2022版高考英语一轮复习练案17必修3Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInve

必修三Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·河南省南阳市一中月考)Afewyearsago,myhusbandCharlieandIhadmaritalproblems.Growingfamilyresponsibilitiesandfinancialworriestookatollonusandwebeganarguingfrequently,oftenlateintothenight.However,neitherofuscouldtakethestepthatwouldendoureleven­yearmarriageandbringheartbreaktoourthreeyoungchildren.Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.WhenIfeltwewerereachingsolidground，Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean“eternity(永恒)ring”.ItwasnotsomuchtheringIwanted;itwasthereassurance(保证)Ithoughtitwouldbring.Wewentshoppingonabeautifulsummerday.Wewalkedhandinhandalongarowofjeweler'sshops.FinallyIfoundaringIliked.Whilewaitingforittobeadjusted,thejewelertookmylefthandandglancedatmyengagementring.“MayIcleanitforyou？”heasked.“Itreallydoesn'tsparklelikeitusedto.”CharliesaidasIslippedtheringoffmyfinger.Afewminuteslaterthejewelerwasback.Theringshonelikenew!Onthedrivehome,Ididn'ttakemyeyesoffit.Iforgotallabouttheeternityring.Ijustcouldn'tbelievehowthisoldringsuddenlysparkledthewayithadthedayCharliegaveittome.Ihadtakenitforgrantedthesepastyears,butwithalittlepolishitcouldstillmakemyheartbeatfast.Andthat'sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.Iputmyhandontheseatbetweenusandspreadmyfingers.Charliecoveredmyhandwithhis.IfeltIwasluckytobeabletoseethesparkleinsomethinggoldwhenIthoughtIneededsomethingnew.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚姻问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚姻也应该像戒指一样经常除垢，让它重新生机勃勃。1．Whydidtheauthorandherhusbanddecidetosolvetheproblems？BA．Theywereafamouscouple.B．Theydidn'twanttodivorce.C．Theproblemswerenotserious.D．Theyhadexperienceindoingso.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.”，作者和丈夫仍然相互爱对方，都不想结束他们的婚姻，不想使孩子们伤心，所以他们决定要解决他们之间的问题。故B项正确。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph3probablymean？DA．Freeoftrouble. B．Arrivingatasquare.C．Wealthyandgenerous. D．Ingoodrelationship.解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句“Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.”可知，作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融洽。再根据画线部分所在句子中的“Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean‘eternity(永恒)ring’”可推知，作者感觉她和丈夫的关系已经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故D项正确。3．Whydidtheauthorforgetallabouttheeternityringontheirwaybackhome？CA．Herhusbandkeptitforher.B．Theydidn'tactuallypayforit.C．Theoldring'slightattractedherattention.D．Thecoupleweretalkingallthewaymerrily.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Onthedrivehome,Ididn'ttakemyeyesoffit.”可知，作者在回家的路上眼睛一直盯着那枚结婚戒指，因为它经过擦拭后重新放出了光芒，犹如丈夫刚给她的那天一样。早已忘记他们是要去买“永恒戒指”。故C项正确。4．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastparagraph？CA．Wetendtoprefernewobjectstooldones.B．Oneshouldremainthankfulforwhathehasgot.C．Marriageshouldbeconstantlypolished.D．Weshouldtrytorediscoverthetruevalueofoldobjects.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Andthat'sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.”可知，作者认为对待婚姻也应该像对待那枚戒指一样，经常除垢，经常发现婚姻生活中的闪光点，使婚姻保持新鲜。故C项正确。B(2020·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)Airbags,nowfoundinalmosteveryvehicle,havesavedcountlesslivesandlargelyreducedtheseriousnessofinjuriesincrashes.Similartechnologycouldgreatlyreducebrokenhips(髋部)resultingfromafall,somethingmostseniorsfear.Dr.RobertBuckmanandhisstart­upcompany,ActiveProtectiveinAllentown,Pennsylvania,hasdevelopedapromisingsolution,awearableairbagthatcanprotecthipbonesintheeventofafall.TheideawastheresultofDr.Buckman'syearsasadoctoratTempleUniversity.Henoticedhowmanyelderlypeoplewerebeingbroughtintohospitalswithbrokenhipsduetofalls,andhowtheyoftennevercompletelyrecoveredfromtheinjuries.Hestartedtoaskwhathecoulddoforthesepeople,andthatwaswhenhestartedtryingtofigureoutwhethertherewasawayofhelpingpeoplewhowereatthehighestriskoffallingandsufferingthesekindsofinjuries.Thedeviceiswornmuchlikearegularbelt,butontheoutsideoftheclothing,itincludessensorsthatmonitorthemovementofhips.Ifthedevicedetectsthatthepersonisfalling,anairbagopensbeforethepersonhitstheground,cushioningthefall.Whenthewearerhitstheground,thebagreducestheforcetothehipbonesby90percent,enoughtoavoidthemajorityofhipinjuries.Withoneoutofeverythreepeopleaged65andoldersufferingseriousfallseachyear,ActiveProtectivehasabigmarketforitswearabledevice.Italsohasthepotentialtosizablyreducehip­relatedhealthcareexpenses:HipinjuriesamongtheelderlycosttheUShealthcaresystemin2012$30billion,whichdoesn'tincludethelong­termcareexpensesassociatedwiththehighpercentageofpatientsthatcannolongerliveindependently.文章大意：本文介绍了可穿戴安全气囊的发明缘由、工作原理以及可能带来的影响。5．WhatisthepurposeoftheActiveProtective'sairbag？AA．Toavoidhipinjuriesamongseniors.B．Toprotectseniorsfromcaraccidents.C．Tohelpseniorswiththeirdailynursing.D．Tohelpdoctorsdealwithseriousinjuries.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Similartechnologycouldgreatlyreducebrokenhips(髋部)resultingfromafall,somethingmostseniorsfear.”和第二段中的“awearableairbagthatcanprotecthipbonesintheeventofafall”可知，theActiveProtective'sairbag的目的是避免老年人髋部受伤。故选A。6．WhatinspiredDr.RobertBuckmantomakethedevice？CA．Areportonseniors'health.B．Aseriousfallheexperienced.C．Hisworkexperiencesasadoctor.D．SuggestionsofseniorsatTempleUniversity.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Henoticedhowmanyelderlypeoplewerebeingbroughtintohospitalswithbrokenhipsduetofalls,andhowtheyoftennevercompletelyrecoveredfromtheinjuries.Hestartedtoaskwhathecoulddoforthesepeople,andthatwaswhenhestartedtryingtofigureoutwhethertherewasawayofhelpingpeoplewhowereatthehighestriskoffallingandsufferingthesekindsofinjuries.”可知，当医生时的所见促使Dr.RobertBuckman制造这个装置。故选C。7．Howdoesthedevicemainlywork？AA．Byreducingtheeffectsoffalling.B．Byspeedingupbonerecovery.C．Bypredictingroadconditions.D．Bypreventingpeoplefromfalling.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ifthedevicedetectsthatthepersonisfalling,anairbagopensbeforethepersonhitstheground,cushioningthefall.Whenthewearerhitstheground,thebagreducestheforcetothehipbonesby90percent,enoughtoavoidthemajorityofhipinjuries.”可知，这个装置在人将要摔倒在地的那一刻，安全气囊自动打开，以减弱身体撞击地面的强度。当穿戴者撞击地面时，安全气囊将髋骨受的冲击力降低了90%，这足以避免大部分的髋部受伤。故选A。8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheActiveProtective'sairbag？BA．Itstillneedsimproving.B．Ithasapromisingfuture.C．Itmayencourageseniorstodoexercise.D．ItmayincreaseAmerica'sexpensesonseniors.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ActiveProtectivehasabigmarketforitswearabledevice.Italsohasthepotentialtosizablyreducehip­relatedhealthcareexpenses”可推知，这个装置前景很好。故选B项。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2020·河南洛阳市高三一检)Filialpiety(孝心)isChina'smostimportantmoralityandinvolvesstrongdeference(顺从)toone'sparents.Thus,filialpietyisanimportantvaluewhenitcomestotreatingone'simmediatefamily,eldersandsuperiorsingeneral.OriginsFilialpietywasoriginallymentionedintheWesternZhou,1.E.MeaningFilialpietyisageneralattitudeofofferinglove,respect,support,anddeferencetoone'sparentsandothereldersinthefamily,suchasgrandparentsoroldersiblings.2.F.Besides,itinvolvesworkinghardinordertoprovidematerialcomfortsforparents.Theideastemsfromthefactthatparentsgivelifetotheirchildren,andsubsequentlysupportthemthroughouttheirdevelopingyearsintermsofprovidingfood,education,andmaterialneeds.3.G.ChinesecharacterBylookingattheChinesecharacterforfilialpiety,youwilllearnalotabouttheterm'sdefinition.4.B.Thecharacterisacombinationofthecharacterlao,whichmeans“old”andzi,whichmeansson.Thetophalfofthecharacterlaoformsthetophalfofthecharacterxiao，whereasthecharacterthatrepresentssonformsthebottomhalfofthecharacter.5.D.Thecharacterxiaoshowsthattheolderpersonorgenerationisbeingsupportedbytheson,orchildreningeneral.A．letmetellyouthedefinitionoffilialpietyB．FilialpietyisclarifiedbytheChinesecharacterxiaoC．FilialpietyisoneofthemostimportantChinesetraditionsD．ThisplacementissymbolicandtellsofwhatfilialpietymeansE．whichincludescarryingonthefamilylineandrespectingtheeldersF．Actsoffilialpietyincludeobeyingparents'wishes,takingcareofthemwhentheyareoldG．Extendingbeyondone'sfamily,filialpietyalsoappliestoalleldersliketeachers,professionalsuperiors,oranyonewhoisolderinage文章大意：本文主要对中华传统美德孝心的起源及含义进行了简要的介绍和分析。解析：1．结合本段的标题Origins可推知，此处介绍了孝心的起源及其基本内容，与选项E呼应。所以选用E项。2．根据空后一句“而且，孝心也包括努力工作来为父母提供物质上的舒适条件。”可推知，空处应是表述孝心的具体行为。故选项F符合语境，衔接上下文。3．空处上文主要阐述了孝心在家庭中的具体实践和体现，可推知空处应是表述孝心对除个人家庭外的长者也适用。故G项符合语境。4．空处是本段的主题句。通读全段可知，本段主要是对“孝”字的字形进行分析。并联系本部分的标题Chinesecharacter可知，选项B符合语境。5．承接上段对“孝”字的字形分析，此处对孝进行了总结和意义分析。所以选用D项。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省九师联盟质检)TheconstructionofpocketorminiparkshasgivenBeijingmoregreeneryaswellasaplacein1.whichpeoplecancomeoutforfreshair,socializingandotheractivities.Inthecentralcommercialandoldareasinthecapital,wherethereisahighdensity(密度)ofbuildingsaswellaspeople,itisan2.challenging(challenge)jobtocreatenewparks.Anadvantageofminiparksisthattheyare“flexible”.Theycanbeindifferentshapesaccordingtotheirlocation(位置)，providing3.various(variety)services.Theseparkscontributetoamuch4.better(good)environment.Miniparksdotheworkofurbanparksforthosewholivefarawayfrom5.thelatter.Peoplecan6.easily(easy)walkovertominiparksbuiltontheirstreetsorintheirneighborhood,wheretheycanexerciseandenjoythescenery.Also,withtheminiparks,peoplecanbemorethan7.visitors(visitor).Theycanparticipateintheconstructionandmanagement.Recently,peopleinSanmiaoCommunityinwestBeijing,forexample,areplanningasmallgarden8.ontheirown.Shortlyafterthecommunitydecided9.toturn(turn)anabandonedareaintoagardenpark,they10.called(call)ameetingtodiscusspeople'srequirements.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。微型公园的建设给北京提供了更多的青枝绿叶以及居民能够出来呼吸新鲜空气、参与社交和其他活动的空间。解析：1．考查定语从句。分析该句成分可知，该句是一个“介词＋关系代词”构成的定语从句，从句的先行词为place，故用关系代词which。2．考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰名词job，故用所给词的现在分词形式challenging作定语。3．考查形容词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处修饰名词services，作定语，故用所给词的形容词形式various。4．考查形容词比较级。根据该空前面的much可知，该空需要用所给词的比较级形式better。5．考查冠词。thelatter意为“后者”，为固定搭配。6．考查副词。分析该句成分可知，所填词修饰动词walk，故用所给词的副词形式easily。7．考查名词复数。visitor为可数名词，其前面没有冠词，故用其复数形式visitors。8．考查介词。onone'sown意为“独自”，为固定搭配。9．考查非谓语动词。decidetodosth.为固定搭配，toturn在此处作decided的宾语。10．考查动词时态。根据该句前面的decided可知，该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用所给词的过去式called。Ⅳ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2021·成都市诊断)ThefirsttimeIheardtheexpression“Knowyourself”bySocrates,Ididn'trealizeitsmeaninguntilIgotouniversity.Istartedmyuniversitylifeunwillingly,becauseIdidn'twanttoleavemyparentsanduniversityofengineeringwasnotmydreamschooltoo.However,Ichangedmymindcompleteafterasemester.Myschoolmatesarefromdifferentplace,someofwhicharereallyoutstanding.Thismakesmerealizedthereisalwayssomeonemuchmorebettercapable.Sincethen,toknowmyselfhasbecomeanimportancepartofmylife.Onlybyknowingwho