatwouldbeherown.Shebreathedaquickprayerthatlifemightbelong.Itwasonlyyesterdayshehadthoughtwithashudderthatlifemightbelong.Shearoseatlengthandopenedthedoor.Therewasafeverishtriumphinhereyes,andshecarriedherselfunwittinglylikeagoddessofVictory.Sheclaspedhersister’swaist,andtogethertheydescendedthestairs.Richardsstoodwaitingforthematthebottom.Someonewasopeningthefrontdoorwithalatchkey.ItwasBrentlyMallardwhoentered,alittletravel-stained,composedlycarryinghisbagandumbrella.Hehadbeenfarfromthesceneoftheaccident,anddidnotevenknowtherehadbeenone.HestoodamazedatJosephine’spiercingcry;atRichards’quickmotiontoscreenhimfromtheviewofhiswife.ButRichardswastoolate.Whenthedoctorscametheysaidshehaddiedofheartdisease–ofthejoythatkills.HowdidMrsMallardgetthenewsofherhusband’sdeath?A.Herhusband’sfriendtoldher.B.Shehadreaditfromthepaper.HersisterJosephinetoldher.Herdoctorbrokethenewstoher.WhenMrsMallardwasaloneinherroom,she_______.satinanarmchairallthetimesatwithherbackfacingthewindowsatandthenwalkedaroundforawhilesatinachairandcriedallthetimeHowdidshefeelaboutherlovetowardsherhusband?A.Shehatedherhusband.Shewasindifferentnow.Shefoundithardtodescribe.Shehadlovedhimallalong.SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearefiveshortanswerquestionsbasedonthepassagesinSectionA.AnswerthequestionswithNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONEOfallthevaluesmentionedinthepassage,whichoneisregardedasthemostfundamental?PASSAGETWOWhatcanbeinferredfromthesentence“NotallawardsareasnobleastheNobels.”accordingtoPara.2?WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromPara.5?PASSAGETHREEWhatwasMrsMallard’smoodwhenshewasleftaloneintheroom?ThedoctorssaidthatMrsMallarddiedofheartdisease–ofjoythatkills.Whatdoyouthinkistherealcauseofherdeath?

PARTVIWRITING [45MIN]Readcarefully