2021秋八年级英语下册Unit7InternationalCharitiesThefourthpe

Page3ThefourthperiodGrammar学习目标1.掌握被动语态的结构。2.掌握一般现在时与一般过去时被动语态的构成。3.运用被动语态谈论事物。学习难点：运用被动语态谈论事物。一、自主学习Answertwoquestions:WheredoORBISdoctorsdooperations?WhatisneededbyORBIStohelpblindpeople?你能区别哪句是主动语态哪句是被动语态吗？（1）_______(2)_________.二、合作助学请画出用被动语态的句子：1)ThecakewaseatenbyDaniel.2)Nancyboughtabookyesterday.3)ThelittledogislookedafterverywellbySimon.4)HeisreadingEnglish.5)Thecomputerisboughtbymyuncle.6)Iamwokenupbymyfathereverymorning.三、点拨拓展1.被动语态和主动语态的基本概念：当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我们每天都打扫教室。Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。2.被动语态的基本构成：am/is/are+donewas/were+done3.被动语态的基本用法1)动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。Theplaneisusedasatrainingcentre.2)在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。Hiseyeproblemwascuredtwomonthsago.3)需要强调动作的承受者时。Thelivesofthepatientswitheyeproblemsareimproved.4)出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。5)在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由by引出。6)有些动词常用于被动语态。如：HewasborninNanjing.他生于南京。ThemobilephonewasmadeinChina.这部手机是中国制造的。需要注意以下内容：1)有些动词,其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell,taste,sound,feel等。Thedishsmellsgood.这道菜闻起来很香。Themusicsoundsnice.这段音乐听起来不错。2）还有一些不及物动词,常用主动语态,和well,easily等副词连用,含有被动意义。如:read,write,draw,sell,wash,cook,clean等。Thebookssellwell.这些书很畅销。Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。3)在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中,动词不定式的to常省去,但是在被动语态中要加上to。Mymothermakesmelookaftermybrotherafterschool.主动语态Iammadetolookaftermybrotherbymymotherafterschool.四、课堂检测将下列句子改为被动语态1.HeboughtaCD-ROMlastyear.ACD-ROMlastyear.2.HeorganizesactivitiesoftheComputerClub.ActivitiesoftheComputerClub.3.DoeseveryoneintheworldknowtheGreatWall?theGreatWallintheworld?4.Igavehimapresentyesterday.Apresenthimyesterday.5.Theworkersbuiltthebridgein2004.Thebridge____theworkersin2004.把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态,或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。1.TomoftenhelpsJennywhensheisintrouble.2.Iboughtacomputerlastweek.3.ThewholecakewaseatenbyEddieyesterday.4.Manytreesareplantedbystudentsandteacherseveryyear.5.Shetakesgoodcareofthechildren.翻译下列句子：这支歌经常被孩子们唱。我们昨天被他警告了。英语现在被许多人讲。人民大会堂被建于1959年。（TheGreatHalloft