(全新)全国自考外刊经贸知识选读试题答案解析

全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096请将答案填在答题纸相应地点上一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每题2分，共30分）在每题列出的四个备选项中只有一个能够代替句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在答题纸相应的地点上。错选、多项选择或未选均无分。1.Hisemployertransferredhimtoanotheroffice.2.TheChinesegovernmentplanstospeedupruraldevelopment.A.distributeB.contributeC.moderateD.accelerateThisboominadulteducation,inturn,helpstoraisetheintellectualstandardofthewholecountry.CompanieslikeIBMandDellarestartingtooffercomparablepackagesforopensourcesolutions.C.cyclicalD.considerable5.Asaconsequenceofsomethingwhichhappensinthegame,aplayermustdosomethingsilly.6.EUtakesstepstoremoveanobstructionfromChinesetextileimportsheldupatEUfrontiers.A.unlockB.unloadC.unblockD.unbind1Itrequiresthereturnofexcessrevenuetotaxpayerswhenstaterevenueexceedstheamountforecastatthestartofabudgetperiodbymorethan2percent.8.Therecentstatementofthepresidentforecastachangeinthesituation.C.concentratedD.foreshadowed9.Thefactorymustaimatdevelopingnewmodelsofmachines.C.justifyD.enforce10.TheappointmentofanexperiencedUAEdiplomatwilladdweighttotheUAE’svoiceintheorganization.C.widthD.appearanceRecordoilpricesintheinternationalmarketposenothreattotheSwisseconomyatthemoment.A.proposeB.possessC.presentD.protect12.NorthropCorporationlocatedapurchaserforSwisselevatorsinEgypt.C.pushedD.choseTheAuditTechniquesGuides(ATGs)focusondevelopinghighlytrainedexaminersforaparticularmarketsegment.A.divisionB.protectionMorethanMicrosoft,GoogleismorelikelytomonopolizetheInternetwiththeirprobableGNetandGoogle.2A.constituteB.promote15.Thebookdiscusseshisillnessandsubsequentresignationfromthegovernment.C.followingD.speculative二、将以下词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每题1分，共10分）most-favorednationtreatmenttradesurplushardcurrencymergerofbanksliquidassetsahermitnationtradenegotiationataroughestimateChineseExportCommoditiesFairforeignexchangereserves三、将以下词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每题1分，共10分）公民收入国际进出收盘价处罚性入口关税证券投资商品市场自由市场（无壁垒市场）智囊团/顾问班子产地证明书平等价值3四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）Passage1Coca-Cola’sadvanceintoorangesodaisbadnewsforSunkist,whichholdsa1.5%shareofthesoftdrinkmarket,andCrush(around1%)Coca-ColabegantestingMinuteMaidOrangeSodainCanadalastsummer.SomeanalyststhinkitwillquicklychallengeSunkistasthetop-sellingorangedrink.ThesleeperamongtheproductsmightturnouttobeCherryCoke,whichcontainsnofruitjuiceatall.EmanuelGoldman,abeverageanalystwithMontgomerySecuritiesinSanFrancisco,saysCherryCokehascapturedsharesof4%to8%intestmarkets.Thedrinkprobablywon’tdoaswellwhenitisrolledoutnationally,sinceconsumercouponsandpricepromotionshavebeenhelpingitalong.ButGoldmanbelievesCherryCokecouldeventuallydisplaceDrPepperasthenation’sfifth-best-sellingsoftdrink.36.WhyisCherryCokedescribedasthe“sleeper”?37.Whatisatestmarket?Howdoyouunderstand“pricepromotions”here?Whichbrandoccupiesthefifthplaceonthesoftdrinklistatpresent?Passage2Themostvisibleresultofthisbuoyantmarketinbothcentresisaplethoraofnewmulti-storeycommercialandresidentialbuildings.InAbuDhabi,theseprojectsareletthroughtheKhalifahcommitteeortheDepartmentofSocialServicestolocalconsultants,butinDubaithereismoreofaninternationalspread.Buildingworkapart,consultantspredictafairlywidespreadofprojects.“Weexpectthemarkettoremainbuoyantforthenextcoupleofyears.ThereisafairbitofworkatMinaZayedcomingup,afairbitofroad-workingontheislandandthehinterland,andweexpectsomeairportdevelopmenttorearitsheadinthenottoodistantfuture,”saysonelong-establishedAbuDhabi-basedconsultant.Whoarerentingthemulti-storeycommercialbuildingsinAbuDhabiandDubai?Whatistheprospectofnewbuildingprojects?441.Pleaseexplain“rearitshead”and-based“Abu”inDthabielastsentence.五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每题2分，共20分）Passage1Specificationsaredetaileddescriptionsofthegoodstobesold.Theyincludethecomposition,content,purity,strength,size,etc.ofthegoods.Thesamekindofgoodsmightalsobeclassifiedintodifferentgrades,suchaslarge,medium,orsmall;GradeA,GradeB,orGradeC.Everygradehasitsownspecifications.Thesegradesaregivenbycommercialchambersorrelevantgovernmentdepartmentsorinformallybytheproducersorthetradersthemselves.Therearenouniforminternationalgradesforgoods,andtheyarenotsoformalasstandards.Standardsarethespecificationsorgradesofficiallyrecognizedbythegovernmentaldepartmentorcommercialorganizationsofacountry.Theyhavelegaleffectsandhencearebindinguponthetraders.Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththerequirementsdemandedbythestandards,theyarenottobemarketed.Differentcountrieshavedifferentstandards.Also,mostcountriesmakealterationsandamendmentstotheirstandardsanditisthereforenecessarytostatethequotedpublicationsofthestandardinacontract.Inthetradingofagriculturalproducts,F.A.Q.(fairaveragequality)isoftenemployedtoindicatethequalityofthegoods.F.A.Q.israthersweeping.Fromatechnicalpointofview,itindicatestheaveragequalityofthecurrentcrop.BesidesF.A.Q.,specificationsarestillnecessaryunlessthetransactionisdonebetweenregulartradingpartners.TobedifferentfromF.A.Q.,theterm“selected”isoyedsometimes.Withthisemplterm,thesellerneedstostatethespecificationsofthegoodstoshowhowselecteditis.Forthetradingofwoodandaquaticproducts,G.M.Q.(goodmerchantablequality)isemployedtoindicatethequalityofgoods.G.M.Q.meansthegoodsisfreefromdefectsandisgoodenoughforuseorconsumption.G.M.Q.isusuallynotsupplementedwithspecificationsandwhendisputesarisebecauseofthequalityofthegoods,exporterswillhavetobeinvitedtomake5thearbitration.Gradeshavemoredetaileddescriptionsofgoodsthanspecifications.Onemajordifferencebetweenstandards,gradesandspecificationsisthatstandardsareofficial.Itisimportantforexportgoodstomeetthestandardsoftheirtargetcountries.“selectedis”thatthelatterinvolveslessgeneralspecifications.GoodswithG.M.Q.areusuallybetterinqualitythanproductswithF.A.Q.Passage2LetmetouchonafewareaswhereprogressintheDohaDevelopmentAgendawillhelppoorercountriesreapfurthergainsfromtradeandenhancetheirpotentialforsustainabledevelopment.thissectorcanofferbigpotentialgainsforallcountries,particularlydevelopingcountries.WTOmembersarecommittedtocomprehensivenegotiationsaimedataddressingmarketaccess,exportsubsidiesandtradedistortingdomesticsupport.Morethan50developingcountriesdependonagricultureforoverone-thirdoftheirmerchandiseexportearnings.Theeventualeliminationoftradedistortingmeasureswhichaffectagriculturaltradewillbeatremendousboostforsustainabledevelopment.TheWorldBankhasestimatedthatphasingoutrestrictionsonagriculturecouldleadtohigherincomeindevelopingcountriesofsomeUS$400billionby2015.Thegainsfromthisareseveraltimeslargerthanallthedebtreliefgrantedtodevelopingcountriessofar.6negotiations,ifdevelopingcountriesaretobeabletomeaningfullygainfromworldmerchandisetrade.ThespeakerdiscussesthereasonofwhyDohaDevelopmentAgendahasbeenagreatsuccess.Progressintheagriculturenegot