托福阅读真题及答案精选

千里之行，始于第2页/共2页精品文档推荐托福阅读真题及答案精选托福阅读中，无论是阅读速度还是解题技巧，亦或是长难句，每一种因素都会成为同学们阅读高分路上的重要障碍。因此，大家最好的备考方式，就是利用真题练习，从整体上来备考，这样有助于我们提高整体的阅读水平。学习啦为大家推举的是托福阅读真题精选，供大家练习。

托福阅读真题1

TulipsareOldWorld,ratherthanNewWorld,plants,withtheoriginsofthespecieslyinginCentralAsia.TheybecameanintegralpartofthegardensoftheOttomanEmpirefromthesixteenthcenturyonward,and,soonafter,partofEuropeanlifeaswell.Holland,inparticular,becamefamousforitscultivationoftheflower.

AtenuouslinemarkedtheadvanceofthetuliptotheNewWorld,whereitwasunknowninthewild.ThefirstDutchcoloniesinNorthAmericahadbeenestablishedinNewNetherlandsbytheDutchWestIndiaCompanyin1624,andoneindividualwhosettledinNewAmsterdam(todaysManhattansectionofNewYorkCity)in1642describedtheflowersthatbravelycolonizedthesettlersgardens.TheywerethesameflowersseeninDutchstill-lifepaintingsofthetime:crownimperials,roses,carnations,andofcoursetulips.TheyflourishedinPennsylvaniatoo,wherein1698WilliamPennreceivedareportofJohnTatehamsGreatandStatelyPalace,itsgardenfulloftulips.By1760,Bostonnewspaperswereadvertising50differentkindsofmixedtuliproots.ButthelengthofthejourneybetweenEuropeandNorthAmericacreatedmanydifficulties.ThomasHancock,anEnglishsettler,wrotethankinghisplantsupplierforagiftofsometulipbulbsfromEngland,buthisletterthefollowingyeargrumbledthattheywerealldead.

TulipsarrivedinHolland,Michigan,withalaterwaveofearlynineteenth-centuryDutchimmigrantswhoquicklycolonizedtheplainsofMichigan.TogetherwithmanyotherDutchsettlements,suchastheoneatPella,Iowa,theyestablishedaregulardemandforEuropeanplants.Thedemandwasbravelymetbyanewkindoftulipentrepreneur,thetravelingsalesperson.OneDutchman,HendrickvanderSchoot,spentsixmonthsin1849travelingthroughtheUnitedStatestakingordersfortulipbulbs.WhiletulipbulbsweretravelingfromEuropetotheUnitedStatestosatisfythenostalgiclongingsofhomesickEnglishandDutchsettlers,NorthAmericanplantsweretravelingintheoppositedirection.InEngland,theenthusiasmforAmericanplantswasonereasonwhytulipsdroppedoutoffashioninthegardensoftherichandfamous.

1.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthepassagemainlyanswer?

(A)WhatisthedifferencebetweenanOldWorldandaNewWorldplant?

(B)Whyaretulipsgrowninmanydifferentpartsoftheworld?

(C)HowdidtulipsbecomepopularinNorthAmerica?

(D)WherewerethefirstDutchcoloniesinNorthAmericalocated?

2.Thewordintegralinline2isclosestinmeaningto

(A)interesting

(B)fundamental

(C)ornamental

(D)overlooked

3.Thepassagementionsthattulipswerefirstfoundinwhichofthefollowingregions?

(A)CentralAsia

(B)WesternEurope

(C)India

(D)NorthAmerica

4.Thewordflourishedinline11isclosestinmeaningto

(A)werediscovered

(B)weremarketed

(C)combined

(D)thrived

5.TheauthormentionstulipgrowinginNewNetherlands,Pennsylvania.andMichiganinorderto

illustratehow

(A)importedtulipswereconsideredmorevaluablethanlocallygrowntulips

(B)tulipswerecommonlypassedasgiftsfromonefamilytoanother

(C)tulipsgrewprogressivelymorepopularinNorthAmerica

(D)attitudestowardtulipsvariedfromonelocationtoanother

6.Thewordgrumbledinline16isclosestinmeaningto

(A)denied

(B)warned

(C)complained

(D)explained

7.ThepassagementionsthatonereasonEnglishandDutchsettlersplantedtulipsintheir

gardenswasthattulips

(A)wereeasytogrow

(B)hadbecomereadilyavailable

(C)madethemappearfashionable

(D)remindedthemofhome

8.Thewordtheyinline20refersto

(A)tulips

(B)plains

(C)immigrants

(D)plants

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingchangesoccurredinEnglishgardensduring

theEuropeansettlementofNorthAmerica?

(A)TheygrewinsizeinordertoprovideenoughplantstoexporttotheNewWorld.

(B)Theycontainedawidervarietyoftulipsthaneverbefore.

(C)TheycontainedmanynewtypesofNorthAmericanplants.

(D)Theydecreasedinsizeontheestatesofwealthypeople.

10.Thepassagementionswhichofthefollowingasaproblemassociatedwiththeimportationof

tulipsintoNorthAmerica?

(A)Theywerenolongerfashionablebythetimetheyarrived.

(B)Theyoftenfailedtosurvivethejourney.

(C)Ordersoftentooksixmonthsorlongertofill.

(D)Settlersknewlittleabouthowtocultivatethem.

PASSAGE85CBADCCDCCB

托福阅读真题2

Thesmoothoperationofanantcolonydependsontentotwentydifferentsignals,mostofwhicharepheromones(chemicalsignalstriggeringbehavioralresponses).Itisestimatedthatredfireantsemployatleasttwelvedifferentchemicalsignals.Thesimplestoftheseisthecarbondioxidefromtherespirationofanantcluster,achemicalthatactsasapheromonetopromoteaggregation.Workersmovetowardasourceofcarbondioxide,resultinginsolitaryantsmovingtojoinagroup.Attheotherextreme,themostcomplexofthefireantssignalsisprobablycolonyodor,bywhichtheworkersofaparticularcolonyornestidentifyanotherworkeraslocalorforeign.Eachantnesthasitsownodorasaresultofitslocation,history,andlocalfoodsupply.Theresidentantspickupthisodorontheirbodies,sothatantsofthesamespecies,butfromdifferentnests,havedifferentcolonyodors.Thisallowsantstoidentifyintrudersandmaintaincolonyintegrity.

Fireantsalsomakeuseofanalarmpheromonetoalertworkerstoanemergency,andtheirscoutslaydownatrailpheromoneasaguideduringmassmigrations.Afireantqueenemitsachemicalsignalthatidentifieshertothecolonysworkers.Theyrespondbyscurryingtogatheraroundher.Thedecomposingcorpseofadeadantalsogeneratesasignal,towhichworkersrespondbyeliminatingthecorpsefromthenest.

Antsprovideexamplesofbothpublic(accessibletootherspecies)andprivatemessages.Oneoftheirmostimportantprivatemessagesconcernsfood,forafoodsourceisworthkeepingsecret.Eachspeciesmarksitstrailswithsignalsthataremeaninglesstoothers,sothatanantcrossingatrailleftbyanotherantspeciestypicallynoticesnothing.Ontheotherhand,asecretsignaltomarkadeadbodyisunnecessary.Manykindsofantsperceiveanaturaldecompositionproductofdeadinsectsasasignaltoremoveacorpse.Ifanoutsiderrecognizesthismessageandmovesthebody,noharmisdone.

1.Whataspectofantsdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)Therelationshipbetweenthequeenandtheworkerants

(B)Waysinwhichantsusechemicalsignals

(C)Methodsantsusetoidentifyfoodsources

(D)Theimportanceofrespirationintheproductionofantpheromones

2.Thephrasesmoothoperationinline1isclosestinmeaningto

(A)dailyactivity

(B)effectivefunctioning

(C)delicatebalance

(D)permanentlocation

3.Accordingtothepassage,carbondioxideserveswhichofthefollowingfunctionsforfireants?

(A)Itprotectsthequeen.

(B)Itattractsotherantspecies.

(C)Itinformsworkersofpossibledanger.

(D)Itencouragestheantstogathertogether.

4.Thewordclusterinline4isclosestinmeaningto

(A)organ

(B)activity

(C)group

(D)cycle

5.Accordingtothepassage,eachnesthasadistinctodorthatallowsitsinhabitantsto

(A)findthelocationofthenestinthedark

(B)distinguishworkerantsfromotherants

(C)distinguishforeignantsfromresidentants

(D)signalotherinhabitantswhenforeignantsattack

6.Thewordalertinline13isclosestinmeaningto

(A)allow

(B)transport

(C)warn

(D)provide

7.Whatistheroleofpheromonesinthemassmigrationsofants?

(A)Pheromonesareusedtocreateatrailthatdirectstheantsduringmigrations.

(B)Pheromonessignaltheantsthatthenesthasbeeninvadedandmustbeabandoned.

(C)Pheromonescontrolthespeedatwhichantsmovefromonelocationtoanother.

(D)Pheromonesenablescoutstoidentifysuitableareasforestablishinganewnest.

8.Thewordscurryinginline16isclosestinmeaningto

(A)agreeing

(B)appearing

(C)competing

(D)rushing

9.Thewordothersinline21refersto

(A)privatemessages

(B)species

(C)trails

(D)signals

10.Whydoestheauthormentiondeadinsectsinline23?

(A)Tocomparethesocialbehaviorsofantswiththoseofotherinsects

(B)Toemphasizethedangersthatallinsectsencounter

(C)Toarguethesuperiorityofantsoverotherinsects

(D)Toindicateabehaviorthatiscommonamongvariouskindsofants

11.Whichofthefollowingtermsisdefinedinthepassage?

(A)pheromones(line2)

(B)colonyintegrity(lines12)

(C)massmigrations(line14)

(D)privatemessages(lines18-19)

PASSAGE86BBDCCCADBDA

托福阅读真题3

BecausethelowlatitudesoftheEarth,theareasneartheequator,receivemoreheatthanthelatitudesnearthepoles,andbecausethenatureofheatistoexpandandmove,heatistransportedfromthetropicstothemiddleandhighlatitudes.Someofthisheatismovedbywindsandsomebyoceancurrents,andsomegetsstoredintheatmosphereintheformoflatentheat.Thetermlatentheatreferstotheenergythathastobeusedtoconvertliquidwatertowatervapor.Weknowthatifwewarmapanofwateronastove,itwillevaporate,orturnintovapor,fasterthanifitisallowedtositatroomtemperature.Wealsoknowthatifwehangwetclothesoutsideinthesummertimetheywilldryfasterthaninwinter,whentemperaturesarecolder.Theenergyusedinbothcasestochangeliquidwatertowatervaporissuppliedbyheat—suppliedbythestoveinthefirstcaseandbytheSuninthelattercase.Thisenergyisnotlost.Itisstoredinwatervaporintheatmosphereaslatentheat.Eventually,thewaterstoredasvaporintheatmospherewillcondensetoliquidagain,andtheenergywillbereleasedtotheatmosphere.

Intheatmosphere,alargeportionoftheSunsincomingenergyisusedtoevaporatewater,primarilyinthetropicaloceans.ScientistshavetriedtoquantifythisproportionoftheSunsenergy.Byanalyzingtemperature,watervapor,andwinddataaroundtheglobe,theyhaveestimatedthequantitytobeabout90wattspersquaremeter,ornearly30percentoftheSunsenergy.Oncethislatentheatisstoredwithintheatmosphere,itcanbetransported,primarilytohigherlatitudes,byprevailing,large-scalewinds.Oritcanbetransportedverticallytohigherlevelsintheatmosphere,whereitformscloudsandsubsequentstorms,whichthenreleasetheenergybacktotheatmosphere.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusseshowheat

(A)istransformedandtransportedintheEarthsatmosphere

(B)istransportedbyoceancurrents

(C)canbemeasuredandanalyzedbyscientists

(D)movesabouttheEarthsequator

2.ThepassagementionsthatthetropicsdifferfromtheEarthspolarregionsinwhichofthe

followingways?

(A)Theheightofcloudformationintheatmosphere.

(B)TheamountofheattheyreceivefromtheSun.

(C)Thestrengthoftheirlargescalewinds.

(D)Thestrengthoftheiroceaniccurrents.

3.Thewordconvertinline6isclosestinmeaningto

(A)mix

(B)change

(C)adapt

(D)reduce

4.Whyd