Unit+3+Section+Ⅲ++Discovering+Useful+Structures+课件【知识精讲精研+备课精准突破】 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种是______引语；另一种是______引语。直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，直接引语一般前后要加引号。间接引语是用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号。直接间接

直接引语与间接引语的变化1．人称变化2．时态变化

(主句为一般过去时)和特殊时态变化3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化4．连接词和语序变化1．人称变化直接引语变间接引语时的人称变化遵循以下原则：一随主，直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致。Hesays,

“Ilikemathverymuch.”→Hesaysthathelikesmathverymuch.二随宾，直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。HesaidtoLily,

“Youmustgetupearly.”→HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.三不变，直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变。Shesaidtome,

“Theywanttohelphim.”→Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.变化口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。

(1)HesaidtoJack，“Youarethefirsttoreachheretoday.”→HetoldJackthat____wasthefirsttoreachtherethatday.he(2)LindasaidtoTim，“Iwillgotherewithyou.”→LindatoldTimthat_____wouldgotherewith_____．shehim(3)Herhusbandsaidtoher，“Wheredidyouputmycoat？”→Herhusbandaskedherwhere_____hadput_____coat.shehis直接引语与间接引语的变化(4)“Whydoyoucryagain,

Carol？”

askedtheteacher.→TheteacheraskedCarolwhy_____criedagain.(5)HesaidtoTom,

“Shecanhelpthem.”→HetoldTomthat_____couldhelp______．sheshethem注意绿色部分，主句引述动词为过去式。2．时态变化(主句为一般过去时)直接引语间接引语一般现在时

do一般过去时

did现在进行时

bedoing过去进行时

was\weredoing现在完成时

have\hasdone过去完成时

haddone一般过去时

did过去完成时

haddone过去完成时

haddone过去完成时

haddone一般将来时

willdo过去将来时

woulddoHisfriendsaidtohim,

“Weareplanningtohaveapicnic.”现在进行→Hisfriendtoldhimthattheywereplanningtohaveapicnic.过去进行Theorganizersaid,

“Wehavebegunourplan.”现在完成→Theorganizersaidthattheyhadbeguntheirplan.过去完成Hesaid,

“Shewillgohome.”一般将来→Hesaidthatshewouldgohome.过去将来特殊时态变化(1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，时态不变。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth，”theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.老师告诉我，地球绕着太阳转，月球绕着地球转。(2)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语时，时态不变。Tomsaid,“IwasbornonApril21,1980.”→TomsaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.汤姆说他生于1980年4月21日。(1)Hesaid,

“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaidthat______________________．(2)Thedesignersaid,

“Wehavebegunourproject.”→Thedesignersaidthat____________________________．(3)Myfathersaid,

“Practicemakesperfect.”→Myfathersaid________________________．(4)Isaid,

“Iwillgivehersomeadvicetomorrow.”→Isaidthat_______________________________________．helikeditverymuchtheyhadbeguntheirprojectpracticemakesperfectIwouldgivehersomeadvicethenextday练一练3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化引语用词直接引语间接引语指示代词this这个that那个these这些those那些地点状语here这儿there那儿方向性动词bring带来take带走come来go去引语用词直接引语间接引语时间状语now现在then那时today今天thatday那天thismorning今天上午thatmorning那天上午tonight今天晚上thatnight那天晚上tomorrow明天thenext/followingday第二天引语用词直接引语间接引语时间状语yesterday昨天thedaybefore前一天lastnight昨天晚上thenightbefore前一天晚上thedaybeforeyesterday前天twodaysbefore两天前threedaysago三天前threedaysbefore三天前nextweek下一周thenext/followingweek第二周ago(至今)以前before(那时)以前Hesaid,

“Iopenedthewindowthismorning.”→Hesaidthathehadopenedthewindowthatmorning.Themanagersaidtome,

“Youmustgotherenextweek.”→ThemanagertoldmethatIhadtogotherethenextweek.“Areyouleavingtodayortomorrow?”JoanaskedKate.→JoanaskedKateif/whethershewasleavingthatdayorthenextday.“Whenyoucomehere,

willyoupleasebringadictionary?”theeditorsaidtotheworker.→Theeditoraskedwhethertheworkerwouldtakeadictionarywhenhewentthere.(1)“Shewashereoneweekago.”saidJohn.→Johnsaidthat_________________________________．(2)“Heiscomingtonight，”mymothersaidtome.→Mymothertoldmethat_________________________．(3)Theysaid,

“Wearrivedthismorning.”→Theysaidthat_______________________________．shehadbeenthereoneweekbeforehewascomingthatnighttheyhadarrivedthatmorning练一练(4)Hesaid,

“Ibroughtithomewithme.”→Hesaidthat_______________________________．(5)Jimsaid,

“Iwenttohelpmyparentsyesterday.”→Jimsaidthat_____________________________________________．hehadtakenithomewithhimhehadgonetohelphisparentsthedaybefore练一练4．连接词和语序变化句式连接词语序陈述句that或省略不变一般疑问句引述动词后加上if或whether陈述语序特殊疑问句连接词不变陈述语序祈使句无连接词不变Hesaidtome,

“Youcanhelpher.”陈述句→Hesaidtome(that)Icouldhelpher.Heaskedher,

“Doyouloveme？”一般疑问句→Heaskedherwhether/ifshelovedhim.Heaskedme,

“Whatcolordoyoulike？”特殊疑问句→Heaskedmewhat

colorIliked.Heshouted,

“Lily,

closethedoor.”祈使句肯定→HetoldLilytoclosethedoor.Hesaidtome,

“Don‘tbelate.”祈使句否定→Heaskedmenottobelate.(1)Marywroteinherletter,

“MrLiu,

whenwillyoucometoAmerica？”→Maryaskedinherletter__________________________________．(2)“Whereareyougoing？”thefatheraskedhisson.→Thefatheraskedhisson____________________．whenMrLiuwouldcometoAmericawherehewasgoing练一练(3)Theteachersaid,

“WereyouatschoolwhenIcalledyou？”→Theteacherasked________________________________________．(4)“Listentotheteachercarefullyinclass！”saidMrWangtohisson.