工学航海英语阅读理解题集

#connectionwiththisaccident.Yoursfaithful,MasterofMTGreenLake,forandonbehalfofTranCosi.,LtdTOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheaccidentreferredtointhispassagewasacaseconcerning.A．injuryofapersonB．lossofand/ordamagetocargoC．cargomissingD．lossofand/ordamagetoshipInaccordancewiththeinvestigationtheinjuryoccurredin.A．loadingoperationB．dischargingoperationC．underwayatseaD．atanchorInopinionofMasterofMTGreenLake,theaccidentwasbythefault.thattheslinginquestionwasloweredtoofastB．thattherewassometroubleinthewinchinuseoflackingofproperwarningonthepartofthestevedores76.Itisinferredthat。MasterofMTGreenLakewouldnotacceptanyliabilityfortheaccidentthepreviousaccidentreportwaspreparedbytheshipthepreviousaccidentreportwasmadeinambiguouslanguage(含糊不清的语言)thepreviousaccidentreportwasmadesocomplicatedthatMasterofMVGreenLakecouldnotunderstandUnit07Passage20ISMCodeTheInternationalManagementCodefortheSafeOperationofShipsandforPollutionPrevention(ISMCode)addresses指明theresponsibilities职责ofthepeoplewhomanageandoperateshipsandprovides提供aninternationalstandard标准forthesafemanagementandoperationofshipsandforpollutionprevention.Theapplication用途oftheISMCodeshouldsupport支持andencourage促进thedevelopmentofasafetyculture安全文化inshipping.Successfactors成功的要素forthedevelopmentofasafetyculture:commitment承担的义务,values行业准则andbeliefs信念.TheCodeestablished确定了safety-managementobjectives目标andrequires要求asafetymanagementsystem(SMS)tobeestablishedby“theCompany",whichisdefinedastheshipowneroranyperson,suchasthemanagerorbareboatcharter光船承租人,whohasassumedresponsibilityforoperatingtheship.TheCompanyisthenrequiredtoestablishandimplement贯彻apolicyforachievingthereobjectives.Thisincludesprovidingthenecessaryresourceandshore-basedsupport.Ofthefollowing,is/arenotthesuccessfactors(s)forthedevelopmentofasafetyculture.A.commitmentB.valuesC.beliefsD.objectivesTheCompanyreferstoanyitemsofthefollowingexcept.A.theshipownerB.themanagerC.thebareboatchartererD.anypersonwhomadeclaimsagainstownersTheCompanyisrequiredtoestablishandimplementtoensuresafetyatsea,preventionofhumaninjuryorlossoflife,andavoidanceofdamagetotheenvironment,inparticular,tothemarineenvironment,andtoproperty.A.objectiveB.policyC.safetycultureD.resourceisthebesttitleofthispassage.

A．SafetymanagementobjectivesC．SafetycultureinshippingB．AshippingpolicyB．AshippingpolicyD．WhattheISMcodeisAsanEXShipInspectorforaleadingP&IClub,Ihaveseenmorethanmyfair公正的share一份(我通常所见的)ofSMSandassociatedpaperwork.Sincethedemise终止oftheradioofficer,thattraditionalstalwart忠实的拥护者whoassistedwiththeMaster'sPaperwork,timeconstraints强制andtheburden负担ofadditionalduties&responsibilitieshaveleftminimumtimeforthemaster&officerstoadequatelyfulfill履行theirdutiesinatimely及时的manner态度.Ihaveseensharppractice不正当的行为withrequiredPaperworkfortheSMSbutitishumanlyunderstandabletoseehowitarises发生.BoardingavesselassoonasthegangwaywasloweredinRotterdam,Iclimbedtothebridgeandawaitedthere:themasterwasbusytofinishhisoperationsconcerningSMS;theC/EandC/Owerewiththeirs;the2/Owasonthebridgecalmlycompletingthepre-sailingchecklist.Noactionswereactuallytaken,justthenecessaryboxestickedoff用记号钩出，简略地描述withsuchmundane平淡的itemsassteeringgeartesting.Therearemanyofyououttherewhohaveprobablyseensimilar,ifnotworseactivities.WellInowbelievethetimeisrighttohavetechnologyassistthemaster&officerstocompletetheirdutiesandresponsibilitiesinkeepingthePaperworkuptodate.TheEXShipInspectoraboutSMSandassociatedPaperwork.A．hasseenmanythingB．hasseensomethingthatheshouldnotseeC．hasseensomeunfairthingsD．hastosharethethingshehasseenItisimpliedthat.A．withoutR/O,themaster&officersaremuchbusierthanbeforeB．theR/Okeepsthemaster&officersaremuchbusierthanbeforeC．theR/Oisaburdenforthemaster&officersD．theR/Ohasleftminimumtimeforthemaster&officerstoadequatelyfulfilltheirdutiesinatimelymannerWhentheEXShipInspectorclimbedtothebridge,themaster&officers.A．didnotseehimbecausetheywerebusywiththeirownthingsaboutSMSB．didnotwelcomehimbecausehecametoinspecttheshipC．pretended假装nothavingseenhimD．ignoredhimbecausetheythinkpaperworkmoreimportantTheEXShipInspectorhastheideathat.A．heisgoinginventatechnologytoassistthemaster&officerstocompletetheirdutiesandresponsibilitiesthepaperworkwouldsubstantially重要create引起safetyandquality优质.SMSmakeshimseemorethingsD．SMShasraisedtoomuchpaperworkPassage22DPAs岸上指定人员andTheirEnthusiasm热情WhileIagreethattrainingisagoodidea在我同意培训是一个好主意的同时,Ithinkitisalsoimportanttoidentify识另Uthepersonwhoactuallywantstocarryout执行，扮演theimportantrole;onevolunteer志愿者isworthathousandpressedmen值上千个强迫的人.Myrecentexperiencewithappraising评估ISMsystemsisthattherearemanyDPAs(designatedpersonashore)whohavefallen堕落intothisrolebutinmanycasesarelessthanenthusiastic热心于aboutit.RecentlyIfoundonecompanywiththeDPAwearingdual双重的hatsofTechnicalSuperintendent技术上的主管andDPA.Youmayappreciate重视therecouldbeaconflictofinterest利益冲突butmoreimportantinthiscasetheTechnicalSuperintendenthadnointerestinbeingDPA;unsurprisingly毫不奇怪ISMinthiscompanywasinneedofsomefairlymajorrestructuring相当专业的架构.Ifeelthatwehavespentenoughtimeconcentratingon专心于thestandardsoftheseafarersanditisabouttime是时候了，theIndustrystartedtolookatthestandardsofitsshoremanagement.Inthecompanyreferredtointhepassage,.A．theTechnicalSuperintendentchangedhisjobtoworkasDPAB．DPAchangedhisjobtoworkastheTechnicalSuperintendentC．theTechnicalSuperintendentandDPAisthesamepersonD．boththeTechnicalSuperintendentandDPAarewearingthesamehatIntheauthor'opinion,.A．trainingplaysmoreimportantroleB．enthusiasmplaysmoreimportantrolebothtrainingandenthusiasmareimportantD.enthusiasmcanberaisedthroughtrainingItisimpliedthattheirjob.A.noDPAsareinterestedinB.fewDPAsareinterestedinC.allDPAsareinterestedinD.someofDPAsdonotlikeInaccordancewiththispassage,isnotanimpliedsuggestion.wehaveplacedtoomuchconcentrationonthestandardsoftheseafarersthestandardsofshoremanagementwereignoreddocertainweshallusemoreeffortstoreinforce加强shoremanagementthestandardsofshoremanagementwerehighenoughtosupportmaritimeIndustriesUnit08Passage23ReleasingofDetainedShipMasterAdetained留滞shipmasterwillonlybereleasedoncethePSCOissatisfiedthatthedeficienciesfoundhavebeenproperlyrectified改正.Incaseswheresomerepairscannotbecarriedoutintheportofdetention,thePSCOmayallowtheshipmastertoproceedtoarepairyardaslongasadequatetemporaryrepairsaremadeanditissafefortheshipmastertomakethevoyage.Ifthevesseldoesnotcomplywithconditionsoftherelease解除，itwillbeliabletoberefusedtoaccessto有权使用allTokyoMOU备忘录(memorandumofunderstanding)ports.Inordertolifttheban查封，thevesselneedstobere-inspectedtoconfirmthattheshipmaster,complieswithconventions.Thebanningprovisionhasalsobeenextendedtocovershipmasters,whicharerequiredtocomplywithISMCode.AshipmasterwithoutISMCertificateonboardmustbedetained.However,ifnootherdeficiencieswarrantingdetentionarefound,thedetentionmaybeliftedtoavoidportcongestion.89.Incasewheresomerepairscannotbecarriedoutintheportofdetention扌口扌甲，theshipmaster.A.mustbedetainedB.mustbereleasedtoavoidportcongestionC.maybeallowedtoproceedtoanotherrepairyardD.maybeallowedtorequestreinspectionIfnootherdeficiencieswarrantingdetentionexpectcarryingnoISMCertificateonboard,.thedetentionmaybeliftedtoavoidportcongestiontheshipmastershallproceedtoarepairyardtheshipmastermustbedetainedD．theshipshallberepairedInordertolifttheban禁令，查封thevesselneedstobe.A．detainedB．scrapedC．confirmedD．re-inspectedtoconfirmthattheshipmastercomplieswithconventions

Itisinferredthatifashiprefusedbyoneport,.A．shewillnotbeallowedtoproceedtoarepairedB．shewillbescrapedC．otherTokyoMOUportsareliabletoacceptherD．allotherTokyoMOUportswillnotacceptherPassage24TheRoleofPSCOTherole角色ofthePSCO,indeciding确定thedetentionsoftheshipmaster,isverydelicate有技巧的.Thedecisiontodetainavesselisbasedontheprofessionaljudgment职业的判断ofthePSCO.Ifdeficienciesarerevealed显示onaPSCOinspection,whichareclearly“hazardoustosafetyandenvironment”thePSCOmustensurethatthosedeficienciesareremoved消除beforethevesselisallowtosail.Theauthority官方may,inpracticewill,detainthevesselinordertoensurethatdeficienciesarerectified改正.Despitetheguidelines扌旨导方针providedtoassistPSCOtomakethatjudgmentthereisasubjectiveelement主观因素inaPSCO'sjudgmentthatdeficienciesareclearlyhazardoustowarrantadetention.APSCOmaydetainavesselifthereisonedeficiencyofsuchseriousnaturethatifwarrantsthevessel'sdetention,orifthereisacombination混合ofdeficiencies,whichmaynotwarrantdetentionifviewedindividually单个地看butwhenviewedtogetherwithotherdeficiencies,theyareseriouslysufficienttowarrantavessel'sdetention.Avesselmaybedetaineddueto.A．adeficiencyofserousnaturethatitwarrantthevessel'sdetentionB．arevealeddeficiencyC．arectifieddeficiencyD．aremoveddeficiencyIfdeficienciesareclearly“hazardoustosafetyandenvironment",thevesselshallbe.detainedB.removedC.viewedD.revealed船舶是被滞留，缺陷是被消除。isaninfluencingfactorinaPSCO'sjudgment.AdjectiveelementB.SubjectiveelementC.ProjectiveelementD.Objectiveelement积极、主观、消极、客观Itisinferredthatisavesselhasdeficiencieswhich,viewedindividually,donotwarrantdetention,she.A.shouldproceedtoarepairyardB.shouldbereleasedC.maynotbedetainedD.maystillbedetainedPassage25.TheDetentionofaShip代表，代理人toAsthedetentionofashipisserousmatterinvolvingmanyissue,itmaybeintheinterestofthePSCOtoactwithotherinterestedparties.Forexample,theOfficermayrequesttheowner'srepresentativeprovideproposals提议代表，代理人toStateAdministration'srepresentativeorrecognizedorganizationresponsibleforissuingtherelevant有关的certificates,andconsulting查阅themregardingtheiracceptanceoftheowner'sproposalsandtheirpossibleadditionalrequirements.Withoutlimitingthedetention扣押PSCO'sdiscretion随意inanyway,theinvolvement涉及ofotherpartiescouldresultinasafership,avoidsubsequent随后的argumentsrelatingtothecircumstancesofthedetention,andproveadvantageousincaseoflitigation诉讼involving“unduedelay".不当的延误PSCOrequestingtheowner'srepresentativetoprovideproposalsforcorrectingthesituationisalimitofthePSCO'sdiscretionaconsiderationofco-operatingwiththeFlagStateAdministration'srepresentativeaconsiderationofco-operatingwiththerecognizedorganizationanacceptanceoftheowner'sproposalsisnotaninterestedpartyinvolvedinthematterofthedetentionofaship.A．TheownerB．TheFlagStateAdministrationC．TherecognizedorganizationD．TheportstateItisimpliedthatthePSCO'sdiscretionshouldbe.A．madeinvolvingowner'srepresentativeB．madeinvolving“unduedelay”C．limitedinanywayD．limitedLimitingthePSCO'sdiscretioninanyway,theinvolvementofotherpartiescould.A．resultinasafershipB．avoidsubsequentargumentsrelatingtothecircumstancesofthedetentionC．proveadvantageousincaseoflitigationinvolving“unduedelay”D．unsafeship,argumentsrelatingtothedetentionanddisadvantageousincaseoflitigationinvolving“unduedelay”Passage25-26ArrivalintheUnitedKingdomBeforearrivalintheUnitedKingdom,themasterwillhaveinformedhisowneroragentsoftheapproximatetimeofthevessel'sarrivalatthepilotfortheportofdestination.Thevesselshouldbyflyingherensignandalsohersignallettersandtherequisitepilotsignalwhenapproachingthepilotstation.Theinternationalsignals,aswellasanylocalportsignals,canbefoundintheSailingDirections,whichisalsoknownasthe“PilotBook".Whenapilotisrequiredmostportsnowrequireduenoticeofthevessel'sETAtobesentinbyradio.However,thisdoesnotrelievetheship'sobligationto对……有义务displaythepilotsignal(“G”byanyofthemethodsofsignaling)untilthepilotisaboardwhen“H"flagwillbeflown.Ifthemasterorfirstmateofthevesselhasapilotagecertificateforthedistrictthentheaboveisunnecessary,insuchcasethepilot(whiteandredhorizontalhalves把……分两半成,asonthepilotvessel)willbeflown.25-1Whilethepilotisonshipshouldbedisplayedonthetopoftheshipmast.A．GflagB．HflagC．PilotsignalflagD．anyflag25-2TheETAinthispassagemeans.A．estimatedtimeofarrivalB．expectedtimeofair-attackC．easttimeoftheanchorageD．easttradearea25-3Ofthefollowing,iscorrect.A．theSailingDirectionsBookisalsoknownasPilotBookB．theSailingDirectionsBookandthePilotBookaredifferentbooksC．thePilotBookisapartoftheSailingDirectionsD．theSailingDirectionsBookcontainsthePilotBook25-4BeforearrivalintheUnitedKingdom,themastershouldinformtohisowneroragents.A．ETAB．ETDC．GMTD．LTUnit09Passage26ClearWeather晴天Theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshalltakefrequentandaccuratecompassbearings精确的罗经方位ofapproachingships接近的船舟白asameansofearlydetectionofriskofcollision作为一种早期判断碰撞危险的一种方法andbearinmind记住thatsuchriskmaysometimesexistevenwhenanappreciablebearingchangeisevident明显的,particularlywhenapproachingaverylargeshiporatoworwhenapproachingashipatcloserange在近距离.Theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallalsotakeearlyandpositiveaction积极的行动incompliancewiththeapplicableIRRCS国际海上避碰规则,1972andsubsequently随后checkthatsuchactionishavingthedesiredeffect希望的效果.Inclearweather,wheneverpossible,theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallcarryoutradarA．averylargeshipCA．averylargeshipC．ashipatcloserangeB．atowD．ageneralcargoshipatrangeofabout6nauticalmilesOfthefollowing,isnotanacttakentoavoidcollision.A．detectingofriskofcollisioninadvanceB．takingearly&positiveactionincompliancewiththeapplicableregulationsC．checkingthatsuchactionishavingthedesiredeffectD．reportingimmediatelytheriskofcollisiontothemasterofshipCollisionismostlikelytooccurwhenthebearingofanobjectis.A．changingwithitsdistancereducingB．notchangingwithitsdistancereducingC．changingwithitsdistancenotreducingD．notchangingwithitsdistancenotreducingItisimpliedthat.A．eveninclearweatherradarshouldbeusedB．radarshouldbeusedonlyinclearweatherC．whenapproachingaverylargeshiporatoworwhenapproachingashipatcloserangeradarshouldnotbeusedD．inmoderntimes,radarhaslittleusefornavigationPassage27.NavigationwithPilotonBoardDespite不管thedutiesandobligations职责和义务ofpilots,theirpresenceonboarddoesnotrelieve并不解除themasterorofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchfromtheirdutiesandobligationsforthesafetyoftheship.Themasterandthepilotshallexchange交换informationregarding涉及navigationprocedures过程,localconditions当地的情况andtheship'scharacteristics船舶的特性.Themasterand/ortheofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallco-operateclosely紧密合作withthepilotandmaintain保持anaccuratecheckontheship'spositionandmovement.Ifinanydoubtastothepilot'sactionsorintentions意图,theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallseekclarificationfromthepilot从引航员处澄清and,ifdoubtstillexists,shallnotifythemasterimmediatelyandtakewhateveractionisnecessarybeforethemasterarrives.Inaccordancewiththispassage,themasterand/ortheofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchisnotrequiredto.A．co-operatecloselywiththepilotB．maintainanaccuratecheckontheship'spositionC．maintainanaccuratechecktheship'smovementD．exchangetheirdutiesandobligeationsWheventhepilotisonboard,inchargeofthenavigationalwatchwillbeautomaticallyrelievedfromtheirdutiesandobligationsforthesafetyoftheship.A．neitherthemasternortheofficerB．themasterC．theofficerD．boththemasterandtheofficerOffollowing,isnotconsideredastheinformationthatshallbeexchangedbetweenthemasterandthepilot.Aandthepilot.A．navigationproceduresC．theship'scharacteristicsB．localconditionsD．theirdutiesandobligeationsIftheofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchisinanydoubtastothepilot'sactionsorintentions,heshallfirst.A．A．takereasonableactionsC．takewhateveractionisnecessaryB．seekclarificationfromthepilotD．notifythemasterimmediatelyPassage28.WatchArrangements值班安排Arrangementsforkeepingadeckwatchtheshipisinport在港内，值班的安排是为了保持甲板部的值班shallatalltimesbeadequatetoensurethesafetyoflife,oftheship,theportandtheenvironment环境,andthesafeoperation安全操作ofallmachineryrelatedto与……有关的cargooperation;observe遵守international,nationalandlocalrules;andmaintainorderandthenormalroutineoftheship.Themastershalldecidethecomposition构成andduration持续时间ofthedeckwatchdependingontheconditionsofmooring泊位,typeoftheshipandcharacterofduties.fthemasterconsidersitnecessary,aqualifiedofficer一个持证的驾驶员shallbeinchargeofthedeckwatch.Thenecessaryequipmentshallbesoarrangedastoprovideforefficientwatchkeeping以提高持续值班的效率.Thechiefengineerofficer轮机长,inconsultation商量withthemaster,shallensurethatengineeringwatchkeepingarrangementsareadequatetomaintainasafeengineeringwatchwhileinport.Whendecidingthecompositionoftheengineeringwatch,whichmayincludeappropriateengine-roomratings低级船员,thefollowingpointsareamongthosetobetakenintoaccount:onallshipsof3000kwpropulsionpower推进功率andoverthereshallalwaysbeanofficerinchargeoftheengineeringwatch;onshipsoflessthan3000kwpropulsionpowertheremaybe,atthemaster'sdiscretion谨'慎andinconsultationwiththechiefengineerofficer,nchargeoftheengineeringwatch;andofficers,whilewouldinterfere干预withtheirsupervisorydutyinrespectoftheship'smachinerysystem.Thecompositionofthedeckwatchshallbedecidedby.A．themasterB．thechiefengineerofficerC．anappropriatedeckratingD．anappropriateengine-roomratingisthemostimportantfactortobeconsideredwhendeterminingthecompositionoftheengineeringwatch.A.ThepoweroftheshipA.ThepoweroftheshipC.ThenumberofcrewmembersTheOFFICERreferstoA.deckofficerC.deckofficerorengineerofficerisnotcorrect.B.TheLOAoftheshipD.ThecargocarriedonboardB．engineerofficerD．themasterorthechiefengineerofficerprtA.TheremaybenoofficerinchargeofdeckwatchiftheshipisinB．prtC.onallshipsof3000kwpropulsionpowerandoverthereshallalwaysbeanofficerinchargeoftheengineeringwatchonshipsoflessthan3000kwpropulsionpowerheremaybenoofficerinchargeoftheengineeringwatchinportPassage29.TheWatchontheBridgePassage22Duringthewatchthecoursesteered，positionandspeedshallbecheckedatsufficientlyfrequentintervals，usinganyavailablenavigationalaidsnecessary,toensuretheshipfollowstheplannedcourse.Theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallhavefullknowledgeofthelocationandoperationofallsafetyandnavigationalequipmentonboardtheshipandshallbeawareandtakeaccountoftheoperatinglimitationsofsuchequipment.Theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallnotbeassignedorundertakeanydutieswhichwouldinterferewiththesafenavigationoftheship.Officersofthenavigationalwatchshallmakethemosteffectiveuseofallnavigationalequipmentattheirdisposal.Whenusingradar,theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallbearinmindthenecessitytocomplyatalltimeswiththeprovisions（规定）ontheuseofradarcontainedintheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea,inforce.085.Thepurposeofcheckingthecoursesteered,positionandspeedis.tosteerthecoursetoensuretheatfrequentintervalstoensuretheshipfollowstheplannedcoursetousethemsafely086.Theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchisnotrequiredtothelocationandoperationallsafetyandnavigationalequipmentonboard.A.beawareofB.havefullknowledgeofC.takeaccountofD.makedisposalof087.Whenusingradar,theofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallactinaccordancewith.thenecessitytocomplytheCOLREGtheeffectiveuseoftheequipmenttheprovisionscontainedinthenavigationalregulations088Itisimpliedthattheofficerinchargeofthenavigationalwatchshallnotundertake.A．anyotherdutiesB．anydutieswhichinterferewiththesafenavigationC．navigationaldutiesD．suchdutiesasoperatingradarandothernavigationalinstrumentsUnit10Passage30.PilotBoardingtheShipLightingshallbeprovidedatnightsuchthatboththepilotladderoversideandalsothepositionwherethepilotboardstheshipshallbeadequatelylit.Alifebuoyequippedwithaselfignitinglightshallbekeptathandreadyforuse.Aheavinglineshallbekeptathandreadyforuseifrequired.夜间应备有灯光，使舷外边的引航员软梯及引航员登船的地点,均能充分照亮•应有一个带有自亮灯的救生圈，置于手边，以备使用;还应有一根撇缆，置于手边，以备需要时使用.Meansshallbeprovidedtoenablethepilotladdertobeusedoneithersideoftheship.在船舶的两舷，均应设置能使用引航员软梯的设备.Theriggingofthepilotladderandtheembarkationanddisembarkationofapilotshallbesupervisedbyaresponsibleofficeroftheship.软梯的装设和引航员的登船和离船,均应由船上一位负责驾驶员进行管理.Whereonanyshipconstructionalfeaturessuchasrubbingbands摩擦带，橡胶带wouldpreventtheimplementation执彳亍ofanyoftheseprovisions,specialarrangementsshallbemadetothesatisfactionoftheAdministrationtoensurethatpersonsareabletoembarkanddisembarksafely.根据船舶的构造特点，诸如装有防擦护舷材以致妨碍执行任何上述规定时，应备有使主管机关

认为满意的特殊装置,以保证人员能安全地登船和离船.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zThetermRUBBINGBANDreferstothematerialfittedonboardfortheprotection保护of.A．thecargoB．thehullC．theaccommodationD．themachineryOfthefollowing,isnotrequiredtobeprovidedatthepilotstation.A．aheavinglineB．alifebuoyC．preperlightingD．rubbingbandsThepilotladdershallbecapableofbeingriggedon.A．waysideB．leesideC．eithersideD．bothsidesTheapprovalforspecialarrangementstobeusedonboardshipofspecialconstructionalfeaturesshallbegrantedby.A．thechartererB．theownerC．theshipD．theAdministrationPassage31.MeansforBoardingnotlessthan0.70meter（2feet3inches）normorethan0.80meterapart.Meansshallbeprovidedtoensuresafeandconvenientpassageontoorintoandofftheshipbetweentheheadofthepilotladderorofanyaccommodationladderorotherapplianceprovidedandtheship'sdeck.Wheresuchpassageisbymeansofagatewayintherails栏杆orbulwark舷墙，adequatehandholds扶手shallbeprovided.Wheresuchpassageisbymeansofabulwarkladder,suchladdershallbesecurelyattachedtothebulwarkrailorplatformandtwohandholdstanchionsshallbefittedatthepointofboardingorleavingtheshipachstanchion支柱shallberigidlynotlessthan0.70meter（2feet3inches）normorethan0.80meterapart.securedtotheship'sstructureatornearitsbaseandalsoatahigherpoint,shallbenotlessthan40mm（1.5inches）indiameterandshallextendnotlessthan1.2metersabovethetopofthebulwark.如这种通道是利用在引航员软梯或任何舷梯或其他装置的顶端，应有供登上或进入船舶或者离开船舶的安全和便利的通道设施•如这种通道是利用栏杆上或舷墙上的门，则应装有适当的扶手；舷墙梯子，则梯子应牢固地连接在舷墙盖板上或平台上，并在进出船舶口处装两根扶手支柱,两支柱相距不少于0.7米（2英尺3英寸），也不大于0.8米（2英尺7英寸）•每根支柱在其根部或接近其根部以及另一较高之点应系固在船体结构上，支柱的直径应不小于40毫米（1.5英寸），并应伸出舷墙顶以上不少于1.2米（3英尺11英寸）如这种通道是利用121.isnotaproperdistancebetweenthetwohandholdstanchionsattheheadofthepilotladder.A．0.7mB．0.75mC．0.8mD．1.2mEachstanchionshallberigidlysecuredtotheship'sstructureatpoints.A．2B．3C．4D．5referstotheladderconnectingthebulwarkanddeck.A．GatewayB．AccommodationladderC．PilotladderD．BulwarkladderItisinferredthatthelengthofstanchionis.A．morethan2mB．about1.2mC．around0.7mD．0.8mPassage32.SafetyCommunicationatSeaThemasterofeveryshipwhichmeetswithdangerousice，adangerousderelict被抛弃物，oranyotherdirectdangertonavigation，oratropicalstorm，orencounters遇到sub低的freezingair冷空气temperaturesassociatedwith伴随galeforcewindscausingsevere严重的iceaccretion增长onsuperstructures上层建筑,orwindsofforce10oraboveontheBeaufortscaleforwhichnostormwarninghasbeenreceived，isboundto一定要communicatetheinformationbyallthemeansathisdisposal可自行支配的toshipsinthevicinity,andalsotothecompetentauthorities主管当局atthefirstpointonthecoastwithwhichhecancommunicate.Theform格式inwhichtheinformationissentisnotobligatory不强制的.Itmaybetransmittedeitherinplainlanguage明语（preferablyEnglish）orbymeansoftheInternationalCodeofSignals.Itshouldbebroadcasttoallshipsinthevicinityandsenttothefirstpointonthecoasttowhichcommunicationcanbemade，witharequestthatitbetransmittedtotheappropriateauthorities.Eachcontractinggovernment每个缔约国政府willtakeallstepsnecessarytoensurethatwhenintelligence智力，情报ofanyofthedangersspecifiedintheaboveparagraphofthisregulationisreceived,itwillbepromptlybroughttotheknowledgeofthoseconcernedandcommunicatedtootherinterestedgovernments.Theword“intelligence”inthelastparagraphmeans.A．wit才智B．mentality心态C．wisdom学问D．information资料TheinformationofdangerouscircumstancesandconditionsspecifiedinthefirstparagraphshallbetransmittedinthepassageunderthetitleofA．urgencyB．safetyC．distressD．immediatedanger信息的等级分为三级，从危险的程度来说依次是：C、A、B。Thispassageismostlikelyextractedfrom.A．HagueRulesB．MARPOL73/78C．SOLASD．IMDGCodeA为海牙规则，主要是针对提单条款；B针对防污染；C针对安全；D针对危险货物运输Itisnotessential必要的forthemasterofashipwhichmeetswithtocommunicatetheinformationbyallthemeansathisdisposaltoshipsinthevicinity,andalsotothecompetentauthoritiesatthefirstpointonthecoastwithwhichhecancommunicate.A．dangerousice,adangerousderelict,oranyotherdirectdangertonavigation,oratropicalstormB．subfreezingairtemperaturesassociatedwithgaleforcewindscausingsevereiceaccretiononsuperstructureswindsofforce10oraboveontheBeaufortscaleforwhichnostormwarninghasbeenreceivedanydangerousspecifiedinthispassagewhichisnotnecessarytobepromptly迅速地brought获得totheknowledgeofthoseconcernedandinterestedgovernmentsUnit11Passage33TheDischargeintoSeaofSubstances物质inCategoryAThedischargeintoseaofsubstancesincategoryAasdefinedinregulation3ofthisAnnex附件orofthoseprovisionally条款assessed评估assuchorballastwater,tankwashings洗舱水,orotherresidues残留物ormixturescontainingsuchsubstancesshallbeprohibited禁止.Iftankscontainingsuchsubstancesormixturesaretobewashed,theresultingresidues由此产生的残留物shallbedischargedtoareceptionfacility接受设备untiltheconcentration集中ofthesubstanceintheeffluent暂存污水的阴沟（流出）tosuchfacilityisatorbelowtheresiduesconcentrationprescribedfor为开处方==》针对，以满足thatincolumnIIIofAppendix附录IItothisAnnexanduntilthetankisempty.Providedthattheresiduethenremaininginthetankissubsequentlydiluted冲淡bytheadditionofavolumeofwaterofnotlessthan5percentofthetotalvolumeofthetank,itmaybedischargedintotheseawhenallthefollowingconditionsarealsosatisfied:theshipisproceedingenroute在航行途中ataspeedofatleast7knotsinthecaseofself-propelledshipsoratleast4knotsinthecaseofshipswhicharenotself-propelled.thedischargeismadebelowthewaterline,takingintoaccountthelocationoftheseawaterintakes吸入；andthedischargeismadeatadistanceofnotlessthan12nauticalmilesfromthenearestlandandinadepthofwaterofnotlessthan25meters.Thedischargeintoseaofisprohibited.A．ballastwaterB．tankwashingsC．residuesormixturesD．substancesincategoryAWhentheresidueisdischargedintosea,itshallbedischarged.

A．A．belowthewaterlineC．12metersunderthewaterlineB．25metersunderthewaterlineD．fromtheseawaterintakesItisimpliedinthepassagethatsubstancesincategoryAare.A．highlypollutive污染B．verydangerousC．hazardoustohumanhealthD．harmfultomarineshippingindustriesItisinferredthat.A．onlyaverysmallconcentrationofsubstancesincategoryAcanbedischargedintoseaB．otherresiduesormixturescontainingsubstancesincategoryAarepermittedtodischargeintoseaC．tankwashingscontainingsubstancesincategoryAareabsolutelyprohibitedfromdischargingintoseaD．noballastwatercontainingsubstancesincategoryAisallowedtodischargeintosea在满足特定条件下可以排放A物质。Passage34ThedisposalofharmfulmaterialsVentilationproceduresapprovedbytheadministrationmaybeusedtoremovecargoresidues货物残留物fromatank.Suchproceduresshallbebaseduponstandardsdevelopedbytheorganization.Ifsubsequentwashingofthetank随后的货舱清洗isnecessary,thedischargeintotheseaoftheresultingtankwashings洗舱含有害物质的洗舱水shallbemadeinaccordancewiththisregulation.Thedischargeintotheseaofsubstanceswhichhavenotbeencategorized分类,provisionallyassessed,orevaluated约束性的评定或评估asreferredinregulation4(1)ofthisAnnex附件，orballastwater,tankwashings,orotherresiduesormixturescontainingsuchsubstancesshallbeprohibited.Nothinginthisregulationshallprohibitashipfromretainingon对保持boardtheresiduesfromacategoryA,BorCcargoanddischargingsuchresiduesintotheseaoutsideaspecialareainaccordancewiththisregulation.根据本规则，本规则任何条款都不禁止船舶对由类别A、B、C类货物构成的残留物保持在船舶上并在特殊区域之外排放入海。isnotaproperprocedureforthedisposaloftheharmfulmaterials.A．DischargingintoairbyventilationB．DischargingintoseaorintoportfacilitiesinaccordancewiththisregulationC．RetainingonboardD．BurningatseaTheprocedurestobeusedtoremovecargoresiduesfromatankshallbedevelopedbytheorganization.A．ventilationB．dischargingintoseaC．dischargingintoportfacilitiesD．retainingonboardshallbedischargedintotheseaoutsideaspecialareainaccordancewiththisregulation.A．TheuncategorizedsubstancesB．TheunevaluatedsubstancesC．ThesubstanceswhichhavenotprovisionallybeenassessedD．TheresiduesfromacategoryA,BorCcargoItisinferredthat.A．substanceswhichhavenotbeencategorizedarethemostharmfulB．ballastwater,tankwashings,orotherresiduesormixturescontainingsuchsubstancesarethemostharmfulC．theresiduesfromacategoryA,BorCcargoarethemostharmfulD．itcan